CN108973158B - Preparation method of composite wind driven generator blade material - Google Patents

Preparation method of composite wind driven generator blade material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108973158B
CN108973158B CN201810905334.1A CN201810905334A CN108973158B CN 108973158 B CN108973158 B CN 108973158B CN 201810905334 A CN201810905334 A CN 201810905334A CN 108973158 B CN108973158 B CN 108973158B
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China
Prior art keywords
fiber
driven generator
wind driven
carbon fiber
glass fiber
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CN201810905334.1A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN108973158A (en
Inventor
马强
白学宗
刘菊花
张桂芳
骆兵建
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Lanzhou University of Technology
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Lanzhou University of Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
    • B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
    • B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2063/00—Use of EP, i.e. epoxy resins or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2477/00—Use of PA, i.e. polyamides, e.g. polyesteramides or derivatives thereof, as filler
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2875/00—Use of PU, i.e. polyureas or polyurethanes or derivatives thereof, as mould material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/08—Blades for rotors, stators, fans, turbines or the like, e.g. screw propellers
    • B29L2031/082—Blades, e.g. for helicopters

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a composite wind driven generator blade material, and belongs to the technical field of material preparation. The invention utilizes the condition that the monofilaments of the carbon fiber filament and the glass fiber filament are approximately parallel, the contact area between the fibers is larger, the organic fiber is spirally wrapped on the fiber filament to bind the fiber filament so as to increase the friction between the fibers, when the yarn is subjected to tensile load, the organic fiber generates radial pressure on the fiber filament so that the strength of the wrapped yarn is larger than that of the monofilament, then the carbon fiber wrapped yarn and the glass fiber wrapped yarn are woven into a fiber mesh framework, and polyurethane rigid foam is used for filling and curing, because the fibers exist in the matrix resin in a continuous mode and are also arranged in a roughly parallel mode, the fibers can fully exert the high-strength high-modulus characteristics of the fibers in the length direction, the integral mechanical performance of the wind driven generator blade can be ensured, and the production environment is nontoxic and harmless by adopting the processes of injection molding, mold pressing and the like, can also be recycled.

Description

Preparation method of composite wind driven generator blade material
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a composite wind driven generator blade material, and belongs to the technical field of material preparation.
Background
The blade is a large composite material structure, more than 90% of the weight of the blade is made of composite materials, each generator generally has three blades, and 2MW generator sets need more than six tons of composite materials. The blades are the most basic and critical components in the wind driven generator, and the good design, reliable quality and superior performance of the blades are the determining factors for ensuring the normal and stable operation of the unit. Structurally, the blade can be roughly divided into four parts: covering a skin; a web; a main beam; a blade root.
The composite material fan blade is used as a key component of the wind power system, and directly influences the performance, reliability and sale cost of the whole wind power system, so that the design and manufacturing level of the composite material fan blade is very important and is a key technology in the whole wind power system. The traditional composite material wind driven generator blade is generally manufactured by a hand lay-up process. However, the hand lay-up forming process has many disadvantages in the production process of the fan blade, such as high dependence of product quality on the proficiency of workers and surrounding environmental conditions, poor guarantee of dynamic and static balance of the product, high rejection rate and the like. And as the appearance of the wind turbine blade is larger and larger, the traditional hand lay-up forming process is difficult to implement. The advent of vacuum infusion molding processes has addressed these challenges well and has found application in the manufacture of fan blades. The key of successful forming of the wind turbine blade is to know the characteristics of the process and the influence factors thereof, and then reasonably apply the vacuum infusion forming process according to the characteristics of different fan blades so as to obtain the low-cost high-quality fan blade.
The application of the composite material in wind power generation is actually mainly applied to wind power generation rotor blades. The wind power generation rotor blade accounts for 15-20% of the cost of the whole wind power generation device, and the material process for manufacturing the blade has a decisive influence on the cost. Therefore, the selection of materials and the optimization of the preparation process are very important for the wind power blade. In recent years, the selling price of a manufacturer of the power generation rotor blade is reduced by 30 percent along with the cost pressure of a whole factory. Also, as the cost of the labor market has increased year by year, the power generating rotor blade manufacturers are only beginning to improve the process in order to control the production costs. Therefore, finding a more cost effective production process would play a critical role in the continued operation of a manufacturer of power generating rotor blades. Particularly, the improvement of the curing process can save the production time without increasing the cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: aiming at the problems that the mechanical performance of the blade is reduced and the continuous production is difficult to realize due to the overlarge size of the blade with longer length during the molding, the preparation method of the composite wind driven generator blade material is provided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
(1) loading organic fibers and carbon fiber filaments into a fancy twisting machine, enabling the organic fibers and the carbon fiber filaments to move downwards under the influence of unwinding tension, enabling a hollow spindle to rotate for one circle, and enabling the organic fibers to wrap the carbon fiber filaments for one circle to obtain carbon fiber wrapped yarns;
(2) loading the organic fibers and the glass fiber filaments into a fancy twisting machine, moving the organic fibers and the glass fiber filaments downwards under the influence of unwinding tension, rotating a hollow spindle for one circle, and wrapping the organic fibers around the glass fiber filaments for one circle to obtain glass fiber wrapped yarns;
(3) taking carbon fiber wrapping yarns and glass fiber wrapping yarns, laying by means of multilayer tiling and mixing, and after laying, putting into a weaving machine for processing and forming to obtain a fiber mesh framework;
(4) and (3) taking the polyurethane rigid foam, the polyamide curing agent and the epoxy resin E-51, stirring at a high speed for 5-10 s, injecting into a mold with a fiber net framework, closing the mold, foaming at 15-20 MPa, and then disassembling the mold to obtain the composite wind driven generator blade material.
The organic fiber is any one of nylon fiber, polyester fiber, polyphenylene sulfide fiber or aramid fiber.
The twist of the carbon fiber wrapped yarn in the step (1) is 250-300 twists/m.
And (3) the twist of the glass fiber wrapping yarn in the step (2) is 200-250 twists/m.
The number of the glass fiber wrapped yarns in the step (3) is 30-40, and the number of the carbon fiber wrapped yarns is 50-60.
The polyurethane rigid foam, the polyamide curing agent and the epoxy resin E-51 in the step (4) are 60-80 parts by weight of the polyurethane rigid foam, 10-20 parts by weight of the polyamide curing agent and 10-20 parts by weight of the epoxy resin E-51.
The filling amount in the step (4) is 0.18-0.27 g/cm3。
Compared with other methods, the method has the beneficial technical effects that:
the invention utilizes the condition that the monofilaments of the carbon fiber filament and the glass fiber filament are approximately parallel, the contact area between the fibers is larger, the organic fiber is spirally wrapped on the fiber filament to bind the fiber filament so as to increase the friction between the fibers, when the yarn is subjected to tensile load, the organic fiber generates radial pressure on the fiber filament so that the strength of the wrapped yarn is larger than that of the monofilament, then the carbon fiber wrapped yarn and the glass fiber wrapped yarn are woven into a fiber mesh framework, and polyurethane rigid foam is used for filling and curing to prepare the composite wind driven generator blade material, because the fibers exist in matrix resin in a continuous mode and are also arranged in a roughly parallel mode, the high-strength and high-modulus characteristics of the fibers can be fully exerted in the length direction of the fibers, the integral mechanical performance of the wind driven generator blade can be ensured, and the composite wind driven generator blade material is manufactured by adopting the processes of injection molding, mold pressing and the like, the production environment is nontoxic and harmless, and the product can be recycled.
Detailed Description
Loading organic fibers and carbon fiber filaments into a fancy twisting machine, enabling the organic fibers and the carbon fiber filaments to move downwards under the influence of unwinding tension, enabling a hollow spindle to rotate for one circle, enabling the organic fibers to wrap the carbon fiber filaments for one circle, controlling the twist degree to be 250-300 twists/m, obtaining carbon fiber wrapping yarns, loading the organic fibers and the glass fiber filaments into the fancy twisting machine, enabling the organic fibers and the glass fiber filaments to move downwards under the influence of the unwinding tension, enabling the hollow spindle to rotate for one circle, enabling the organic fibers to wrap the glass fiber filaments for one circle, controlling the twist degree to be 200-250 twists/m, obtaining glass fiber wrapping yarns, taking the carbon fiber wrapping yarns and the glass fiber wrapping yarns, paving and mixing the carbon fiber wrapping yarns and the glass fiber wrapping yarns in multiple layers, controlling the number of the glass fiber wrapping yarns to be 30-40 layers, controlling the number of the carbon fiber wrapping yarns to be 50-60 layers, loading the paved layers into a weaving machine for machining and forming, obtaining a fiber net framework, taking 60-80 g of polyurethane rigid foam, 10-20 g of polyamide curing agent and 10-20 g of epoxy resin E-51, stirring at a high speed for 5-10 s, injecting into a mold with the fiber net framework for mold closing, foaming at 15-20 MPa for 10-20 min, then disassembling the mold, and controlling the filling amount0.18 to 0.27g/cm3And obtaining the composite wind driven generator blade material.
Loading organic fibers and carbon fiber filaments into a fancy twisting machine, enabling the organic fibers and the carbon fiber filaments to move downwards under the influence of unwinding tension, enabling a hollow spindle to rotate for one circle, enabling the organic fibers to wrap the carbon fiber filaments for one circle, controlling the twist degree to be 250 twists/m, obtaining carbon fiber wrapping yarns, loading the organic fibers and the glass fiber filaments into the fancy twisting machine, enabling the organic fibers and the glass fiber filaments to move downwards under the influence of the unwinding tension, enabling the hollow spindle to rotate for one circle, enabling the organic fibers to wrap the glass fiber filaments for one circle, controlling the twist degree to be 200 twists/m, obtaining glass fiber wrapping yarns, taking the carbon fiber wrapping yarns and the glass fiber wrapping yarns, carrying out mixed layering through multiple layers of tiling, controlling the number of the glass fiber wrapping yarns to be 30, controlling the number of the carbon fiber wrapping yarns to be 50, placing the carbon fiber wrapping yarns into a weaving machine after layering, carrying out machining and forming to obtain a fiber mesh framework, 60g of polyurethane rigid foam, 10g of polyamide curing agent and 10g of epoxy resin E-51 are taken, stirred at a high speed for 5s and then injected into a mold with a fiber mesh framework for mold closing, the mold is disassembled after being foamed for 10min under 15MPa, and the filling amount is controlled to be 0.18g/cm3And obtaining the composite wind driven generator blade material.
Loading organic fibers and carbon fiber filaments into a fancy twisting machine, moving the organic fibers and the carbon fiber filaments downwards under the influence of unwinding tension, rotating a hollow spindle for one circle, wrapping the organic fibers and the carbon fiber filaments for one circle, controlling the twist degree to be 280 twists/m to obtain carbon fiber wrapped yarns, loading the organic fibers and the glass fiber filaments into the fancy twisting machine, moving the organic fibers and the glass fiber filaments downwards under the influence of the unwinding tension, rotating the hollow spindle for one circle, wrapping the organic fibers and the glass fiber filaments for one circle, controlling the twist degree to be 240 twists/m to obtain glass fiber wrapped yarns, taking the carbon fiber wrapped yarns and the glass fiber wrapped yarns, carrying out mixed layering through multiple layers of tiling, controlling the number of the glass fiber wrapped yarns to be 35 layers, controlling the number of the carbon fiber wrapped yarns to be 55 layers, loading the carbon fiber wrapped yarns into a weaving machine after layering, carrying out machining and forming to obtain a fiber mesh framework, 70g of polyurethane rigid foam, 15g of polyamide curing agent and 15g of epoxy resin E-51 are stirred at a high speed for 8s and then injected into a die with a fiber mesh frameworkClosing the die, foaming for 15min under 18MPa, disassembling the die, and controlling the filling amount to be 0.24g/cm3And obtaining the composite wind driven generator blade material.
Loading organic fibers and carbon fiber filaments into a fancy twisting machine, enabling the organic fibers and the carbon fiber filaments to move downwards under the influence of unwinding tension, enabling a hollow spindle to rotate for one circle, enabling the organic fibers to wrap the carbon fiber filaments for one circle, controlling the twist degree to be 300 twists/m, obtaining carbon fiber wrapping yarns, loading the organic fibers and the glass fiber filaments into the fancy twisting machine, enabling the organic fibers and the glass fiber filaments to move downwards under the influence of the unwinding tension, enabling the hollow spindle to rotate for one circle, enabling the organic fibers to wrap the glass fiber filaments for one circle, controlling the twist degree to be 250 twists/m, obtaining glass fiber wrapping yarns, taking the carbon fiber wrapping yarns and the glass fiber wrapping yarns, carrying out mixed layering through multiple layers, controlling the number of the glass fiber wrapping yarns to be 40, controlling the number of the carbon fiber wrapping yarns to be 60, placing the carbon fiber wrapping yarns into a weaving machine after layering, carrying out machining and forming to obtain a fiber mesh framework, taking 80g of polyurethane rigid foam, 20g of polyamide curing agent and 20g of epoxy resin E-51, stirring at a high speed for 10s, injecting into a mold with a fiber mesh framework, closing the mold, foaming at 20MPa for 20min, disassembling the mold, and controlling the filling amount to be 0.27g/cm3And obtaining the composite wind driven generator blade material.
Detecting the prepared composite wind driven generator blade material, wherein the detection result shows that: the elastic modulus of the composite wind driven generator blade material can reach 32.1-35.9 MPa, the mechanical property is excellent, and the composite wind driven generator blade material is worthy of popularization and application.

Claims (6)

1. A preparation method of a composite wind driven generator blade material is characterized by comprising the following specific preparation steps:
(1) loading organic fibers and carbon fiber filaments into a fancy twisting machine, enabling the organic fibers and the carbon fiber filaments to move downwards under the influence of unwinding tension, enabling a hollow spindle to rotate for one circle, and enabling the organic fibers to wrap the carbon fiber filaments for one circle to obtain carbon fiber wrapped yarns;
(2) loading the organic fibers and the glass fiber filaments into a fancy twisting machine, moving the organic fibers and the glass fiber filaments downwards under the influence of unwinding tension, rotating a hollow spindle for one circle, and wrapping the organic fibers around the glass fiber filaments for one circle to obtain glass fiber wrapped yarns;
(3) taking carbon fiber wrapping yarns and glass fiber wrapping yarns, laying by means of multilayer tiling and mixing, and after laying, putting into a weaving machine for processing and forming to obtain a fiber mesh framework;
(4) taking polyurethane rigid foam, a polyamide curing agent and epoxy resin E-51, stirring at a high speed for 5-10 s, injecting into a die with a fiber mesh framework, closing the die, foaming under 15-20 MPa, disassembling the die, and controlling the filling amount to be 0.18-0.27 g/cm3And obtaining the composite wind driven generator blade material.
2. The method for preparing the composite wind driven generator blade material according to claim 1, wherein the organic fiber is any one of nylon fiber, polyester fiber, polyphenylene sulfide fiber or aramid fiber.
3. The method for preparing the composite wind driven generator blade material according to claim 1, wherein the twist of the carbon fiber-wrapped yarn in the step (1) is 250-300 twists/m.
4. The method for preparing the composite wind driven generator blade material according to claim 1, wherein the twist of the glass fiber wrapping yarn in the step (2) is 200-250 twists/m.
5. The method for preparing the composite wind driven generator blade material according to claim 1, wherein the number of the glass fiber wrapping yarns in the step (3) is 30-40, and the number of the carbon fiber wrapping yarns is 50-60.
6. The method for preparing the composite wind driven generator blade material according to claim 1, wherein the weight parts of the polyurethane rigid foam, the polyamide curing agent and the epoxy resin E-51 in the step (4) are 60-80 parts of the polyurethane rigid foam, 10-20 parts of the polyamide curing agent and 10-20 parts of the epoxy resin E-51.
CN201810905334.1A 2018-08-10 2018-08-10 Preparation method of composite wind driven generator blade material Expired - Fee Related CN108973158B (en)

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CN112696235B (en) * 2020-12-07 2022-02-08 吉林大学 Carbon fiber reinforced engine blade with bionic structure and preparation method thereof

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EP2617555B1 (en) * 2012-01-20 2014-06-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Wind turbine rotor blade with trailing edge comprising rovings
CN104178886A (en) * 2013-05-22 2014-12-03 江苏旷达汽车织物集团股份有限公司 Novel three-dimensional woven composite material for automobile ceiling
CN103817955A (en) * 2014-02-28 2014-05-28 中材科技风电叶片股份有限公司 Manufacturing method for composite spar cap for wind power blade

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Inventor after: Ma Qiang

Inventor after: Bai Xuezong

Inventor after: Liu Juhua

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Effective date of registration: 20210125

Address after: 730000 no.287, langongping Road, Qilihe district, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province

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