CN108983274A - Nuclear or Radiological Emergency detection system, detection method and its booting-self controller device - Google Patents
Nuclear or Radiological Emergency detection system, detection method and its booting-self controller device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108983274A CN108983274A CN201810734633.3A CN201810734633A CN108983274A CN 108983274 A CN108983274 A CN 108983274A CN 201810734633 A CN201810734633 A CN 201810734633A CN 108983274 A CN108983274 A CN 108983274A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/20—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/20—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
- G01T1/202—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors the detector being a crystal
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/20—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
- G01T1/202—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors the detector being a crystal
- G01T1/2023—Selection of materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
- G05B19/0423—Input/output
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Nuclear or Radiological Emergency detection systems, are related to radiometric technique field.The detection system includes nuclear radiation booting-self controller device and fixed radiation dosage collector.When nuclear leakage does not occur for nuclear power station to be detected, nuclear radiation booting-self controller device is in running order, and fixed radiation dosage collector is in standby；When nuclear leakage occurs for nuclear power station to be detected, nuclear radiation booting-self controller device starts fixed radiation dosage collector work, acquires the nuclear radiation information in environment.The present invention is combined using radiation booting-self controller device and the fixed radiation dosage collector of multiple spot multiregion, the range of scatter of radioactive substance and intensity, the real-time monitoring of species type, the design started automatically reduced power supply power consumption and maintenance cost again when being both able to achieve nuclear leakage.The invention also discloses a kind of Nuclear or Radiological Emergency detection method and a kind of nuclear radiation booting-self controller devices.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to radiometric technique field, in particular to Nuclear or Radiological Emergency detection system, detection method and its from
Start controller.
Background technique
Nuclear power station once leaks, and generated radiation accident will cause great casualties, environmental pollution and
Huge economic loss.According to statistics, the accident and event that nineteen fifty-two to 1986, Foreign Research Reactors and electric power reactor generate are tight
The biggish of weight has as many as 36, if the early point discovery of energy, makes emergency measure, then will greatly reduce various aspects in time
Loss.Due to nuclear radiation have it is sudden, social influence is huge, so if can detect and recognize in the first time of nuclear leakage
The range of nuclear leakage, the specific information such as how many kilometer and radioactive intensity, can promptly and accurately to emergency behaviour decision making person
The information of nuclear radiation leakage is provided, to safely evacuate staff, control leakage range is retrieved a loss.
In nuclear power station, once nuclear leakage occurs, it is usually associated with great γ dose of radiation, human and environment is caused greatly
Injury, large-scale monitoring, alarming be more applicable for large area as nuclear power station outburst radiation environment, each place spoke
Penetrate dosage, nuclear leakage involve range and situations such as nucleic forms, is often complex, need much information collaboration to handle, entirely
Face understands nuclear leakage situation, while being distributed according to different location dosage, additionally it is possible to determine the best escape route of personnel.
It based on problem above, needs that radiation monitoring system is installed around nuclear power station, so as to when nuclear leakage occurs, early
Monitor nuclear radiation leakage the case where.
Current fixation radiation monitoring system, since place place is fixed, if long-term real-time monitoring, maintenance cost compared with
Height, energy consumption are big.And fixed phase detector, can only realize small-scale radioactivity monitoring.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of Nuclear or Radiological Emergency detection system, detection method and its booting-self controller device,
The detection system usually Maintenance free, the service life is long, can start automatically under high dose of radiation environment.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of Nuclear or Radiological Emergency detection system, including nuclear radiation booting-self controller device and fixed radiation dosage collector；
The nuclear radiation booting-self controller device is used to start fixed radiation agent when sensing that nuclear leakage occurs for nuclear power station
Measure collector work；
Nuclear radiation information when the fixed radiation dosage collector is used to acquire nuclear power station generation nuclear leakage in environment；
The nuclear radiation information includes radiation dose rate, radioactive substance intensity, nucleic information；
The nuclear radiation booting-self controller device and fixed radiation dosage collector are distributed around nuclear power station.
Further, the fixed radiation dosage collector includes small-sized radiation detector and data transmission mould
Block；
The small-sized radiation detector is for acquiring nuclear radiation information；
The data transmission module is used for the small-sized collected nuclear radiation information of radiation detector and the small-sized radiation
Location information where detector is passed back to data processing centre.
It further, further include data communication network, alarm and data processing and display；
The data communication network is used to the data transmission module information being passed back to data processing centre；
The data communication network uses based on being wirelessly transferred, and retains the mode of wired coffret.In view of accident shape
The possible overburden in mobile base station under state, and under accident condition, the no electric energy supply of electric system paralysis does not have 4G network yet.
Thus signal transmits preferred satellite transmission, remains 3G(WCDMA) and rf transmission mode, built-in built-in PC supervise in real time
Survey signal strength.
The alarm includes receiving alarm control signal module and sending sound and light alarm signal module；
The nuclear leakage information that alarm control signal module is received for sensing the nuclear radiation booting-self controller device is anti-
It feeds and issues sound and light alarm signal module；
The data processing and display include signal processor, display and data storage；
The signal processor is for handling the collected nuclear radiation information of the small-sized radiation detector and the small-sized radiation
Location information where detector；
The display is for showing the collected nuclear radiation information of the small-sized radiation detector and the small-sized radiation detection
Location information where device；
The data storage is for storing the collected nuclear radiation information of the small-sized radiation detector and the small-sized radiation
Location information where detector.
The data processing and display receive γ radiation dose rate information in the site environment that data transmission module is passed back,
The number and geographical location information of radioactive substance strength information, nucleic information and fixed radiation dosage collector.
Based on generalized information system, the nuclear radiation information and position distribution that are transmitted back to are realized into graphical representation, analysis obtains nuclear leakage range
And the radioactive substance intensity of each region.
Further, the small-sized radiation detector is multipoint mode distribution.And in the range of the different distance of ring plant area
It is distributed, is distributed from containment, 3 kilometers, 5 kilometers to 30 kilometers, around each small-sized radiation detector of nuclear power station
There are corresponding number and geographical location information in the database purchase of data center.It is passed on small-sized radiation detector with data
Real-time collected nuclear radiation information can be passed through data communication network returned data processing center by defeated module.
The small-sized radiation detector refers in particular to small size high quality compound semiconductor crystalline material, their atomic number
Greatly, band gap is larger, and radiation detector device, such as CdZnTe, CsI, CsI(Ti can be made) etc., these semiconductor crystals tool
Have that density is big, the high feature of luminous efficiency is finally formed the detector of small size.Because if being the semiconductor of large volume
Crystal, high energy charged particles range increase, and resolution ratio is caused to reduce, and under normal circumstances, semiconductor crystal volume is bigger, differentiate
Rate will be poorer.So the volume of semiconductor crystalline material is less than or equal to 1 × 1 × 1 cm3.The small-sized radiation detector type
It is that leakage current is small, energy resolution is high, and non-polarized phenomenon, the small size detector that can be worked at room temperature can be tellurium
Zinc-cadmium detector, such as MSM detector, CdZnTe and pixel array detector.
Further, one or more concatenated nuclear radiation booting-self controller devices are installed around the nuclear power station, are at least pacified
Fill two concatenated fixed radiation dosage collectors.
A kind of Nuclear or Radiological Emergency detection method, the specific steps are as follows:
1) when nuclear leakage does not occur for nuclear power station to be detected, the nuclear radiation booting-self controller device is in running order, fixed existing
Field dose of radiation collector is in standby；
2) when nuclear leakage occurs for nuclear power station to be detected, the nuclear radiation booting-self controller device starts fixed radiation dosage and adopts
Storage work, acquires the nuclear radiation information in environment.
Further, the detailed process of the step 2 are as follows:
2.1) the nuclear radiation booting-self controller device includes scintillator, photodiode switch, signal receiving processor CPU, penetrates
Linear window, shielding shell and diffuse-reflective material and power-supply controller of electric；
The ray window passes through diffuse-reflective material, arrives for receiving the high-energy ray generated when nuclear leakage, the high-energy ray
Up to scintillator；
2.2) scintillator is ionized by the high-energy ray and is excited, and is shone and is generated photon；
The photodiode switch is acted on by photon, and nuclear leakage signal is transferred to signal receiving area by way of on-off
Manage device CPU；
2.3) nuclear leakage signal is transferred to power-supply controller of electric, the power-supply controller of electric starting by the signal receiving processor CPU
Fixed radiation dosage collector work.
The power-supply controller of electric opens small-sized radiation detector and data biography in fixed radiation dosage collector
Defeated module, while starting alarm.Reception alarm control signal module in alarm can receive in time to be received from signal
The digital signal for the radioactive substance leakage that processor CPU is issued.And in time by signal feedback transmission to sound and light alarm signal
Module, this module can issue sound and light alarm signal to monitoring center and surrounding staff or even entire plant area, so as to
Plant area staff decision early warns surrounding staff.
Further, the detailed process of the fixed radiation dosage collector work are as follows:
The fixed radiation dosage collector includes small-sized radiation detector and data transmission module；
Nuclear radiation information in the small-sized radiation detector acquisition environment；
The data transmission module is believed the position where nuclear radiation information and small-sized radiation detector by data communication network
Breath is passed back to data processing centre；
Data processing and display in the minds of the Data processing are started to work, by the live nuclear radiation information being passed back to and position
Confidence ceases aggregation process, forms graphical information distribution map；Find safe escape route.
A kind of nuclear radiation booting-self controller device, including scintillator, photodiode are switched, signal receiving processor CPU, are penetrated
Linear window, shielding shell, diffuse-reflective material and power-supply controller of electric；The scintillator, photodiode switch, signal reception processing
In shielding shell, ray window is mutually embedded in shielding shell for device CPU and diffuse-reflective material setting；The ray window is overflow instead
It penetrates between material, scintillator, photodiode switch, signal receiving processor CPU and power-supply controller of electric and is sequentially connected.
The scintillator includes inorganic scintillator or the scintillation crystal that metal or rare earth impurities are added；The Inorganic scintillation
Body includes BaF2, CsF, NaI, CsI2；The scintillation crystal that metal or rare earth impurities are added includes NaI(Ti), CsI
(Ti), CaF2(Eu), Zn(Ag), luminescence decay time is slower, shines relatively strong.The scintillator further includes some big specific gravity
Scintillation crystal such as BGO, GeF3Deng.The scintillator further includes organic scintillator, and the organic scintillator includes organic crystal, has
Machine scintillator and plastic scintillant.
The photodiode switch is nuclear radiation booting-self controller to prevent extraneous available light from causing switch on and off
Device manufactures interference signal, receives photodiode only from scintillator by the generated photon of ray excitation, and usually photosensitive two
For pole pipe switch except the range in face of scintillator, other ranges are in totally-enclosed shading status.To guarantee photodiode switch
Scintillator photons can be received in time, and light photodiode switch is arranged in the form of small array, and each photodiode is opened
Closing has at least one electric switch.Photodiode switch can be a variety of silicon photodiodes such as unit, polynary.
The signal receiving processor CPU is exactly the operation control core component of nuclear radiation booting-self controller device, is belonged to
Central processor scope.Signal can be received and processed, instruction also can be externally issued.Photodiode is switched on-off signal to pass
Pass alarm and power-supply controller of electric.
The ray window is to be dedicated for high intensity rays to pass through the empty window stayed.In order to guarantee the sensitivity of component not
It is destroyed by high-energy ray, needs to carry out shielding protection to nuclear radiation booting-self controller device.And in order to guarantee nuclear radiation self-starting control
The sensitivity of device processed, ray window are exactly the part of unshieldede nclosure.
The shielding shell includes stereotype or sheet lead.
The diffuse-reflective material includes that aluminium foil, spy defend strong paper, these materials have high reflectance, can generate scintillator
Photon is all reflected back without scattering and disappearing.And material is relatively thin, can be good at through radiation high-energy ray, so that in nuclear leakage
First time, scintillator receive ray ionization excitation, and by optical signal pass to photodiode switch.
The working principle of nuclear radiation booting-self controller device of the present invention are as follows: when nuclear leakage does not occur, in order to extend
Detector uses the time, reduces maintenance cost, the nuclear radiation booting-self controller device is in running order, fixed radiation
Dosage collector is in standby.Entire detector system is in low power consumpting state, only after the accident, whole system institute
There is component just can all work.After nuclear leakage occurs, high-energy ray is diffused in plant area's range, and the presence of shielding material can be protected
The normal work for protecting entire nuclear radiation booting-self controller device, not by the destruction of high intensity rays.High-energy ray passes through when nuclear leakage
Ray window and diffuse-reflective material, get on scintillator, and scintillator is just ionized by on-site high intensity rays and excited at this time, flashing
Body generates photon because of the effect that ionization excites, to shine, and the presence of diffuse-reflective material, can pass through not influencing ray
In the case where, the photon of scintillator is reflected back as far as possible, next all photons of scintillator enter photodiode
Switch, photodiode receive photon signal, this signal are transferred to signal receiving processor by way of switch on and off
CPU, signal receiving processor CPU receives this signal at this time, and nuclear leakage signal is transferred to power-supply controller of electric, the power supply
Controller starts fixed radiation dosage collector work.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
The present invention is based on nuclear radiation booting-self controller devices, when nuclear leakage accident occurs, in the high dose x ray irradiation x broken out suddenly
Under the conditions of, the ray of high dose excites scintillator, and scintillator issues certain wavelength due to the interaction with ray particle
Light, these photons excite photosensitive diode switch in turn, this signal is transferred to by photodiode by way of switch on and off
The signal receiving processor CPU of working condition, CPU receives this signal at this time, and this signal is transferred to power-supply controller of electric,
The power-supply controller of electric starts fixed radiation dosage collector work, to realize fixed radiation dosage acquisition
Automatic starting of the device under nuclear radiation environment.The present invention can be realized the automatic of radiation detection and alarm under unmanned control condition
Change, and relative to other stationary detectors, a whole set of detection system can be in low-power consumption when nuclear leakage does not occur
Working condition after nuclear leakage occurs, and can start at the first time, obtain nuclear radiation intensity, range and nucleic information, compare it
He monitors system, and more the cost of nuclear emergency scheme is greatly saved in the saving energy, Maintenance free.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the detection flow diagram of the fixed emergency detection system of self-starting of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the fixed emergency detection system schematic diagram of the invention started automatically based on nuclear radiation；
Fig. 3 is the nuclear radiation booting-self controller device of the fixed emergency detection system of the invention started automatically based on nuclear radiation
Details enlarged drawing；
Fig. 4 is Cs(Ti) structure diagram of detector.
Appended drawing reference: 1, nuclear radiation booting-self controller device；1.1, scintillator；1.2, photodiode switch；1.3, signal
Receive processor CPU；1.4, ray window；1.5, shell is shielded；1.6, diffuse-reflective material；1.7, power-supply controller of electric；2, fixed
Formula radiation dosage collector；3, data communication network；4, alarm；5, data processing and display；6, positive wire；7,
Negative wire；8, protective film；9, lead shell；10, window；11, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) pedestal.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a kind of Nuclear or Radiological Emergency detection system, including nuclear radiation booting-self controller device 1 and fixed
Radiation dosage collector 2；
The nuclear radiation booting-self controller device 1 is used to start fixed radiation when sensing that nuclear leakage occurs for nuclear power station
Dosage collector 2 works；
The fixed radiation dosage collector 2, which is used to acquire the nuclear radiation that nuclear power station occurs when nuclear leakage in environment, to be believed
Breath；
The nuclear radiation booting-self controller device 1 and fixed radiation dosage collector 2 are distributed around nuclear power station.
The fixed radiation dosage collector 2 includes small-sized radiation detector and data transmission module；
The small-sized radiation detector is for acquiring nuclear radiation information；
The data transmission module is used for the small-sized collected nuclear radiation information of radiation detector and the small-sized radiation
Location information where detector is passed back to data processing centre.
The Nuclear or Radiological Emergency detection system further includes data communication network 3, alarm 4 and data processing and display 5；
The data communication network 3 is used to the data transmission module information being passed back to data processing centre；
The alarm 4 includes receiving alarm control signal module and sending sound and light alarm signal module；
The nuclear leakage information that alarm control signal module is received for sensing the nuclear radiation booting-self controller device 1 is anti-
It feeds and issues sound and light alarm signal module；
The data processing and display 5 include signal processor, display and data storage；
The signal processor is for handling the collected nuclear radiation information of the small-sized radiation detector and the small-sized radiation
Location information where detector；
The display is for showing the collected nuclear radiation information of the small-sized radiation detector and the small-sized radiation detection
Location information where device；
The data storage is for storing the collected nuclear radiation information of the small-sized radiation detector and the small-sized radiation
Location information where detector.
The small-sized radiation detector is multipoint mode distribution, is had from containment, 3 kilometers, 5 kilometers to 30 kilometers point
Cloth.
One or more concatenated nuclear radiation booting-self controller devices 1 are installed around the nuclear power station, two strings are at least installed
The fixed radiation dosage collector 2 of connection.
A kind of Nuclear or Radiological Emergency detection method, the specific steps are as follows:
1) when nuclear leakage does not occur for nuclear power station to be detected, the nuclear radiation booting-self controller device 1 is in running order, fixed existing
Field dose of radiation collector 2 is in standby；
2) when nuclear leakage occurs for nuclear power station to be detected, the nuclear radiation booting-self controller device 1 starts fixed radiation dosage
Collector 2 works, and acquires the nuclear radiation information in environment.
The detailed process of the step 2 are as follows:
2.1) the nuclear radiation booting-self controller device 1 includes scintillator 1.1, photodiode switch 1.2, signal receiving processor
CPU1.3, ray window 1.4, shielding shell 1.5 and diffuse-reflective material 1.6 and power-supply controller of electric 1.7；
The ray window 1.4 passes through diffuse-reflective material for receiving the high-energy ray generated when nuclear leakage, the high-energy ray
1.6, reach scintillator 1.1；
2.2) scintillator 1.1 is ionized by the high-energy ray and is excited, and is shone and is generated photon；
The photodiode switch 1.2 is acted on by photon, and nuclear leakage signal is transferred to signal by way of on-off and is connect
Receive processor CPU1.3；
2.3) nuclear leakage signal is transferred to power-supply controller of electric 1.7, the power supply control by the signal receiving processor CPU1.3
Device 1.7 starts fixed radiation dosage collector 2 and works.
The detailed process that the fixed radiation dosage collector 2 works are as follows:
The fixed radiation dosage collector 2 includes small-sized radiation detector and data transmission module；
Nuclear radiation information in the small-sized radiation detector acquisition environment；
The data transmission module is believed the position where nuclear radiation information and small-sized radiation detector by data communication network 3
Breath is passed back to data processing centre；
Data processing in the minds of the Data processing and display 5 are started to work, by the live nuclear radiation information being passed back to and
Location information aggregation process forms graphical information distribution map；Find safe escape route.
As shown in figure 3, a kind of nuclear radiation booting-self controller device, including scintillator 1.1, photodiode switch 1.2, signal
Receive processor CPU1.3, ray window 1.4, shielding shell 1.5, diffuse-reflective material 1.6 and power-supply controller of electric 1.7；The sudden strain of a muscle
Bright body 1.1, photodiode switch 1.2, signal receiving processor CPU1.3 and the setting of diffuse-reflective material 1.6 are in shielding shell
In 1.5,1.4 phase of ray window is in shielding shell 1.5；The ray window 1.4, diffuse-reflective material 1.6, scintillator
1.1, it is sequentially connected between photodiode switch 1.2, signal receiving processor CPU1.3 and power-supply controller of electric 1.7.
As shown in Fig. 2, in nuclear power station ambient enviroment band, from containment, 3 kilometers, 5 kilometers to 30 kilometers, such as in figure
The area A be containment range, the area B be 3 kilometer ranges, the area C be 5 kilometer ranges, and so on.Each radiation length range
It is exactly that fixed radiation dosage collector 2 is all uniformly distributed within the scope of the different distance of ring nuclear power station, it is each fixed existing
Field dose of radiation collector 2 all carries corresponding small-sized radiation detector and data transmission module.Radiate booting-self controller
Device 1, that is, the critical component started automatically of the invention use the time when nuclear leakage does not occur in order to extend detector,
Reduce maintenance cost.Only have the signal receiving processor CPU1.3 in nuclear radiation booting-self controller device 1 in running order at this time.
The other component of the detection system is in off working state.Entire detector system is in low power consumpting state.
When suddenly nuclear leakage occurs for nuclear power station, that is, after the accident, whole system all works.Nuclear leakage occurs
When, since high-energy ray is diffused in plant area's range, high intensity rays pass through ray window 1.4 and diffuse-reflective material 1.6, choosing
Aluminium foil is selected as diffuse-reflective material, the scintillator 1.1 in nuclear radiation booting-self controller device 1 is just by on-site high intensity rays at this time
Ionization excites, and selection atomic number is big in this case, the biggish CdZnTe scintillator of band gap, and volume is 1 × 1 × 1 cm3.Flashing
Body generates photon because of the effect that ionization excites, to shine, and the photon that scintillator generates can effectively be scattered by aluminium foil, with
And other photons enter photodiode switch 1.2, realize the maximization that photon utilizes, photodiode receives photon letter
Number, this signal is transferred to signal receiving processor CPU1.3 by way of switch on and off, at this time signal receiving processor
CPU1.3 receives this signal, just starts power-supply controller of electric 1.7, and power-supply controller of electric 1.7 starts fixed radiation dosage
Collector 2 works, and selects stereotype that entire module can be effectively protected as the shielding material of shielding shell 1.5 in present case
Not by the destruction of high-energy ray, still worked normally in nuclear leakage.
The starting of corresponding alarm 4 can notify field personnel nuclear accident occur at the first time.Receive alarm control
Signaling module processed can receive the number letter from the signal receiving processor CPU1.3 radioactive substance leakage issued in time
Number.And give signal feedback transmission to sending sound and light alarm signal module in time.At this time this module can to monitoring center and
Surrounding staff or even entire plant area issue sound and light alarm signal, so that plant area staff makes emergency preplan early and uses up
Fast decision finds out leakage point, checks accident, evacuating people.
As shown in figure 4, small-sized radiation detector, including positive wire 6, negative wire 7, protective film 8, lead shell 9, window
10, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) pedestal 11.The present invention uses Cs(Ti) detector, scintillator used in detector is Bin Song company of Japan
Production, having a size of the mm of mm × 25 of 52 mm × 52, strong (TyVek) paper is defended to CsI(Ti using spy) crystal packs, and it is special
Defending strong paper is a kind of good diffuse-reflective material, has very high reflectivity.Optical diode is produced by Bin Song company, model
For S3584-008L, with a thickness of 0.3 mm, area is the mm of 35.5mm × 35.5.After optical diode is coupled in crystal by silicone grease
On surface.
The more distance ranges of small-sized radiation detector, Dispersed precipitate.After ray outburst, data transmission module can will be detected
Device location information itself and the roentgen dose X detected and nucleic information are passed back in monitoring by data communication network module 3
The heart.The staff of monitoring center can be based on generalized information system, the radioactive substance that will be transmitted back in data processing and display module 5
Information and position distribution realize graphical representation.Data processing and display module 5 in Fig. 2 can significantly find out two o'clock
Nuclear leakage sublingual gland intensity in region is larger.Star size represents transmitted intensity, and position is possible leaking area, and can be speculated
Transmitted intensity Minimum Area, the irradiation to select best evacuation route, to avoid staff by large dosage of ray.Wherein
A dashed circle and B dashed circle are range of scatter, the range of nuclear power plant area containment and 3 kilometers are respectively represented, in display mould
Block can intuitively see the range of scatter of current transmitted intensity, and have direct mark to high intensity rays region.These
Location information and transmitted intensity information be all by signal processor processes after, just show, be more convenient staff
Viewing.All information being transmitted back to all are stored in data memory module.
Fixed radiation dosage acquisition module of the present invention, which uses, numbers form corresponding with geographical location,
Corresponding geographical location information is stored in data center, when nuclear accident occurs, signal that different radiation detectors are transmitted back to
And graphical representation can be presented in data processing and display module in the information such as roentgen dose X, nuclide composition, and according to this dosage point
Cloth information map, analysis obtain the radioactive substance intensity of nuclear leakage range and each region, take best nuclear emergency prediction scheme,
Emergency route is found as early as possible, and realization personnel withdraw, and reduce casualties.
Fixed radiation dosage collector of the present invention is multiple spot, multiregion distribution, and uniform ring is around nuclear power
It stands, overcomes original fixed lesser technical problem of detection system investigative range.Small-sized radiation detector is multipoint mode distribution,
And be distributed in the range of the different distance of ring plant area, from containment, 3 kilometers, 5 kilometers to 30 kilometers, so as to can be in thing
Therefore the intensity and species type information that the radioactive substance at the first time, being transmitted back to according to small-sized radiation detector occurs are also
The location information that detector itself carries, analysis obtain the letter such as radioactive substance range of scatter and activity, species type
Breath, makes the urgent prediction scheme of best nuclear emergency, determines the best evacuation route of personnel.There is phase around each minimonitor of nuclear power station
The database purchase of the number answered and geographical location information in data center.Data transmission module, energy are had on radiation detector
It is enough collected transmitted intensity and nucleic information to pass through data communication network returned data processing center in real time.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is merely illustrative for the purpose of the present invention, and not restrictive
's.Those skilled in the art understand that in the spirit and scope defined by the claims in the present invention many changes can be carried out to it,
It modifies or even equivalent, but falls within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of Nuclear or Radiological Emergency detection system, which is characterized in that including nuclear radiation booting-self controller device (1) and fixed scene
Dose of radiation collector (2)；
The nuclear radiation booting-self controller device (1) is used for when sensing that nuclear leakage occurs for nuclear power station, starts fixed live spoke
Penetrate dosage collector (2) work；
The fixed radiation dosage collector (2) is used to acquire the nuclear radiation that nuclear power station occurs when nuclear leakage in environment and believes
Breath；
The nuclear radiation booting-self controller device (1) and fixed radiation dosage collector (2) are distributed around nuclear power station.
2. a kind of Nuclear or Radiological Emergency detection system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The fixed radiation dosage collector (2) includes small-sized radiation detector and data transmission module；
The small-sized radiation detector is for acquiring nuclear radiation information；
The data transmission module is used for the small-sized collected nuclear radiation information of radiation detector and the small-sized radiation
Location information where detector is passed back to data processing centre.
3. a kind of Nuclear or Radiological Emergency detection system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that further include data communication network
(3), alarm (4) and data processing and display (5)；
The data communication network (3) is used to the data transmission module information being passed back to data processing centre；
The alarm (4) includes receiving alarm control signal module and sending sound and light alarm signal module；
The nuclear leakage information for receiving alarm control signal module and being used to sense the nuclear radiation booting-self controller device (1)
It feeds back to and issues sound and light alarm signal module；
The data processing and display (5) include signal processor, display and data storage；
The signal processor is for handling the collected nuclear radiation information of the small-sized radiation detector and the small-sized radiation
Location information where detector；
The display is for showing the collected nuclear radiation information of the small-sized radiation detector and the small-sized radiation detection
Location information where device；
The data storage is for storing the collected nuclear radiation information of the small-sized radiation detector and the small-sized radiation
Location information where detector.
4. a kind of Nuclear or Radiological Emergency detection system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the small-sized radiation detector
For multipoint mode distribution, it is distributed from containment, 3 kilometers, 5 kilometers to 30 kilometers.
5. a kind of Nuclear or Radiological Emergency detection system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that installed around the nuclear power station
One or more concatenated nuclear radiation booting-self controller devices (1) are at least installed two concatenated fixed radiation dosage and are adopted
Storage (2).
6. a kind of Nuclear or Radiological Emergency detection method, which is characterized in that specific step is as follows:
1) when nuclear leakage does not occur for nuclear power station to be detected, the nuclear radiation booting-self controller device (1) is in running order, fixed
Radiation dosage collector (2) is in standby；
2) when nuclear leakage occurs for nuclear power station to be detected, the nuclear radiation booting-self controller device (1) starts fixed radiation agent
Collector (2) work is measured, the nuclear radiation information in environment is acquired.
7. a kind of Nuclear or Radiological Emergency detection method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the specific mistake of the step 2
Journey are as follows:
2.1) the nuclear radiation booting-self controller device (1) includes scintillator (1.1), photodiode switch (1.2), signal reception
Processor CPU(1.3), ray window (1.4), shielding shell (1.5) and diffuse-reflective material (1.6) and power-supply controller of electric (1.7)；
The ray window (1.4) passes through diffusing reflection material for receiving the high-energy ray generated when nuclear leakage, the high-energy ray
Expect (1.6), reaches scintillator (1.1)；
2.2) scintillator (1.1) is ionized by the high-energy ray and excites, and shines and generates photon；
The photodiode switch (1.2) is acted on by photon, and nuclear leakage signal is transferred to signal by way of on-off
Receive processor CPU(1.3)；
2.3) the signal receiving processor CPU(1.3) nuclear leakage signal is transferred to power-supply controller of electric (1.7), the power supply
Controller (1.7) starts fixed radiation dosage collector (2) work.
8. a kind of Nuclear or Radiological Emergency detection method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the fixed radiation
The detailed process of dosage collector (2) work are as follows:
The fixed radiation dosage collector (2) includes small-sized radiation detector and data transmission module；
Nuclear radiation information in the small-sized radiation detector acquisition environment；
The data transmission module passes through data communication network (3) for the position where nuclear radiation information and small-sized radiation detector
Information is passed back to data processing centre；
Data processing and display (5) in the minds of the Data processing are started to work, the live nuclear radiation information that will be passed back to
With location information aggregation process, graphical information distribution map is formed；Find safe escape route.
9. a kind of nuclear radiation booting-self controller device, which is characterized in that including scintillator (1.1), photodiode switch (1.2),
Signal receiving processor CPU(1.3), ray window (1.4), shielding shell (1.5), diffuse-reflective material (1.6) and power supply control
Device (1.7)；The scintillator (1.1), photodiode switch (1.2), signal receiving processor CPU(1.3) and diffusing reflection material
(1.6) setting is expected in shielding shell (1.5), and ray window (1.4) is mutually in shielding shell (1.5)；The ray window
(1.4), diffuse-reflective material (1.6), scintillator (1.1), photodiode switch (1.2), signal receiving processor CPU(1.3)
It is sequentially connected between power-supply controller of electric (1.7).
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