CN108967451A - 一种抗蚜虫栀子花用杀虫剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种抗蚜虫栀子花用杀虫剂,其原料按重量份包括:中药提取物10‑15份,除虫菊酯3‑5份,渗透剂4‑6份,分散剂2‑4份,多孔碳8‑12份,阿拉伯胶6‑8份,戊二醛1‑3份,水100份,其中,中药提取物的中药原料为夏枯草、丁香、薄荷、白鲜皮、桉叶。本发明还公开了上述抗蚜虫栀子花用杀虫剂的制备方法。本发明能长效杀虫,杀虫有效率高。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及杀虫剂技术领域,尤其涉及一种抗蚜虫栀子花用杀虫剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
栀子花又名栀子、黄栀子。属茜草科,为常绿灌木,枝叶繁茂,叶色四季常绿,花芳香。常用作园林绿化的花卉。除观赏外,其花、果实、叶和根可入药,有泻火除烦,清热利尿,凉血解毒之功效。花可做茶之香料,果实可消炎祛热。是优良的芳香花卉。
栀子花容易受到蚜虫的侵害,目前常通过喷洒化学杀虫剂来杀灭蚜虫,但是容易产生耐药性,且容易造成药物残留。
发明内容
基于背景技术存在的技术问题,本发明提出了一种抗蚜虫栀子花用杀虫剂及其制备方法,本发明能长效杀虫,杀虫有效率高。
本发明提出的一种抗蚜虫栀子花用杀虫剂,其原料按重量份包括:中药提取物10-15份,除虫菊酯3-5份,渗透剂4-6份,分散剂2-4份,多孔碳8-12份,阿拉伯胶6-8份,戊二醛1-3份,水100份,其中,中药提取物的中药原料为夏枯草、丁香、薄荷、白鲜皮、桉叶。
优选地,夏枯草、丁香、薄荷、白鲜皮、桉叶的重量比为20-30:8-10:8-10:15-20:15-20。
优选地,在中药提取物的制备过程中,将夏枯草、丁香、薄荷、白鲜皮、桉叶混匀,依次用水、乙酸乙酯提取,然后收集提取液,减压浓缩得到中药提取物。
优选地,渗透剂为大蒜精油和十四烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵。
优选地,分散剂为有机硅表面活性剂和蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚。
优选地,大蒜精油和十四烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵的重量比为1-2:5-7。
优选地,有机硅表面活性剂和蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚的重量比为2-3:0.5-1。
本发明还提出了上述抗蚜虫栀子花用杀虫剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:将中药提取物、除虫菊酯与多孔碳混匀,然后用阿拉伯胶水溶液包衣,晾干得到中间颗粒;将渗透剂、分散剂、戊二醛和水混匀,然后加入中间颗粒混匀得到抗蚜虫栀子花用杀虫剂。
上述抗蚜虫栀子花用杀虫剂的制备方法中,不规定阿拉伯胶水溶液的浓度,根据具体操作确定其浓度。
本发明选用夏枯草、丁香、薄荷、白鲜皮、桉叶的提取物与除虫菊酯相互配合构成杀虫成分,具有良好的杀灭蚜虫的性能,且不容易产生耐药性,不会造成药物残留;经多孔碳吸附,再经阿拉伯胶包衣,后经戊二醛交联,使得各杀虫成分能缓慢释放,达到长效杀虫的作用,减少施药次数,且阿拉伯胶的生物相容性较好,在渗透剂和表面活性剂的作用下可在栀子花叶面、枝干,蚜虫表面粘附,使得杀虫成分针对性的释放,提高杀虫有效率和防治性能;选用有机硅表面活性剂和蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚相互配合可以增加本发明和栀子花叶面、枝干,蚜虫表面的粘附性;选用大蒜精油和十四烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵组成渗透剂,不仅可以促进杀虫成分针对性的渗透进入蚜虫体内,而且能驱除虫害,进一步防治蚜虫。
具体实施方式
下面,通过具体实施例对本发明的技术方案进行详细说明。
实施例1
一种抗蚜虫栀子花用杀虫剂,其原料按重量份包括:中药提取物12份,除虫菊酯4份,渗透剂5份,分散剂3份,多孔碳10份,阿拉伯胶7份,戊二醛2份,水100份,其中,中药提取物的中药原料为夏枯草、丁香、薄荷、白鲜皮、桉叶。
上述抗蚜虫栀子花用杀虫剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:将中药提取物、除虫菊酯与多孔碳混匀,然后用阿拉伯胶水溶液包衣,晾干得到中间颗粒;将渗透剂、分散剂、戊二醛和水混匀,然后加入中间颗粒混匀得到抗蚜虫栀子花用杀虫剂;其杀虫率为89%。
实施例2
一种抗蚜虫栀子花用杀虫剂,其原料按重量份包括:中药提取物10份,除虫菊酯5份,渗透剂4份,分散剂4份,多孔碳8份,阿拉伯胶8份,戊二醛1份,水100份,其中,中药提取物的中药原料为夏枯草、丁香、薄荷、白鲜皮、桉叶;
在中药提取物的制备过程中,将夏枯草、丁香、薄荷、白鲜皮、桉叶混匀,依次用水、乙酸乙酯提取,然后收集提取液,减压浓缩得到中药提取物;
渗透剂为大蒜精油和十四烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵;
分散剂为有机硅表面活性剂和蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚。
上述抗蚜虫栀子花用杀虫剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:将中药提取物、除虫菊酯与多孔碳混匀,然后用阿拉伯胶水溶液包衣,晾干得到中间颗粒;将渗透剂、分散剂、戊二醛和水混匀,然后加入中间颗粒混匀得到抗蚜虫栀子花用杀虫剂;其杀虫率为92%。
实施例3
一种抗蚜虫栀子花用杀虫剂,其原料按重量份包括:中药提取物15份,除虫菊酯3份,渗透剂6份,分散剂2份,多孔碳12份,阿拉伯胶6份,戊二醛3份,水100份,其中,中药提取物的中药原料为夏枯草、丁香、薄荷、白鲜皮、桉叶;
在中药提取物的制备过程中,将夏枯草、丁香、薄荷、白鲜皮、桉叶混匀,依次用水、乙酸乙酯提取,然后收集提取液,减压浓缩得到中药提取物,其中,夏枯草、丁香、薄荷、白鲜皮、桉叶的重量比为20:10:8:20:15;
渗透剂为大蒜精油和十四烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵,其中,大蒜精油和十四烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵的重量比为2:5;
分散剂为有机硅表面活性剂和蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚,其中,有机硅表面活性剂和蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚的重量比为3:0.5。
上述抗蚜虫栀子花用杀虫剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:将中药提取物、除虫菊酯与多孔碳混匀,然后用阿拉伯胶水溶液包衣,晾干得到中间颗粒;将渗透剂、分散剂、戊二醛和水混匀,然后加入中间颗粒混匀得到抗蚜虫栀子花用杀虫剂;其杀虫率为90%。
实施例4
一种抗蚜虫栀子花用杀虫剂,其原料按重量份包括:中药提取物11份,除虫菊酯4.5份,渗透剂4.5份,分散剂3.5份,多孔碳9份,阿拉伯胶7.5份,戊二醛1.5份,水100份,其中,中药提取物的中药原料为夏枯草、丁香、薄荷、白鲜皮、桉叶;
在中药提取物的制备过程中,将夏枯草、丁香、薄荷、白鲜皮、桉叶混匀,依次用水、乙酸乙酯提取,然后收集提取液,减压浓缩得到中药提取物,其中,夏枯草、丁香、薄荷、白鲜皮、桉叶的重量比为30:8:10:15:20;
渗透剂为大蒜精油和十四烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵,其中,大蒜精油和十四烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵的重量比为1:7;
分散剂为有机硅表面活性剂和蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚,其中,有机硅表面活性剂和蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚的重量比为2:1。
上述抗蚜虫栀子花用杀虫剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:将中药提取物、除虫菊酯与多孔碳混匀,然后用阿拉伯胶水溶液包衣,晾干得到中间颗粒;将渗透剂、分散剂、戊二醛和水混匀,然后加入中间颗粒混匀得到抗蚜虫栀子花用杀虫剂;其杀虫率为93%。
实施例5
一种抗蚜虫栀子花用杀虫剂,其原料按重量份包括:中药提取物13份,除虫菊酯3.5份,渗透剂5.5份,分散剂2.5份,多孔碳11份,阿拉伯胶6.5份,戊二醛2.5份,水100份,其中,中药提取物的中药原料为夏枯草、丁香、薄荷、白鲜皮、桉叶;
在中药提取物的制备过程中,将夏枯草、丁香、薄荷、白鲜皮、桉叶混匀,依次用水、乙酸乙酯提取,然后收集提取液,减压浓缩得到中药提取物,其中,夏枯草、丁香、薄荷、白鲜皮、桉叶的重量比为25:9:9:17:17;
渗透剂为大蒜精油和十四烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵,其中,大蒜精油和十四烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵的重量比为1.5:6;
分散剂为有机硅表面活性剂和蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚,其中,有机硅表面活性剂和蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚的重量比为2.5:0.7。
上述抗蚜虫栀子花用杀虫剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:将中药提取物、除虫菊酯与多孔碳混匀,然后用阿拉伯胶水溶液包衣,晾干得到中间颗粒;将渗透剂、分散剂、戊二醛和水混匀,然后加入中间颗粒混匀得到抗蚜虫栀子花用杀虫剂;其杀虫率为94%。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种抗蚜虫栀子花用杀虫剂,其特征在于,其原料按重量份包括:中药提取物10-15份,除虫菊酯3-5份,渗透剂4-6份,分散剂2-4份,多孔碳8-12份,阿拉伯胶6-8份,戊二醛1-3份,水100份,其中,中药提取物的中药原料为夏枯草、丁香、薄荷、白鲜皮、桉叶。
2.根据权利要求1所述抗蚜虫栀子花用杀虫剂,其特征在于,夏枯草、丁香、薄荷、白鲜皮、桉叶的重量比为20-30:8-10:8-10:15-20:15-20。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述抗蚜虫栀子花用杀虫剂,其特征在于,在中药提取物的制备过程中,将夏枯草、丁香、薄荷、白鲜皮、桉叶混匀,依次用水、乙酸乙酯提取,然后收集提取液,减压浓缩得到中药提取物。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述抗蚜虫栀子花用杀虫剂,其特征在于,渗透剂为大蒜精油和十四烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述抗蚜虫栀子花用杀虫剂,其特征在于,分散剂为有机硅表面活性剂和蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚。
6.根据权利要求4所述抗蚜虫栀子花用杀虫剂,其特征在于,大蒜精油和十四烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵的重量比为1-2:5-7。
7.根据权利要求5所述抗蚜虫栀子花用杀虫剂,其特征在于,有机硅表面活性剂和蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚的重量比为2-3:0.5-1。
8.一种如权利要求1-7任一项所述抗蚜虫栀子花用杀虫剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:将中药提取物、除虫菊酯与多孔碳混匀,然后用阿拉伯胶水溶液包衣,晾干得到中间颗粒;将渗透剂、分散剂、戊二醛和水混匀,然后加入中间颗粒混匀得到抗蚜虫栀子花用杀虫剂。
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