CN108984996B - Aluminum powder reactivity-based aluminum-containing explosive JWL state equation parameter calculation method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for calculating JWL state equation parameters of an aluminum-containing explosive based on aluminum powder reactivity. The method has the advantages of high accuracy, strong pertinence, good reliability and the like, overcomes the defect of large error when the aluminum-containing explosive JWL state equation parameters are predicted through theoretical calculation, and has certain use value on aluminum-containing explosive formula design and explosion performance evaluation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a JWL state equation parameter calculation method, in particular to an aluminum-containing explosive JWL state equation calculation method based on aluminum powder reactivity.
Background
The JWL state equation is used as a dynamic state equation, can accurately describe the expansion driving work-doing process of explosive detonation products, and is widely applied to various detonation numerical simulation calculation software at present. The method for determining the explosive JWL state equation comprises two methods, wherein JWL state equation parameters can be accurately obtained through a cylinder test, and the other method is determined by calculating isentropic expansion data of detonation products by utilizing a thermodynamic program. Although the method of the cylinder test is accurate, the test cost and the time cost are high, and the JWL state equation parameters of explosive detonation products are different under different densities and different compositions. Therefore, it is very important to obtain JWL state equation parameters through theoretical calculation and evaluate the explosive formula design stage.
For non-ideal explosives such as aluminum-containing explosives, the detonation reaction time is long (reaching the ms level), and a reaction zone with a certain width exists. Therefore, the direct calculation of the isentropic expansion data of the aluminum-containing explosive by using a detonation parameter thermodynamic calculation program does not meet the real situation. Only when the reactivity of the aluminum powder is considered, the calculated JWL state equation parameters of the aluminum-containing explosive can obtain a more accurate result.
"prediction study of parameters of JWL equation of state of aluminum-containing explosive based on RDX of KHT program" study of beijing university of science and technology, 2013, 33 (3): 239-243 disclose a method for calculating the JWL equation of state parameters of RDX-based aluminum-containing explosives based on KHT program algorithm. The program is based on KHT equation, starting from explosive composition, solving the isentropic expansion data of the explosive by utilizing the principle of minimum free energy of detonation products, and then fitting into the form of JWL state equation. The calculation result shows that the error of the JWL state equation obtained by the algorithm is about 15%, the error is large, and the requirement on the evaluation of the aluminum-containing explosive is not met.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the existing method for calculating the JWL state equation parameters of the aluminum-containing explosive, the invention provides a method for calculating the JWL state equation of the aluminum-containing explosive based on the reactivity of aluminum powder, which is used for estimating the JWL state equation parameters of the aluminum-containing explosive.
The invention provides an aluminum powder reactivity-based aluminum-containing explosive JWL state equation parameter calculation method, the calculation flow is shown in figure 1, and the method comprises the following steps:
step S1, selecting an inert substance, replacing part of aluminum powder in the aluminum-containing explosive with the inert substance, and designing aluminum-containing explosive formulas with different reactivities of the aluminum powder;
s2, inputting the formula molecular formula, density, enthalpy of formation, thermodynamic function of detonation products and solid state equation parameters of aluminum-containing explosives with different reactivities into a BKW detonation parameter thermodynamic calculation program, and calculating the isentropic expansion curves of the aluminum-containing explosives with different reactivities of the aluminum powder by using the program;
s3, fitting different isentropic expansion curve data into a JWL state equation parameter form;
and S4, constructing an explosive underwater explosion calculation model by utilizing nonlinear finite element numerical simulation software AUTODYN, selecting a material model, modifying JWL state equation parameters of explosive materials, setting an explosion point and solving time, and carrying out underwater explosion test simulation on 100 g-10 kg of aluminum-containing explosive formulas with different reactivities, wherein the simulation is shown in figure 2. And solving the shock wave pressure curve at different time and different positions, as shown in figure 3. Obtaining a shock wave pressure peak value according to the shock wave pressure time-course curve;
s5, comparing and analyzing the obtained group of shock wave pressure peak values and experimental values, and selecting a calculated value and an experimental value which are consistent to determine the JWL state equation parameters of the aluminum-containing explosive;
the inert material in step S1 of the present invention is preferably lithium fluoride (LiF) material. LiF is used as an inert material, does not participate in chemical reaction of the explosive when being used as a component of the explosive, has the density similar to that of the aluminum powder, and can be replaced according to the mass ratio of 1.
The thermodynamic function and the solid state equation of a substance when calculated in the invention are preferably described by an entropy-temperature equation and a Cowan state equation respectively.
In the step S2, a BKW equation is preferably selected as a thermodynamic calculation program of detonation parameters, the equation coefficients are preferably alpha =0.5, beta =0.16, theta =400 and kappa =10.909, and the isentropic expansion curve data of the detonation products are solved by using the principle of minimum free energy of the detonation products.
The method adopts nonlinear finite element software, preferably AUTODYN software, simulates an explosive shape, preferably 1 kg-5 kg, of a spherical explosive package adopted in an underwater explosion test, preferably selects an infinite water area, is described by using an Eulers algorithm and a Shock state equation, establishes a model, preferably one-dimensional wedge-shaped units, preferably 1-2mm in unit size, and preferably 6000-8000 units. The observation point of the solving position is preferably 1-5 m away from the center of explosion, and the solving time is preferably 0-6 ms.
The invention has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the JWL state equation parameters of the aluminum-containing explosive are fitted based on the aluminum powder reactivity, the reliability and error of the calculation result are small, and the data utilization is good; the JWL state equation parameters of the explosive fitted by the method can be used for detonation numerical simulation calculation of the explosive, and dependence and requirements on test technology are reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of JWL equation of state calculation of aluminum-containing explosive based on aluminum powder reactivity.
Fig. 2 is a water explosion calculation model.
FIG. 3 is a time course curve of shock wave pressure at an observation point 1m from the center of pop.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
S1, searching entropy values of LiF (cr) in a temperature range of 0K-2500K from an online JANAF thermodynamic data table, and fitting an entropy-temperature equation according to the data. Looking up the impact compression characteristic parameters of LiF (cr) from an online LASL impact Hugoniot database, and fitting the impact compression characteristic parameters into a form of a Cowan solid state equation;
step S2, the mass ratio of each component [ hexogen (RDX)/TNT/LiF/wax of the aluminum-containing explosive with the reactivity of 0 is 45/30/20/5]Molecular formula (II), density, enthalpy of formation, detonation products and fitted inert substances (H) 2 O、CO 2 、N 2 、H 2 、O 2 、CO、NH 3 、H、NO、OH、CH 4 C, liF) and solid state equation parameters are input into a detonation parameter thermodynamic calculation program based on a BKW equation, and an isentropic expansion curve of the aluminum-containing explosive under the reactivity is calculated;
s3, fitting the aluminum-containing explosive isentropic expansion curve data under the reactivity into a JWL state equation form;
and S4, starting AUTODYN software, creating a new calculation model file, creating an explosion model of the 1kg spherical explosive package in an infinite water area, and inputting JWL parameters of the explosive. The model adopts one-dimensional wedge-shaped units, the unit size is 1mm, and 6000 units are provided. The water is described by using a Shock state equation by using an Euler algorithm, and 5 observation points are arranged at a distance d of 1,2,3,4 and 5m from the center of burst.
And S5, analyzing the obtained shock wave pressure curve to obtain a shock wave pressure peak value. Comparing the pressure peak value of the shock wave with the underwater explosion test data of the 1kg spherical explosive package, and comparing the error between the calculated numerical value and the experimental value obtained under the reactivity;
and S6, repeating the steps S2 to S5, and solving an aluminum-containing explosive with the aluminum powder reactivity of 10% (the mass ratio of hexogen (RDX)/TNT/Al/LiF/wax is 45/30/2/18/5). The explosives under different reactivities in the formula are calculated according to the steps, the reactivity of the aluminum powder is increased by 10% each time, and the aluminum-containing explosive with the reactivity of the aluminum powder of 100% is solved until the mass ratio of the hexogen (RDX)/the TNT/Al/the wax is 45/30/20/5.
And calculating the explosives under different reactivities in the formula through the steps until the calculated result is consistent with the experimental value, namely calculating the reactivity of the aluminum powder and the JWL state equation parameters in the formula.
Example 2
S1, searching entropy values of LiF (cr) in a temperature range of 0K-2500K from an online JANAF thermodynamic data table, and fitting an entropy-temperature equation according to the data. Looking up the impact compression characteristic parameters of LiF (cr) from an online LASL impact Hugoniot database, and fitting the parameters into a form of a Cowan solid state equation;
step S2, the mass ratio of each component [ hexogen (RDX)/TNT/LiF/wax of the aluminum-containing explosive with the reactivity of 0 is 40/38/17/5]Molecular formula (II), density, enthalpy of formation, detonation products and fitted inert substances (H) 2 O、CO 2 、N 2 、H 2 、O 2 、CO、NH 3 、H、NO、OH、CH 4 C, liF) and solid state equation parameters are input into a detonation parameter thermodynamic calculation program based on a BKW equation, and an isentropic expansion curve of the aluminum-containing explosive under the reactivity is calculated;
s3, fitting the aluminum-containing explosive isentropic expansion curve data under the reactivity into a JWL state equation form;
and S4, starting AUTODYN software, creating a new calculation model file, creating an explosion model of the 1kg spherical explosive package in an infinite water area, and inputting JWL parameters of the explosive. The model adopts one-dimensional wedge-shaped units, the unit size is 1mm, and 6000 units are used in total. The water is described by using a Shock state equation by using an Euler algorithm, and 5 observation points are arranged at a distance d of 1,2,3,4 and 5m from the center of burst.
And S5, analyzing the obtained shock wave pressure curve to obtain a shock wave pressure peak value. Comparing the pressure peak value of the shock wave with the underwater explosion test data of the 1kg spherical explosive package, and comparing the error between the calculated value and the experimental value obtained under the reactivity;
and S6, repeating the steps S2 to S5, and solving an aluminum-containing explosive with the aluminum powder reactivity of 10% (the mass ratio of hexogen (RDX)/TNT/Al/LiF/wax is 40/38/1.7/15.3/5). The explosives under different reactivities in the formula are calculated according to the steps, the reactivity of the aluminum powder is increased by 10% each time, and the aluminum-containing explosive with the reactivity of the aluminum powder of 100% is solved until the mass ratio of the hexogen (RDX)/the TNT/Al/the wax is 40/38/17/5.
And calculating the explosives under different reactivities under the formula through the steps until the calculated result is consistent with the experimental value, so that the reactivities of the aluminum powder under the formula and the JWL state equation parameters are calculated.
Example 3
Step S1, searching an entropy value of LiF (cr) in a temperature range of 0K-2500K from an online JANAF thermodynamic data table, and fitting an entropy-temperature equation according to the data. Looking up the impact compression characteristic parameters of LiF (cr) from an online LASL impact Hugoniot database, and fitting the parameters into a form of a Cowan solid state equation;
step S2, the mass ratio of each component [ hexogen (RDX)/TNT/LiF/wax of the aluminum-containing explosive with the reactivity of 0 is 60.8/19/17/3.2]Molecular formula (II), density, enthalpy of formation, detonation products and fitted inert substances (H) 2 O、CO 2 、N 2 、H 2 、O 2 、CO、NH 3 、H、NO、OH、CH 4 C, liF) and solid state equation parameters are input into a detonation parameter thermodynamic calculation program based on a BKW equation, and an isentropic expansion curve of the aluminum-containing explosive under the reactivity is calculated;
s3, fitting the aluminum-containing explosive isentropic expansion curve data under the reactivity into a JWL state equation form;
and S4, starting AUTODYN software, creating a new calculation model file, creating an explosion model of the 1kg spherical explosive package in an infinite water area, and inputting JWL parameters of the explosive. The model adopts one-dimensional wedge-shaped units, the unit size is 1mm, and 6000 units are used in total. The water is described by a Shock state equation by using an Eulers algorithm, and 5 observation points are arranged at a distance d of 1,2,3,4,5m from the center of burst.
And S5, analyzing the obtained shock wave pressure curve to obtain a shock wave pressure peak value. Comparing the pressure peak value of the shock wave with the underwater explosion test data of the 1kg spherical explosive package, and comparing the error between the calculated value and the experimental value obtained under the reactivity;
and S6, repeating the steps S2 to S5, and solving the aluminum-containing explosive with the aluminum powder reactivity of 10% (the mass ratio of hexogen (RDX)/TNT/Al/LiF/wax is 60.8/19/1.7/15.3/3.2). The explosives with different reactivities under the formula are calculated according to the steps, the reactivity of the aluminum powder is increased by 10 percent each time, and the aluminum-containing explosive with the reactivity of the aluminum powder of 100 percent is solved until the mass ratio of the hexogen (RDX)/the TNT/Al/the wax is 60.8/19/17/3.2.
And calculating the explosives under different reactivities under the formula through the steps until the error between the calculated result and the experimental value is not more than 10%, namely calculating the reactivities of the aluminum powder under the formula and the JWL state equation parameters.
The calculated JWL state equation of example 1-example 3 is used to simulate the shock wave energy of underwater explosion containing aluminum explosive, and the calculation results of the same formula by the algorithm before improvement are listed, as shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 shock wave energy calculation results
As a result: the errors of the calculation results in the 3 examples are 2.9%, 2.0% and 8.1%, respectively. The error is greatly reduced compared with the error before improvement.
And (4) conclusion: the error between the calculated value and the test value of the JWL state equation parameter simulation explosive underwater explosion shock wave energy is obviously reduced based on the aluminum powder reactivity. The precision of the aluminum-containing explosive underwater explosion numerical simulation is greatly improved.
Claims (4)
1. An aluminum-containing explosive JWL state equation parameter calculation method based on aluminum powder reactivity is characterized in that an inert substance is used for replacing partial aluminum powder to design aluminum-containing explosives with different reactivities of the aluminum powder, and the calculation method comprises the following steps:
step S1, selecting an inert substance, replacing part of aluminum powder in the aluminum-containing explosive with the inert substance, and designing aluminum-containing explosive formulas with different reactivities of the aluminum powder;
s2, inputting the formula molecular formula, density, enthalpy of formation, thermodynamic function of detonation products and solid state equation parameters of aluminum-containing explosives with different reactivities into a BKW detonation parameter thermodynamic calculation program, and calculating the isentropic expansion curves of the aluminum-containing explosives with different reactivities of the aluminum powder by using the program;
s3, fitting different isentropic expansion curve data into a JWL state equation parameter form;
s4, constructing an explosive underwater explosion calculation model by utilizing nonlinear finite element numerical simulation software AUTODYN, selecting a material model, modifying JWL state equation parameters of an explosive material, setting an initiation point and solving time, carrying out underwater explosion test simulation on 100 g-10 kg of aluminum-containing explosive formulas with different reactivities, and solving shock wave pressure peak values at different times and different positions;
and S5, comparing and analyzing the obtained group of shock wave pressure peak data and experimental values, and selecting a calculated value and an experimental value which are consistent to determine the JWL state equation parameters of the aluminum-containing explosive.
2. The method for calculating parameters of JWL state equation of claim 1, wherein in step S1, inert material is selected to replace unreacted aluminum powder to design aluminum-containing explosive formulations with different reactivity.
3. The JWL state equation parameter calculation method of claim 1, wherein the thermodynamic function of detonation products in step S2 is described by an entropy-temperature equation, and the solid state equation is described by a Cowan solid state equation.
4. The method of calculating JWL equation of state parameters of claim 2, wherein the inert material is described using LiF.
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