CN108976763B - Silicone oil modified polyurethane elastomer diaphragm and loudspeaker monomer - Google Patents

Silicone oil modified polyurethane elastomer diaphragm and loudspeaker monomer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108976763B
CN108976763B CN201810409980.9A CN201810409980A CN108976763B CN 108976763 B CN108976763 B CN 108976763B CN 201810409980 A CN201810409980 A CN 201810409980A CN 108976763 B CN108976763 B CN 108976763B
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silicone oil
diaphragm
polyurethane elastomer
modified polyurethane
chain extender
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CN108976763A (en
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王婷
吴增勋
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Goertek Inc
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Goertek Inc
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Priority to PCT/CN2018/110121 priority patent/WO2019210645A1/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/18Manufacture of films or sheets
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/08Processes
    • C08G18/10Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/61Polysiloxanes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/65Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/6505Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen the low-molecular compounds being compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38
    • C08G18/6511Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen the low-molecular compounds being compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 compounds of group C08G18/3203
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2375/00Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2375/04Polyurethanes

Abstract

The invention discloses a silicone oil modified polyurethane elastomer vibrating diaphragm and a loudspeaker monomer. This vibrating diaphragm includes: adding isocyanate, silicone oil with active hydrogen functional groups and a chain extender into a solvent for reaction, wherein the active hydrogen functional groups of the silicone oil react with isocyanate groups of the isocyanate to generate a polyurethane prepolymer, and the chain extender reacts with the functional groups on the polyurethane prepolymer to form the vibrating diaphragm after curing. The vibrating diaphragm has the characteristics of good weather resistance and difficulty in adhering to a die head.

Description

Silicone oil modified polyurethane elastomer diaphragm and loudspeaker monomer
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electroacoustic conversion, in particular to a silicone oil modified polyurethane elastomer diaphragm and a loudspeaker monomer.
Background
The thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) has the characteristics of good resilience, excellent chemical stability, high and low temperature resistance, dimensional stability and the like. The TPU is used as the vibrating diaphragm, so that the sound quality of the low frequency band and the high frequency band of the loudspeaker can be improved, and an excellent listening effect can be obtained.
The existing vibrating diaphragm containing TPU has strong hydrophilicity. The environmental humidity changes along with the seasonal variation, so that the phenomenon that the water content of the vibrating diaphragm containing the TPU is increased along with the increase of the environmental humidity is caused, namely, the obvious moisture absorption phenomenon is caused. This phenomenon affects the modulus and mass of the diaphragm, resulting in F for the loudspeakeroAnd is unstable.
In addition, in the process of forming the vibrating diaphragm containing the TPU, if the forming temperature is too high, the vibrating diaphragm adheres to the die head, so that the vibrating diaphragm structure cannot reach an ideal state.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a technical solution to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a new technical scheme of a silicone oil modified polyurethane elastomer diaphragm.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, a silicone oil-modified polyurethane elastomer diaphragm is provided. This vibrating diaphragm includes: adding isocyanate, silicone oil with active hydrogen functional groups and a chain extender into a solvent for reaction, wherein the active hydrogen functional groups of the silicone oil react with isocyanate groups of the isocyanate to generate a polyurethane prepolymer, and the chain extender reacts with the functional groups on the polyurethane prepolymer to form the vibrating diaphragm after curing.
Optionally, the silicone oil with active hydrogen functional groups comprises at least one of alkyl hydroxyl silicone oil, amino silicone oil and hydroxyl silicone oil.
Optionally, the addition amount of the silicone oil with active hydrogen functional groups accounts for more than 0% and less than or equal to 20% of the mass percentage of the raw materials added.
Optionally, the solvent is at least one of acetone, toluene, and tetrahydrofuran.
Optionally, the chain extender is a polyol.
Optionally, the chain extender has a chain extension coefficient of 0.5 to 1.0.
Optionally, the isocyanate comprises at least one of TDI, MDI and NDI.
Alternatively, the reaction temperature is from 50 ℃ to 100 ℃.
According to a second aspect of the invention, a diaphragm is provided. The vibrating diaphragm comprises at least one of an engineering plastic film layer and a glue film layer and a silicone oil modified polyurethane elastomer film layer; wherein, include: adding isocyanate, silicone oil with active hydrogen functional groups and a chain extender into a solvent for reaction, wherein the active hydrogen functional groups of the silicone oil react with isocyanate groups of the isocyanate to generate a polyurethane prepolymer, and the chain extender reacts with the functional groups on the polyurethane prepolymer to form the silicone oil modified polyurethane elastomer film after curing.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a speaker unit. The single body comprises the diaphragm provided by the invention.
According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the silicone oil molecule having an active hydrogen functional group contains a linear siloxane group. The linear siloxane groups have a large intermolecular distance. The interaction among the siloxane chains is small, the molar volume is large, the surface tension is small, and the hydrophobic property is provided, so that the hydrophobic property of the vibrating diaphragm can be improved, thereby effectively improving the change of the vibrating diaphragm along with seasons, FoUnstable phenomenon. The diaphragm has good weather resistance.
In addition, the silicone oil with active hydrogen functional groups is a common release agent, and the linear siloxane groups contained in the silicone oil are used for modifying a common thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, so that even if the molding temperature of the vibrating diaphragm is high, the phenomenon of die sticking is not easy to occur due to the action of the silicone oil components. This makes the shaped structure of the diaphragm more stable.
In addition, the silicone oil with active hydrogen functional group contains Si-O-Si bond. The bond angle of this bond is large, and the Si atom and the O atom are easily rotated, so that the segment is very soft. Therefore, the silicone oil modified polyurethane elastomer diaphragm has good flexibility.
In addition, the bond energy of the Si-O bond is large, so that the silicone oil modified polyurethane elastomer diaphragm is not easy to be oxidized and is resistant to ultraviolet irradiation compared with a common thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) diaphragm.
In addition, the thermal stability of the silicone oil modified polyurethane elastomer diaphragm is high.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a diaphragm according to one embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a dual membrane diaphragm according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a three-film layer diaphragm according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a five-film layer diaphragm according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1: a silicone oil modified polyurethane elastomer vibrating diaphragm or film layer; 2: an engineering plastic layer; 3: and (5) a film layer.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise.
The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be discussed further in subsequent figures.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a silicone oil-modified polyurethane elastomer diaphragm 1. This vibrating diaphragm includes: adding isocyanate, silicone oil with active hydrogen functional groups and a chain extender into a solvent for reaction, wherein in the solvent, the active hydrogen functional groups of the silicone oil react with isocyanate groups of the isocyanate to form the polyurethane prepolymer. The chain extender reacts with functional groups on the polyurethane prepolymer to expand molecular chains and increase molecular weight. And finally obtaining the silicone oil modified polyurethane elastomer vibrating diaphragm 1 after curing.
Specifically, isocyanate is a generic name for various esters of isocyanic acid. Alternatively, the isocyanate includes monoisocyanate (R-N ═ C ═ O), diisocyanate (O ═ C ═ N-R-N ═ C ═ O), and polyisocyanate, and the like.
Active hydrogen refers to hydrogen contained in the functional groups of organic molecules. The functional group having active hydrogen includes hydroxyl group, amino group, alkyl group and the like. Optionally, the silicone oil with active hydrogen functional groups comprises at least one of an alkyl hydroxy silicone oil, an amino silicone oil, and a hydroxy silicone oil. The kind of the silicone oil is not limited to the above-mentioned ones, and those skilled in the art can select the silicone oil according to actual needs.
The chain extender is a substance that can react with a functional group on a linear polymer chain to expand a molecular chain and increase the molecular weight. Alternatively, the chain extender includes an ether chain extender, an alcohol chain extender, and the like. For example, polyols and the like. For example, the polyols include butanediol, polyether diols, polyester diols, and the like. The chain extender has excellent performance. The chain extender is not limited to the above ones, and those skilled in the art can select the chain extender according to actual needs.
Preferably, the chain extender has a chain extension coefficient of 0.5 to 1.0. The larger the chain extension coefficient, the larger the molecular weight of the polymer formed; conversely, the smaller the chain extension coefficient, the smaller the molecular weight of the polymer formed. The range of the chain extension coefficient enables the formed diaphragm to have good elasticity.
Preferably, the reaction temperature of the above reaction is 50 ℃ to 100 ℃. At the temperature, the reaction is more sufficient, and the curing speed is moderate, so that the diaphragm is favorably molded.
The diaphragm can be formed by tape casting, injection molding, etc. The vibrating diaphragm is a corrugated diaphragm or a flat diaphragm and the like. The setting can be carried out by the person skilled in the art according to the actual need.
In the examples of the present invention, the silicone oil molecule having an active hydrogen functional group contains a linear siloxane group. The linear siloxane groups have a large intermolecular distance. Process for the preparation of siloxane chainsSmall interaction, large molar volume, small surface tension and hydrophobicity, so that the hydrophobicity of the vibrating diaphragm can be improved, thereby effectively improving the change of the vibrating diaphragm along with seasons, FoUnstable phenomenon. The diaphragm has good weather resistance.
In addition, the silicone oil with active hydrogen functional groups is a common release agent, and the linear siloxane groups contained in the silicone oil modify the common thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, so that the forming temperature of the diaphragm is high. The phenomenon of die sticking is not easily caused due to the action of the silicone oil component. This makes the shaped structure of the diaphragm more stable.
In addition, the silicone oil with active hydrogen functional group contains Si-O-Si bond. The bond angle of this bond is large, and the Si atom and the O atom are easily rotated, so that the segment is very soft. This makes silicone oil modified polyurethane elastomer diaphragm 1 have good compliance.
In addition, the bond energy of the Si — O bond is large, which makes the silicone oil-modified polyurethane elastomer diaphragm 1 less susceptible to oxidation and resistant to ultraviolet light irradiation than a common thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) diaphragm.
In addition, the thermal stability of the silicone oil modified polyurethane elastomer diaphragm 1 is high.
In one example, the silicone oil with active hydrogen functional groups is added in an amount greater than 0% and equal to or less than 20% by mass of the raw materials added. The larger the amount of silicone oil added, the greater the influence on the elasticity of the diaphragm. This mass fraction makes the hydrophobicity of the diaphragm good and the elasticity of the diaphragm good.
In one example, the solvent is at least one of acetone, toluene, and tetrahydrofuran. In the solvent, the isocyanate, the silicone oil with active hydrogen functional groups and the chain extender have good solubility and more sufficient reaction, and the formed diaphragm has good reliability.
Alternatively, the isocyanate comprises at least one of TDI (toluene diisocyanate), MDI (diphenylmethane diisocyanate), and NDI (naphthyl diisocyanate). The isocyanate can react with silicone oil with active hydrogen functional groups and a chain extender to form the silicone oil modified polyurethane elastomer material.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, a diaphragm is provided. The vibrating diaphragm is a composite vibrating diaphragm and comprises at least one of an engineering plastic film layer 2 and a glue film layer 3 and a silicone oil modified polyurethane elastomer film layer 1. Wherein, include: adding isocyanate, silicone oil with active hydrogen functional groups and a chain extender into a solvent for reaction, wherein the active hydrogen functional groups of the silicone oil react with isocyanate groups of the isocyanate to generate the polyurethane prepolymer. The chain extender reacts with the functional group on the polyurethane prepolymer and forms a silicone oil modified polyurethane elastomer film layer 1 after curing.
The vibrating diaphragm has good hydrophobicity, thereby effectively improving the change F of the vibrating diaphragm along with seasonsoUnstable phenomenon.
In addition, the phenomenon of die head adhesion is not easy to occur on the diaphragm.
The materials of isocyanate, silicone oil with active hydrogen functional groups and chain extender can be, but are not limited to, the materials in the diaphragm.
The engineering plastic film layer 2 has the characteristic of high strength, and can obviously improve the modulus of the vibrating diaphragm. When the engineering plastic film layer 2 is compounded with the silicone oil modified polyurethane elastomer, the two are adhered together by adopting an adhesive.
Alternatively, the material for making the engineering plastic film layer 2 includes at least one of Polyimide (PI), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), Polyoxymethylene (POM), polyphenylene oxide (PPO), and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT).
The adhesive film layer 3 has viscosity, so that the adhesive film layer 3 can form good adhesion force with the silicone oil modified polyurethane elastomer film layer 1.
In addition, the film layer 3 has a damping effect, and can absorb the energy of the diaphragm during vibration so as to reduce the noise of the loudspeaker.
Optionally, the adhesive film layer 3 is an acrylic adhesive film, a polyurethane adhesive film, or a silicone adhesive film. The adhesive film has good adhesion and damping property.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a dual membrane diaphragm according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a three-film layer diaphragm according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a five-film layer diaphragm according to one embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2, the dual-membrane diaphragm includes an engineering plastic membrane layer 2 and a silicone oil-modified polyurethane elastomer membrane layer 1. The two film layers 1,2 are bonded together by means of an adhesive. The silicone oil modified polyurethane elastomer film layer 1 has good elasticity. The engineering plastic film layer 2 has good rigidity. The two are compounded together to ensure that the diaphragm has proper elasticity and modulus.
As shown in fig. 3, the three-film diaphragm includes a glue film layer 3 located in the middle and silicone oil modified polyurethane elastomer film layers 1 attached to the upper and lower sides of the glue film layer 3. The adhesive film layer 3 has adhesiveness, which facilitates the adhesion of the adhesive film layer 3 to the silicone oil-modified polyurethane elastomer film layer 1. The diaphragm has good elasticity, strength and damping characteristics.
In other examples, one silicone oil modified polyurethane elastomer film layer 1 in the three-film-layer diaphragm is replaced by an engineering plastic film layer 2. The engineering plastic film layer 2 is directly attached to the adhesive film layer 3. The diaphragm has good elasticity, modulus and damping characteristics.
As shown in fig. 4, the five-film diaphragm includes two silicone oil-modified polyurethane elastomer film layers 1, two adhesive film layers 3, and an engineering plastic film layer 2, where the engineering plastic film layer 2 is located in the middle of the diaphragm. The two adhesive film layers 3 are respectively attached to the upper surface and the lower surface of the engineering plastic film layer 2. The two silicone oil modified polyurethane elastomer film layers 1 are respectively attached to the outer side surfaces of the two adhesive film layers 3. The diaphragm has good elasticity, modulus and damping characteristics.
The structure of the diaphragm is not limited to the above embodiments, and the silicone oil modified polyurethane elastomer film layer 1 may be used as a surface layer or an intermediate film layer of the diaphragm. The number of layers of the composite film layer and the thickness of each film layer can be selected by those skilled in the art according to actual needs. For example, 2 layers, 3 layers, 4 layers, 5 layers, 6 layers, etc.
According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, a speaker cell is provided. The loudspeaker monomer comprises the diaphragm provided by the invention. For example, the speaker unit includes a vibration system and a magnetic circuit system. The vibration system comprises a vibrating diaphragm, a voice coil and a composite layer. The vibrating diaphragm is a corrugated ring vibrating diaphragm. The voice coil and the composite layer are located at the center of the diaphragm. The magnetic circuit system comprises a magnetic conduction plate, a magnet and a washer. The magnet is fixed on the magnetic conductive plate. The washer is disposed on the magnet. The free end of the voice coil is inserted into the magnetic gap of the magnetic circuit system.
The loudspeaker monomer has the characteristics of good weather resistance and stable sound production effect.
Although some specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A silicone oil modified polyurethane elastomer diaphragm is characterized by comprising: adding isocyanate, silicone oil with active hydrogen functional groups and a chain extender into a solvent for reaction, wherein the active hydrogen functional groups of the silicone oil react with isocyanate groups of the isocyanate to generate a polyurethane prepolymer, and the chain extender reacts with functional groups on the polyurethane prepolymer to form the vibrating diaphragm after curing;
wherein the chain extender comprises an ether chain extender and an alcohol chain extender.
2. The silicone oil-modified polyurethane elastomer diaphragm of claim 1, wherein the silicone oil with active hydrogen functional groups comprises at least one of alkyl hydroxyl silicone oil, amino silicone oil, and hydroxyl silicone oil.
3. The silicone oil-modified polyurethane elastomer diaphragm of claim 1, wherein the amount of the silicone oil with active hydrogen functional groups added is greater than 0% and less than or equal to 20% of the raw materials in the amount added.
4. The silicone oil-modified polyurethane elastomer diaphragm of claim 1, wherein the solvent is at least one of acetone, toluene, and tetrahydrofuran.
5. The silicone oil-modified polyurethane elastomer diaphragm of claim 1, wherein the chain extender is a polyol.
6. The silicone oil-modified polyurethane elastomer diaphragm of claim 5, wherein the chain extension coefficient of the chain extender is 0.5-1.0.
7. The silicone oil-modified polyurethane elastomer diaphragm of claim 1, wherein the isocyanate includes at least one of TDI, MDI and NDI.
8. The silicone oil-modified polyurethane elastomer diaphragm of claim 1, wherein the reaction temperature is 50 ℃ to 100 ℃.
9. A vibrating diaphragm is characterized by comprising at least one of an engineering plastic film layer and a glue film layer and a silicone oil modified polyurethane elastomer film layer; wherein, include: adding isocyanate, silicone oil with active hydrogen functional groups and a chain extender into a solvent for reaction, wherein the active hydrogen functional groups of the silicone oil react with isocyanate groups of the isocyanate to generate a polyurethane prepolymer, and the chain extender reacts with the functional groups on the polyurethane prepolymer to form the silicone oil modified polyurethane elastomer film after curing.
10. A loudspeaker unit comprising a diaphragm as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
CN201810409980.9A 2018-05-02 2018-05-02 Silicone oil modified polyurethane elastomer diaphragm and loudspeaker monomer Active CN108976763B (en)

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PCT/CN2018/110121 WO2019210645A1 (en) 2018-05-02 2018-10-12 Silicone modified polyurethane elastomer diaphragm and speaker monomer

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