CN108982407A - A method of probing into the soil optimum moisture content of detection soil nitrogen using near infrared spectrum - Google Patents
A method of probing into the soil optimum moisture content of detection soil nitrogen using near infrared spectrum Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 143
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010238 partial least squares regression Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 25
- 229910001710 laterite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011504 laterite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012488 sample solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000698776 Duma Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003283 Pachira macrocarpa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000001085 Trapa natans Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014364 Trapa natans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009165 saligot Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/359—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using near infrared light
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of soil optimum moisture content that detection soil nitrogen is probed into using near infrared spectrum, after including: the nitrogen concentration solution that soil sample is mixed to different gradients, it is pressed into thin slice and is divided into square, it is stirred evenly after separately taking a equivalent soil sample to mix with distilled water, it is pressed into the thin slice of same size, and record of weighing；Drying time is set, the weight of weighing record thin section of soil after each drying time；The spectral information of pedotheque block after using each drying time of near infrared spectra collection；The prediction model for establishing spectroscopic data and Soil Nitrogen Content determines the use of the soil optimum moisture content of near infrared spectrum detection soil nitrogen according to modeling effect.The present invention not only saves time cost, but also can reach the soil optimum moisture content of soil nitrogen detection higher forecasting precision, closer to real-time, on-line checking Soil Nitrogen Content demand in the actual environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil constituent detection technique fields, and in particular to a kind of to probe into detection soil using near infrared spectrum
The method of the soil optimum moisture content of nitrogen.
Background technique
Soil is the matrix in most of crop supply nutrient source, is important substance and energy exchange place.Nitrogen
Content is to measure the important indicator of soil fertility, and the nitrogen level of soil directly affects the growth and development situation of crop.Therefore, fastly
Speed, the accurately nitrogen element content in acquisition soil all have understanding soil nutrient information, real-time monitoring dose important
Directive significance.Traditionally using chemical means such as Dumas combustion detection soil in nitrogen element content method testing result compared with
To be accurate, but entire detection process is complicated, and detection time is long and generally needs to destroy sample, and economic benefit is low.Using close red
Outer sensor detection soil total N content advantage lossless with its, quick, portable is in widespread attention, and it is fast to meet precision agriculture
Fast, accurate and real-time requirement.
Can quickly detect the nitrogen element content in soil using near-infrared spectrum technique, detection process quickly, accurate, nothing
Pollution.In recent years, it is domestic and international researcher's research shows that using near-infrared spectrum technique detection soil nitrogen concentrations accuracy
Largely still influenced by soil moisture content.Once waited people quietly using MPA Fourier near infrared sensor to different water cut
The purple soil of amount carries out near infrared spectra collection, shows in the case where the same content of organic matter is horizontal, and water content increases, soil extinction
Degree is in non-linear ascendant trend, and under the conditions of compared with high-moisture, model prediction accuracy is low.Liu et al. people compares 4 kinds of spectrum transfers
The performance of strategy shows that Orthogonal Signal Correction Analyze and Generalized Least Square weight this to reduce the influence that soil moisture predicts total nitrogen
Two kinds of spectrum transition strategies can preferably eliminate the influence of soil moisture.Annia Garcia et al. is the study found that soil grain
The size of diameter and water content is affected to Soil spectroscopy characteristics.And when soil moisture content is larger, it will affect near infrared spectrum
Predict the precision of total nitrogen content of soil.Kuang et al. is right in order to probe into influence of the soil moisture content to detection organic carbon and total nitrogen
Soil carries out monitoring in real time, under 24 hours 3 kinds of schemes of nature and drying, the results showed that the effect of real-time detection soil nitrogen
Fruit is worst, and detection effect under natural conditions is taken second place, best by the detection effect of drying.
Although some researchers proposed the prediction model effects of the soil nitrogen concentrations when soil moisture content is higher compared with
Difference, influence of most of study limitations in moisture near infrared spectrum, and the prediction model established under specific moisture is difficult to
Meet the forecast demand under different water cut.Therefore, it probes into one and not only saves time cost, but also higher forecasting precision can be reached
Soil optimum moisture content, closer to real-time, on-line checking Soil Nitrogen Content demand in the actual environment, to using near-infrared
Spectral analysis technique accurately realizes the quick detection of the nutrients such as soil nitrogen to research and develop device for fast detecting with great value.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides it is a kind of using near infrared spectrum probe into detection soil nitrogen soil optimum moisture content method,
Improve the precision of soil nitrogen detection.
A kind of soil optimum moisture content using near infrared spectrum detection soil nitrogen, comprising:
Step 1, pedotheque is prepared, the method is as follows:
Step 1-1, it takes several pieces soil sample to be uniformly mixed with the aqueous solution of urea solution of different N concentration gradient, is pressed into
Simultaneously cutting is blocking for uniform sheet；
Step 1-2, it is stirred evenly after separately taking a equivalent soil sample to mix with distilled water, is pressed into the thin of same size
Piece, and record of weighing；
Step 2, drying parameter is set, drying time is set as 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours, 6 is small
When, 7 hours, 8 hours and 24 hours, oven temperature was 80 DEG C, the soil in the recording step 1-2 that weighs after each drying time
The weight of earth thin slice；
Step 3, it according to the weight before drying with thin section of soil after each drying time, calculates corresponding under each drying time
Soil moisture content；
Step 4, several pieces under each nitrogen concentration are taken out after each drying time, utilize near infrared spectra collection sample
The spectral information of block；
Step 5, by the relational model of spectral information input spectrum signal and Soil Nitrogen Content, according to modeling, effect is true
Surely the soil optimum moisture content of near infrared spectrum detection soil nitrogen is utilized.
Present invention preferably employs the laterite sample of Zhejiang Qingyuan County, soil types is laterite, in acid red, natural excavation
It is pollution-free.
In the prior art, it when carrying out soil nitrogen detection, is influenced by soil moisture content, detection accuracy is lower, and existing
There is the influence for generalling use the way of drying 24 hours in research to exclude soil moisture content to detection effect, however is actually answering
Too high with middle required time cost, detection efficiency is low.The present invention passes through the soil probed into and detect soil nitrogen using near infrared spectrum
Earth optimum moisture content improves detection efficiency while improving detection accuracy, obtains optimal detection essence with minimum time cost
Degree, provides theories integration for the higher portable instrument of subsequent development precision.
Preferably, the aqueous solution of urea in step 1-1 is formulated by different nitrogen concentration by urea granules, solution
Concentration be respectively as follows: 0g/kg, 0.1g/kg, 0.15g/kg, 0.2g/kg, 0.25g/kg, 0.3g/kg, 0.35g/kg, 0.4g/kg,
0.45g/kg。
In step 1-1, the dosage of aqueous solution of urea and soil sample is 15mL:100g.
In step 1-1, aqueous solution of urea and soil sample need to be sufficiently mixed uniformly, guarantee that nitrogen is equal in soil sample
Even distribution, in favor of the accuracy of subsequent spectrum collection result.
Preferably, soil moisture content is measured according to following methods:
Step I stirs evenly after taking 100g soil sample to mix with 15ml distilled water, is equally pressed into soil compressing plate identical big
Small thin slice, and record of weighing；
The thin section of soil in step I is taken out and weighed after step II, each drying time, when calculating each drying
Between under soil moisture content.
Preferably, the calculation method of soil moisture content is shown in formulaWherein, WC is aqueous
Rate, WfreshThe weight of soil, W after for current drying timedryFor the dry weight that soil is final.
Preferably, near infrared spectra collection wavelength band is 900nm-1700nm in step 4, light can be collected
Intensity, reflectance and trap, are arranged 400 points of every near infrared spectra collection, and average every scan 3 times obtains a spectrogram
Picture.
In step 4, in order to reduce the influence that experimental situation light and fluorescent lamp acquire spectral information, spectra collection is in dark
In the environment of carry out.
The smooth one side of pedotheque block is chosen in step 4, when measuring, measures 810 pedotheque blocks altogether.
Preferably, the relational model of input spectrum signal and Soil Nitrogen Content described in step 5, with Soil Nitrogen Content
Soil is established respectively using Partial Least Squares Regression and without information variable null method using spectral information as dependent variable for independent variable
Nitrogen estimation model.
A kind of method of soil optimum moisture content for probing into detection soil nitrogen using near infrared spectrum provided by the invention,
The correlation for quantitatively probing into the precision of soil moisture content and near infrared spectrum detection soil nitrogen, seek one both saved the time at
This, and the soil moisture content of degree of precision can be reached, and the moisture content of soil is demarcated with drying time, closer in reality
Real-time, on-line checking Soil Nitrogen Content demand in environment provides certain reason for research and development soil nitrogen device for fast detecting
By support.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages that
(1) sample preparation is simple, does not need to carry out sample complicated be ground up, sieved and compressing tablet process；
(2) correlation of soil moisture content near infrared spectrum detection soil nitrogen precision is quantitatively probed into, proposition is more saved
The detection scheme of time cost；
(3) instrumentation is simple, and the quick detection to soil nitrogen may be implemented.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of method for the soil optimum moisture content that detection soil nitrogen is probed into using near infrared spectrum of the present invention
Flow chart；
Fig. 2 is the relational graph of soil moisture content and drying time of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the corresponding atlas of near infrared spectra of optimum moisture content in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the corresponding PLS forecast set distribution map of optimum moisture content in the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the corresponding UVE forecast set distribution map of optimum moisture content in the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the PLS model foundation effect picture in the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the UVE model foundation effect picture in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, the soil for probing into detection soil nitrogen using near infrared spectrum a kind of to the present invention is most preferably aqueous
The method of rate is described in detail.
A method of the soil optimum moisture content of detection soil nitrogen is probed into using near infrared spectrum, as shown in Figure 1, packet
Include following steps:
(1) sample preparation
For the soil sample that the present embodiment uses from the laterite sample of Zhejiang Qingyuan County, soil types is laterite, in acid
Property it is red, naturally excavate pollution-free.
The method of sample preparation, comprising the following steps:
Firstly, using urea (CO (NH2)2) particle prepare respectively nitrogen concentration be 0g/kg, 0.1g/kg, 0.15g/kg,
The aqueous solution of urea of 0.2g/kg, 0.25g/kg, 0.3g/kg, 0.35g/kg, 0.4g/kg and 0.45g/kg, every part of solution 30ml,
Totally 9 parts of sample solutions；
Secondly, sample solution of every 100g soil sample respectively with 15mL different N concentration is taken to be sufficiently mixed, use
It is 10mm × 10mm that soil compressing plate (acrylic board), which is pressed into the uniform sheet of about 100mm × 100mm and is cut into about size, thick
Degree is the sample block of 2mm；
Finally, drying time is set as 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours, 6 hours, 7 hours, 8 hours and
24 hours, oven temperature was 80 DEG C, and each concentration takes out 10 sample blocks (totally 90 sample blocks) after each drying time.
(2) Soil Water Content Rate Determination
The measuring method of soil moisture content, comprising the following steps:
Firstly, being stirred evenly after taking 100g soil sample to mix with 15ml distilled water, equally it is pressed into soil compressing plate identical big
Small thin slice, and record of weighing；
Secondly, thin section of soil is taken out and weighed after each drying time, the soil under each drying time is calculated
Moisture content.The calculation method of soil moisture content is shown in formulaWherein, WC is moisture content, WfreshFor
The weight of soil, W after current drying timedryFor the dry weight that soil is final.
Finally, as shown in Figure 2 according to the relational graph of experiment gained soil moisture content and drying time
(3) spectrum obtains
This experiment use the optical near infrared ray beam splitting type spectrum measurement instruments of five water chestnuts, spectral band range, minute mark rate and
Scanning times can sets itself.Spectra collection wavelength band is 900nm-1700nm, can collect the intensity of light, reflectance
And trap；400 points of every spectra collection are set, and average every scan 3 times obtains a spectrum picture.In order to reduce experimental ring
The influence that border light and fluorescent lamp acquire spectral information, spectra collection carry out in dark conditions.Soil is chosen in measuring
The smooth one side of sample square measures 810 soil samples altogether.
(4) data processing
Near infrared light is the infrared electromagnetic wave between visible light in, and wavelength is between 700nm-1500nm, spectrum
Information is able to reflect gas chromatography and exists from frequency multiplication and the sum of fundamental frequencies overlapping of the hydric groups internal vibrations such as O-H, C-H, N-H
The characteristic signal of the SPECTRAL REGION, spectral information is stable and is easily obtained.Moisture in soil has higher near infrared band
Absorption coefficient, and spectrum is influenced by measured matter surface texture, roughness etc., therefore, is modeled using Chemical Measurement
Method extracts the effective information in spectrum, as shown in Figure 3.
(5) model foundation
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, the present invention is using Partial Least Squares Regression (PLS) and without information variable null method (UVE) two
Kind method establishes the prediction model of spectroscopic data and nitrogen element content.PLS using to the data information in system carry out decompose and
The mode of screening extracts strongest generalized variable explanatory to dependent variable；UVE, which passes through, artificially adds a random noise matrix,
According to noise matrix given threshold, the data point without effective information in spectrum matrix is rejected, is reduced included in final PLS model
Variable number to reduce the complexity of model.
As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, the present embodiment is using all band spectroscopic data after baseline correction, normalized as certainly
Variable X, total nitrogen content establish the total nitrogen content prediction model under each drying time as dependent variable Y.Wherein there are 90 samples for every group
This, wherein 60 samples are as modeling collection, 30 samples are as forecast set.Coefficient R reflects the level of intimate between variable,
The precision of root-mean-square error RMSE reflection measurement.Related coefficient is closer with 1, and root-mean-square error illustrates to predict mould closer to 0
The performance of type is better, and precision of forecasting model is higher.The calculation formula of coefficient R is as follows:
The calculation formula of root-mean-square error RMSE is as follows:
The result shows that: when drying 3 hours, soil moisture content are 1.03%, two kinds of prediction models are achieved highest pre-
Collection related coefficient is surveyed, PLS and UVE model is respectively 0.9712 and 0.9682, and RMSEP is respectively 0.342g/kg and 0.344g/
Kg, and the variation tendency of soil moisture content and the variation tendency of forecast set related coefficient are totally consistent.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method for the soil optimum moisture content for probing into detection soil nitrogen using near infrared spectrum, which is characterized in that packet
It includes:
Step 1, pedotheque is prepared, the method is as follows:
Step 1-1, it takes several pieces soil sample to be uniformly mixed with the aqueous solution of urea solution of different N concentration gradient, is pressed into uniformly
Simultaneously cutting is blocking for thin slice；
Step 1-2, it is stirred evenly after separately taking a equivalent soil sample to mix with distilled water, is pressed into the thin slice of same size, and
Weighing record；
Step 2, drying parameter is set, drying time is set as 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours, 6 hours, 7
Hour, 8 hours and 24 hours, oven temperature was 80 DEG C, and the soil in the recording step 1-2 that weighs after each drying time is thin
The weight of piece；
Step 3, according to the weight before drying with thin section of soil after each drying time, corresponding soil under each drying time is calculated
Earth moisture content；
Step 4, several pieces under each nitrogen concentration are taken out after each drying time, utilize near infrared spectra collection sample blocks
Spectral information；
Step 5, by the relational model of spectral information input spectrum signal and Soil Nitrogen Content, benefit is determined according to modeling effect
With the soil optimum moisture content of near infrared spectrum detection soil nitrogen.
2. the method for probing into the soil optimum moisture content of detection soil nitrogen using near infrared spectrum as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that, different nitrogen concentration are formulated by urea granules in step 1-1, solution concentration be respectively as follows: 0g/kg,
0.1g/kg、0.15g/kg、0.2g/kg、0.25g/kg、0.3g/kg、0.35g/kg、0.4g/kg、0.45g/kg。
3. the method for probing into the soil optimum moisture content of detection soil nitrogen using near infrared spectrum as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the proportion of aqueous solution of urea/distilled water and soil sample is 15mL:100g in step 1.
4. the method for probing into the soil optimum moisture content of detection soil nitrogen using near infrared spectrum as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the calculation method of soil moisture content is shown in formula in step 3Wherein, WC be containing
Water rate, WfreshThe weight of soil, W after for current drying timedryFor the dry weight that soil is final.
5. the method for probing into the soil optimum moisture content of detection soil nitrogen using near infrared spectrum as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that, taking 10 soil sample squares under each nitrogen concentration after each drying time, totally 9 nitrogen in step 4
Concentration of element takes 90 samples for spectra collection altogether every time, shares 9 drying times, and total sample number is 810.
6. the method for probing into the soil optimum moisture content of detection soil nitrogen using near infrared spectrum as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the wavelength band of near infrared spectra collection is 900nm-1700nm, 400 points of every spectra collection are set, are put down
Every scan 3 times obtains a spectrum picture.
7. the method for probing into the soil optimum moisture content of detection soil nitrogen using near infrared spectrum as described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that, in step 5, using Partial Least Squares Regression and spectroscopic data is established without information variable null method contain with Soil Nitrogen
The prediction model of amount determines soil optimum moisture content corresponding with best modeled effect.
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Application publication date: 20181211 |