CN108987451B - Display panel, control method thereof and display device - Google Patents
Display panel, control method thereof and display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108987451B CN108987451B CN201810861837.3A CN201810861837A CN108987451B CN 108987451 B CN108987451 B CN 108987451B CN 201810861837 A CN201810861837 A CN 201810861837A CN 108987451 B CN108987451 B CN 108987451B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/50—OLEDs integrated with light modulating elements, e.g. with electrochromic elements, photochromic elements or liquid crystal elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
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- H10K50/86—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light
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- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/86—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light
- H10K50/865—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light comprising light absorbing layers, e.g. light-blocking layers
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- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
- H10K59/38—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising colour filters or colour changing media [CCM]
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Abstract
The invention provides a display panel, a control method thereof and a display device. The display panel includes: a substrate having a plurality of pixel regions provided on one surface thereof; the OLED devices are arranged in the effective light transmission area of the pixel area in a one-to-one correspondence mode; the color film layer is arranged on one side of the light-emitting direction of the OLED device and comprises a plurality of color filters, and the orthographic projection of each color filter on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of an effective light-transmitting area on the substrate; the plurality of electrochromic layers are arranged on one side, far away from and/or close to the OLED device, of the color film layer, and the orthographic projection of each electrochromic layer on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of an area, which is not covered by the black matrix, in one pixel area on the substrate. Therefore, the display panel has low reflectivity of ambient light and high picture contrast.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a display panel, a control method thereof and a display device.
Background
With the rapid development of liquid crystal display technology, the development of OLED (organic light emitting diode) products is increasing, and the COE (CF on EL) technology, which is one of the schemes of OLED display panels, is more and more emphasized, where the COE technology refers to directly forming a Color Filter (CF) including a Black Matrix (BM) and disposed on the same layer as the Black Matrix (BM) on an encapsulation thin film layer or a flat layer in the light emitting direction of an OLED device, for example, a display panel for top emission, that is, directly forming the color filter on the encapsulated OLED device by photolithography. According to the technical scheme, the circular polarizer of the conventional OLED device is eliminated, when the flexible display is used for the flexible display, the bending flexible characteristic of the OLED device can be well realized, meanwhile, the circular polarizer used for eliminating the ambient light in the original OLED display panel can be eliminated due to the absorption effect of the BM and CF color films on the ambient light, the light-emitting utilization rate of the OLED device is improved under the condition that the ambient light reflectivity level is consistent, and the light-emitting utilization rate of the OLED device is improved to 57% from 42%. However, in order to pursue a better display effect, ambient light needs to be further eliminated, the reflectivity of the ambient light is reduced, and the light extraction utilization rate of the OLED device is improved.
Therefore, research on display panels is awaited.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a display panel having advantages of low ambient light reflectivity, high light extraction efficiency, high aperture ratio, low power consumption, good display screen, and long service life.
In one aspect of the invention, a display panel is provided. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the display panel includes: a substrate having a plurality of pixel regions provided on one surface thereof; the OLED devices are arranged in the effective light transmission area of the pixel area in a one-to-one correspondence mode; the color film layer is arranged on one side of the light-emitting direction of the OLED device and comprises a plurality of color filters, and the orthographic projection of each color filter on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of one effective light-transmitting area on the substrate; the plurality of electrochromic layers are arranged on one side, far away from and/or close to the OLED device, of the color film layer, and the orthographic projection of each electrochromic layer on the substrate covers one orthographic projection of an area, which is not covered by the black matrix, in the pixel area on the substrate. Therefore, for each pixel region, when the OLED device in the pixel region is in a light-emitting state, the electrochromic layer is controlled to be in a colorless transparent state, so that light emitted by the OLED device is emitted, and a picture is displayed; when the OLED device in the pixel region is in a non-luminous state, the electrochromic layer is controlled to be black, and the electrochromic layer can be used as a black matrix and used for absorbing ambient light in an effective light-transmitting region in the pixel region, so that the reflectivity of the ambient light is reduced, and the contrast of a picture is improved.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the black matrix and the color film layer are disposed in the same layer, the black matrix defines a plurality of openings, the plurality of color filters are correspondingly disposed in the plurality of openings, and an orthographic projection of each of the electrochromic layers on the substrate overlaps with an orthographic projection of one of the openings on the substrate.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the display panel is not provided with the black matrix, and an orthographic projection of each of the electrochromic layers on the substrate covers an orthographic projection of one of the pixel regions on the substrate.
According to an embodiment of the invention, each of the electrochromic layers comprises: a first sub-electrochromic layer whose orthographic projection on the substrate overlaps with the orthographic projection of the effective light-transmitting region on the substrate; a second sub-electrochromic layer whose orthographic projection on the substrate overlaps with an orthographic projection of a non-light-transmitting region of one of the pixel regions on the substrate.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the OLED device is a top-emitting OLED device, and the display panel further includes: the first packaging film is arranged on the surface, far away from the substrate, of the OLED device, and the color film layer is arranged on the surface, far away from the substrate, of the first packaging film; the first flat layer is arranged on the surface, far away from the substrate, of the color film layer, and the electrochromic layer is arranged on the surface, far away from the substrate, of the first flat layer; a second planar layer disposed on a surface of the first planar layer distal from the substrate and overlying the electrochromic layer.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the OLED device is a bottom-emitting OLED device, the electrochromic layer is disposed on the first surface of the substrate, and the display panel further includes: a third flat layer disposed on the first surface and overlying the electrochromic layer; a thin film transistor array disposed on a surface of the third planarization layer remote from the substrate; the fourth flat layer is arranged on the surface, far away from the substrate, of the third flat layer and covers the thin film transistor array, and the color film layer is arranged on the surface, far away from the substrate, of the fourth flat layer; the fifth flat layer is arranged on the surface, far away from the substrate, of the color film layer; a pixel defining layer disposed on a surface of the fifth planar layer remote from the substrate and defining a plurality of pixel openings in which the OLED devices are disposed; a second encapsulation film disposed on a surface of the pixel defining layer remote from the substrate and covering the OLED device.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the electrochromic layer comprises: a first electrode; a second electrode; and an electrochromic material disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode.
In another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method of controlling the display panel described above. According to an embodiment of the invention, the method comprises: for the OLED device and the electrochromic layer in each pixel region, controlling the electrochromic layer to be in a colorless and transparent state when the OLED device is in a light-emitting state; and when the OLED device is in a non-luminous state, controlling the electrochromic layer to be black. Therefore, the state of electrochromism can be flexibly controlled according to whether the OLED device in each pixel region is lightened, when the electrochromism layer is in a colorless transparent state, light emitted by the OLED device can smoothly emit out to display a picture, and when the electrochromism layer is in black, the electrochromism layer can serve as a black matrix and be used for absorbing ambient light in an effective light-transmitting region in the pixel region, so that the reflectivity of the ambient light is reduced, and the contrast of the picture is improved.
According to an embodiment of the invention, each of the electrochromic layers comprises: a first sub-electrochromic layer whose orthographic projection on the substrate overlaps with the orthographic projection of the effective light-transmitting region on the substrate; a second sub-electrochromic layer whose orthographic projection on the substrate overlaps with the orthographic projection of the non-light-transmitting region of one of the pixel regions on the substrate; the method comprises the following steps: for the OLED device and the electrochromic layer in each pixel region, when the OLED device and the OLED device adjacent to the second sub-electrochromic layer are all in a light-emitting state, controlling the first sub-electrochromic layer and the second sub-electrochromic layer to be in a colorless transparent state; when the OLED device is in a light-emitting state and the OLED device adjacent to the second sub-electrochromic layer is in a non-light-emitting state, controlling the first sub-electrochromic layer to be in a colorless transparent state and the second sub-electrochromic layer to be in a black color; when the OLED device is in a non-luminous state and the OLED device adjacent to the second sub-electrochromic layer is in a luminous state, controlling the first sub-electrochromic layer and the second sub-electrochromic layer to be black; and when the OLED device and the OLED device adjacent to the second sub-electrochromic layer are in a non-luminous state, controlling the first sub-electrochromic layer and the second sub-electrochromic layer to be black.
In yet another aspect of the present invention, a display device is provided. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the display device includes the display panel described above. Therefore, the display device has good picture contrast, low power consumption and long service life. Of course, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the display device has all the features and advantages of the display panel described above, and will not be described in any greater detail herein.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrochromic layer in a further embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a partial top view of a display panel in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. The following examples are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. The examples, where specific techniques or conditions are not indicated, are to be construed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available.
In one aspect of the invention, a display panel is provided. According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the display panel includes: a substrate 10 having a plurality of pixel regions provided on one surface of the substrate 10; a plurality of OLED devices 20, the plurality of OLED devices 20 being disposed in the effective light-transmitting region of the pixel region in a one-to-one correspondence; the color film layer 30 is arranged on one side of the light-emitting direction of the OLED device 20, the color film layer 30 comprises a plurality of color filters 31, and the orthographic projection of each color filter 31 on the substrate 10 covers the orthographic projection of an effective light-transmitting area on the substrate 10; a plurality of electrochromic layers 40, wherein the plurality of electrochromic layers 40 are arranged on the side of the color film layer 30 far away from and/or close to the OLED device 20, and the orthographic projection of each electrochromic layer 40 on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of the area which is not covered by the black matrix 32 in one pixel area on the substrate 10. Therefore, an electrochromic layer is correspondingly arranged for each pixel region, the state (colorless and transparent or black) of the electrochromic layer can be independently controlled, and when the OLED device in the pixel region is in a light-emitting state (bright state), the electrochromic layer is controlled to be in the colorless and transparent state, so that light emitted by the OLED device is emitted, and a picture is displayed; when the OLED device in the pixel region is in a non-luminous state (dark state), the electrochromic layer is controlled to be black, and the electrochromic layer can be used as a black matrix to absorb ambient light in an effective light transmission region in the pixel region, so that the reflectivity of the ambient light is reduced, and the image contrast is improved.
The effective light-transmitting region refers to a region where a light-emitting layer is disposed in the OLED device, and a region other than the effective light-transmitting region in one pixel region is a non-light-transmitting region.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the color filter may include a red filter, a blue filter, and a green filter, and may also include a red filter, a blue filter, a green filter, and a yellow filter, which are not limited herein.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the material and method for forming the black matrix are not limited, and those skilled in the art can flexibly select the material and method according to actual needs, and are not limited herein.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, in order to implement control of the electrochromic layer, referring to fig. 3, the electrochromic layer 40 includes: a first electrode 401; a second electrode 403; and an electrochromic material 402, the electrochromic material 402 being disposed between the first electrode 401 and the second electrode 403. Thereby, it is possible to control the electrochromic layer to achieve a colorless transparent state or a black state by changing the voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode. The specific material forming the electrochromic material is not limited as long as its color state (colorless transparency or black) can be controlled by controlling the voltage. In embodiments of the present invention, the electrochromic material is selected from inorganic electrochromic materials or organic electrochromic materials, wherein the inorganic electrochromic materials include, but are not limited to, tungsten trioxide; the organic electrochromic material includes, but is not limited to, polythiophene and its derivatives, viologen, tetrathiafulvalene, and metal phthalocyanine compounds. According to the embodiment of the present invention, a person skilled in the art can flexibly select a method for forming an electrochromic layer in the conventional technology according to actual requirements, in this application, a first electrode and a second electrode are formed in a line, and then an electrochromic material is injected by a dropping method to form the electrochromic layer.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, in order to make light emitted from the OLED device transmit through the electrochromic layer, the first electrode and the second electrode are transparent electrodes, and in an embodiment of the present invention, a material forming the first electrode and the second electrode includes, but is not limited to, Indium Tin Oxide (ITO).
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the specific structure of the OLED device is not limited, and those skilled in the art can flexibly select an OLED device with a conventional structure according to actual requirements. In some embodiments of the present invention, the OLED device includes an anode and a cathode (reflective electrode) and a light emitting layer disposed between the cathode and the anode, or includes an anode, a Hole Transport Layer (HTL), a light Emitting Layer (EL) and an Electron Transport Layer (ETL), a cathode, or includes a cathode, an electron injection layer, an electron transport layer, a light emitting layer, a hole transport layer, a hole injection layer, and an anode, wherein the anode is a transparent electrode, the anode is formed of a material including but not limited to ITO, the cathode is an opaque reflective electrode, and the cathode is formed of a material including but not limited to a metal or an alloy.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the specific type of the OLED device is not limited, and those skilled in the art can design the OLED device flexibly according to actual requirements. In some embodiments of the present invention, the OLED device may be a top-emitting OLED device (the schematic structural diagram of the display panel refers to fig. 1) or a bottom-emitting OLED device (the schematic structural diagram of the display panel refers to fig. 2), and the following describes in detail a specific structure of the display panel when the OLED device is a top-emitting OLED device or a bottom-emitting OLED device according to some embodiments:
in some embodiments of the present invention, the OLED device is a top-emitting OLED device, and referring to fig. 1, the display panel further includes: a first encapsulation film 50, the first encapsulation film 50 being disposed on a surface of the OLED device 20 (the OLED device includes a cathode 21, an anode 22 and a light-emitting layer 23, and a pixel defining layer 80 is disposed on the same layer as the OLED device) away from the substrate 10 (a thin film transistor 13 may be further disposed on the surface of the substrate, and an insulating layer 14 covering the thin film transistor 13, wherein a drain of the thin film transistor is electrically connected to the cathode of the OLED device through a via hole), and the color film layer 30 being disposed on a surface of the first encapsulation film 50 away from the substrate 10; a first flat layer 60, the first flat layer 60 being disposed on a surface of the color film layer 30 away from the substrate 10 (when the display panel has the black matrix 32, the first flat layer 60 is disposed on a surface of the color film layer 30 and the black matrix 32 away from the substrate 10), the electrochromic layer 40 being disposed on a surface of the first flat layer 60 away from the substrate 10; a second planarization layer 70, the second planarization layer 70 being disposed on the surface of the first planarization layer 60 remote from the substrate 10 and covering the electrochromic layer 40.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, in order to improve the performance of the display panel, a light-shielding layer and a buffer layer may be further included between the substrate 10 and the thin film transistor 13, wherein the light-shielding layer is disposed on a surface of the substrate 10, and the buffer layer is disposed on a surface of the light-shielding layer away from the substrate. According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the display panel is a flexible display panel, a flexible substrate may be further disposed between the substrate and the light-shielding layer.
In other embodiments of the present invention, the OLED device is a bottom-emitting OLED device, and referring to fig. 2, the electrochromic layer 40 is disposed on the first surface 15 of the substrate 10, and the display panel further includes: a third planarization layer 90, the third planarization layer 90 being disposed on the first surface 15 and covering the electrochromic layer 40; an array of thin film transistors 13, the array of thin film transistors 13 being disposed on a surface of the third flat layer 90 remote from the substrate 10; a fourth flat layer 100, wherein the fourth flat layer 100 is arranged on the surface of the third flat layer 90 away from the substrate and covers the thin film transistor 13 array, and the color film layer 30 is arranged on the surface of the fourth flat layer 100 away from the substrate 10; a fifth flat layer 110, wherein the fifth flat layer 110 is disposed on the surface of the color film layer 30 away from the substrate 10 (when the display panel has the black matrix 32, the fifth flat layer 110 is disposed on the surfaces of the color film layer 30 and the black matrix 32 away from the substrate 10); a pixel defining layer 80, the pixel defining layer 80 being disposed on a surface of the fifth planarization layer 110 away from the substrate 10 and defining a plurality of pixel openings, an OLED device 20 (the OLED device includes a cathode 21, an anode 22, and a light-emitting layer 23, wherein the anode 22 may be disposed as a planar electrode, disposed between the fifth planarization layer 110 and the pixel defining layer 80, and electrically connected to a drain electrode (not shown) of a thin film transistor through a via hole) -one being disposed in the pixel opening; and a second encapsulation film 120, wherein the second encapsulation film 120 is arranged on the surface of the pixel defining layer 80 far away from the substrate 10 and covers the OLED device 20. Further, a sixth planarization layer (not shown) may be formed on a side of the pixel defining layer away from the substrate to facilitate the preparation of the subsequent structure.
It should be noted that the cross-sectional view of fig. 2 is not a cross-sectional view along the same plane, but a cross-sectional view along line AA' in fig. 4, wherein the anode is electrically connected to the drain electrode (not shown) of the thin film transistor through the via 130.
According to the embodiment of the invention, in order to improve the use performance of the display panel, a light-shielding layer and a buffer layer may be further included between the third flat layer 130 and the thin film transistor 13, wherein the light-shielding layer is disposed on a surface of the third flat layer 130, and the buffer layer is disposed on a surface of the light-shielding layer away from the substrate. According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the display panel is a flexible display panel, a flexible substrate may be further disposed on the first surface 15 of the substrate.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, specific materials and methods for forming the first packaging film, the second packaging film, the first flat layer, the second flat layer, the third flat layer, the fourth flat layer, the fifth flat layer, the sixth flat layer, the pixel defining layer, the buffer layer, the light shielding layer, and the flexible substrate are not limited, and those skilled in the art may select conventionally used materials and forming methods, which are not limited herein. According to the embodiment of the invention, in order to increase the aperture ratio of the display panel and improve the light extraction efficiency on the basis of reducing the reflectivity of the ambient light, referring to fig. 5 and fig. 6 (only one pixel region and a part of the pixel region adjacent to the pixel region are shown in the figures), the black matrix 32 and the color film layer 30 are arranged in the same layer, the black matrix 32 defines a plurality of openings 321, a plurality of color filters 31 are correspondingly arranged in the plurality of openings 321, and the orthographic projection of each electrochromic layer 40 on the substrate 10 is overlapped with the orthographic projection of one opening 321 on the substrate 10. Therefore, when the OLED device is in a light-emitting state, the electrochromic layer 40 is controlled to be in a colorless transparent state, the area of the black matrix is reduced, the emitting area of light emitted by the OLED device is increased, the aperture opening ratio of the display panel is increased, and the light-emitting utilization rate is improved.
In the above example, referring to fig. 5 and 6, the electrochromic layer 40 in each pixel region may be divided into two separately controllable sub-coloring layers, i.e., a first sub-coloring layer 43 and a second sub-coloring layer 44: in some examples, two sub-electrochromic layers may be disposed on the side of the color film layer 30 (or the color filter 31) away from the OLED device 20 as a whole (see fig. 5), so that the electrochromic layers in each pixel are disposed in the same layer for ease of fabrication; in other examples, the first sub-coloration layer 43 is on the side of the color film layer 30 (or the color filter 31) away from the OLED device 20, and the orthographic projection of the first sub-coloration layer 43 on the substrate overlaps with the orthographic projection of the effective light-transmitting region on the substrate, and the second sub-coloration layer 44 is disposed on the side of the color film layer 30 (or the color filter 31) close to the OLED device 20 and in the same layer as the black matrix 32 (refer to fig. 6), i.e., the second sub-coloration layer 44 replaces the black matrix covered by the color filter 31 in fig. 1. Therefore, different process setting requirements can be met.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, in order to further increase the aperture ratio, improve the light utilization efficiency, and reduce the ambient light reflectance, referring to fig. 7, 8, and 9, the display panel is not provided with the black matrix, and the orthographic projection of each electrochromic layer 40 on the substrate 10 covers the orthographic projection of one pixel region 11 on the substrate 10. Therefore, when the OLED devices in all the pixel regions are in a light-emitting state, the electrochromic layer is in a colorless transparent state, light emitted by the OLED devices can be emitted and cannot be absorbed or blocked, the aperture opening ratio of the display panel can be greatly improved, and due to the increase of the aperture opening ratio, compared with the prior art without the electrochromic layer, if the same display picture is driven, the display panel consumes lower power, so that the power consumption is reduced, and the service life is prolonged; when the OLED devices in all the pixel regions are in a non-luminous state, all the electrochromic layers are black, which is equivalent to arranging one environmental light absorption layer in the whole pixel region, so that more environmental light can be absorbed, and the reflectivity of the environmental light is reduced. In addition, compared with the prior art without an electrochromic layer, if the aperture ratio is calculated by the area corresponding to the pixel size, and if the size of the black matrix accounts for 50% of the area corresponding to the pixel size, the light-emitting utilization rate and the ambient light absorption rate of the OLED device can be improved by one time.
In the above example, the electrochromic layer 40 in each pixel region may be divided into three separately controllable sub-coloring layers, i.e., the third sub-coloring layer 45, the fourth sub-coloring layer 46, and the fifth sub-coloring layer 47: in some examples, the three sub-color-changing layers may be disposed on a side of the color film layer 30 (or the color filter 31) away from the OLED device 20 as a whole (see fig. 7), so that the three sub-color-changing layers are disposed in the same layer for easy manufacturing; in other examples, the third sub-coloration layer 45 is disposed on a side of the color film layer 30 (or the color filter 31) away from the OLED device 20, and an orthographic projection of the third sub-coloration layer 45 on the substrate overlaps with an orthographic projection of the effective light-transmitting region on the substrate, the fourth sub-coloration layer 46 is disposed on a side of the color film layer 30 (or the color filter 31) close to the OLED device 20, the fifth sub-coloration layer 47 is disposed between two adjacent color filter layers (refer to fig. 8), that is, the fourth sub-coloration layer 46 and the fifth sub-coloration layer 47 replace the black matrix in fig. 1, and the fourth sub-coloration layer 46 and the fifth sub-coloration layer 47 are disposed where the black matrix is disposed; in still other examples, a third sub-coloration layer 45 (an orthogonal projection of the third sub-coloration layer 45 on the substrate overlaps an orthogonal projection of the effective light-transmitting region on the substrate) and a fifth sub-coloration layer 47 (a projection of the fifth sub-coloration layer 47 on the substrate overlaps an orthogonal projection of a gap between two adjacent color filter layers on the substrate) are disposed on a side of the color film layer 30 (or the color filter 31) away from the OLED device 20, and a fourth sub-coloration layer 46 is disposed on a side of the color film layer 30 close to the OLED device 20 (refer to fig. 9); in still other examples, the third sub-coloration layer 45 (the orthographic projection of the third sub-coloration layer 45 on the substrate overlaps with the orthographic projection of the effective light-transmitting region on the substrate) and the fourth sub-coloration layer 46 are disposed on the side of the color film layer 30 (or the color filter 31) near the OLED device 20, and the fifth sub-coloration layer 47 is disposed between two adjacent color filter layers (refer to fig. 10). Therefore, different process setting requirements can be met.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the display panel is not provided with the black matrix, in order to reduce the ambient light reflectance and increase the aperture ratio, the region of the electrochromic layer in each pixel may be controlled, and referring to fig. 11, each electrochromic layer includes: a first sub-electrochromic layer 41 (i.e., a third sub-electrochromic layer 45 in fig. 7 to 8), an orthogonal projection of the first sub-electrochromic layer 41 on the substrate overlapping an orthogonal projection of the effective light-transmitting region on the substrate; the second sub-electrochromic layer 42 (including the fourth sub-electrochromic layer 46 and the fifth sub-electrochromic layer 47 in fig. 7 to 8) overlaps an orthogonal projection of the second sub-electrochromic layer 42 on the substrate with an orthogonal projection of a non-light-transmitting region of one pixel region (a region excluding an effective light-transmitting region within one pixel region) on the substrate. Thus, the states of the first sub-electrochromic layer 41 and the second sub-electrochromic layer 42 may be flexibly and individually controlled according to whether the OLED device emits light in each pixel region, specifically: referring to fig. 10, for the OLED device and the electrochromic layer in each pixel region, when the OLED device and the OLED device 20 adjacent to the second sub-electrochromic layer 42 are all in a light emitting state, the first sub-electrochromic layer 41 and the second sub-electrochromic layer 42 are controlled to be in a colorless transparent state, so that the reflectivity of ambient light can be reduced, the aperture ratio can be increased, the light extraction utilization rate of the OLED device can be improved, and power consumption can be reduced; when the OLED device 20 is in a light emitting state and the OLED device adjacent to the second sub-electrochromic layer 42 is in a non-light emitting state, the first sub-electrochromic layer 41 is controlled to be in a colorless transparent state and the second sub-electrochromic layer 42 is controlled to be a black photon, so that the problem of color mixing phenomenon or contrast reduction caused by light leakage can be prevented; when the OLED device is in a non-luminous state and the OLED device adjacent to the second sub-electrochromic layer is in a luminous state, controlling the first sub-electrochromic layer and the second sub-electrochromic layer to be black; when the OLED device 20 and the OLED device 20 adjacent to the second sub-electrochromic layer 42 are all in a non-emitting state, the first sub-electrochromic layer and the second sub-electrochromic layer are controlled to be black, so that a color mixing phenomenon or a contrast reduction problem caused by light leakage can be prevented.
Note that the above-described "OLED device adjacent to the second sub-electrochromic layer" refers to an OLED device provided in another pixel region adjacent to the second sub-electrochromic layer.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, fig. 5-10 are schematic diagrams illustrating top emission, and those skilled in the art can also flexibly design the specific structure of the bottom emission display panel according to the specific structures of the different electrochromic layers described above, and details are not repeated here.
In another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method of controlling the display panel described above. According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the method includes: for the OLED device and the electrochromic layer in each pixel region, when the OLED device is in a light-emitting state, controlling the electrochromic layer to be in a colorless transparent state; and when the OLED device is in a non-luminous state, controlling the electrochromic layer to be black. Therefore, the state of electrochromism can be flexibly controlled according to whether the OLED device in each pixel region is lightened, when the electrochromism layer is in a colorless transparent state, light emitted by the OLED device can smoothly emit out to display a picture, and when the electrochromism layer is in black, the electrochromism layer can serve as a black matrix and be used for absorbing ambient light in an effective light-transmitting region of the pixel region, so that the reflectivity of the ambient light is reduced, and the contrast of the picture is improved.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 11, each electrochromic layer 40 includes: a first sub-electrochromic layer 41, an orthographic projection of the first sub-electrochromic layer 41 on the substrate overlapping with an orthographic projection of the effective light-transmitting region on the substrate; a second sub-electrochromic layer 42, an orthogonal projection of the second sub-electrochromic layer 42 on the substrate overlapping an orthogonal projection of a non-light transmitting region of one pixel region on the substrate; the method for controlling the display panel comprises the following steps: for the OLED device and the electrochromic layer in each pixel region, when all the OLED devices 20 of the OLED device adjacent to the second sub-electrochromic layer 42 are in a light-emitting state, controlling both the first sub-electrochromic layer and the second sub-electrochromic layer to be in a colorless transparent state; when the OLED device 20 is in a light-emitting state and the OLED device adjacent to the second sub-electrochromic layer 42 is in a non-light-emitting state, controlling the first sub-electrochromic layer 41 to be in a colorless transparent state and the second sub-electrochromic layer 42 to be in black; when the OLED device is in a non-luminous state and the OLED device adjacent to the second sub-electrochromic layer is in a luminous state, controlling the first sub-electrochromic layer and the second sub-electrochromic layer to be black; when the OLED device 20 and the OLED device 20 adjacent to the second sub-electrochromic layer 42 are all in a non-light emitting state, the first sub-electrochromic layer and the second sub-electrochromic layer are controlled to be black, so that the reflectivity of ambient light can be greatly reduced, the aperture ratio of the display panel is improved, and the problem of color mixing phenomenon or contrast reduction caused by light leakage can be prevented.
Note that the above-mentioned "OLED device adjacent to the second sub-electrochromic layer" refers to an OLED device in another pixel region adjacent to the second sub-electrochromic layer. The above control method can control the display panel, wherein the requirements for the structures of the OLED device, the electrochromic layer, the color filter, and the like are the same as those described above, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted.
In yet another aspect of the present invention, a display device is provided. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the display device includes the display panel described above. Therefore, the display device has good picture contrast, low power consumption and long service life. Of course, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the display device has all the features and advantages of the display panel described above, and will not be described in any greater detail herein.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the specific type of the display panel is not particularly limited, and may be any device or apparatus having a display function in the art, such as, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a computer monitor, a game machine, a television, a display screen, a wearable apparatus, and other life or household appliances having a display function.
Of course, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that the display device of the present invention may include necessary structures and components of a conventional display device in addition to the display panel, and a mobile phone is taken as an example for illustration.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A display panel, comprising:
a substrate having a plurality of pixel regions provided on one surface thereof;
the OLED devices are arranged in the effective light transmission area of the pixel area in a one-to-one correspondence mode;
the color film layer is arranged on one side of the light-emitting direction of the OLED device and comprises a plurality of color filters, and the orthographic projection of each color filter on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of one effective light-transmitting area on the substrate;
a plurality of electrochromic layers, wherein the electrochromic layers are arranged on one side of the color film layer far away from and/or close to the OLED device, the display panel is not provided with a black matrix, and the orthographic projection of each electrochromic layer on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of one pixel region on the substrate,
the electrochromic layer in each pixel region comprises a third sub-coloring layer, a fourth sub-coloring layer and a fifth sub-coloring layer, wherein an orthographic projection of the third sub-coloring layer on the substrate is overlapped with an orthographic projection of the effective light-transmitting region on the substrate, an orthographic projection of the fifth sub-coloring layer on the substrate is overlapped with an orthographic projection of a region between two adjacent color filters on the substrate, and an orthographic projection of the fourth sub-coloring layer on the substrate is between the third sub-coloring layer and the fifth sub-coloring layer; the third sub-color-changing layer is arranged on one side, far away from the OLED device, of the color filter, the fourth sub-color-changing layer is arranged on one side, close to the OLED device, of the color filter, and the fifth sub-color-changing layer is arranged between two adjacent color filters; or the third sub-color-changing layer and the fifth sub-color-changing layer are arranged on one side of the color filter far away from the OLED device, and the fourth sub-color-changing layer is arranged on one side of the color film layer close to the OLED device; or the third sub-discoloring layer and the fourth sub-discoloring layer are arranged on one side, away from the OLED device, of the color filter, and the fifth sub-discoloring layer is arranged between the two adjacent color filters.
2. The display panel of claim 1, wherein the OLED device is a top-emitting OLED device, the display panel further comprising:
the first packaging film is arranged on the surface, far away from the substrate, of the OLED device, and the color film layer is arranged on the surface, far away from the substrate, of the first packaging film;
a first flat layer disposed on a surface of the color film layer away from the substrate, the electrochromic layer being disposed on a surface of the first flat layer away from and/or near the substrate;
a second planar layer disposed on a surface of the first planar layer distal from the substrate and overlying the electrochromic layer.
3. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the electrochromic layer comprises:
a first electrode;
a second electrode; and
an electrochromic material disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode.
4. A method of controlling the display panel of any one of claims 1-3, comprising:
for the OLED devices and the electrochromic layer in each pixel region, controlling the electrochromic layer to be in a colorless and transparent state when all the OLED devices are in a light-emitting state; and when the OLED device is in a non-luminous state, controlling the electrochromic layer to be black.
5. A display device characterized by comprising the display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
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