CN108964827B - Short-distance wireless network based on frequency shift keying and adopting CDMA technology - Google Patents
Short-distance wireless network based on frequency shift keying and adopting CDMA technology Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/18—Phase-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using phase-shift keying
- H04L27/22—Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04J11/00—Orthogonal multiplex systems, e.g. using WALSH codes
- H04J2011/0003—Combination with other multiplexing techniques
- H04J2011/0006—Combination with other multiplexing techniques with CDM/CDMA
Abstract
A short-range wireless network based on frequency shift keying and adopting CDMA technology, in the wireless network based on CDMA, after a sending end spreads spectrum, the wireless channel is transmitted to a receiving end for demodulation and detection, a zero correlation zone ZCZ sequence is taken as a spread spectrum address code, a quasi-synchronous CDMA system with excellent multi-address interference resistance is realized, the delay of quasi-synchronization is controlled within 1bit, and 2-system frequency shift keying is adopted as a modulation and demodulation mode; the zero correlation sequence has ideal correlation characteristics within a zero correlation window around zero delay, and such a spreading sequence can minimize or even completely eliminate multiple access interference of the QS-CDMA system. The communication network of the invention has strong robustness and anti-fading capability, the system is simple to realize, the cost is much lower than that of the CDMA technology of the 3G mobile network, and the realization is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of communication, designs a method for realizing a direct short-distance wireless network, and provides a short-distance wireless network based on frequency shift keying and adopting a CDMA (code division multiple access) technology.
Technical Field
In recent years, with the rapid increase of data service demand of mobile terminals and the increasing bandwidth of signals, future wireless networks will be able to provide more Ubiquitous (Ubiquitous) mobile access. At present, in the field of wireless networks, the existing short-range wireless communication technologies Wi-FI, Zigbee, Bluetooth, UWB and the like play important roles in various applications. The development of the demand for high-speed data transmission between emergency relief communication networks and mobile robots in large cells or large commercial facilities requires that the mobile terminals of the wireless network be highly intelligent, and the network not only has stable uninterrupted signal transmission capability in any complex environment, but also has more prominent performances in the aspects of multiple access, real-time access, spectrum efficiency, transmission rate, reliability and the like.
Therefore, the increase of high-speed and large-capacity data services leads to higher and higher transmission rate, wider and wider bandwidth occupied by signals, and the influence of frequency selective fading caused by multipath effect on broadband signals is more and more obvious, thereby generating serious intersymbol interference. In addition, the multipath effect causes time-selective fading of a transmission signal under the influence of conditions such as frequency deviation of a crystal oscillator and doppler shift in a terminal fast-moving environment.
The 3G mobile network adopting the code division multiple access CDMA has good anti-interference and anti-fading performance. If the CDMA technology can be applied to short-distance communication, the above-mentioned communication requirements can be well met, so that the modification of the 3G technology for wireless networks becomes one of the current research hotspots, but the difficulty lies in that the cost for directly applying the 3G technology to the field of wireless networks is too high.
The CDMA network adopting the zero correlation (ZcZ) sequence has simple realization and adopts a quasi-synchronous transmission control mode, so that the network cost is greatly reduced. The invention will discuss the realization method of applying the short-distance wireless communication network.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a low-cost short-distance wireless network which is based on frequency shift keying, adopts a CDMA technology and adopts an orthogonal detection technology, has more outstanding performances in the aspects of multiple access, real-time access, spectrum efficiency, transmission rate, reliability and the like, and can effectively resist the influence caused by multi-channel fading.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: in the short-distance wireless network based on the frequency shift keying and adopting the CDMA technology, a signal at a sending end is transmitted to a receiving end through a wireless channel after being modulated and spread by spectrum, and is demodulated and detected; searching a group of sequences with ideal correlation characteristics near zero time delay as a spread spectrum address code, and realizing a quasi-synchronous CDMA system with excellent multi-address interference resistance, namely a zero correlation zone ZCZ sequence, wherein the zero correlation zone sequence is used as a main spread spectrum sequence of the quasi-synchronous CDMA communication system, the delay of quasi-synchronization is controlled within 1bit, and 2-system frequency shift keying is adopted as a modulation and demodulation mode; the zero correlation sequence has ideal correlation characteristics within a zero correlation window around zero delay, and such a spreading sequence can minimize or even completely eliminate multiple access interference of the QS-CDMA system.
Preferably, the detection is performed by an IQ detection which is a quadrature coherent demodulation technique.
Further, the zero correlation zone sequence is specifically as follows:
let A be a set of binary sequences of length n:
A＝{a1，a2，...，aM}
sequence akAnd amThe correlation function over time tau is,
if the self/cross correlation function satisfies the following condition:
a can be defined as a zero correlation sequence and can be represented as a (N, M, Z), the length M of the zero correlation sequence and the number k of users depend on the number of users of the short-distance wireless network, and the value of k and M is larger when the number of users of the network is larger.
Further, the receiving end detection specifically includes:
the receiver of the user k performs signal separation and demodulation processing of I phase and Q phase on the received signal r (t) as shown in formulas (4) and (5):
here phik＝2πfcτk+θkConsidering user j as a sample signal, the signal-to-noise ratios of the corresponding phases I and Q after the receiver receives the signal and despreads the signal by the sequence corresponding to user j are shown as (6) and (7),
in the above formula, Q is the correlation value after despreading by the original spread spectrum, where
I.e., the data transmitted by user j at time 1, which is either 1 or 0, a pilot signal 0 is inserted before this signal and transmitted through the comparison, the I and Q phases of the pilot signal are represented as:
equations (8) and (9) are introduced into (6) and (7), respectively, and the I-phase and Q-phase signals of user j at time 1 can be expressed as:
from this, equation (12) can be obtained, and the transmitted signal is correctly demodulated by the digital quadrature coherent detection technique:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. compared with the existing short-distance wireless communication mode, the method has more outstanding performances in the aspects of multiple access, real-time access, spectrum efficiency, transmission rate, reliability and the like. The communication network is very robust.
2. The CDMA communication network adopting the ZCZ does not need strict time synchronization due to the adoption of a quasi-synchronization control function, has good autocorrelation within 1bit of a delay control area, and has the cross correlation of 0. The system is simple to implement, has lower cost than the CDMA technology of the 3G mobile network, and can be particularly applied and implemented.
3. The frequency division multiplexing technology and the IQ detection technology are adopted, so that the wireless network has strong anti-fading capability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system of a wireless communication network according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of the principle of quadrature coherent demodulation.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of a communication environment.
Fig. 4 is a communication timing diagram.
Fig. 5 is a diagram showing a format conversion of each stage of a 2FSK sequence having a spreading length of 10 and a ZCZ sequence having a length of 8 in the embodiment.
Fig. 6 shows the error characteristics of the system in a multipath fading channel.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a short-distance wireless network based on frequency shift keying and adopting CDMA technology, which is concretely realized as follows:
in quasi-synchronous CDMA communication system, the system base station and each mobile user do not need strict synchronization, thus realizing simple. For the characteristics of the system, the requirement of the adopted spreading address code group is to have ideal correlation characteristics within the synchronization error range. Therefore, a quasi-synchronous CDMA system with excellent multi-address interference resistance can be realized by only searching a group of sequences with ideal correlation characteristics near zero delay as spreading address codes, and Zero Correlation Zone (ZCZ) sequences are adapted to the requirement.
The zero correlation zone sequence means that a region with a specific length exists near zero delay, and the sequence has ideal autocorrelation characteristics and ideal cross-correlation characteristics in the region. The zero correlation sequence plays an important role as a main spreading sequence of a quasi-synchronous CDMA communication system and directly influences the quality of the system performance. In the invention, the delay of quasi-synchronization is controlled within 1bit, and 2-system frequency shift keying is adopted as a modulation and demodulation mode.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a short-range wireless network system using CDMA technology based on frequency shift keying. The zero correlation sequence has ideal correlation characteristics in a certain region (within a zero correlation window) near the zero delay, and the spread spectrum sequence can minimize or even completely eliminate multiple access interference of the QS-CDMA system.
The quadrature coherent demodulation technique (IQ detection) of the test pattern employed in the present invention is shown in fig. 2. The advantage of the orthogonal coherent detection technology is that the signal can be correctly demodulated when the phase of the signal cannot be correctly recovered by a receiving end, and the hardware cost is saved.
Fig. 3 and 4 are a communication environment and a communication timing diagram, respectively. The range within which a signal from a base station can reach is a network, within which there are several nodes (A, B, C, D, E, F). The base station is provided with a synchronous signal transmitter, the transmitter transmits a synchronous control signal once at a certain time interval, all nodes in the range covered by the base station can receive the synchronous control signal, and each node receives and transmits information under the control of the synchronous signal. Information can be transmitted and received between nodes located at relatively large distances within the signal control range of the base station (e.g., node B and node D).
For the zero correlation zone sequence, the following is specific:
let a be a set of binary sequences of length n,
A＝{a1，a2，...，aM}
sequence akAnd amThe correlation function over time tau is,
if the self/cross correlation function satisfies the following condition:
a can be defined as a zero correlation sequence and can be represented as a (N, M, Z). The length M and the number k of the users of the zero correlation sequence depend on the number of users of the short-distance wireless network, and the values of the corresponding k and the M are larger when the number of the users of the network is larger.
Further, the detection at the receiving end is specifically as follows:
the receiver of the user k performs signal separation demodulation processing of I phase and Q phase on the signal r (t) received by the formula (3) as shown in the formulas (4) and (5):
it is to be noted that phi herek＝2πfcτk+θkLet us take user j as sample signal for consideration. At this time, the signal-to-signal ratios of the I-phase and the Q-phase after the receiver receives the signal and despreads the signal by the corresponding sequence of the user j are shown as (6) and (7),
in the above formula, Q is the correlation value after despreading by the original spread spectrum, where
I.e. the data transmitted by user j at time 1, which is 1 or 0, is found
The value of the transmitted signal can be judged, but because the digital signal which is possibly the carrier phase shift between 0 and pi is inverted when the receiving end recovers the carrier phase, the pilot signal 0 is inserted before the signal, and the pilot signal and the transmission signal can overcome the defect through transmission and comparison. The I and Q phases of the pilot signal may be expressed as:
equations (8) and (9) are introduced into (6) and (7), respectively, and the I-phase and Q-phase signals of user j at time 1 can be expressed as:
from this, equation (12) is obtained, and thus the transmission signal can be correctly demodulated by the digital quadrature coherent detection technique:
in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the description is intended to be exemplary only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 5, values of k and M are determined according to the number of users, and for simplicity, the implementation case takes as an example that a maximum of 4 users in the network communicate, and the ZCZ sequence adopts a ZCZ sequence with a length of 8, that is, k is 4, M is 8, and the spreading sequence length is 10, because a one-bit delay code is added before and after each spreading sequence.
Through computer simulation, the error code characteristics of fig. 6 are obtained, and under a white gaussian noise AWGN channel, when the number of simultaneous communication users is 1 and 4, the error code characteristics of the system are almost the same, that is, the error code characteristics of the user system do not change greatly due to the increase of users, and it is verified that the zero correlation sequence has better cross correlation. Under the condition that the signal-to-noise ratio is 0dB, the error rate of the system is higher, which is caused by the fact that the ratio of the average power of the signal to the average power of additive noise is 1: 1; at a signal-to-noise ratio of 10dB, the bit error rate of the system is greatly reduced, since the ratio of the average power of the signal to the average power of the additive noise is 10: 1, the noise interference is weakened relative to the signal, and the system performance is improved.
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of or explaining the principles of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Therefore, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Further, it is intended that the appended claims cover all such variations and modifications as fall within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims or the equivalents of such scope and boundaries.
Claims (2)
1. A short-distance wireless network based on frequency shift keying and adopting CDMA technology is characterized in that in the wireless network based on CDMA, signals at a sending end are transmitted to a receiving end through a wireless channel after being modulated and spread in frequency, and are demodulated and detected; searching a group of sequences with ideal correlation characteristics near zero time delay as a spread spectrum address code, and realizing a quasi-synchronous CDMA system with excellent multi-address interference resistance, namely a zero correlation zone ZCZ sequence, wherein the zero correlation zone sequence is used as a main spread spectrum sequence of the quasi-synchronous CDMA communication system, the delay of quasi-synchronization is controlled within 1bit, and 2-system frequency shift keying is adopted as a modulation and demodulation mode; the zero correlation sequence has ideal correlation characteristics within a zero correlation window near zero delay, and the spread spectrum sequence can minimize or even completely eliminate multiple access interference of the QS-CDMA system;
the zero correlation zone sequence is specifically as follows:
let A be a set of binary sequences of length N:
A＝{a1,a2,...,ak,...,aM}
ak＝(ao k,a1 k,...,ai k,...,aN-1 k),ai k∈{1,-1} (1)
sequence akAnd amThe correlation function over time tau is,
if the self/cross correlation function satisfies the following condition:
a can be defined as a zero correlation sequence and can be represented as a (N, M, Z), the length M and the number k of users of the zero correlation sequence depend on the number of users of the short-distance wireless network, and the value of k and M is larger when the number of users of the network is larger;
the receiving end detection specifically comprises the following steps:
the receiver of user k performs signal separation and demodulation processing of I phase and Q phase on the received signal r (t) as shown in formulas (4) and (5):
here phik＝2πfcτk+θkConsidering user j as a sample signal, the signal-to-noise ratios of the corresponding phases I and Q after the receiver receives the signal and despreads the signal by the sequence corresponding to user j are shown as (6) and (7),
in the above formula, Q is the correlation value after despreading by the original spread spectrum, where
I.e., the data transmitted by user j at time l, which is either 1 or 0, a pilot signal 0 is inserted before this signal and transmitted through the comparison, the I and Q phases of the pilot signal are represented as:
equations (8) and (9) are introduced into (6) and (7), respectively, and the I-phase and Q-phase signals of user j at time l can be expressed as:
from this, equation (12) can be obtained, and the transmitted signal is correctly demodulated by the digital quadrature coherent detection technique:
2. the short-range wireless network using CDMA technology based on frequency shift keying according to claim 1, wherein the detection uses quadrature coherent demodulation, i.e. IQ detection.
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