CN108980276B - High-speed train wheel damping ring based on phononic crystal - Google Patents
High-speed train wheel damping ring based on phononic crystal Download PDFInfo
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- CN108980276B CN108980276B CN201810833078.XA CN201810833078A CN108980276B CN 108980276 B CN108980276 B CN 108980276B CN 201810833078 A CN201810833078 A CN 201810833078A CN 108980276 B CN108980276 B CN 108980276B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/10—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system
- F16F15/12—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon
- F16F15/121—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon using springs as elastic members, e.g. metallic springs
- F16F15/124—Elastomeric springs
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-speed rail train wheel vibration damping ring based on phononic crystals, which is characterized in that: comprises an inner ring, an outer ring, a Brass lattice type phononic crystal vibration isolation ring, a local resonance type phononic crystal vibration isolation component, a connecting rod, a vibration transmission ring and a vacuum sucker. The invention has simple integral structure, convenient manufacture and lower requirement on working environment, and can be used for reducing the noise generated by the high-speed railway train wheels, improving the noise and vibration characteristics of the high-speed railway train wheels, improving the working environment of workers and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of vibration reduction and noise reduction of rail transit, and particularly relates to a high-speed train wheel vibration reduction ring based on phononic crystals.
Background
At present, the high-speed railway in China enters a rapid development era, along with the improvement of the running speed of the train, the dynamic interaction of the high-speed train and a track structure is remarkably intensified, the vibration problem of the track structure is increasingly prominent, particularly the problem of wheel track noise, and the health condition and the service life of the track structure, and the safety and the comfort of the running of the train are directly influenced. In addition, environmental vibration and noise pollution caused when high-speed rails pass through residential areas and urban areas have adverse effects on the working and living health of neighboring residents along the line, the normal use of neighboring buildings and precise instruments, and the like, and become the most representative environmental problems.
The wheel-rail noise and bridge structure noise with slow attenuation, strong penetrating power and long propagation distance have certain harm to the physiological functions of a human body, such as a cardiovascular system, a nervous system, a visual system, an auditory system, an endocrine system and the like, and low-frequency noise in certain frequency bands even can cause symptoms of heart disease, hypertension and the like. The vibration and noise reduction effect of the current wheel-rail noise control measures in a low frequency range is not ideal.
The phononic crystal is a composite material formed by two or more elastic media according to different lattice period sequences. In the phononic crystal, materials with different densities and elastic constants are periodically compounded together according to a structure, the materials which are not communicated with each other are called scatterers, and the materials which are communicated into a whole are called matrixes. One of the most important characteristics of a phononic crystal is the band gap characteristic: when elastic waves propagate in the photonic crystal, a special dispersion relation can be formed under the action of an internal periodic structure, namely a band gap, the frequency range between dispersion relation curves is called as a band gap, and the elastic waves cannot propagate in the frequency range. By utilizing the property of band gap, a brand new vibration isolation and noise reduction material can be designed, so that the phononic crystal has wide application prospect in the engineering field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a phononic crystal-based high-speed rail train wheel vibration damping ring for reducing vibration in medium and low frequency domains.
Specifically, the invention provides a high-speed train wheel vibration damping ring based on phononic crystals, which is characterized in that: comprises an inner ring, an outer ring, a Brass lattice type phononic crystal vibration isolation ring, a local resonance type phononic crystal vibration isolation component, a connecting rod, a vibration transmission ring and a vacuum sucker.
Further, it is characterized in that: the inner ring and the outer ring are connected through a connecting rod, the local resonance type photonic crystal vibration isolation assemblies are connected to the inner ring in a welding mode, the adjacent local resonance type photonic crystal vibration isolation assemblies are connected through a Brass lattice type photonic crystal vibration isolation ring, the vibration transmission ring is embedded in the Brass lattice type photonic crystal vibration isolation ring, and the whole structure is installed and fixed on a high-speed train wheel through a vacuum chuck.
Further, it is characterized in that: circular hole grooves are processed on the Bragg type photonic crystal vibration isolation ring, and annular scatterer sheets are uniformly and fixedly arranged in the grooves periodically.
Further, it is characterized in that: the substrate of the local resonance type photonic crystal vibration isolation component is of an arc-shaped thin-layer structure, a circular groove is machined on the thin-layer structure, and a spherical local resonance unit is arranged in the groove.
Further, it is characterized in that: the basal body of the Brass lattice type phononic crystal vibration absorption rod piece is made of resin materials, and the scatterers periodically uniformly distributed and fixedly arranged in the groove processed on the cylindrical rod piece are made of aluminum.
Further, it is characterized in that: the arc-shaped lamellar matrix structure of the local resonance type photonic crystal vibration isolation component is made of resin materials, spherical resonance units are arranged in a circular groove processed on the lamellar structure, a sphere is made of lead materials, and a layer of rubber body is coated outside the sphere.
Further, it is characterized in that: the outer ring, the inner ring and the connecting rod are all made of high-strength alloy steel materials, and the vibration transmission ring is made of common steel materials.
Further, it is characterized in that: threaded holes are processed on the outer ring and the inner ring.
Further, it is characterized in that: the number of the local resonance type photonic crystal vibration isolation assemblies is at least four, and the local resonance type photonic crystal vibration isolation assemblies are symmetrically arranged relative to the inner ring.
Further, it is characterized in that: the Bragg type phononic crystal vibration isolation ring is at least three layers.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the phononic crystal structure is introduced into the field of vibration reduction and isolation of overhead rail transit, and vibration isolation is realized by utilizing the band gap characteristic of the phononic crystal structure;
2. through the optimal combination with two kinds of different phononic crystal structures, greatly improved vibration isolation efficiency, wherein: (1) the introduction of the Bragg type phononic crystal vibration isolation ring is beneficial to realizing vibration isolation in a medium-high frequency range; due to the band gap effect of the Bragg scattering type photonic crystal with pretightening force, vibration excitation is attenuated in the photonic crystal band gap within a certain frequency band range, and meanwhile, the arrangement of the multilayer Bragg type photonic crystal vibration isolation rings greatly prolongs the period number of the periodic structure and further improves the vibration isolation effect;
(2) the introduction of the local resonance type photonic crystal vibration isolation assembly is beneficial to realizing vibration isolation in a medium and low frequency range; under the excitation of elastic waves with specific frequency, a single scatterer generates resonance and interacts with incident waves, so that the effective mass density is mutated, a band gap structure is generated, finally, the vibration excitation is attenuated in a band gap within a certain frequency band range, and meanwhile, a local resonance type photonic crystal structure is arranged in a leaf shape, so that the material is saved while the periodic structure periodicity is met;
3. the invention has simple structure and is easy to install and disassemble.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a high-speed train wheel damping ring based on phononic crystals according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of a section of a Bragg-type phononic crystal vibration isolation ring after straightening;
FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of the structure of a localized resonance type photonic crystal vibration isolation assembly;
fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of the mounting of the fixture to the wheel.
Detailed Description
The features of the present invention and other related features are described in further detail below by way of example in conjunction with the following drawings to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art:
the first embodiment is as follows: the vibration damping ring for the wheels of the high-speed rail train based on the phononic crystal according to the embodiment is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 3, and comprises an outer ring 1, an inner ring 2, a bragg type phononic crystal vibration isolation ring 3, a local resonance type phononic crystal vibration isolation assembly 4, a connecting rod 5, a vibration transmission ring 7 and a vacuum chuck 6;
wherein, the Brass lattice type phononic crystal vibration isolation ring 3 is processed with a round hole type groove 8, and the ring-shaped scatterer sheets are periodically arranged in the groove 8.
The substrate of the local resonance type photonic crystal vibration isolation component 4 is an arc-shaped thin-layer structure, a circular groove is processed on the thin-layer structure, and the spherical local resonance units 9 are periodically arranged in the groove.
Inner ring 2 and outer loop 1 pass through connecting rod 5 to be connected, and local resonance type phonon crystal vibration isolation subassembly 4 connects on inner ring 2 through the welded mode, and adjacent local resonance type phonon crystal vibration isolation subassembly 4 connects through brave lattice type phonon crystal vibration isolation ring 3, and vibration transmission ring 7 nestification is in brave lattice type phonon crystal vibration isolation ring 3, and overall structure passes through the screw hole of processing on outer loop 1 and the inner ring 2, utilizes fixing device 5 installation to fix on high-speed railway train wheel.
Preferably, the diffuser of the bragg photonic crystal vibration isolation ring is an annular sheet structure that matches the circular hole-type grooves 9 on the ring. By the arrangement, the processing is convenient, the period number of the periodic material scatterer is greatly increased, and the vibration isolation effect in the band gap is remarkably improved.
Preferably, the base of the local resonance type photonic crystal vibration isolation assembly 4 is an arc-shaped thin layer structure, and the spherical local resonance units 8 are periodically arranged in grooves on the base structure. By the arrangement, on the basis of meeting and greatly increasing the structural cycle number, the processing is convenient, and the material is saved.
Preferably, threaded holes matched with the threads processed on the connecting rod 5 are respectively processed on the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2. So set up, be convenient for the equipment of whole structure.
Preferably, the outer ring 1 is provided with threaded holes matched with the screws on the vacuum chuck 6. So set up, make full use of the easy characteristics of installing of vacuum chuck, can conveniently install and dismantle on the wheel. Meanwhile, the vacuum chuck can not generate abrasion to the wheel.
Preferably, the basal body of the Bragg type photonic crystal vibration isolation ring 3 is made of resin materials, and the scatterers periodically and fixedly arranged in the groove 8 processed on the cylindrical rod piece are all made of aluminum.
Preferably, the arc-shaped laminar base structure of the local resonance type photonic crystal vibration isolation assembly 4 is made of resin materials, spherical resonance units 9 are arranged in circular grooves processed on the laminar structure, the cylinder is made of lead materials, and a layer of rubber materials is coated outside the cylinder.
Preferably, the vibration transmission ring 7 is made of a steel material. So set up, be convenient for better vibration transmission.
Preferably, the outer ring 1, the connecting rod 5 and the inner ring 2 are all made of high strength alloy steel material. So set up, guaranteed that the structure has sufficient bearing capacity, protect inner structure simultaneously, prolong the life of structure.
Preferably, the number of the local resonance type phononic crystal vibration isolation assemblies 4 is at least four, and the number of the Bragg type phononic crystal vibration isolation rings 3 is at least three. So set up, guarantee the minimum cycle number of periodic structure.
The installation process of the phononic crystal-based high-speed train wheel damping ring is described in the following with reference to the attached drawings:
(1) the round hole type groove 8 is processed on the Bragg type phonon crystal vibration isolation ring 3, and the ring-shaped sheet-shaped scatterer structure is embedded into the round hole type groove 8, so that the assembly of the Bragg type phonon crystal vibration isolation ring is completed.
(2) The Brass lattice type phononic crystal vibration isolation ring 3 is hollowed, and a vibration transmission ring 7 is embedded into the Brass lattice type phononic crystal vibration isolation ring 4; the arc-shaped lamellar base body structure is provided with a round hole groove, and the spherical local vibration isolation unit 9 is embedded into the round hole groove to complete the assembly of the local resonance type photonic crystal vibration isolation component 4.
(3) The local resonance type photonic crystal vibration isolation components 4 are welded on the inner ring 2 in a welding mode, and the adjacent local resonance type photonic crystal vibration isolation components 4 are connected by utilizing the Bragg type photonic crystal vibration isolation ring 3.
(4) The inner ring 2 and the outer ring 1 are connected into a whole through a connecting rod 5 by utilizing threaded holes processed on the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 1. And finishing the assembly of the integral structure.
(5) And the whole structure is adsorbed on the high-speed train wheel through the vacuum chuck 6 by utilizing the threaded holes processed on the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 1. And finishing the installation and application of the integral structure.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, in order to prevent the failure of the vacuum chuck, the vibration damping ring of the present invention is further provided with a fixing cover 11, and after the vacuum chuck 6 is mounted on the wheel, the fixing cover 11 covers the vacuum chuck 6 and further fixes the vacuum chuck 6 by fixedly connecting with the wheel 14. More specifically, the fixed shroud 11 comprises a shroud extending at 90 degrees to the shroud, a skirt at the bottom of the shroud, and a T-shaped axle structure 13 attached to the skirt. Wherein, the cover body is provided with an opening at a position without the T-shaped shaft structure 13 for the passage of the vacuum chuck 6, and the upper end of the cover body is provided with a slot for facilitating the access of the connecting part of the vacuum chuck. The skirt part is not in contact with the wheel, the T-shaped shaft structure 13 can be placed in a T-shaped groove on the wheel, the T-shaped groove on the wheel is of a long strip-shaped structure, and the T-shaped peripheral structure 13 can move along the T-shaped groove.
During operation, after vacuum chuck installs on the wheel, insert the dovetail groove on the wheel with the T type axle construction 13 of fixed cover 11 (the notch in inserted position is great, conveniently inserts) to remove along the dovetail groove, remove gradually to the position that the cover body of fixed cover 11 covered vacuum chuck 6, and then realize fixed to vacuum chuck, it applys decurrent power to vacuum chuck, place its easy gas leakage, and even gas leakage, owing to the fixed of fixed cover 11, make vacuum chuck and damping ring be unlikely to fall from the wheel. When it is desired to remove the vacuum cup, the tool is extended from the aperture 12 between the skirt and the wheel 14. The vacuum chuck 6 is preferably provided with a small groove at the periphery of the wheel contact position, which does not communicate with the inside of the vacuum chuck, so as not to leak air. Through this recess of instrument embedding and exerting sled power, make things convenient for vacuum chuck's taking off.
Preferably, the top of the cover body is not a completely flat structure, but is slightly larger in size at the opening position to facilitate the entry of the vacuum chuck, and is smaller in size at the position far away from the opening position to realize the tight pressing of the vacuum chuck.
Preferably, an elastic part is arranged at the top of the T-shaped groove on the wheel, and the elastic part is clamped when the shaft moves to the position, so that the T-shaped shaft structure is not easy to fall off from the position; so set up, can play better fixed action, prevent that vacuum chuck from dropping and arousing the drop of damping ring structure.
The working engineering of the phononic crystal-based high-speed train wheel damping ring of the invention is described as follows: when a high-speed train runs on a track, vibration can be generated due to the fact that wheel track is not excited smoothly, when vibration is transmitted from wheels, the vibration excitation is attenuated within a vibration band gap of the photonic crystal of a Bragg scattering type with pretightening force due to the band gap effect of the photonic crystal of the Bragg scattering type with pretightening force, then the vibration is transmitted to the vibration isolation component of the local resonance photonic crystal through the vibration transmission ring, under the excitation of elastic waves of certain frequency, a single scatterer of the local resonance photonic crystal generates resonance and interacts with incident waves, so that the effective mass density is caused to generate mutation, a band gap structure is generated, and finally the vibration excitation is attenuated within the band gap of a certain frequency band range. The phononic crystal structure is introduced into the field of vibration reduction of high-speed railways, and two different phononic crystal structures are optimally combined, so that the vibration isolation function is realized, and the vibration isolation efficiency is greatly improved.
In the practical use process, the following factors are considered:
(1) the periodicity of the two types of phononic crystal vibration isolation structures. The period number of the two types of phononic crystal vibration isolation structures can be adjusted according to the geometric dimension of the whole structure and the size of the borne load.
(2) The number of vacuum suction cups. The number of vacuum cups can be adjusted according to the geometry of the train wheels and from the standpoint of ease of installation and removal.
(3) The size of the overall structure. The size of the whole structure can be adjusted according to the geometric dimension of the train wheels and the load borne by the structure. It should be noted that the geometric dimension of the high-speed train wheel damping ring based on the phononic crystal should be matched with the geometric dimension of the train wheel which is correspondingly installed.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention. Furthermore, although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a high-speed railway train wheel damping ring based on phononic crystal which characterized in that: the vibration isolation device comprises an inner ring, an outer ring, a Bragg type photonic crystal vibration isolation ring, a local resonance type photonic crystal vibration isolation assembly, a connecting rod, a vibration transmission ring and a vacuum chuck, wherein the inner ring and the outer ring are connected through the connecting rod, the local resonance type photonic crystal vibration isolation assembly is connected onto the inner ring in a welding mode, adjacent local resonance type photonic crystal vibration isolation assemblies are connected through the Bragg type photonic crystal vibration isolation ring, the vibration transmission ring is nested in the Bragg type photonic crystal vibration isolation ring, and the whole structure is fixed on a high-speed train wheel through the vacuum chuck.
2. The phononic crystal-based high-speed rail train wheel damping ring according to claim 1, wherein: circular hole grooves are processed on the Bragg type photonic crystal vibration isolation ring, and annular scatterer sheets are uniformly and fixedly arranged in the grooves periodically.
3. The phononic crystal-based high-speed rail train wheel damping ring according to claim 2, wherein: the substrate of the local resonance type photonic crystal vibration isolation component is of an arc-shaped thin-layer structure, a circular groove is machined on the thin-layer structure, and a spherical local resonance unit is arranged in the groove.
4. The phononic crystal-based high-speed rail train wheel damping ring according to claim 3, wherein: the basal body of the Brass lattice type phononic crystal vibration absorption rod piece is made of resin materials, and the scatterers which are periodically uniformly distributed and fixedly arranged in the groove processed on the cylindrical rod piece are made of aluminum.
5. The phononic crystal-based high-speed rail train wheel damping ring according to claim 4, wherein: the outer ring, the inner ring and the connecting rod are all made of high-strength alloy steel materials, and the vibration transmission ring is made of common steel materials.
6. The phononic crystal-based high-speed rail train wheel damping ring according to claim 5, wherein: threaded holes are processed on the outer ring and the inner ring.
7. The phononic crystal-based high-speed rail train wheel damping ring according to claim 6, wherein: the number of the local resonance type photonic crystal vibration isolation assemblies is at least four, and the local resonance type photonic crystal vibration isolation assemblies are symmetrically arranged relative to the inner ring.
8. The phononic crystal-based high-speed rail train wheel damping ring according to claim 7, wherein: the Bragg type phononic crystal vibration isolation ring is at least three layers.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810833078.XA CN108980276B (en) | 2018-07-26 | 2018-07-26 | High-speed train wheel damping ring based on phononic crystal |
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| CN201810833078.XA CN108980276B (en) | 2018-07-26 | 2018-07-26 | High-speed train wheel damping ring based on phononic crystal |
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| CN108980276A CN108980276A (en) | 2018-12-11 |
| CN108980276B true CN108980276B (en) | 2019-12-31 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109737992B (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2020-11-06 | 苏州星航综测科技有限公司 | Sensor structure with periodic band gap structure |
| CN109780153B (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2020-07-31 | 吉林大学 | Torsional vibration energy feedback device |
| CN110715008B (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2020-11-27 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Local resonance superstructure isolator |
| CN111120572B (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2021-04-23 | 长沙理工大学 | Ultralow-frequency torsion damping metamaterial |
| CN111824458B (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2021-09-07 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防科技创新研究院 | Satellite structure supporting system adopting porous phononic crystal shock absorption |
| CN112443621B (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-10-08 | 北京航空航天大学 | Passive damper for inhibiting cutting vibration of thin-wall workpiece |
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| US9354354B2 (en) * | 2013-01-04 | 2016-05-31 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Loose packed phoxonic crystals and methods of formation |
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