CN108970953B - High-power three-dimensional vibration ultrasonic radiator - Google Patents
High-power three-dimensional vibration ultrasonic radiator Download PDFInfo
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- CN108970953B CN108970953B CN201810850229.2A CN201810850229A CN108970953B CN 108970953 B CN108970953 B CN 108970953B CN 201810850229 A CN201810850229 A CN 201810850229A CN 108970953 B CN108970953 B CN 108970953B
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- DMFGNRRURHSENX-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium copper Chemical compound [Be].[Cu] DMFGNRRURHSENX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
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- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
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Abstract
The invention relates to an ultrasonic radiator, in particular to a high-power three-dimensional vibration ultrasonic radiator. The invention solves the problem that the ultrasonic frequency vibration generated by the existing ultrasonic radiator can only be transmitted along the two-dimensional direction. A high-power three-dimensional vibration ultrasonic radiator comprises a radial piezoelectric vibrator and an axial piezoelectric vibrator; the radial piezoelectric vibrator comprises an external prestressed metal cylinder, a polyurethane rubber round pad, a round cup-shaped end cover, a round table-shaped fluororubber expansion core, an internal prestressed metal pressing block, a round tube-shaped internal electrode, a radial polarized piezoelectric single crystal block, a round tube-shaped external electrode, an I pre-tightening bolt and a truncated cone helical spring; the axial piezoelectric vibrator comprises a rubber spring, a II pre-tightening bolt, a circular tube-shaped cover body, a circular tube-shaped piezoelectric plate group, a composite amplitude transformer, a fastening section disc and a circular tube-shaped envelope. The invention is suitable for various fields, in particular for coal bed gas extraction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an ultrasonic radiator, in particular to a high-power three-dimensional vibration ultrasonic radiator.
Background
The ultrasonic radiator is widely applied to extraction of coal bed gas, and has the function of acting ultrasonic frequency vibration generated by the ultrasonic radiator on a coal bed, so that desorption and flowing of the coal bed gas are promoted, and the permeability of the coal bed gas is improved. However, under the condition of the prior art, due to the limitation of the structure of the ultrasonic radiator, the ultrasonic frequency vibration generated by the ultrasonic radiator can only be transmitted along the two-dimensional direction, so that the permeability of the coal bed gas is difficult to greatly improve, and the extraction rate and the extraction total amount of the coal bed gas are low. Therefore, a new ultrasonic radiator is needed to be invented to solve the problem that the ultrasonic frequency vibration generated by the existing ultrasonic radiator can only be propagated along two-dimensional directions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-power three-dimensional vibration ultrasonic radiator, which aims to solve the problem that ultrasonic frequency vibration generated by the conventional ultrasonic radiator can only be transmitted along a two-dimensional direction.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a high-power three-dimensional vibration ultrasonic radiator comprises a radial piezoelectric vibrator and an axial piezoelectric vibrator;
the radial piezoelectric vibrator comprises an external prestressed metal cylinder, a polyurethane rubber round pad, a round cup-shaped end cover, a round table-shaped fluororubber expansion core, an internal prestressed metal pressing block, a round tube-shaped internal electrode, a radial polarized piezoelectric single crystal block, a round tube-shaped external electrode, an I pre-tightening bolt and a truncated cone helical spring;
the upper end of the external prestressed metal cylinder is provided with an opening, and the lower end of the external prestressed metal cylinder is provided with an end wall; the end wall of the outer prestressed metal cylinder is provided with three I-shaped screw holes with consistent apertures in a penetrating manner, and the three I-shaped screw holes are arranged around the axis of the outer prestressed metal cylinder at equal intervals; the upper end of the outer side surface of the outer prestressed metal cylinder is provided with a first external thread; the side surface of the polyurethane rubber round pad is tightly matched with the lower end of the inner side surface of the outer prestressed metal cylinder; the lower end surface of the polyurethane rubber round pad is tightly matched with the lower inner end surface of the outer prestressed metal cylinder; the end face of the polyurethane rubber round pad is provided with three I-th assembling round holes with consistent apertures in a penetrating manner, and the axes of the three I-th assembling round holes are respectively superposed with the axes of the three I-th screw holes; the aperture of the three I-th assembling round holes is smaller than that of the three I-th screw holes; the cup mouth of the round cup-shaped end cover faces downwards; a second screw hole is formed in the center of the end wall of the circular cup-shaped end cover in a penetrating manner; the lower end of the inner side face of the circular cup-shaped end cover is provided with an I-shaped internal thread, and the circular cup-shaped end cover is screwed on the upper end of the outer side face of the outer prestressed metal cylinder through the I-shaped internal thread; the thick end face of the truncated cone-shaped fluororubber expansion core is tightly matched with the center of the upper end face of the polyurethane rubber round cushion; the thin end face of the truncated cone-shaped fluororubber expansion core is flush with the upper end face of the external prestressed metal cylinder, and an I-shaped threaded concave hole is formed in the center of the thin end face of the truncated cone-shaped fluororubber expansion core; the number of the internal prestress metal pressing blocks is four; the four internal prestress metal pressing blocks are all arc groove-shaped and are formed by cutting a metal round pipe with a truncated cone-shaped inner cavity; the inner side surfaces of the four internal prestress metal pressing blocks are tightly matched with the side surface of the truncated cone-shaped fluororubber expansion core; the lower end faces of the four internal prestress metal pressing blocks are tightly matched with the upper end face of the polyurethane rubber round pad; the upper end surfaces of the four internal prestressed metal pressing blocks are all flush with the upper end surface of the external prestressed metal cylinder; an air gap is reserved between every two adjacent internal prestress metal pressing blocks; the inner side surface of the circular tube-shaped inner electrode is respectively and tightly matched with the outer side surfaces of the four internal prestress metal pressing blocks; the lower end surface of the circular tube-shaped inner electrode is tightly matched with the upper end surface of the polyurethane rubber circular pad; the upper end surface of the circular tube-shaped inner electrode is flush with the upper end surface of the outer prestressed metal cylinder; the number of the radial polarized piezoelectric single crystal blocks is eight; the eight radial polarized piezoelectric single crystal blocks are all arc-groove-shaped and are formed by dividing a radial polarized piezoelectric single crystal circular tube; the inner side surfaces of the eight radial polarized piezoelectric single crystal blocks are tightly matched with the outer side surface of the circular tube-shaped inner electrode; the lower end faces of the eight radial polarized piezoelectric single crystal blocks are tightly matched with the upper end face of the polyurethane rubber circular pad; the upper end surfaces of the eight radial polarization piezoelectric single crystal blocks are all flush with the upper end surface of the outer prestress metal cylinder; an air gap is reserved between every two adjacent radial polarization piezoelectric single crystal blocks; the inner side surfaces of the circular tube-shaped outer electrodes are respectively and tightly matched with the outer side surfaces of the eight radial polarization piezoelectric single crystal blocks; the outer side surface of the circular tube-shaped outer electrode is tightly matched with the inner side surface of the outer prestressed metal cylinder; the lower end face of the circular tube-shaped outer electrode is tightly matched with the upper end face of the polyurethane rubber circular pad; the upper end surface of the circular tube-shaped outer electrode is flush with the upper end surface of the outer prestressed metal cylinder; a screw rod of the first pre-tightening bolt penetrates through the second screw hole, and the tail end of the first pre-tightening bolt is screwed in the first threaded concave hole; the head of the first pre-tightening bolt is tightly pressed on the upper outer end face of the round cup-shaped end cover; the truncated cone helical spring is sleeved on a screw rod of the first pre-tightening bolt; the thin end of the truncated cone helical spring is tightly pressed on the upper inner end face of the round cup-shaped end cover; the thick end of the truncated cone helical spring respectively presses the upper end faces of the four internal prestress metal pressing blocks;
the axial piezoelectric vibrator comprises a rubber spring, a II pre-tightening bolt, a circular tube-shaped cover body, a circular tube-shaped piezoelectric plate group, a composite amplitude transformer, a fastening section disc and a circular tube-shaped envelope;
the number of the rubber springs is three; the three rubber springs are respectively screwed in the three I screw holes; the upper end surfaces of the three rubber springs are all flush with the lower inner end surface of the outer prestressed metal cylinder; the lower end faces of the three rubber springs are all flush with the lower outer end face of the outer prestressed metal cylinder; the number of the II pre-tightening bolts is three; the screws of the third II pre-tightening bolts respectively penetrate through the three rubber springs; the heads of the three II pre-tightening bolts are respectively positioned in the three I assembling round holes, and the heads of the three II pre-tightening bolts respectively press the upper end surfaces of the three rubber springs; the number of the circular tube-shaped cover bodies is three; the three circular tube-shaped cover bodies are respectively sleeved on the screw rods of the three II pre-tightening bolts, and the upper end surfaces of the three circular tube-shaped cover bodies are respectively and tightly matched with the lower end surfaces of the three rubber springs; the number of the circular tube-shaped piezoelectric sheet groups is three; each circular tube-shaped piezoelectric plate group is formed by stacking N circular ring-shaped electrode plates and N axially polarized circular ring-shaped piezoelectric single crystal plates in a staggered manner from top to bottom; n is an even number and is more than or equal to 2; the three circular tube-shaped piezoelectric plate groups are respectively sleeved on the screw rods of the three II pre-tightening bolts, and the upper end surfaces of the three circular tube-shaped piezoelectric plate groups are respectively in close fit with the lower end surfaces of the three circular tube-shaped cover bodies; the number of the composite amplitude transformer rods is three; the center of the upper end surface of each composite amplitude transformer is provided with a II-shaped threaded concave hole; the three composite amplitude transformers are respectively screwed at the tail ends of the three II pre-tightening bolts through the three II threaded concave holes, and the upper end surfaces of the three composite amplitude transformers are respectively in close fit with the lower end surfaces of the three circular tube-shaped piezoelectric plate groups; the end face of the fastening section disc is provided with three II assembling round holes in a penetrating manner, and the three II assembling round holes are arranged around the axis of the fastening section disc at equal intervals; the fastening section disc is fixedly assembled at the pitch circles of the three composite amplitude transformer rods through three II assembling circular holes; the outer side surface of the fastening section disc is provided with a second external thread; the lower end of the inner side face of the circular tube-shaped envelope is provided with a second internal thread, and the circular tube-shaped envelope is screwed on the fastening joint disc through the second internal thread; the inner diameter of the circular tube-shaped envelope is equal to the outer diameter of the outer prestressed metal cylinder; the upper end surface of the circular tube-shaped envelope is flush with the lower outer end surface of the outer prestressed metal cylinder.
When the ultrasonic generator works, the circular tube-shaped inner electrode, the circular tube-shaped outer electrode and each circular electrode slice are connected with the ultrasonic generator through high-power leads. The specific working process is as follows: the ultrasonic generator converts 50Hz alternating current into ultrasonic frequency alternating current signals, then transmits the ultrasonic frequency alternating current signals to the circular tube-shaped inner electrode and the circular tube-shaped outer electrode on one hand, so that the eight radial polarized piezoelectric single crystal blocks are acted by the ultrasonic frequency alternating electric field, the eight radial polarized piezoelectric single crystal blocks generate ultrasonic frequency vibration which is transmitted along the radial direction by utilizing the inverse piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric single crystal, and the radial piezoelectric vibrator generates the ultrasonic frequency vibration which is transmitted along the radial direction, and on the other hand, the ultrasonic frequency alternating current signals are transmitted to each circular ring-shaped electrode slice, so that the three circular tube-shaped piezoelectric single crystal groups generate the ultrasonic frequency vibration which is transmitted along the axial direction, and the axial piezoelectric vibrator generates the ultrasonic frequency vibration which is transmitted along the axial direction. The ultrasonic frequency vibration propagating along the radial direction and the ultrasonic frequency vibration propagating along the axial direction jointly act on the coal bed, so that the desorption flow of the coal bed gas is promoted, and the permeability of the coal bed gas is improved.
In the above process, the outer pre-stressed metal cylinder is used for generating outside-in radial pre-stress and applying the outside-in radial pre-stress to the eight radially polarized piezoelectric single crystal blocks, so that the mechanical power limit and the power density of the eight radially polarized piezoelectric single crystal blocks are improved. The polyurethane rubber round cushion plays a role in vibration damping and decoupling. The function of the round cup-shaped end cover is to protect the eight radial polarization piezoelectric single crystal blocks from being influenced by the external severe environment when the piezoelectric single crystal blocks work. The function of the I pre-tightening bolt is to generate axial pre-stress. The circular truncated cone-shaped fluororubber expansion core is used for converting axial prestress generated by the I-th pre-tightening bolt into radial prestress from inside to outside. The four internal prestress metal pressing blocks are used for applying radial prestress from inside to outside to the eight radial polarization piezoelectric single crystal blocks, so that the mechanical power limit and the power density of the eight radial polarization piezoelectric single crystal blocks are improved. The truncated cone helical spring is used for compressing the four internal prestressed metal pressing blocks, so that the four internal prestressed metal pressing blocks are prevented from moving axially. The three rubber springs act as a damping decoupling. The function of the three II pre-tightening bolts is to generate axial pre-stress. The three circular tube-shaped cover bodies are used for applying axial prestress generated by the three II pre-tightening bolts to the three circular tube-shaped piezoelectric plate groups, so that the mechanical power limit and the power density of the three circular tube-shaped piezoelectric plate groups are improved. The three composite amplitude transformer rods are used for amplifying ultrasonic frequency vibration generated by the three circular tube-shaped piezoelectric plate groups. The fastening section disc is used for fixing the three composite amplitude transformer into a whole, so that the axial piezoelectric vibrator is stable and reliable in structure. The circular tube-shaped envelope has the function of protecting the three circular tube-shaped piezoelectric plate groups from being influenced by the external severe environment when the circular tube-shaped envelope works.
Based on the process, compared with the existing ultrasonic radiator, the high-power three-dimensional vibration ultrasonic radiator disclosed by the invention generates ultrasonic frequency vibration transmitted along three-dimensional directions (radial direction and axial direction) by adopting a brand new structure, so that the permeability of the coal bed gas is greatly improved, and the extraction rate and the extraction total amount of the coal bed gas are obviously improved.
The ultrasonic frequency vibration generator is reasonable in structure and ingenious in design, effectively solves the problem that ultrasonic frequency vibration generated by an existing ultrasonic radiator can only be transmitted along a two-dimensional direction, and is suitable for various fields, in particular for extraction of coal bed gas.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an internally prestressed metal compact according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a radially polarized piezoelectric unimorph in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a partial structural view of the axial piezoelectric vibrator according to the present invention.
In the figure: 101-external prestressed metal cylinder, 102-polyurethane rubber round pad, 103-round cup-shaped end cover, 104-round table-shaped fluororubber expansion core, 105-internal prestressed metal pressing block, 106-round tube-shaped internal electrode, 107-radial polarized piezoelectric single crystal block, 108-round tube-shaped external electrode, 109-I pre-tightening bolt, 110-truncated cone spiral spring, 111-I wiring lug, 112-II wiring lug, 113-I threading hole, 201-rubber spring, 202-II pre-tightening bolt, 203-round tube-shaped cover body, 204-round ring-shaped electrode slice, 205-round ring-shaped piezoelectric single crystal slice, 206-composite amplitude-changing rod, 207-fastening joint disc, 208-round tube-shaped envelope, 209-III wiring lug and 210-II threading hole.
Detailed Description
A high-power three-dimensional vibration ultrasonic radiator comprises a radial piezoelectric vibrator and an axial piezoelectric vibrator;
the radial piezoelectric vibrator comprises an external prestressed metal cylinder 101, a polyurethane rubber round pad 102, a round cup-shaped end cover 103, a round table-shaped fluororubber expansion core 104, an internal prestressed metal pressing block 105, a round tube-shaped internal electrode 106, a radial polarized piezoelectric single crystal block 107, a round tube-shaped external electrode 108, an I-th prestressed bolt 109 and a truncated cone helical spring 110;
the upper end of the external prestressed metal cylinder 101 is provided with an opening, and the lower end is provided with an end wall; the end wall of the outer prestressed metal cylinder 101 is provided with three I-th screw holes with consistent apertures in a penetrating manner, and the three I-th screw holes are arranged around the axis of the outer prestressed metal cylinder 101 at equal intervals; the upper end of the outer side surface of the outer prestressed metal cylinder 101 is provided with an I-th external thread; the side surface of the polyurethane rubber round pad 102 is tightly matched with the lower end of the inner side surface of the outer prestressed metal cylinder 101; the lower end surface of the polyurethane rubber round pad 102 is tightly matched with the lower inner end surface of the outer prestressed metal cylinder 101; the end face of the polyurethane rubber round pad 102 is provided with three I-th assembling round holes with the same aperture in a penetrating way, and the axes of the three I-th assembling round holes are respectively superposed with the axes of the three I-th screw holes; the aperture of the three I-th assembling round holes is smaller than that of the three I-th screw holes; the cup mouth of the round cup-shaped end cover 103 faces downwards; a second screw hole is formed in the center of the end wall of the circular cup-shaped end cover 103 in a penetrating manner; the lower end of the inner side face of the circular cup-shaped end cover 103 is provided with an I-th internal thread, and the circular cup-shaped end cover 103 is screwed on the upper end of the outer side face of the external prestressed metal cylinder 101 through the I-th internal thread; the thick end face of the truncated cone-shaped fluororubber expansion core 104 is tightly matched with the center of the upper end face of the polyurethane rubber round cushion 102; the end surface of the thin end of the truncated cone-shaped fluororubber expansion core 104 is flush with the upper end surface of the external prestressed metal cylinder 101, and an I-shaped threaded concave hole is formed in the center of the end surface of the truncated cone-shaped fluororubber expansion core 104; the number of the internal prestress metal pressing blocks 105 is four; the four internal prestress metal pressing blocks 105 are all arc groove-shaped, and the four internal prestress metal pressing blocks 105 are formed by cutting a metal round pipe of which the inner cavity is in a round table shape; the inner side surfaces of the four internal prestress metal pressing blocks 105 are tightly matched with the side surface of the truncated cone-shaped fluororubber expansion core 104; the lower end faces of the four internal prestress metal pressing blocks 105 are tightly matched with the upper end face of the polyurethane rubber round cushion 102; the upper end surfaces of the four internal prestressed metal pressing blocks 105 are all flush with the upper end surface of the external prestressed metal cylinder 101; an air gap is reserved between every two adjacent internal prestress metal pressing blocks 105; the inner side surfaces of the circular tube-shaped inner electrodes 106 are respectively and tightly matched with the outer side surfaces of the four internal prestress metal pressing blocks 105; the lower end surface of the circular tube-shaped inner electrode 106 is tightly matched with the upper end surface of the polyurethane rubber circular pad 102; the upper end surface of the circular tube-shaped inner electrode 106 is flush with the upper end surface of the outer prestressed metal cylinder 101; the number of the piezoelectric single crystal blocks 107 is eight; the eight radial polarized piezoelectric single crystal blocks 107 are all arc-groove-shaped, and the eight radial polarized piezoelectric single crystal blocks 107 are formed by dividing a radial polarized piezoelectric single crystal circular tube; the inner side surfaces of the eight radial polarized piezoelectric single crystal blocks 107 are tightly matched with the outer side surface of the circular tube-shaped inner electrode 106; the lower end faces of the eight radial polarized piezoelectric single crystal blocks 107 are tightly matched with the upper end face of the polyurethane rubber circular pad 102; the upper end surfaces of the eight radial polarized piezoelectric single crystal blocks 107 are all flush with the upper end surface of the outer prestressed metal cylinder 101; an air gap is reserved between two adjacent radial polarization piezoelectric single crystal blocks 107; the inner side surface of the circular tube-shaped outer electrode 108 is respectively and tightly matched with the outer side surfaces of the eight radial polarization piezoelectric single crystal blocks 107; the outer side surface of the circular tube-shaped outer electrode 108 is tightly matched with the inner side surface of the outer prestressed metal cylinder 101; the lower end face of the circular tube-shaped outer electrode 108 is tightly matched with the upper end face of the polyurethane rubber circular pad 102; the upper end surface of the circular tube-shaped outer electrode 108 is flush with the upper end surface of the outer prestressed metal cylinder 101; a screw rod of the first pre-tightening bolt 109 penetrates through the second screw hole, and the tail end of the first pre-tightening bolt 109 is screwed in the first threaded concave hole; the head of the I pre-tightening bolt 109 is tightly pressed on the upper outer end face of the round cup-shaped end cover 103; the truncated cone helical spring 110 is sleeved on the screw rod of the first pre-tightening bolt 109; the thin end of the truncated conical helical spring 110 presses against the upper inner end face of the circular cup-shaped end cap 103; the thick ends of the truncated conical helical springs 110 respectively press the upper end faces of the four internal prestressed metal pressing blocks 105;
the axial piezoelectric vibrator comprises a rubber spring 201, a II pre-tightening bolt 202, a circular tube-shaped cover body 203, a circular tube-shaped piezoelectric plate group, a composite amplitude transformer 206, a fastening section disc 207 and a circular tube-shaped envelope 208;
the number of the rubber springs 201 is three; the three rubber springs 201 are screwed in the three I screw holes respectively; the upper end surfaces of the three rubber springs 201 are all flush with the lower inner end surface of the outer prestressed metal cylinder 101; the lower end faces of the three rubber springs 201 are all flush with the lower outer end face of the outer prestressed metal cylinder 101; the number of the II pre-tightening bolts 202 is three; the screws of the three II pre-tightening bolts 202 respectively penetrate through the three rubber springs 201; the heads of the three II pre-tightening bolts 202 are respectively positioned in the three I assembling round holes, and the heads of the three II pre-tightening bolts 202 respectively press the upper end faces of the three rubber springs 201; the number of the circular tube shaped cover bodies 203 is three; the three circular tube-shaped cover bodies 203 are respectively sleeved on the screw rods of the three II pre-tightening bolts 202, and the upper end surfaces of the three circular tube-shaped cover bodies 203 are respectively in close fit with the lower end surfaces of the three rubber springs 201; the number of the circular tube-shaped piezoelectric sheet groups is three; each circular tube-shaped piezoelectric plate group is formed by stacking N circular ring-shaped electrode plates 204 and N axially polarized circular ring-shaped piezoelectric single crystal plates 205 in a staggered manner from top to bottom; n is an even number and is more than or equal to 2; the three circular tube-shaped piezoelectric plate groups are respectively sleeved on the screw rods of the three II pre-tightening bolts 202, and the upper end surfaces of the three circular tube-shaped piezoelectric plate groups are respectively in close fit with the lower end surfaces of the three circular tube-shaped cover bodies 203; the number of composite horns 206 is three; the center of the upper end surface of each composite amplitude transformer 206 is provided with a II-th threaded concave hole; the three composite amplitude transformers 206 are respectively screwed at the tail ends of the three II pre-tightening bolts 202 through the three II threaded concave holes, and the upper end surfaces of the three composite amplitude transformers 206 are respectively and tightly matched with the lower end surfaces of the three circular tube-shaped piezoelectric plate groups; the end face of the fastening section disc 207 is provided with three II assembling round holes in a penetrating manner, and the three II assembling round holes are arranged around the axis of the fastening section disc 207 at equal intervals; the fastening section disc 207 is fixedly assembled at the pitch circle positions of the three composite amplitude transformer rods 206 through three II assembling circular holes; the outer side surface of the fastening section disc 207 is provided with a II external thread; the lower end of the inner side surface of the circular tube-shaped envelope 208 is provided with a second internal thread, and the circular tube-shaped envelope 208 is screwed on the fastening joint disc 207 through the second internal thread; the inner diameter of the tubular jacket 208 is equal to the outer diameter of the outer prestressed metal cylinder 101; the upper end face of the circular tube shaped envelope 208 is flush with the lower outer end face of the outer pre-stressed metal cylinder 101.
The upper end face of the circular tube-shaped inner electrode 106 is provided with an I-shaped wiring lug 111 in an extending way; a II wiring lug 112 extends from the upper end surface of the circular tube-shaped outer electrode 108; the side wall of the circular cup-shaped end cover 103 is provided with an I-th threading hole 113 in a penetrating way; a III wiring lug 209 extends from the outer side surface of each circular electrode plate 204; the side wall of the circular tube-shaped envelope 208 is perforated with a II-th threading hole 210. When the high-power lead connector works, the first wiring lug, the second wiring lug and the third wiring lug are used for facilitating the connection of high-power leads. The I-th threading hole and the II-th threading hole are used for facilitating the leading-out of a high-power wire.
The head of the first pre-tightening bolt 109 presses the upper outer end face of the round cup-shaped end cover 103 through a first spring gasket; the screw rod of the first pre-tightening bolt 109 is coated with a first insulating sleeve; the head of each II pre-tightening bolt 202 presses the upper end face of the corresponding rubber spring 201 through a II spring gasket; the screws of the three II pre-tightening bolts 202 are respectively covered with an II insulating sleeve. In operation, the function of the I spring gasket is to improve the sealing effect between the I pre-tightening bolt and the circular cup-shaped end cover. The function of the three II spring gaskets is to improve the sealing effect between the three II pre-tightening bolts and the three rubber springs. The first insulating sleeve is used for preventing sparking between the first pre-tightening bolt and the eight radial polarized piezoelectric single crystal blocks. The three II insulating sleeves are used for preventing the sparking phenomenon between the three II pre-tightening bolts and the three circular tube-shaped piezoelectric plate groups.
The density of the internal prestressed metal pressing block 105 is greater than that of the external prestressed metal cylinder 101; the density of the circular tube shaped cover 203 is greater than the density of the composite horn 206. When the piezoelectric single crystal block is in work, the density of the inner prestress metal pressing block is greater than that of the outer prestress metal cylinder, so that the impedance of the inner prestress metal pressing block is greater than that of the outer prestress metal cylinder, on one hand, the ultrasonic frequency vibration generated by the eight radial polarization piezoelectric single crystal blocks is prevented from being propagated inwards (aiming at avoiding energy waste and internal heating), and on the other hand, the ultrasonic frequency vibration generated by the eight radial polarization piezoelectric single crystal blocks is facilitated to be propagated outwards. Because the density of the circular tube-shaped cover body is greater than that of the composite amplitude transformer, the impedance of the circular tube-shaped cover body is greater than that of the composite amplitude transformer, on one hand, the ultrasonic frequency vibration generated by the three circular tube-shaped piezoelectric plate groups is prevented from being upwards transmitted (aiming at avoiding energy waste), and on the other hand, the ultrasonic frequency vibration generated by the three circular tube-shaped piezoelectric plate groups is favorably and downwards transmitted.
The radial polarized piezoelectric single crystal block 107, the radial polarized piezoelectric single crystal circular tube and the annular piezoelectric single crystal piece 205 are all PMN-PT single crystals or PMNT single crystals.
The outer pre-stressed metal cylinder 101 is made of 7075 aluminum alloy or LY12 aluminum alloy; the internal prestressed metal pressing block 105 is made of 316 stainless steel or DC53 steel; the circular tube-shaped inner electrode 106 is made of phosphor copper or beryllium copper; the round tube-shaped outer electrode 108 is made of phosphor copper or beryllium copper; the first pre-tightening bolt 109 is a hexagon head bolt; the II pre-tightening bolt 202 is a hexagon head bolt; the circular tube-shaped cover body 203 is made of 45# steel or 40Cr steel; the composite horn 206 is formed by combining an exponential type horn and a step type horn, and is made of 7075 aluminum alloy or titanium alloy.
Claims (6)
1. A high power three dimensional vibratory ultrasonic radiator characterized by: the piezoelectric vibrator comprises a radial piezoelectric vibrator and an axial piezoelectric vibrator;
the radial piezoelectric vibrator comprises an external prestressed metal cylinder (101), a polyurethane rubber round pad (102), a round cup-shaped end cover (103), a round table-shaped fluororubber expansion core (104), an internal prestressed metal pressing block (105), a round tube-shaped internal electrode (106), a radial polarized piezoelectric single crystal block (107), a round tube-shaped external electrode (108), an I-th prestressed bolt (109) and a truncated cone spiral spring (110);
the upper end of the external prestressed metal cylinder (101) is provided with an opening, and the lower end is provided with an end wall; the end wall of the outer prestressed metal cylinder (101) is provided with three I-th screw holes with consistent apertures in a penetrating manner, and the three I-th screw holes are arranged around the axis of the outer prestressed metal cylinder (101) at equal intervals; the upper end of the outer side surface of the outer prestressed metal cylinder (101) is provided with an I-th external thread; the side surface of the polyurethane rubber round pad (102) is tightly matched with the lower end of the inner side surface of the outer prestressed metal cylinder (101); the lower end face of the polyurethane rubber round pad (102) is tightly matched with the lower inner end face of the outer prestressed metal cylinder (101); the end face of the polyurethane rubber round pad (102) is provided with three I-th assembling round holes with the same aperture in a penetrating way, and the axes of the three I-th assembling round holes are respectively superposed with the axes of the three I-th screw holes; the aperture of the three I-th assembling round holes is smaller than that of the three I-th screw holes; the cup mouth of the round cup-shaped end cover (103) faces downwards; a second screw hole is formed in the center of the end wall of the circular cup-shaped end cover (103) in a penetrating manner; the lower end of the inner side face of the circular cup-shaped end cover (103) is provided with an I-shaped internal thread, and the circular cup-shaped end cover (103) is screwed on the upper end of the outer side face of the outer prestress metal cylinder (101) through the I-shaped internal thread; the thick end face of the truncated cone-shaped fluororubber expansion core (104) is tightly matched with the center of the upper end face of the polyurethane rubber round cushion (102); the thin end face of the truncated cone-shaped fluororubber expansion core (104) is flush with the upper end face of the external prestressed metal cylinder (101), and an I-shaped threaded concave hole is formed in the center of the thin end face of the truncated cone-shaped fluororubber expansion core (104); the number of the internal prestressed metal pressing blocks (105) is four; the four internal prestress metal pressing blocks (105) are all arc groove-shaped, and the four internal prestress metal pressing blocks (105) are formed by cutting a metal round pipe of which the inner cavity is in a round table shape; the inner side surfaces of the four internal prestress metal pressing blocks (105) are tightly matched with the side surface of the truncated cone-shaped fluororubber expansion core (104); the lower end faces of the four internal prestress metal pressing blocks (105) are tightly matched with the upper end face of the polyurethane rubber round cushion (102); the upper end surfaces of the four internal prestressed metal pressing blocks (105) are all flush with the upper end surface of the external prestressed metal cylinder (101); an air gap is reserved between every two adjacent internal prestress metal pressing blocks (105); the inner side surface of the circular tube-shaped inner electrode (106) is respectively and tightly matched with the outer side surfaces of the four internal prestress metal pressing blocks (105); the lower end surface of the circular tube-shaped inner electrode (106) is tightly matched with the upper end surface of the polyurethane rubber circular pad (102); the upper end surface of the circular tube-shaped inner electrode (106) is flush with the upper end surface of the outer prestressed metal cylinder (101); the number of the radial polarized piezoelectric single crystal blocks (107) is eight; the eight radial polarized piezoelectric single crystal blocks (107) are all arc-groove-shaped, and the eight radial polarized piezoelectric single crystal blocks (107) are formed by dividing a radial polarized piezoelectric single crystal circular tube; the inner side surfaces of the eight radial polarized piezoelectric single crystal blocks (107) are tightly matched with the outer side surface of the circular tube-shaped inner electrode (106); the lower end faces of the eight radial polarized piezoelectric single crystal blocks (107) are tightly matched with the upper end face of the polyurethane rubber circular pad (102); the upper end surfaces of the eight radial polarized piezoelectric single crystal blocks (107) are all flush with the upper end surface of the outer prestressed metal cylinder (101); an air gap is reserved between two adjacent radial polarization piezoelectric single crystal blocks (107); the inner side surface of the circular tube-shaped outer electrode (108) is respectively and tightly matched with the outer side surfaces of the eight radial polarization piezoelectric single crystal blocks (107); the outer side surface of the circular tube-shaped outer electrode (108) is tightly matched with the inner side surface of the outer prestressed metal cylinder (101); the lower end surface of the circular tube-shaped outer electrode (108) is tightly matched with the upper end surface of the polyurethane rubber circular pad (102); the upper end surface of the circular tube-shaped outer electrode (108) is flush with the upper end surface of the outer prestressed metal cylinder (101); a screw rod of the first pre-tightening bolt (109) penetrates through the second screw hole, and the tail end of the first pre-tightening bolt (109) is screwed in the first threaded concave hole; the head of the first pre-tightening bolt (109) is tightly pressed on the upper outer end face of the round cup-shaped end cover (103); the truncated cone helical spring (110) is sleeved on a screw rod of the first pre-tightening bolt (109); the thin end of the truncated cone helical spring (110) is pressed against the upper inner end face of the round cup-shaped end cover (103); the thick ends of the truncated cone helical springs (110) respectively press the upper end faces of the four internal prestress metal pressing blocks (105);
the axial piezoelectric vibrator comprises a rubber spring (201), a II pre-tightening bolt (202), a circular tube-shaped cover body (203), a circular tube-shaped piezoelectric plate group, a composite amplitude transformer (206), a fastening section disc (207) and a circular tube-shaped envelope (208);
the number of the rubber springs (201) is three; three rubber springs (201) are screwed in the three I screw holes respectively; the upper end surfaces of the three rubber springs (201) are all flush with the lower inner end surface of the outer prestressed metal cylinder (101); the lower end faces of the three rubber springs (201) are all flush with the lower outer end face of the outer prestress metal cylinder (101); the number of the II pre-tightening bolts (202) is three; the screws of the three II pre-tightening bolts (202) respectively penetrate through the three rubber springs (201); the heads of the three II pre-tightening bolts (202) are respectively positioned in the three I assembling round holes, and the heads of the three II pre-tightening bolts (202) respectively press the upper end surfaces of the three rubber springs (201); the number of the circular tube-shaped cover bodies (203) is three; the three circular tube-shaped cover bodies (203) are respectively sleeved on the screw rods of the three II pre-tightening bolts (202), and the upper end surfaces of the three circular tube-shaped cover bodies (203) are respectively in close fit with the lower end surfaces of the three rubber springs (201); the number of the circular tube-shaped piezoelectric sheet groups is three; each circular tube-shaped piezoelectric plate group is formed by stacking N circular ring-shaped electrode plates (204) and N axially polarized circular ring-shaped piezoelectric single crystal plates (205) in a staggered manner from top to bottom; n is an even number and is more than or equal to 2; the three circular tube-shaped piezoelectric plate groups are respectively sleeved on the screw rods of the three II pre-tightening bolts (202), and the upper end surfaces of the three circular tube-shaped piezoelectric plate groups are respectively and tightly matched with the lower end surfaces of the three circular tube-shaped cover bodies (203); the number of the composite amplitude transformer rods (206) is three; the center of the upper end surface of each composite amplitude transformer (206) is provided with a II-th threaded concave hole; the three composite amplitude transformers (206) are screwed at the tail ends of the three II pre-tightening bolts (202) through three II threaded concave holes respectively, and the upper end surfaces of the three composite amplitude transformers (206) are tightly matched with the lower end surfaces of the three circular tube-shaped piezoelectric plate groups respectively; the end face of the fastening section disc (207) is provided with three II assembling round holes in a penetrating manner, and the three II assembling round holes are arranged around the axis of the fastening section disc (207) at equal intervals; the fastening section disc (207) is fixedly assembled at the pitch circle positions of the three composite amplitude transformer rods (206) through three II-th assembling circular holes; the outer side surface of the fastening section disc (207) is provided with a II-th external thread; the lower end of the inner side surface of the circular tube-shaped envelope (208) is provided with a II internal thread, and the circular tube-shaped envelope (208) is screwed on the fastening joint disc (207) through the II internal thread; the inner diameter of the circular tube-shaped envelope (208) is equal to the outer diameter of the outer prestressed metal cylinder (101); the upper end surface of the circular tube-shaped envelope (208) is flush with the lower outer end surface of the outer prestressed metal cylinder (101).
2. The high power three dimensional vibratory ultrasonic radiator of claim 1, further comprising: an I-shaped wiring lug (111) extends from the upper end face of the circular tube-shaped inner electrode (106); a II wiring lug (112) is arranged on the upper end face of the circular tube-shaped outer electrode (108) in an extending manner; the side wall of the circular cup-shaped end cover (103) is provided with an I-shaped threading hole (113) in a penetrating way; a III wiring lug (209) extends from the outer side surface of each circular electrode plate (204); the side wall of the round tube-shaped envelope (208) is provided with a II-th threading hole (210) in a penetrating way.
3. The high power three dimensional vibratory ultrasonic radiator of claim 1, further comprising: the head of the first pre-tightening bolt (109) is pressed against the upper outer end face of the round cup-shaped end cover (103) through a first spring gasket; the screw rod of the first pre-tightening bolt (109) is coated with a first insulating sleeve; the head of each II pre-tightening bolt (202) presses the upper end face of the corresponding rubber spring (201) through an II spring gasket; the screw rods of the three II pre-tightening bolts (202) are respectively coated with an II insulating sleeve.
4. The high power three dimensional vibratory ultrasonic radiator of claim 1, further comprising: the density of the internal prestressed metal pressing block (105) is greater than that of the external prestressed metal cylinder (101); the density of the circular tube-shaped cover body (203) is greater than that of the composite amplitude transformer (206).
5. The high power three dimensional vibratory ultrasonic radiator of claim 1, further comprising: the radial polarized piezoelectric single crystal block (107), the radial polarized piezoelectric single crystal round tube and the annular piezoelectric single crystal piece (205) are PMN-PT single crystals or PMNT single crystals.
6. The high power three dimensional vibratory ultrasonic radiator of claim 1, further comprising: the outer prestressed metal cylinder (101) is made of 7075 aluminum alloy or LY12 aluminum alloy; the internal prestressed metal pressing block (105) is made of 316 stainless steel or DC53 steel; the circular tube-shaped inner electrode (106) is made of phosphor copper or beryllium copper; the round tube-shaped outer electrode (108) is made of phosphor copper or beryllium copper; the first pre-tightening bolt (109) is a hexagon head bolt; the II pre-tightening bolt (202) is a hexagon head bolt; the circular tube-shaped cover body (203) is made of 45# steel or 40Cr steel; the composite amplitude transformer (206) is formed by compounding an exponential amplitude transformer and a step-type amplitude transformer and is made of 7075 aluminum alloy or titanium alloy.
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