CN108992038B - Intraocular pressure monitoring system and intraocular pressure monitoring method - Google Patents

Intraocular pressure monitoring system and intraocular pressure monitoring method Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN108992038B
CN108992038B CN201810911621.3A CN201810911621A CN108992038B CN 108992038 B CN108992038 B CN 108992038B CN 201810911621 A CN201810911621 A CN 201810911621A CN 108992038 B CN108992038 B CN 108992038B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
intraocular pressure
monitoring
pressure
sensor
unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201810911621.3A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN108992038A (en
Inventor
杨兴
姚嘉林
胡越铭
骆凯
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tsinghua University
Original Assignee
Tsinghua University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tsinghua University filed Critical Tsinghua University
Priority to CN201810911621.3A priority Critical patent/CN108992038B/en
Publication of CN108992038A publication Critical patent/CN108992038A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2019/097210 priority patent/WO2020029792A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN108992038B publication Critical patent/CN108992038B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
    • A61B3/16—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for measuring intraocular pressure, e.g. tonometers

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
  • Measuring And Recording Apparatus For Diagnosis (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an intraocular pressure monitoring system and an intraocular pressure monitoring method. The intraocular pressure monitoring system comprises an internal part and an external part, wherein the internal part is used for monitoring intraocular parameters in real time, conditioning signals, sending and receiving signals; the external part is used for wirelessly powering the internal part and receiving, information fusion and processing data transmitted by the internal part; wherein the in-vivo portion comprises at least one monitoring unit comprising at least two sensors for monitoring ocular parameters; the external part comprises at least one multi-sensor information fusion module, and the received data is analyzed and processed through an information fusion technology. According to the invention, the plurality of sensors are reasonably arranged in the monitoring unit, and the intraocular pressure and other parameters can be obtained by utilizing a multi-sensor information fusion technology, so that the reliability and the detection precision of intraocular pressure monitoring are effectively improved.

Description

Intraocular pressure monitoring system and intraocular pressure monitoring method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to an intraocular pressure monitoring system. The invention also relates to an intraocular pressure monitoring method.
Background
Glaucoma is an ocular disease that damages the optic nerve due to a sustained or intermittent elevation of ocular pressure caused by excessive aqueous humor in the eye, exceeding the extent of tolerance of the eyeball. Continuous measurement of ocular tension over a long period of time is of great importance for diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma patients.
The implantation method is possible to put a microsensor in the eye and form a real-time monitoring system, so that the continuous monitoring of the intraocular pressure for a long time can be realized. However, implantable ocular pressure monitoring devices and methods currently in the literature and reported tend to use only one or one sensor, thus presenting the following disadvantages: (1) detection accuracy aspect: the type of the measured intraocular pressure data is relatively single, and a plurality of complex conditions such as stillness, movement, acceleration and deceleration, body temperature change, body position change and the like exist in daily work and life of a patient, and the conditions can have certain influence on accurate measurement of the intraocular pressure, so that accurate and reliable intraocular pressure data and information cannot be obtained; (2) reliability aspect: since only one pressure sensor is used to detect the intraocular pressure, the implantable intraocular pressure monitoring device also fails when the pressure sensor fails or fails. More seriously, the erroneous intraocular pressure information provided by a single pressure sensor cannot be corrected due to a malfunction or failure, which may lead to erroneous judgment, erroneous operation and treatment of the doctor and patient. In addition, the implantation operation of the intraocular pressure monitoring device is performed again, so that a new round of wounds can be possibly caused to the body and mind of a patient; (3) Intelligent aspects: the prior intraocular pressure monitoring method does not mention an information fusion technology, however, a plurality of sensors or a plurality of sensors are matched with each other in daily work and life of a patient, and a plurality of signals or a plurality of signals are collected for comprehensive analysis and judgment, so that the intellectualization of the system can be improved.
In addition, although the intraocular pressure measuring and monitoring devices reported in some documents at present mention the use of multiple sensors, on the one hand, the reason and purpose of intraocular pressure monitoring using multiple sensors and how to perform reasonable arrangement and matching of multiple or multiple sensors are not given, and on the other hand, the method and algorithm of fusion processing of information by multiple sensors are not given.
In summary, the implantable intraocular pressure monitoring device and method in the prior art are difficult to meet the requirements of high accuracy, high reliability and intelligent real-time monitoring of the intraocular pressure of a patient.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above-mentioned current situation, the main objective of the present invention is to provide an intraocular pressure monitoring system and an intraocular pressure monitoring method, which utilize a multi-sensor information fusion technology to monitor intraocular pressure in real time, so as to not only improve the reliability and measurement accuracy of intraocular pressure monitoring, but also prompt a monitored person in time when the intraocular pressure is abnormal, so as to avoid damage to the optic nerve of the monitored person.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an intraocular pressure monitoring system comprising an in vivo portion for monitoring intraocular parameters in real time, performing signal conditioning, transmitting and receiving signals, and an in vitro portion; the external part is used for wirelessly powering the internal part and receiving, information fusion and processing data transmitted by the internal part;
Wherein the in-vivo portion comprises at least one monitoring unit comprising at least two sensors for monitoring ocular parameters;
the external part comprises at least one multi-sensor information fusion module, and the received data is analyzed and processed through an information fusion technology.
Preferably, the monitoring unit comprises at least one pressure sensor for monitoring the intraocular pressure.
Preferably, the monitoring unit further comprises at least one drainage tube connected to at least one pressure sensor in the monitoring unit;
the drainage tube is used for being inserted into an eyeball so as to drain aqueous humor to the monitoring unit.
Preferably, the extracorporeal portion comprises at least one sensor.
Preferably, the extracorporeal portion comprises at least one pressure sensor for monitoring the atmospheric pressure;
and/or the extracorporeal portion comprises at least one acceleration sensor and/or at least one gyroscopic sensor for measuring and/or monitoring the acceleration and/or angular velocity of the body of the subject, such that the tonometric monitoring system is capable of improving the accuracy of tonometric measurements by monitoring the acceleration and/or angular velocity and/or pose of the body of the subject;
And/or the extracorporeal portion comprises at least one temperature sensor for measuring and/or monitoring the temperature of the subject and/or the environment, such that the ocular pressure monitoring system is capable of taking into account or excluding the effect of temperature variations on ocular pressure monitoring.
Preferably, the monitoring unit comprises at least one acceleration sensor and/or at least one gyro sensor for monitoring acceleration and/or angular velocity of the head of the subject, such that the intraocular pressure monitoring system is able to monitor the influence of acceleration and/or angular velocity on intraocular pressure;
and/or the monitoring unit comprises at least one temperature sensor for monitoring the in vivo temperature of the subject, such that the intraocular pressure monitoring system is capable of monitoring the effect of in vivo temperature changes on intraocular pressure.
Preferably, the external part comprises a signal transfer unit and an upper computer processing unit, the signal transfer unit is used for receiving the parameter data transmitted by the internal part and transferring the received data to the upper computer processing unit, and the at least one multi-sensor information fusion module is arranged in the upper computer processing unit.
Preferably, the external part further comprises a cloud processing unit, the cloud processing unit can communicate with the upper computer processing unit so as to receive and store parameter data from the upper computer processing unit, re-analyze the received data by utilizing a multi-sensor information fusion technology, and feed back analysis results to the upper computer processing unit.
Preferably, the signal relay unit is adapted to be worn on the head, chest, torso and/or extremities of the subject.
An intraocular pressure monitoring method adopts the intraocular pressure monitoring system, wherein the external part of the intraocular pressure monitoring system comprises a signal transit unit and an upper computer processing unit; the intraocular pressure monitoring method comprises the following steps:
s10, the in-vivo part monitors the intraocular pressure of a monitored person and converts a pressure signal into an electric signal;
s20, the in-vivo part sends monitoring data to the signal transit unit;
s30, the signal transfer unit sends the data from the internal part to the upper computer processing unit;
s40, the upper computer processing unit analyzes and processes the received data by utilizing an information fusion technology;
s50, the upper computer processing unit judges whether the intraocular pressure is abnormal according to the processing result, gives out intraocular pressure information when the intraocular pressure is normal, and sends out a prompt signal when the intraocular pressure is confirmed to be abnormal.
Preferably, the monitoring unit comprises at least two pressure sensors; in step S50, the upper computer processing unit comprehensively determines through a data fusion algorithm according to the data of two or more pressure sensors, and obtains the situation and data of intraocular pressure.
Preferably, in step S50, the upper computer processing unit determines the intraocular pressure condition, and may diagnose the intraocular pressure abnormality when any one of the following three conditions is satisfied:
(1) The intraocular pressure exceeds a mmhg,
(2) The difference between the intraocular pressure and the intraocular pressure is larger than b millimeters of mercury,
(3) the difference in intraocular pressure exceeds c mmhg within t1 hour.
Wherein t1=1 to 100, a=3 to 80, b=3 to 10, c=3 to 30.
Preferably, the monitoring unit or the signal relay unit comprises at least one acceleration sensor and/or at least one gyro sensor; in step S50, the upper computer processing unit corrects or compensates the measurement result of the intraocular pressure according to the measurement result of the acceleration and/or angular velocity sensor, and sends a prompt signal when it is confirmed that the fluctuation of the intraocular pressure along with the acceleration and/or angular velocity exceeds a predetermined limit.
Preferably, the monitoring unit comprises at least one pressure sensor and at least one temperature sensor;
in step S10, the monitoring unit further monitors the in-vivo temperature of the subject, and converts the temperature signal into an electrical signal;
in step S50, the upper computer processing unit corrects the temperature drift generated by the pressure sensor along with the internal temperature change to obtain a corrected pressure value, and then judges whether the intraocular pressure is abnormal according to the corrected pressure value.
Preferably, the intraocular pressure monitoring system comprises a cloud processing unit; step S50 includes the steps of:
s510, the upper computer processing unit transmits the analyzed and processed data and/or unprocessed data to the cloud processing unit;
s520, the cloud processing unit re-analyzes the received data by utilizing an information fusion technology, and feeds back an analysis result to the upper computer processing unit;
s530, the upper computer processing unit judges whether the intraocular pressure is abnormal according to the received feedback information, and sends out a prompt signal when the intraocular pressure is confirmed to be abnormal.
According to the invention, the plurality of sensors are reasonably arranged in the monitoring unit, and the intraocular pressure and other parameters can be obtained by utilizing a multi-sensor information fusion technology, so that the reliability and the detection precision of intraocular pressure monitoring are effectively improved.
Drawings
Preferred embodiments of an intraocular pressure monitoring system and an intraocular pressure monitoring method according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the figure:
fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the composition and structure of an intraocular pressure monitoring system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a monitoring unit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a monitoring unit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in which only the arrangement of sensors is illustrated;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a monitoring unit according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in which only the arrangement of sensors is illustrated;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a monitoring unit according to still another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in which only the arrangement of sensors is illustrated;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a signal relay unit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a monitoring unit according to still another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in which only the arrangement of sensors is illustrated;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a monitoring unit according to still another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in which only the arrangement of sensors is illustrated;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a monitoring unit according to still another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in which only the arrangement of sensors is illustrated;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a monitoring unit according to still another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in which only the arrangement of sensors is illustrated.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a monitoring unit according to still another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in which only the arrangement of sensors is illustrated.
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a monitoring unit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention implanted in both the eyeball and the cranial cavity;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a monitoring unit implanted in an eyeball according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a monitoring unit implanted in an eyeball according to another preferred embodiment of the invention;
fig. 15 is a flowchart of an intraocular pressure monitoring method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 16 is a flowchart of an intraocular pressure monitoring method according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
description of the reference numerals
In-vivo portion 110 monitoring unit 111 intraocular pressure monitoring module 111a pressure sensor 111b pressure sensor 111c pressure sensor 111d pressure sensor 111e pressure sensor 111f pressure sensor 112 temperature monitoring module 112a temperature sensor 112b temperature sensor 113 acceleration monitoring module 113a acceleration sensor 113b acceleration sensor 114 angular velocity monitoring module 114a gyro sensor 114b gyro sensor 115 intracranial pressure monitoring module 115a pressure sensor 116a heart rate sensor 117a blood glucose sensor 120 signal conditioning unit 130 wireless communication unit 140 energy source receiving and supplying unit 150a drainage tube 150b drainage tube 150c drainage tube 151 drainage tube 152 drainage tube 200 in-vitro portion 211 power supply module 212 signal receiving module 214 signal transmission module 220 upper computer processing unit 221 multi-sensor processing unit 230 cloud processing unit
Detailed Description
The first aspect of the present invention provides an intraocular pressure monitoring system, as shown in fig. 1, comprising an in-vivo part 100 and an in-vitro part 200, wherein the in-vivo part comprises a monitoring unit 110, a signal conditioning unit 120, a wireless communication unit 130 and an energy receiving and supplying unit 140, and the in-vitro part comprises a signal transferring unit 210, an upper computer processing unit 220 and a cloud processing unit 230.
1. Multiple and multiple sensor fitting modes
In the intraocular pressure monitoring system, the types and the number of the sensors can be matched according to the needs so as to obtain different monitoring effects.
The implantable intraocular pressure monitoring device in the prior art has the following disadvantages because only one or one pressure sensor is used for detecting intraocular pressure: (1) detection accuracy aspect: the type of the measured intraocular pressure data is relatively single, and patients have various complex conditions such as stillness, movement, acceleration and deceleration, body temperature change, body position change and the like in daily work and life, and the conditions can have certain influence on accurate measurement of the intraocular pressure, so that accurate and reliable intraocular pressure data and information cannot be obtained. (2) reliability aspect: since only one pressure sensor is used to detect the intraocular pressure, the implantable intraocular pressure monitoring device also fails when the pressure sensor fails or fails. More seriously, the erroneous intraocular pressure information provided by a single pressure sensor cannot be corrected due to a malfunction or failure, which may lead to erroneous judgment, erroneous operation and treatment of the doctor and patient. In addition, the implantation operation of the intraocular pressure monitoring device is performed again, and a new wound may be caused to the body and mind of the patient. (3) Intelligent aspects: the prior intraocular pressure monitoring method does not mention an information fusion technology, however, a plurality of sensors or a plurality of sensors are matched with each other in daily work and life of a patient, and a plurality of signals or a plurality of signals are collected for comprehensive analysis and judgment, so that the intellectualization of the system can be improved. Therefore, the measurement accuracy, reliability, intellectualization and the like of the implanted intraocular pressure monitoring device are to be improved.
Based on the invention, the eye pressure monitoring system can be designed and selected according to a reliability theory and an error analysis theory.
Reliability is defined as the ability of a product to perform a specified function under specified conditions and for a specified period of time. The probability measure of reliability is called reliability and is generally denoted as R (t). The reliability function may be expressed as a function of time t, and may be expressed as
R (T) =p (T > T) (formula 1)
Where T is a predetermined time, T is the lifetime of the product, and P (E) is the probability of occurrence of event E.
From the definition of reliability, R (t) describes the probability that the product is intact in the (0, t) time, and R (0) =1, R (+infinity) =0. When the product starts to be used, all products are good; as long as the time is sufficiently long, all products will fail.
Accordingly, there is an unreliability F (t), or cumulative failure probability. Then there are:
r (t) +f (t) =1 (formula 2)
Defining the derivative of the cumulative failure probability F (t) as F (t), wherein F (t) represents the failure probability of the product in unit time at the time t, and the following steps are included:
where t is a predetermined time, N (t) represents the number of products that fail to complete the predetermined function by the time t, and N represents the number of products put into operation at the start time of the section.
And then defining failure rate lambda (t) as a product which does not fail at the moment t, and determining the probability of failure in unit time after the moment t.
Then the probability formula is expressed as:
further obtain:
as a result of:
f(t)＝-R′(t)
R′(t)＝-f(t)
namely:
from this, the relation between reliability and failure rate is derived:
given that the annual loss rate of one sensor in the existing implantable ocular pressure monitoring device is 1%, i.e. the probability of failure of one sensor after 1 year of operation is 1%, how to increase the operating life of the existing implantable ocular pressure monitoring device to 10 years without changing the reliability? Even 20 years?
The probability of failure is obtained according to the above equations 2 and 5:
one pressure sensor in the existing implantable ocular pressure monitoring device is available with an annual loss rate of 1%,
in order to improve the service life of the prior implantable intraocular pressure monitoring device to 10 years, the implantable intraocular pressure monitoring device can work together by adopting a plurality of identical pressure sensors, and the prior implantable intraocular pressure monitoring device with only one pressure sensor has the failure probability of 1 percentThe number n of available pressure sensors is 1.95, namely the existing implantable intraocular pressure monitoring device works together by adopting 2 identical pressure sensors, so that the service life of the existing implantable intraocular pressure monitoring device can be prolonged to more than 10 years. Similarly, when the working life is set to be 20 years, the number n of available pressure sensors is 2.70, namely the existing implantable intraocular pressure monitoring device adopts 3 identical pressure sensors to work together, and the device can The service life of the existing implantable intraocular pressure monitoring device is prolonged to more than 20 years.
Based on the design concept of the implantable intraocular pressure monitoring device, the monitoring unit 100 of the present invention includes more than two pressure sensors, and even if one of the pressure sensors fails, at least one pressure sensor remains to work normally, and the corresponding monitoring unit 110 is still effective, so that the intraocular pressure monitoring system of the present invention can also effectively delay the failure of the implanted monitoring unit 110, thereby reducing the risk of the subject suffering from secondary surgery and alleviating pain.
In addition, in the implantable intraocular pressure monitoring device in the prior art, only one or one type of pressure sensor is used for measuring the intraocular pressure data relatively singly, and patients have various complex conditions such as stillness, movement, acceleration and deceleration, body temperature change, body position change and the like in daily work and life, and the conditions can have certain influence on accurate measurement of the intraocular pressure, so that a plurality of or a plurality of types of sensors are needed to be matched with each other, and a plurality of or a plurality of types of signals are collected for comprehensive analysis and judgment, so that accurate and reliable intraocular pressure data and information can be obtained. This problem is accentuated, thereby resulting in the inability of prior art implantable ocular pressure monitoring devices to accurately, comprehensively and efficiently detect ocular pressure. While the intraocular pressure monitoring system of the present invention overcomes these problems, preferred embodiments are as follows:
1.1 in vivo (intraocular) portion 100 is provided with two or more pressure sensors
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the monitoring unit 110 includes at least two pressure sensors 111a and 111b arranged in parallel, that is, at least two pressure sensors 111a and 111b are installed close to each other with the same measuring direction. Each pressure sensor may convert the tonus parameter of the monitored person into a corresponding electrical signal, as shown in fig. 1, the energy receiving and supplying unit 140 is connected with the signal transferring unit 210 in a coil coupling manner (preferably in a Near Field Communication (NFC) manner), the signal transferring unit 210 transmits the electrical signal collected by the in vivo portion 100 to the upper computer processing unit 220, and the upper computer processing unit 220 processes the signal collected by the monitoring unit 110 by using an information fusion technology, so that at least two sets of tonus data of the monitored person may be obtained in real time.
For example, when two or more pressure sensors are disposed in the in-vivo (intraocular) portion 100 and consistency of a plurality of sets of intraocular pressure data measured by the two or more pressure sensors is not good, reliability of the in-vivo sensors can be determined according to an error analysis theory, and when an abnormality occurs, a subject needs to timely contact a doctor to calibrate the in-vivo pressure sensors, so that intraocular pressure data of the subject can be corrected, or erroneous intraocular pressure data of the subject can be excluded; for example, as shown in fig. 4, more than two pressure sensors 111a, 111b and 111c are disposed in the monitoring unit 110, the average value of the intraocular pressure data detected by the plurality of pressure sensors is mmhg, if the difference between the intraocular pressure data n detected by any one pressure sensor in the monitoring unit 110 and the average value M > dmhg, where d is a preset deviation value, preferably d is equal to or greater than 0.1, it indicates that the reliability of the pressure sensor in the body is to be tested, and the subject needs to timely contact with the doctor to calibrate the pressure sensor in the body, so that the intraocular pressure data of the subject can be corrected, or the erroneous intraocular pressure data of the subject can be excluded; if the difference value between the intraocular pressure data n detected by any one of the pressure sensors in the monitoring unit 110 and the average value M is less than or equal to dmmHg, the in-vivo sensor can work normally, and the intraocular pressure is the average value of the pressure data;
It can be seen that, when the monitoring unit 110 includes more than two pressure sensors, the reliability and accuracy of each pressure sensor can be verified through information fusion of the more than two pressure sensors, so as to improve the accuracy of intraocular pressure monitoring.
1.2 two pressure sensors are arranged in the internal part and one sensor for measuring the atmospheric pressure is arranged in the external part
Preferably, a first absolute pressure sensor 111a and a second absolute pressure sensor 111b are arranged side by side within the monitoring unit 110 shown in fig. 3, while a third absolute pressure sensor 111c is arranged within the extracorporeal portion 200 of the ocular pressure monitoring system, for example, the third absolute pressure sensor 111c and its signal conditioning module 120 are directly mounted or integrated in the upper computer processing unit 220. Since the pressures measured by the first absolute pressure sensor 111a and the second absolute pressure sensor 111b are higher than the external pressure (i.e., the atmospheric pressure), and the pressure measured by the third absolute pressure sensor 111c is equal to the atmospheric pressure, the average value of the outputs of the first absolute pressure sensor 111a and the second absolute pressure sensor 111b is subtracted from the output of the third absolute pressure sensor 111c to obtain the intraocular pressure value of the subject. In addition, the embodiment can also obtain two groups of intraocular pressure data of the monitored person in real time, when the consistency of the two groups of intraocular pressure data is poor, the reliability of the in-vivo sensor can be judged according to the error analysis theory, and when an abnormality occurs, the monitored person needs to timely contact a doctor to calibrate the in-vivo pressure sensor, so that the intraocular pressure data of the monitored person can be corrected, or the erroneous intraocular pressure data of the monitored person can be eliminated; for example, the average value of the intraocular pressure data detected by the two pressure sensors in the monitoring unit 110 is mmHg, if the difference between the intraocular pressure data n detected by any one pressure sensor in the monitoring unit 110 and the average value M is d mmHg, wherein d is a preset deviation value, preferably d is greater than or equal to 0.1, it is indicated that the reliability of the pressure sensor in the body is to be checked, and the subject needs to timely contact with a doctor to calibrate the pressure sensor in the body, so that the intraocular pressure data of the subject can be corrected, or the erroneous intraocular pressure data of the subject can be excluded; if the difference between the intraocular pressure data n detected by any one of the pressure sensors in the monitoring unit 110 and the average value M is less than or equal to dmmHg, it is indicated that the in-vivo sensor can work normally, and the intraocular pressure is the average value of the pressure data.
1.3 internal portions of the body are provided with at least one pressure sensor, an acceleration sensor and a gyro sensor
For another example, as shown in fig. 5, the pressure sensor 111a is used for detecting intraocular pressure, the acceleration sensor 113a and the gyro sensor 114a are respectively used for detecting the acceleration and the body position of the body of the monitored person, so when the monitoring unit 110 includes the pressure sensor 111a, the acceleration sensor 113a and the gyro sensor 114a at the same time, the information fusion of these sensors by the upper computer processing unit 220 can effectively detect the intraocular pressure data of the monitored person under various accelerations and angular velocities, so that the doctor evaluates the influence of the body position, the movement state and the like of the monitored person on the intraocular pressure, so as to remind the monitored person to avoid some dangerous actions and/or bad movements and living habits under the condition of abnormal intraocular pressure. In an alternative embodiment, to reduce the volume and integration difficulty of the monitoring unit 110, the acceleration sensor 113a and the gyro sensor 114a may be mounted on an external portion such as the signal relay unit 210.
Preferably, the monitoring unit 110 and the signal relay unit 210 are connected by a Near Field Communication (NFC) technology. Preferably, the signal relay unit 210 is adapted to be worn on the head, chest and/or limbs of the subject, for example, in the form of eyeglasses, eye shields, caps, etc., so long as reliable communication with the implanted monitoring unit 110 is ensured, i.e. the two should be as close as possible.
Preferably, the signal relay unit 210 and the upper computer processing unit 220 are connected by a wired or wireless manner.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the respective sensors constitute respective modules of signal collection of the monitoring unit 110 for detecting parameters such as pressure, temperature, acceleration, angular velocity, etc., and converting the detected parameters into corresponding electrical signals. As shown in fig. 1, the intraocular portion includes a signal conditioning unit 120, a wireless communication unit 130, and an energy receiving and supplying unit 140 in addition to the monitoring unit 110. The signal conditioning unit 120 includes a filter circuit and an amplifying circuit, the monitoring unit 110 transmits an electrical signal to the signal conditioning module 120 for conditioning, the signal conditioning unit 120 sequentially filters the electrical signal through the filter circuit, amplifies the electrical signal through the amplifying circuit, eliminates high-frequency and intermediate-frequency noise in the electrical signal, and adjusts the electrical signal to an application range of the wireless communication unit 130, and the wireless communication unit 130 can transmit the electrical signal to the signal transfer unit 210 of the external portion in a wireless manner (for example, NFC).
Preferably, as shown in fig. 6, the signal relay unit 210 includes a power supply Module 211, power management module 212, signal receiving module 213 and signal transmitting module 214. These modules may be integrated on one circuit board. The signal receiving module 213 is configured to receive a signal sent by the wireless communication unit 140, and transmit the received signal to the signal transmitting module 214, preferably using SPI or I 2 And C, transmitting in a mode of C. After the signal transmission module 214 receives the signal, it preferably communicates with the upper computer processing unit 220 through one of BLE, wiFi, zigBee, 3G and 4G communication methods, so as to send the signal to the upper computer processing unit 220 wirelessly. Alternatively, the signal transmission module 214 may be replaced by a wired transmission module, so as to communicate with the upper computer processing unit 220 in a wired communication manner.
The signal relay unit 210 is powered by the power module 211, the power module 211 may preferably be a 3.7V lithium battery, and different voltages required by different modules are provided 212 by a power management module.
Preferably, the monitoring unit 110 is powered by the signal relay unit 210. Specifically, the energy receiving and supplying unit 140 has a first coupling coil, the NFC signal receiving module has a second coupling coil, after the first coupling coil is coupled with the second coupling coil, the signal receiving module 213 may transmit a high frequency electromagnetic wave to the energy receiving and supplying unit 140, and the energy receiving and supplying unit 140 may receive the high frequency electromagnetic wave and convert energy of the high frequency electromagnetic wave into direct current, thereby supplying power to each module in the monitoring unit 110.
Preferably, the upper computer processing unit 220 may be a portable mobile terminal that is convenient for the monitored person to carry, for example, a general-purpose communication terminal such as a smart phone, or other special devices such as a computer, a recorder, etc.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the intraocular pressure monitoring system of the present invention further includes a cloud processing unit 230, where the upper computer processing unit 220 is capable of communicating with the cloud processing unit 230 to transmit the analyzed and processed data and/or the unprocessed data to the cloud processing unit 230, and the cloud processing unit 230 is capable of re-analyzing the received data by using an information fusion technology and feeding back the analysis result to the upper computer processing unit 220. Therefore, after the upper computer processing unit 220 receives the feedback information of the cloud unit 230, timely and effective information guidance can be provided for the monitored person according to the content of the feedback information. For example, the cloud processing unit 230 may calculate the eye state of the monitored person at the cloud, so that the monitored person may be reminded of adjusting and controlling the eye habit through the data.
That is, when the intraocular pressure monitoring system of the present invention includes the cloud processing unit 230, the fusion processing and analysis of the multi-sensor detection data may be performed by the upper computer processing unit 220, the cloud processing unit 230, or both the upper computer processing unit 220 and the cloud processing unit 230 (i.e. both perform a part of the data processing).
Preferably, the upper computer processing unit 220 is provided with an APP software with BLE receiving function, and has a multi-sensor information fusion function and a network layer communication function, the monitored person can control the monitoring unit 110 to collect corresponding signals through the APP software and choose whether to package and upload data to the cloud processing unit 230, and after the cloud processing unit 230 calculates the corresponding data, the monitored person can choose whether to upload and share the data according to options of the APP software.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 5, the monitoring unit 110 of the in-vivo part includes a pressure sensor 111a, an acceleration sensor 113a and a gyro sensor 114a, wherein the pressure sensor 111a can convert the intraocular pressure parameter of the subject into a corresponding electrical signal, the acceleration sensor 113a can convert the acceleration parameter of the body of the subject into a corresponding electrical signal, and the gyro sensor 114a can convert the angular velocity parameter of the subject into a corresponding electrical signal. The energy receiving and supplying unit 140 is connected with the signal transferring unit 210 in a coil coupling manner, preferably in a Near Field Communication (NFC) manner, the signal transferring unit 210 transmits the electric signal collected by the monitoring unit 110 to the upper computer processing unit 220, The upper computer processing unit 220 processes the signals collected by the monitoring unit 110 by using an information fusion technology, so as to obtain the intraocular pressure under various accelerations and angular velocities in real time, i.e. the influence of the information such as the body position and the movement state of the monitored person on the change of the eye pressure. In particular, when the body position and the movement state of the subject have a large influence on the fluctuation of the intraocular pressure, for example, the acceleration of the subject is 0.1 to 100m/s in a period of 0.1 to 60s (preferably 1 s) 2 (preferably 2 m/s) 2 ) When the angular velocity is +/-0.1-1000 °/s (preferably 100 °/s), the fluctuation range of the intraocular pressure is more than 0.1-50 mmHg (preferably 3 mmHg), the optic nerve may be seriously damaged, glaucoma condition is induced and/or aggravated, so that the upper computer processing unit 220 can timely send out a prompt signal, and the doctor can evaluate the influence of the body position, the movement state and the like of the monitored person on the intraocular pressure, so as to remind the monitored person to avoid some dangerous actions and bad living habits which lead to the surge of the fluctuation range of the intraocular pressure. That is, the intraocular pressure monitoring system of the invention not only can accurately monitor the intraocular pressure fluctuation condition of the monitored person, but also can distinguish a part of reasons causing the intraocular pressure fluctuation, thereby timely reminding the monitored person to avoid certain dangerous actions and bad living habits.
1.4 internal portions of the body three pressure sensors are arranged perpendicular to each other
Preferably, the monitoring unit 110 may be implanted in the anterior chamber of the subject, as shown in fig. 7, the monitoring unit 110 includes three pressure sensors 111a, 111b and 111c, which are respectively arranged on three sides of the monitoring unit 110 perpendicular to each other, i.e., measuring directions of the three pressure sensors are perpendicular to each other, respectively facing three directions of the spatial coordinate system. Each of the three pressure sensors 111a, 111b and 111c may measure intraocular pressure parameters of a subject in one direction and convert them into corresponding electrical signals, the monitoring unit 110 is connected with the signal relay unit 210 in a coil coupling manner (preferably in a Near Field Communication (NFC) manner), the signal relay unit 210 transmits the electrical signals collected by the monitoring unit 110 to the upper computer processing unit 220, and the upper computer processing unit 220 processes the signals collected by the monitoring unit 110 by using an information fusion technology, thereby obtaining intraocular pressure data of the subject in three directions in real time, and may monitor intraocular pressure dynamic changes in three directions in real time based on the intraocular pressure data in three directions, thereby evaluating the influence of dynamic intraocular pressure on glaucoma. For example, when the intraocular pressure data in three directions in space at a certain moment are G mmHg, H mmHg and L mmHg, respectively, and G > H > L, it is indicated that the subject is in a state of motion at this time, and the condition of fluctuation in intraocular pressure of the subject can be evaluated.
Specifically, since the actual intraocular pressure of the subject is the sum of the intraocular pressure at rest and the dynamic pressure caused by movement, in this embodiment, when the subject is at rest and each pressure sensor is normal, the intraocular pressure data in three directions in space should satisfy g=h=l, in which case, an intraocular pressure abnormality can be diagnosed if any one of the following three conditions is satisfied:
(1) The intraocular pressure exceeds a mmhg,
(2) The difference between the intraocular pressure and the intraocular pressure is larger than b millimeters of mercury,
(3) the difference in intraocular pressure exceeds c mmHg at t1 hour;
wherein t1=1 to 100, a=3 to 80, b=3 to 10, c=3 to 30.
When the monitored person moves, the situation that the intraocular pressure data in three directions in space are not equal, namely G is not equal to H is not equal to L, so that the intraocular pressure fluctuation can press the optic nerve to induce or aggravate glaucoma, and in the case, if the fluctuation range of any one of the intraocular pressure data in three directions in space in the first preset time t1 reaches or exceeds a first preset quantity a, the intraocular pressure abnormality can be considered; when the monitored person is stationary, if the intraocular pressure data in three directions in space are unequal, namely G is not equal to H is not equal to L, the pressure sensor is invalid, and the monitored person needs to contact a doctor to recalibrate the pressure sensor in the body. Therefore, the intraocular pressure monitoring system can accurately monitor the intraocular pressure fluctuation condition of the monitored person, and can distinguish a part of reasons causing the intraocular pressure fluctuation, so that the monitored person is timely reminded to avoid certain dangerous actions and bad living habits.
In this embodiment, when the upper computer processing unit 220 sends the prompting signal, preferably, information about the relationship between the intraocular pressure data in three directions in space can be given at the same time, and the monitored person can make a judgment according to the information and by combining whether the monitored person is in a motion state, so as to distinguish the intraocular pressure abnormality or the pressure sensor failure.
1.5 internal portion of body is provided with a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor
For example, as shown in fig. 8, the pressure sensor 111a is used for detecting intraocular pressure, the temperature sensor 112a is used for detecting internal temperature, so when the monitoring unit 110 comprises both the pressure sensor 111a and the temperature sensor 112a, the information fusion of these sensors by the upper computer processing unit 220 can effectively monitor the influence of the internal temperature change of the monitored person on the intraocular pressure, for example, the condition when the monitored person has fever; on the other hand, the temperature drift of the pressure sensor 111a can be corrected, so that the monitoring accuracy can be improved.
The monitoring unit 110 of the in-vivo part comprises a pressure sensor 111a and a temperature sensor 112a, wherein the pressure sensor 111a can convert the intraocular pressure parameter of the monitored person into a corresponding electric signal, the temperature sensor 112a can convert the temperature parameter in the monitored person into a corresponding electric signal, the energy receiving and supplying unit 140 is connected with the signal transferring unit 210 in a coil coupling manner (preferably in a Near Field Communication (NFC) manner), the signal transferring unit 210 transmits the electric signal collected by the monitoring unit 110 to the upper computer processing unit 220, and the upper computer processing unit 220 processes the signal collected by the monitoring unit 110 by utilizing an information fusion technology, so that the intraocular pressure and the in-vivo temperature of the monitored person can be obtained in real time. When the pressure sensor 111a in the body has an error in temperature drift due to a change in temperature in the body, the upper computer processing unit 220 may correct the temperature drift due to a change in temperature in the body of the pressure sensor 111a by the temperature sensor 112a, for example, when the temperature drift of the pressure sensor 111a is a mmHg/°c and the temperature in the body rises by b°c, and when the pressure value displayed by the pressure sensor 111a is cmmmhg, the correction value of the pressure value measured by the pressure sensor 111a is (C-AB) mmHg. After the pressure value measured by the pressure sensor 111a is corrected, whether the intraocular pressure is abnormal or not is judged, so that the monitoring accuracy of the intraocular pressure monitoring system of the present invention is improved.
1.6 internal portion of body six pressure sensors are arranged
Preferably, as shown in fig. 9, the monitoring unit 110 includes six pressure sensors 111a, 111b, 111c, 111d, 111e and 111f, each of which is disposed on three sides of the monitoring unit 110 perpendicular to each other, that is, the first set of pressure sensors 111a and 111b are disposed in parallel on a first side of the monitoring unit 110, the second set of pressure sensors 111c and 111d are disposed in parallel on a second side of the monitoring unit 110, the third set of pressure sensors 111e and 111f are disposed in parallel on a third side of the monitoring unit 110, normal directions of the three sides are respectively directed in three directions of the spatial coordinate system, and measurement directions of the three sets of pressure sensors are respectively directed in three directions of the spatial coordinate system, each of which is perpendicular to each other. Each of the six pressure sensors 111a, 111b, 111c, 111d, 111e and 111f may measure an intraocular pressure parameter of a subject in one direction and convert the intraocular pressure parameter into a corresponding electrical signal, the monitoring unit 110 is connected with the signal relay unit 210 in a coil coupling manner (preferably in a Near Field Communication (NFC) manner), the signal relay unit 210 transmits the electrical signal collected by the monitoring unit 110 to the upper computer processing unit 220, and the upper computer processing unit 220 processes the signal collected by the monitoring unit 110 by using an information fusion technology, thereby monitoring the intraocular pressure dynamic change in three directions in real time, so as to evaluate the influence of the dynamic intraocular pressure on glaucoma, and simultaneously evaluate the intraocular pressure fluctuation condition of the subject.
Alternatively, the six pressure sensors 111a, 111b, 111c, 111d, 111e, and 111f may be disposed on six different sides of the monitoring unit 110, respectively, the normal directions of the six different sides facing the positive and negative directions of the three coordinate axes of the spatial coordinate system, respectively, and thus, the measurement directions of the six pressure sensors also face the positive and negative directions of the three coordinate axes of the spatial coordinate system, respectively, whereby the monitoring unit 110 may obtain the intraocular pressure values in the six directions, and also may evaluate the influence of dynamic intraocular pressure on glaucoma, while evaluating the intraocular pressure fluctuation condition of the monitored person.
Specifically, since the actual intraocular pressure of the subject is the sum of the intraocular pressure at rest and the dynamic pressure caused by movement, in the above two embodiments, for example, the intraocular pressure data measured by the six pressure sensors 111a, 111b, 111c, 111d, 111e, and 111f at a certain time are a1mmHg, a2mmHg, b1mmHg, b2mmHg, c1mmHg, and c2mmHg, respectively, when the subject is stationary and each pressure sensor is normal, the intraocular pressure data measured by the six pressure sensors should satisfy a1=a2=b1=b2=c1=c2, in which case an intraocular pressure abnormality can be diagnosed if any one of the following three conditions is satisfied:
(1) The intraocular pressure exceeds a mmhg,
(2) The difference between the intraocular pressure and the intraocular pressure is larger than b millimeters of mercury,
(3) the difference in intraocular pressure exceeds c mmHg at t1 hour;
wherein t1=1 to 100, a=3 to 80, b=3 to 10, c=3 to 30.
If a1=a2 > b1=b2 > c1=c2, it indicates that the subject is in motion at this time, and the intraocular pressure fluctuates with the motion, and the fluctuation also presses the optic nerve to induce or aggravate glaucoma, in which case, if any one of the following three conditions is met, it can be diagnosed as abnormal intraocular pressure:
(1) The intraocular pressure exceeds a mmhg,
(2) The difference between the intraocular pressure and the intraocular pressure is larger than b millimeters of mercury,
(3) the difference in intraocular pressure exceeds c mmHg at t1 hour;
wherein t1=1 to 100, a=3 to 80, b=3 to 10, c=3 to 30.
When the consistency of the two sets of intraocular pressure data measured by the two pressure sensors in the same direction in space is not good, for example, when a certain monitored person is stationary, the two sets of intraocular pressure data measured by the first set of pressure sensors 111a and 111b are a1mmHg and a2mmHg respectively, and a1> a2, it is indicated that the consistency of the first set of pressure sensors 111a and 111b is problematic at this time, the reliability of at least one of the two sets of intraocular pressure data is to be checked, and the monitored person needs to timely contact with a doctor to calibrate the pressure sensor in the body, so that the intraocular pressure data of the monitored person can be corrected, or the erroneous intraocular pressure data of the monitored person can be eliminated, thereby further improving the reliability and precision of the intraocular pressure monitoring system. Therefore, the intraocular pressure monitoring system can accurately monitor the intraocular pressure fluctuation condition of the monitored person, and can distinguish a part of reasons causing the intraocular pressure fluctuation, so that the monitored person is timely reminded to avoid certain dangerous actions and bad living habits.
1.7 internal portion of body three pressure sensors, an acceleration sensor and a gyro sensor are arranged
Preferably, as shown in fig. 10, the monitoring unit 110 includes three pressure sensors 111a, 111b, and 111c, which are respectively disposed on three sides of the monitoring unit 110 perpendicular to each other, that is, measurement directions of the three pressure sensors are perpendicular to each other, respectively toward three directions of a spatial coordinate system; meanwhile, the monitoring unit 110 further includes an acceleration sensor 113a and a gyro sensor 114a, wherein the acceleration sensor 113a and the gyro sensor 114a are disposed on one of the three sides described above, for example, on the same side as the pressure sensor 111 a. Each of the pressure sensors 111a, 111b, and 111c may convert an intraocular pressure parameter of the subject into a corresponding electrical signal, the acceleration sensor 113a may convert an acceleration parameter of the body of the subject into a corresponding electrical signal, and the gyro sensor 114a may convert an angular velocity parameter of the subject into a corresponding electrical signal. The monitoring unit 110 is connected with the signal relay unit 210 in a coil coupling manner (preferably, in a Near Field Communication (NFC)) manner, the signal relay unit 210 transmits an electrical signal collected by the monitoring unit 110 to the upper computer processing unit 220, and the upper computer processing unit 220 processes the signal collected by the monitoring unit 110 by using an information fusion technology, so that the intraocular pressure under various accelerations and angular speeds, that is, the influence of information such as the body position and the movement state of a monitored person on the change of the eye pressure, can be obtained in real time. Therefore, the intraocular pressure monitoring system can accurately monitor the intraocular pressure fluctuation condition of the monitored person, and can distinguish a part of reasons causing the intraocular pressure fluctuation, so that the monitored person is timely reminded to avoid certain dangerous actions and bad living habits.
1.8 in vivo part is arranged with a pressure sensor, a heart rate sensor and a blood sugar sensor
Preferably, as shown in fig. 11, the monitoring unit 110 includes a pressure sensor 111a, a heart rate sensor 116a and a blood glucose sensor 117a. Wherein pressure sensor 111a may convert the tonus parameter of the subject to a corresponding electrical signal, heart rate sensor 116a may convert the heart rate parameter of the subject's body to a corresponding electrical signal, and blood glucose sensor 117a may convert the blood glucose parameter of the subject to a corresponding electrical signal. The monitoring unit 110 is connected with the signal relay unit 210 in a coil coupling manner (preferably, in a Near Field Communication (NFC) manner), the signal relay unit 210 transmits an electrical signal collected by the monitoring unit 110 to the upper computer processing unit 220, and the upper computer processing unit 220 processes the signal collected by the monitoring unit 110 by using an information fusion technology, so that the influence of various heart rates and intraocular pressure under blood sugar, that is, the influence of information such as the body position and the movement state of a monitored person on the change of eye pressure, can be obtained in real time. Therefore, the intraocular pressure monitoring system can accurately monitor the intraocular pressure fluctuation condition of the monitored person, and can distinguish a part of reasons causing the intraocular pressure fluctuation, so that the monitored person is timely reminded to avoid certain dangerous actions and bad living habits.
2. Multiple and multiple drainage tubes (or nails)
In the intraocular pressure monitoring system, the types and the number of the drainage tubes (or drainage nails) can be matched according to the needs to obtain different monitoring effects, and the embodiment is as follows:
2.1 monitoring System for monitoring intraocular pressure and intracranial pressure in real time
The Wang Ningli subject group found for the first time that the intracranial pressure was low in normal tension glaucoma patients and high in ocular hypertension patients through prospective studies. The increase in pressure difference between intraocular pressure and intracranial pressure before and after the lamina cribosa was subsequently confirmed in clinical control studies, animal model studies and validation studies in the natural population, resulting in glaucomatous optic nerve damage. However, the monitoring system in the prior art cannot monitor the intraocular pressure and the intracranial pressure at the same time, and thus the present invention provides a monitoring system that can monitor the intraocular pressure and the intracranial pressure in real time.
The system is shown in fig. 1, and includes an in-vivo part 100 and an in-vitro part 200, wherein the in-vivo part 100 includes a monitoring unit 110, a signal conditioning unit 120, a wireless communication unit 130 and an energy receiving and supplying unit 140, and the in-vitro part includes a signal transferring unit 210, an upper computer processing unit 220 and a cloud processing unit 230. The monitoring unit 110 is shown in fig. 12, and is implantable in the body of a subject (e.g., glaucoma patient), wherein the intraocular pressure monitoring module 111 and the intracranial pressure monitoring module 115 are inserted into the eyeball (preferably the anterior chamber) through a drainage tube (or drainage pin) 150 and into the cranial cavity (preferably the ventricle) through a drainage tube (or drainage pin) 152, respectively, so that the intraocular pressure and the intracranial pressure of the subject can be detected, respectively. And the detection data is processed by the signal conditioning unit 120 and then sent to the signal relay unit 210 by the wireless communication unit 130. Wherein the monitoring unit 110 comprises at least one intraocular pressure monitoring module 111 and one intracranial pressure monitoring module 115, the intraocular pressure monitoring module 111 comprising at least one pressure sensor 111a; and/or, the intracranial pressure monitoring module 115 comprises at least one pressure sensor 115a; the signal relay unit 210 is configured to send the data from the monitoring unit 110 to the upper computer processing unit 220; the upper computer processing unit 220 is configured to analyze and process the received detection data of different sensors by using an information fusion technology, and send a prompt signal when the processing result indicates that the intraocular pressure or/and intracranial pressure is abnormal.
The intraocular pressure or/and intracranial pressure monitoring system can accurately detect the intraocular pressure or/and intracranial pressure data of a monitored person through the monitoring unit 110, and the upper computer processing unit 220 performs fusion processing and analysis on the information of a plurality of sensors, so that the reliability and the measurement precision of intraocular pressure or/and intracranial pressure monitoring can be improved, and prompt signals can be timely sent out to prompt the monitored person to take measures as early as possible under the condition that the detected data indicate that the intraocular pressure or/and intracranial pressure is abnormal, so that the damage of optic nerves is avoided, and the real-time and convenient monitoring requirement of glaucoma patients on intraocular environments or/and intracranial environments is met.
2.2 intraocular pressure monitoring System Using two or more drainage tubes
The system is shown in fig. 1, and includes an in-vivo part 100 and an in-vitro part 200, wherein the in-vivo part 100 includes a monitoring unit 110, a signal conditioning unit 120, a wireless communication unit 130 and an energy receiving and supplying unit 140, and the in-vitro part 200 includes a signal transit unit 210, an upper computer processing unit 220 and a cloud processing unit 230. The monitoring unit 110 is shown in fig. 13, which is implantable in the body of a subject (e.g., glaucoma patient), wherein the intraocular pressure monitoring module 111 is inserted into the eyeball (preferably the anterior chamber) through two or more drainage tubes 150a, 150b, 150c, etc., so that the intraocular pressure of the subject can be detected and the probability of failure due to blockage of the monitoring unit 110 can be reduced. In addition, the detection data is processed by the signal conditioning unit 120, and then transmitted to the signal relay unit 210 by the wireless communication unit 130. Wherein the monitoring unit 110 comprises at least one intraocular pressure monitoring module 111, the intraocular pressure monitoring module 111 comprising at least one pressure sensor 111a; the signal relay unit 210 is configured to send the data from the monitoring unit 110 to the upper computer processing unit 220; the upper computer processing unit 220 is configured to analyze and process the received detection data of different sensors by using an information fusion technology, and send a prompt signal when the processing result indicates that the intraocular pressure is abnormal.
The intraocular pressure monitoring system can accurately detect the intraocular pressure data of a monitored person through the combination of the monitoring unit 110 and two or more drainage tubes, and when one drainage tube is blocked, other drainage tubes can conduct drainage normally so as to prolong the service life and improve the reliability of the intraocular pressure monitoring system.
2.3 intraocular pressure monitoring System Using two or more branched drainage tubes
The system is shown in fig. 1, and includes an in-vivo part 100 and an in-vitro part 200, wherein the in-vivo part 100 includes a monitoring unit 110, a signal conditioning unit 120, a wireless communication unit 130 and an energy receiving and supplying unit 140, and the in-vitro part 200 includes a signal transit unit 210, an upper computer processing unit 220 and a cloud processing unit 230. The monitoring unit 110 may be implanted in a subject (e.g., glaucoma patient) as shown in fig. 14, wherein the intraocular pressure monitoring module 111 is inserted into the eyeball (preferably the anterior chamber) using two or more branched drainage tubes 151, so that the intraocular pressure of the subject can be detected and the probability of failure due to blockage of the monitoring unit 110 can be reduced. In addition, the detection data is processed 120 by the signal conditioning unit and then sent to the signal relay unit 210 by the wireless communication unit 130. Wherein the monitoring unit 110 includes at least one intraocular pressure monitoring module 111, and the intraocular pressure monitoring module 111 includes two or more pressure sensors 111a; the signal relay unit 210 is configured to send the data from the monitoring unit 110 to the upper computer processing unit 220; the upper computer processing unit 220 is configured to analyze and process the received detection data of different sensors by using an information fusion technology, and send a prompt signal when the processing result indicates that the intraocular pressure is abnormal.
The intraocular pressure monitoring system can accurately detect the intraocular pressure data of a monitored person through the monitoring unit 110, and when the drainage tube of one branch is blocked, the drainage tubes of other branches can also drain normally, so that the service life and the reliability of the intraocular pressure monitoring system are improved. In addition, compared with the drainage mode of the intraocular pressure monitoring system adopting two or more drainage tubes, the branched drainage mode reduces the number of the drainage tubes inserted into the anterior chamber, so that the damage of a monitored person can be reduced.
In particular, the plurality of sensors in the intraocular pressure monitoring system can be formed by installing single sensors one by one, and a chip (device) can be manufactured in an integrated manufacturing mode, so that the volume is reduced, and the reliability is improved.
On the basis of the above work, a second aspect of the present invention provides an intraocular pressure monitoring method employing the intraocular pressure monitoring system of the present invention as described above, and preferably as shown in fig. 15, comprising the steps of:
s10, the in-vivo part monitors the intraocular pressure of a monitored person and converts a pressure signal into an electric signal;
s20, the in-vivo part sends monitoring data to the signal transit unit 210;
s30, the signal transit unit 210 sends the data from the monitoring unit 110 to the upper computer processing unit 220;
S40, the upper computer processing unit 220 analyzes and processes the received data by utilizing an information fusion technology;
s50, the upper computer processing unit 220 comprehensively judges whether the intraocular pressure is abnormal or not through a certain algorithm according to the data of the two or more pressure sensors, and sends out a prompt signal when the intraocular pressure is confirmed to be abnormal.
Preferably, the reliability of the in-vivo sensor is judged according to the error analysis theory by multiple groups of intraocular pressure data detected by two or more pressure sensors in the monitoring unit, and when an abnormality occurs, a monitored person needs to timely contact a doctor to calibrate the in-vivo pressure sensor, so that the intraocular pressure data of the monitored person can be corrected, or the erroneous intraocular pressure data of the monitored person can be eliminated; in this embodiment, preferably, the average value of the intraocular pressure data detected by two or more pressure sensors in the monitoring unit 110 is mmhg, if the difference between the intraocular pressure data n detected by any one pressure sensor in the monitoring unit 110 and the average value M is > dmhg, where d is a preset deviation value, preferably d is greater than or equal to 0.1, it is indicated that the reliability of the pressure sensor in the body is to be checked, and the subject needs to timely contact with the doctor to calibrate the pressure sensor in the body, so that the intraocular pressure data of the subject can be corrected, or the erroneous intraocular pressure data of the subject can be excluded; d is less than 0.1, the in-vivo sensor can work normally, and the intraocular pressure is the average value of pressure data;
Preferably, the measurement accuracy of the in-vivo pressure sensor is improved according to a multi-sensor weighted fusion algorithm by multiple groups of intraocular pressure data detected by two or more pressure sensors in the monitoring unit, the weighting coefficient of each pressure sensor can be determined according to the measurement variance of each pressure sensor, and finally the intraocular pressure data is fused; in this embodiment, preferably, the measurement equation of the monitoring unit 110 is expressed as follows:
y＝H·x+e
wherein x is the state to be measured, Y= [ Y ] 1 y 2 y 3 ···y n ] T For an n-dimensional measurement vector, e= [ e ] 1 e 2 e 3 ···e n ] T Measuring noise vectors for n dimensions, where e i Independent of each other and satisfyWhere i=1, 2, …, n; />Variance for each signal source; h is a known n×1-dimensional measurement matrix, h= [1 … 1] T 。
Under the principle of linear minimum variance estimation, the weighted fusion estimation value is as follows:
wherein the weight coefficient calculation formula is:
/>
the weighted fusion error is mean square error, and the specific form is as follows:
important conclusions of weighted fusion can be obtained according to the above formula: the sensor with poor precision can improve the precision of the fusion result when participating in weighted fusion. Furthermore, the weighted fusion accuracy is actually dependent on the accuracy of the sensor measurement noise variance estimate.
In this embodiment, preferably, the measurement results of the intraocular pressure data detected by the two pressure sensors 111a and 111b employed in the monitoring unit 110 are mmhg and nmmmhg, respectively, and the respective weighting coefficients thereof are K and L can be determined by the measurement variances of the two pressure sensors, so that the intraocular pressure data can be fused into
Preferably, the measurement accuracy of the in-vivo pressure sensor is improved according to a multi-sensor estimation fusion algorithm by multiple groups of intraocular pressure data detected by two or more pressure sensors in the monitoring unit, a corresponding and iterative model can be established according to the measurement data of each sensor, the estimated value and the actual measured value calculated by the model are weighted and averaged, and finally the intraocular pressure data are fused; in this embodiment, preferably, the measurement results of the intraocular pressure data detected by the two pressure sensors 111a and 111b employed in the monitoring unit 110 are mmHg and nmhg, respectively, wherein the data before the pressure sensor 111a can be obtained as a model x (a), the estimated value pmmmhg can be obtained from the model x (a), the data before the pressure sensor 111b can be obtained as a model y (b), the estimated value Q mmHg can be obtained from the model y (b), the weight coefficient of the pressure sensor 111a model can be determined as K by the test variance of the pressure sensor model, the weight coefficient of the pressure sensor 111b model is L, and the intraocular pressure data can be fused as
Preferably, the multiple sets of intraocular pressure data detected by two or more pressure sensors in the monitoring unit improve the measurement accuracy of the in-vivo pressure sensor according to a machine learning method, the multiple sets of intraocular pressure data detected by two or more pressure sensors in the monitoring unit can select a model structure (preferably linear regression, logistic regression, bayesian model, decision tree), then input the model with training data, and then analyze the optimal model by a learning algorithm The model structure is used for taking weighted average of the estimated value and the actual measured value calculated by the optimal model structure and finally fusing intraocular pressure data; in this embodiment, preferably, the measurement results of the intraocular pressure data detected by the two pressure sensors 111a and 111b in the monitoring unit 110 are mmHg and nmmmhg, respectively, where the pressure sensor 111a selects an existing model structure (preferably linear regression, logistic regression, bayesian model, decision tree, etc.), then uses the previous test data input model to analyze an optimal model structure x (a), the estimated value P mmHg is obtained by the model x (a), and similarly the pressure sensor 111b selects a model structure (preferably linear regression, logistic regression, bayesian model, decision tree, etc.), then uses the previous test data input model to analyze an optimal model structure y (b), the estimated value Q mmHg is obtained by the model y (b), the weighting coefficient of the pressure sensor 111a model is K is determined by the test variance of the pressure sensor model, and the weighting coefficient of the pressure sensor 111b model is L, then the intraocular pressure data can be fused to
Preferably, in step S50, the upper computer processing unit 220 determines the fluctuation of the intraocular pressure, and may diagnose the intraocular pressure abnormality when one of the following three conditions is met:
(1) The intraocular pressure exceeds a mmhg,
(2) The difference between the intraocular pressure and the intraocular pressure is larger than b millimeters of mercury,
(3) the difference in intraocular pressure exceeds c mmhg at t1 hours.
In this embodiment, preferably, t1=1 to 100, and/or a=3 to 80, and/or b=3 to 10, and/or c=3 to 30. That is, if the upper computer processing unit 220 judges that the fluctuation range of the intraocular pressure reaches 8mmHg within a predetermined time, for example, within an arbitrary 1 hour or 24 hours, it can be considered that the intraocular pressure is abnormal and a prompt signal is immediately issued. Thus, after the monitored person knows the prompt signal, the monitored person can take corresponding measures to avoid further worsening of the adverse condition.
Preferably, the monitoring unit 110 or the signal relay unit 210 includes at least one acceleration sensor 113a and/or at least one gyro sensor 114a, and for example, as shown in fig. 5, the monitoring unit 110 includes one pressure sensor 111a, one acceleration sensor 113a and one gyro sensor 114a. In this case, in step S50, the upper computer processing unit 220 determines the influence of the acceleration and/or the angular velocity on the intraocular pressure according to the data of the two or more pressure sensors through a comprehensive processing result of a certain algorithm, and sends out a prompt signal when it is determined that the fluctuation of the intraocular pressure along with the acceleration and/or the angular velocity exceeds a predetermined limit.
Preferably, the monitoring unit 110 comprises at least one pressure sensor 111a and at least one temperature sensor 112a, for example as shown in fig. 8. In this case:
in step S10, the monitoring unit 110 further detects an in-vivo temperature of the subject, and converts the temperature signal into an electrical signal;
in step S50, before determining whether the intraocular pressure is abnormal, the upper computer processing unit 220 corrects the temperature drift generated by the pressure sensor 111a according to the temperature change in the body to obtain a corrected pressure value, and then determines whether the intraocular pressure is abnormal according to the corrected pressure value. For example, when the subject burns, the temperature of the pressure sensor 111a drifts to a mmHg/°c, the internal temperature rises to b°c, and when the pressure value displayed by the internal pressure sensor 111a is cmmmhg, the correction value of the pressure value measured by the internal pressure sensor 111a is (C-AB) mmHg.
After the pressure value measured by the pressure sensor 111a is corrected, whether the intraocular pressure is abnormal or not is judged, so that the monitoring accuracy of the intraocular pressure monitoring method of the present invention is improved.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the monitoring unit 110 includes two pressure sensors 111a arranged in parallel. In this case:
In step S10, the monitoring unit 110 detects the intraocular pressure of the subject by using the two pressure sensors 111a, and converts the pressure signals into electrical signals to obtain two sets of intraocular pressure data;
in step S40, the upper computer processing unit 220 performs analysis processing on the received data by using the information fusion technique, and determines the consistency of the two sets of intraocular pressure data, for example, calculates |e-f| > d mmHg whether it is true;
in step S50, when |e-f| > dmmmhg is established, the upper computer processing unit 220 may send a prompt signal that the intraocular pressure data is inconsistent; when |E-F| > dmmHg is not established, the upper computer processing unit 220 judges whether the intraocular pressure is abnormal or not, and sends a prompt signal when the intraocular pressure is confirmed to be abnormal.
Preferably, the intraocular pressure monitoring system includes a cloud processing unit 230; as shown in fig. 16, step S50 further includes the steps of:
s510, the upper computer processing unit 220 transmits the analyzed and processed data and/or the unprocessed data to the cloud processing unit 230;
s520, the cloud processing unit 230 re-analyzes the received data by using an information fusion technology, and feeds back an analysis result to the upper computer processing unit 220;
S530, the upper computer processing unit 220 judges whether the intraocular pressure is abnormal according to the received feedback information, and sends out a prompt signal when the intraocular pressure is confirmed to be abnormal.
By utilizing the powerful computing power of the cloud processing unit 230, more data can be analyzed, processed and queried, so that the method is beneficial to improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of analysis results.
It is easy to understand by those skilled in the art that the above preferred embodiments can be freely combined and overlapped without conflict.
It will be understood that the above-described embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and that all obvious or equivalent modifications and substitutions to the details given above may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the underlying principles of the invention, are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (6)

1. An intraocular pressure monitoring system, comprising an in vivo portion and an in vitro portion, wherein the in vivo portion is used for monitoring intraocular parameters in real time, conditioning signals, transmitting and receiving signals; the external part is used for wirelessly powering the internal part and receiving, information fusion and processing data transmitted by the internal part;
Wherein the in-vivo part comprises at least one monitoring unit, the monitoring unit comprises three pressure sensors perpendicular to each other, and the sensors are used for monitoring intraocular pressure parameters, so that the intraocular pressure monitoring system can monitor intraocular pressure fluctuation conditions of a monitored person, can distinguish a part of reasons causing the intraocular pressure fluctuation, and can also distinguish whether the pressure sensors fail;
the external part comprises at least one multi-sensor information fusion module, and the received data is analyzed and processed through an information fusion technology;
the external part comprises a signal transfer unit and an upper computer processing unit, the signal transfer unit is used for receiving parameter data transmitted by the internal part and transferring the received data to the upper computer processing unit, and the at least one multi-sensor information fusion module is arranged in the upper computer processing unit;
the external part further comprises a cloud processing unit, wherein the cloud processing unit can communicate with the upper computer processing unit so as to receive and store parameter data from the upper computer processing unit, re-analyze the received data by utilizing a multi-sensor information fusion technology and feed back an analysis result to the upper computer processing unit;
The measurement equation expression of the monitoring unit is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,xin order to measure the state quantity to be measured,is thatnDimension measuring vector->Is thatnDimension measuring noise vector, whereine i Independent of each other and satisfy->Whereini=1,2，…，n；/>Variance for each signal source;His known asnThe x 1-dimensional measurement matrix is used,H=[1…1] T 。
2. the intraocular pressure monitoring system of claim 1 wherein,
the monitoring unit further comprises at least one drainage tube, and the drainage tube is connected with at least one pressure sensor in the monitoring unit;
the drainage tube is used for being inserted into an eyeball so as to drain aqueous humor to the monitoring unit.
3. The intraocular pressure monitoring system of claim 1 wherein,
the extracorporeal portion includes at least one sensor.
4. The intraocular pressure monitoring system of claim 3 wherein,
the extracorporeal portion includes at least one pressure sensor for monitoring atmospheric pressure;
and/or the extracorporeal portion comprises at least one acceleration sensor and/or at least one gyroscopic sensor for measuring and/or monitoring the acceleration and/or angular velocity of the body of the subject, such that the tonometric monitoring system is capable of improving the accuracy of tonometric measurements by monitoring the acceleration and/or angular velocity and/or pose of the body of the subject;
And/or the extracorporeal portion comprises at least one temperature sensor for measuring and/or monitoring the temperature of the subject and/or the environment, such that the ocular pressure monitoring system is capable of taking into account or excluding the effect of temperature variations on ocular pressure monitoring.
5. The intraocular pressure monitoring system of claim 1 wherein,
the monitoring unit comprises at least one acceleration sensor and/or at least one gyroscope sensor, and is used for monitoring the acceleration and/or the angular velocity of the head of the monitored person, so that the intraocular pressure monitoring system can monitor the influence of the acceleration and/or the angular velocity on intraocular pressure;
and/or the monitoring unit comprises at least one temperature sensor for monitoring the in vivo temperature of the subject, such that the intraocular pressure monitoring system is capable of monitoring the effect of in vivo temperature changes on intraocular pressure.
6. The intraocular pressure monitoring system of claim 1 wherein,
the signal relay unit is adapted to be worn on the head, chest, torso and/or extremities of the subject.
CN201810911621.3A 2018-08-10 2018-08-10 Intraocular pressure monitoring system and intraocular pressure monitoring method Active CN108992038B (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810911621.3A CN108992038B (en) 2018-08-10 2018-08-10 Intraocular pressure monitoring system and intraocular pressure monitoring method
PCT/CN2019/097210 WO2020029792A1 (en) 2018-08-10 2019-07-23 Intraocular pressure monitoring system and intraocular pressure monitoring method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810911621.3A CN108992038B (en) 2018-08-10 2018-08-10 Intraocular pressure monitoring system and intraocular pressure monitoring method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN108992038A CN108992038A (en) 2018-12-14
CN108992038B true CN108992038B (en) 2023-07-25

Family

ID=64595366

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201810911621.3A Active CN108992038B (en) 2018-08-10 2018-08-10 Intraocular pressure monitoring system and intraocular pressure monitoring method

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN108992038B (en)
WO (1) WO2020029792A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108992038B (en) * 2018-08-10 2023-07-25 清华大学 Intraocular pressure monitoring system and intraocular pressure monitoring method
CN110013232B (en) * 2019-04-28 2021-08-10 南京大学 Eye sensor and preparation method
CN112603258B (en) * 2020-12-08 2022-03-25 南京大学 Intelligent contact lens for monitoring intraocular pressure
CN112773325B (en) * 2020-12-31 2023-08-01 北京市环境保护科学研究院 Early warning method and system for Brazilian tortoise ophthalmia
CN113081028A (en) * 2021-04-19 2021-07-09 中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九0四医院 Gastrointestinal peristalsis sound and patient sign monitoring system
CN113531395B (en) * 2021-06-29 2022-11-22 佛燃能源集团股份有限公司 Real-time monitoring method for purchase-sale gas difference rate of natural gas pipe network

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104274153A (en) * 2014-10-30 2015-01-14 武汉创博达信息科技有限公司 Soft touch type horizontal or vertical intraocular pressure measuring device and method
CN107753026A (en) * 2017-09-28 2018-03-06 古琳达姬（厦门）股份有限公司 For the intelligent shoe self-adaptive monitoring method of backbone leg health

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6890300B2 (en) * 2002-08-27 2005-05-10 Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University Implantable microscale pressure sensor system for pressure monitoring and management
US20110160609A1 (en) * 2009-12-29 2011-06-30 Stone Robert T Method and system for monitoring pressure in a body cavity
DE102010035294A1 (en) * 2010-08-25 2011-12-22 Implandata Ophthalmic Products Gmbh Sclera sensor
EP2517619B1 (en) * 2011-04-27 2013-05-22 Istar Medical Improvements in or relating to glaucoma management and treatment
BR112014028784B1 (en) * 2012-05-21 2022-02-08 Sensimed Sa INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE MONITORING AND/OR MEASUREMENT SYSTEM AND INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE MEASUREMENT DEVICE
CN106714666A (en) * 2014-07-01 2017-05-24 注射感知股份有限公司 Ultra low power charging implant sensors with wireless interface for patient monitoring
EP4242614A3 (en) * 2014-07-01 2023-11-29 Injectsense, Inc. Hermetically sealed implant sensors with vertical stacking architecture
EP3311736B1 (en) * 2015-06-19 2021-05-26 Shinano Kenshi Co., Ltd. Biological information acquiring device
EP3135186B1 (en) * 2015-08-28 2020-09-30 Heraeus Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG Implantable sensor
CN108024708B (en) * 2015-09-03 2020-08-25 佛拓诺公司 Intraocular pressure measurement method and arrangement for measuring pressure of an eye
CN108992038B (en) * 2018-08-10 2023-07-25 清华大学 Intraocular pressure monitoring system and intraocular pressure monitoring method

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104274153A (en) * 2014-10-30 2015-01-14 武汉创博达信息科技有限公司 Soft touch type horizontal or vertical intraocular pressure measuring device and method
CN107753026A (en) * 2017-09-28 2018-03-06 古琳达姬（厦门）股份有限公司 For the intelligent shoe self-adaptive monitoring method of backbone leg health

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2020029792A1 (en) 2020-02-13
CN108992038A (en) 2018-12-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN108992038B (en) Intraocular pressure monitoring system and intraocular pressure monitoring method
US10206570B2 (en) Adaptive wireless body networks
US20190380624A1 (en) Blood pressure measuring apparatus and blood pressure measuring method
JP4528766B2 (en) System for remote hemodynamic monitoring
US20180263518A1 (en) Pulse wave transit time measurement device and living body state estimation device
WO2011024425A1 (en) Organism information detection device and motion sensor
WO2018036474A1 (en) Heart rate measurement method and device, and wearable apparatus
US20210169369A1 (en) Device and methods for deriving a respiration rate from multiple biometric sources
US20170049395A1 (en) Neuro-vigilance integrated contact eye lens and system
US20190374124A1 (en) Bridge connectors employing flexible planar bodies having signal pathways coupling control devices with biometric sensors
CN109009038A (en) Health monitoring shoes
US20140200413A1 (en) Biological information management module, sleep monitor, and control apparatus
CN104983395A (en) Intraocular pressure real-time measuring apparatus and method based on conjunctival sac pressure detection
KR102328858B1 (en) Apparatus for monitoring head position
US20220313137A1 (en) A portable ecg device and an ecg system comprising the portable ecg device
KR101869870B1 (en) Non-Stop Guarantee Type Smart Patch
WO2018006236A1 (en) Fetal movement measuring device
WO2018096631A1 (en) Data processing device, computer readable medium, data processing method, and program
CN113520804A (en) A recovered and complication monitoring devices that is used for hip fracture postoperative
US20180140202A1 (en) Apparatus, computer-readable medium, and method for detecting biological data of target patient from attachable sensor attached to target patient
US20180140193A1 (en) Apparatus, computer-readable medium, and method for detecting biological data of target patient from attachable sensor attached to target patient
US20230355148A1 (en) Assessement of performance of an implanted sensor
US20230290497A1 (en) Implantable sensor device
CN116546917A (en) Integrated monitoring system
CN116584896A (en) Vital sign monitoring transmission system

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant