CN108983307B - Geotechnical engineering surrounding rock crack detection method - Google Patents
Geotechnical engineering surrounding rock crack detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108983307B CN108983307B CN201810849849.4A CN201810849849A CN108983307B CN 108983307 B CN108983307 B CN 108983307B CN 201810849849 A CN201810849849 A CN 201810849849A CN 108983307 B CN108983307 B CN 108983307B
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Abstract
A method for detecting the cracks of the surrounding rock in geotechnical engineering includes such steps as setting a detecting hole and a medium injecting hole in rock mass, and determining the distribution and shape of cracks in rock mass by the induction signals of crack sensor and time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering exploration, in particular to a method for detecting a crack of a geotechnical engineering surrounding rock.
Background
In the application of nature and actual engineering, fractures with different geometric shapes exist in a rock body, filling materials with different physical properties and geometric dimensions exist in most fractures, and generally, the filling medium is a low-strength medium which is formed by weathering, tectonic and underground water, is loose in structure, irregular in morphological structure, large in porosity and easy to deform, and is gravel, sandy soil and the like.
The rock mass used in engineering construction is generally a complex rock mass containing cracks, the cracks of the complex rock mass usually contain a large amount of filling materials with different properties, after a cavern in the engineering is excavated, a plurality of filling cracks are usually generated around the cavern, and the existence of the filling cracks not only enables the anisotropy of the surrounding rock to be very obvious, but also causes the discontinuity of the surrounding rock, reduces the strength of the surrounding rock, makes deformation and damage more complex, and directly influences the stability of the surrounding rock of the cavern.
Under the action of various complex loads such as fluid seepage, confining pressure and the like, the filled fracture damages the filled fracture in all aspects such as mechanics, chemistry, deformation, fracture and the like, so that the instability of engineering and the incompleteness of geological disasters are caused, and particularly in the aspects of safety and stability of engineering such as mines, water conservancy projects, bridges, mountain tunnels and the like, the deformation of the filled fracture has a non-negligible influence on the filled fracture. Therefore, the crack development degree of the surrounding rock is detected in the construction and operation processes, and the effect of engineering disaster treatment measures is analyzed, so that the stability and the safety of the engineering are evaluated, the safety and the quality can be ensured, a reasonable decision can be made in time, and the occurrence of geological disasters is avoided.
In the prior art, the university of Shandong science and technology in CN201610035077.1 patent of invention provides a system and a method for detecting a rock mass crack. However, in this invention, only the location of the crack in the detection hole can be determined, and the direction of the crack between adjacent detection holes cannot be determined.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for detecting a crack of a geotechnical engineering surrounding rock, which can determine the position of the crack and the trend of the crack between different positions.
As one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for detecting a geotechnical engineering surrounding rock fracture, comprising the steps of: (1) arranging a plurality of medium injection holes and detection holes in a rock body; (2) arranging a crack sensor in the detection hole; (3) injecting an induction medium into the rock mass through the first medium injection pipe, detecting the induction medium through the crack sensor, and determining the coordinate of the crack sensor with induction signals so as to determine the position of the crack in the detection hole; (4) taking out the crack sensor, and extracting the sensing medium in the detection hole and the medium injection hole; (5) taking the position of the crack in the detection hole as a group, and sequentially carrying out the following operations from high to low for each coordinate of the group: a) plugging the upper and lower coordinates of the coordinate through a second medium injection pipe; b) arranging a crack sensor in the adjacent detection holes of the detection holes; c) injecting an induction medium into the coordinate through a second medium injection pipe; d) determining the coordinates of a fracture sensor which senses induction signals earliest in fracture coordinates with the depth larger than the coordinates in a detection hole adjacent to the detection hole; e) determining the coordinate of the crack sensor sensing the induction signal earliest as the lower coordinate of the coordinate; f) taking out the second medium injection pipe and the crack sensor, and extracting the induction medium in the detection hole; (6) performing the operation of the step (5) on all the detection holes, thereby determining the lower coordinates of each fracture coordinate; (7) determining different fracture curve groups according to the fracture coordinates and the lower position coordinates; (8) and connecting all the fracture curve groups by using smooth curves, and determining the distribution and the trend of the surrounding rock fractures.
Preferably, the first medium injection pipe is a hollow pipe.
Preferably, the crack sensor comprises a hollow rod, a plurality of spacers communicated with the hollow rod are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the hollow rod, a medium sensing element fixed on the hollow rod is arranged between every two spacers, and each medium sensing element is connected with the information collector through an independent communication line, so that the crack space information is positioned.
Preferably, the spacer is laterally expanded or contracted by filling the hollow shaft with a high pressure gas or liquid, thereby forming an enclosed space within the spacer.
Preferably, the second medium injection pipe includes: the bottom of the first hollow pipe is provided with a spacer; a second hollow tube capable of injecting an inductive medium into the space formed by the spacer.
Preferably, the sensing medium is water.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a geotechnical engineering surrounding rock fracture method according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a second medium injection pipe in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The geotechnical engineering surrounding rock fracture detection method disclosed by the embodiment of the invention is shown in figure 1 and comprises the following steps: (1) arranging a plurality of medium injection holes and detection holes in a rock body; (2) arranging a crack sensor in the detection hole; (3) injecting an induction medium into the rock mass from the medium injection hole through the first medium injection pipe, detecting the induction medium through the fracture sensor, and determining the coordinate of the fracture sensor with induction signals so as to determine the position of the fracture in the detection hole; (4) taking out the crack sensor, and extracting the sensing medium in the detection hole and the medium injection hole; (5) taking the position of the crack in the detection hole as a group, and sequentially carrying out the following operations from high to low for each coordinate of the group: a) plugging the upper and lower coordinates of the coordinate through a second medium injection pipe; b) arranging a crack sensor in the adjacent detection holes of the detection holes; c) injecting an induction medium into the coordinate through a second medium injection pipe; d) determining the coordinates of a fracture sensor which senses induction signals earliest in fracture coordinates with the depth larger than the coordinates in a detection hole adjacent to the detection hole; e) determining the coordinate of the crack sensor sensing the induction signal earliest as the lower coordinate of the coordinate; f) taking out the second medium injection pipe and the crack sensor, and extracting the induction medium in the detection hole; (6) performing the operation of the step (5) on all the detection holes, thereby determining the lower coordinates of each fracture coordinate; (7) determining different fracture curve groups according to the fracture coordinates and the lower position coordinates; (8) and connecting all the fracture curve groups by using smooth curves, and determining the distribution and the trend of the surrounding rock fractures.
In the step (1), a medium injection hole and a detection hole rear cleaning hole are arranged on the rock body according to a certain step length according to detection requirements, wherein the depth of the detection hole is greater than that of the medium injection hole.
In the step (2), a crack sensor is arranged in the detection hole, and a crack sensor of the prior art, such as CN201610035077.1, which includes a hollow rod, a spacer and a medium sensing element, can be used. The hollow rod is provided with a plurality of spacers at intervals, each spacer is connected with the hollow rod through the hollow rod, and when high-pressure media are input into the spacers, the spacers expand laterally and are in close contact with the hole wall of the detection hole, so that a closed space is formed between the adjacent spacers and the hole wall; when the high pressure medium inside the spacer is removed through the hollow rod, the closure of the spacer is contacted. The high pressure medium may be a gas or a liquid. And a medium sensing element is arranged between every two spacers, each medium sensing element fixed on the hollow rod is connected with the information collector through an independent communication line, and when the medium sensing element detects a sensing medium, the crack at the corresponding position is represented.
In the step (3), a hole sealing plug is arranged at the hole opening of the medium injection hole, the induction medium is injected into the rock body from the medium injection hole through the first medium injection pipe, the first medium injection pipe is a hollow pipe, and the induction medium can be water. Then, the inductive medium is detected through the crack sensor in the detection hole, the coordinates of the crack sensor with the inductive signal are determined, and therefore the position of the crack in the detection hole is determined.
In the step (4), extracting the high-pressure medium in the spacer through the hollow rod, and then taking out the crack sensor; and then the induction medium in the detection hole and the medium injection hole is pumped and emptied.
In the step (5), the cracks in the detection holes are grouped, and when the position of the crack in each detection hole is used as a group, the following operations are performed in sequence from high to low for each coordinate of the group: a) plugging the upper and lower coordinates of the coordinate through a second medium injection pipe; referring to fig. 2, the second medium injecting pipe 10 includes a set of spacers 11, a first hollow pipe 12 and a second hollow pipe 13; wherein, the spacer group 11 is arranged at the bottom end of the first hollow tube, and the distance between the upper spacer and the lower spacer is equal to the distance between the spacers in the crack sensor; the first hollow pipe 12 is connected to each spacer of the spacer group 11, and can feed a high-pressure medium into each spacer of the spacer group 11. The second hollow tube 13 is open at the upper end, closed at the bottom, and penetrates through the upper spacer of the spacer group 11, and the sidewall of the tube body at the height of the upper end and the lower end of the spacer group is provided with an opening 131 for inputting the sensing medium. The second medium injection pipe 10 is arranged in the detection hole, so that the fracture coordinate is positioned in the middle of the spacer group 11, the high-pressure medium is injected into the spacer group 11 through the first hollow pipe 12, the spacer group 11 expands laterally and is in close contact with the hole wall of the detection hole, and the fracture coordinate is positioned in the closed space formed by the spacer group 11. Preferably, the first hollow tube and the second hollow tube are telescopic tubes, so that the depth of the hollow tubes lifted into the detection hole can be adjusted, and the slit coordinate is located in the center of the spacer group 11. b) And (3) arranging a crack sensor in the adjacent detection hole of the detection holes, wherein the arrangement mode can be the same as that in the step (2). c) The sensing medium is injected into the second hollow tube 13 in the second medium injection tube 10, and the sensing medium is input into the closed space of the detector set 11 through the opening of the second hollow tube 13 and then flows through the crack of the closed space. d) And monitoring the information of the crack sensor with the depth larger than the crack coordinate in the detection hole adjacent to the detection hole, and determining the coordinate of the crack sensor sensing the signal earliest. e) And setting the coordinates of the crack sensor sensing the induction signals earliest as the lower coordinates of the crack coordinates. f) The high-pressure medium in the spacer group 11 is extracted through the first hollow pipe 12, the second medium injection pipe 10 and the crack sensor are taken out, and the induction medium in the detection hole is extracted.
In the step (6), the operation of the step (5) is performed on the fracture group in each detection hole, so that the lower position coordinate of each fracture coordinate is determined. In the step (7), determining different fracture curve groups according to the fracture coordinates, the lower position coordinates and the lower position coordinates; for example, if the lower coordinate of the coordinate a is labeled as a ', the lower coordinate of a ' is a ', and the lower coordinate of a ' is a ' ″, the fracture curve set is determined as (a, a ', a ' ' '). And (8) connecting the coordinates of all fracture groups by using a smooth curve, thereby determining the distribution of the surrounding rock fractures and the trend of the fractures.
By the embodiment of the invention, the distribution and the trend of the cracks in the rock mass can be determined, so that the development degree of the cracks of the surrounding rock in the construction and operation processes can be better analyzed, the stability and the safety of the engineering can be evaluated, and the safety and the quality of the engineering can be ensured.
The above description of the embodiments is only intended to facilitate the understanding of the method of the invention and its core idea. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (6)
1. A geotechnical engineering surrounding rock fracture detection method comprises the following steps: (1) arranging a plurality of medium injection holes and detection holes in a rock body; (2) arranging a crack sensor in the detection hole; (3) injecting an induction medium into the rock mass through the first medium injection pipe, detecting the induction medium through the crack sensor, and determining the coordinate of the crack sensor with induction signals so as to determine the position of the crack in the detection hole; (4) taking out the crack sensor, and extracting the sensing medium in the detection hole and the medium injection hole; (5) taking the position of the crack in the detection hole as a group, and sequentially carrying out the following operations from high to low for each coordinate of the group: a) plugging the upper and lower coordinates of the coordinate through a second medium injection pipe; b) arranging a crack sensor in the adjacent detection holes of the detection holes; c) injecting an induction medium into the coordinate through a second medium injection pipe; d) determining the coordinates of a fracture sensor which senses induction signals earliest in fracture coordinates with the depth larger than the coordinates in a detection hole adjacent to the detection hole; e) determining the coordinate of the crack sensor sensing the induction signal earliest as the lower coordinate of the coordinate; f) taking out the second medium injection pipe and the crack sensor, and extracting the induction medium in the detection hole; (6) performing the operation of the step (5) on all the detection holes, thereby determining the lower coordinates of each fracture coordinate; (7) determining different fracture curve groups according to the fracture coordinates and the lower position coordinates; (8) and connecting all the fracture curve groups by using smooth curves, and determining the distribution and the trend of the surrounding rock fractures.
2. The geotechnical engineering surrounding rock fracture detection method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), the first medium injection pipe is a hollow pipe.
3. The geotechnical engineering surrounding rock fracture detection method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), the high-pressure medium is filled into the hollow rod body to realize the lateral expansion or contraction of the spacer, so that a closed space in the spacer is formed.
4. The geotechnical engineering surrounding rock fracture detection method according to claim 1, wherein: the crack sensor comprises a hollow rod, a plurality of spacers communicated with the hollow rod are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the hollow rod, a medium sensing element fixed on the hollow rod is arranged between every two spacers, and each medium sensing element is connected with an information collector through an independent communication line to realize the positioning of crack space information.
5. The geotechnical engineering surrounding rock fracture detection method according to claim 3, wherein: the high-pressure medium is liquid or gas.
6. The geotechnical engineering surrounding rock fracture detection method according to claim 1, wherein: the sensing medium is water.
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| CN201810849849.4A CN108983307B (en) | 2018-07-28 | 2018-07-28 | Geotechnical engineering surrounding rock crack detection method |
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Effective date of registration: 20200331 Address after: No. 317, Rongjun Road, Liuzhou City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Applicant after: LIUZHOU ENGINEERING INVESTIGATION INSTITUTE OF NUCLEAR INDUSTRY Address before: 355003 Zhongxing Street, Fu'an City, Ningde, Fujian Province, No. 23 Applicant before: Lin Guangqin |
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