CN108964782A - A kind of safety of physical layer Enhancement Method of free space optical-fiber network - Google Patents
A kind of safety of physical layer Enhancement Method of free space optical-fiber network Download PDFInfo
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- CN108964782A CN108964782A CN201810860219.7A CN201810860219A CN108964782A CN 108964782 A CN108964782 A CN 108964782A CN 201810860219 A CN201810860219 A CN 201810860219A CN 108964782 A CN108964782 A CN 108964782A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/50—Transmitters
- H04B10/564—Power control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
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- H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/50—Transmitters
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of safety of physical layer Enhancement Methods of free space optical-fiber network, comprising: S1, sender legitimate user Alice send data-signal, and interference module is estimated to send interference signal according to channel status；S2, signal modulation is carried out using modulator to data-signal and interference signal according to different data symbol；S3, it is encoded using optical signal of the different encoders to data-signal and interference signal after modulation；S4, using coupler by after coding data-signal and interference signal be coupled in atmospheric turbulence channels and transmit；S5, receiving end legitimate user Bob carry out corresponding matching and decoding to received optical signal using decoder；S6, Photoelectric Detection is carried out to signal using photodetector APD；S7, legitimate user carry out demodulation to the signal that Photoelectric Detection is crossed using demodulator and obtain the data-signal that sender Alice is sent.To improve the safety of FSO Transmission system.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to optical communication technique improvement areas more particularly to a kind of safety of physical layer of free space optical-fiber network to increase
Strong method.
Background technique
Free space optical (FSO) communication has many advantages, such as that high bandwidth, to be not required to licensing, rapid deployment and flexibility high,
It is considered as the up-and-coming a solution for solving the problems, such as last one kilometer in wireless communication, as a kind of novel nothing
Line communication mode, when communication difficult to realize using optical fiber, FSO can provide the point-to-point communication of very high speed.In addition,
FSO communication can be used for many optical links, such as the data link on satellite and ground, the ad hoc relaying that limit by fiber optic network
Link etc..However, FSO also will receive the influence of optics eavesdropping, for example, listener-in stops light beam deliberately to stop expected receiving end
Footprint in receiving end of sight or divergent beams it is very big, when covering receiving end and listener-in, there are security risks by FSO.
Listener-in can also obtain the information of link from non-line-of-sight scatter channel, so that FSO communication system has information security.
In addition, the intensity of atmospheric turbulance, light beam can all impact the safety of FSO communication system, and information privacy and safety pass
Defeated is the basic demand communicated between user.Therefore, the safety gesture of FSO communication system is improved using effective technology must
Row.
Traditional optical-fiber network safety use upper network layer agreement data encryption, and assume physical layer have been provided it is unimpeded and
The transmission of zero defect.But with the development of science and technology, all have proven to can be with for all cryptographic means based on algorithm
It cracks, is no longer satisfied the demand of information security.For example, 2009, the research team of Japan, France and Germany cracks
The RSA cryptographic algorithms of 768 bits.The quantum cryptography communication of " indeterminacy " and " indivisible " principle based on physics has absolute
Safety, but due to being limited by physical mechanism, current Technique on Quantum Communication is appropriate only for the signal transmission of low rate.Physics
Layer encryption has evincible safety as a kind of moderate safety approach.
The main technical schemes of optical-fiber network safety of physical layer have: chaotic optical communication, optical code division multiple access (Optical Code
Division Multiple Access, OCDMA) and quantum noise random coded (Quantum Noise Randomized
Cipher, QNRC) etc..The safety of chaotic optical communication system is realized in the complexity of chaotic signal, there is presently no
The theory and means of a kind of holonomic system carry out the safety to chaotic optical communication and carry out analysis and assessment, and the mistake of existing experimental system
Code rate is higher.Meanwhile transmitting terminal and the laser parameter of receiving end must exactly match, and guarantee to pass under more satisfactory environment
It is defeated.OCDMA communication system is with multiple-protection-function, it can be achieved that the safe transmission of optical information.1) anti-intercepting and capturing, OCDMA system base
In the spread spectrum mechanism and security system of time-frequency domain conversation, the function of stronger anti-intercepting and capturing is made it have.2) attack resistance, in face of malice
Invasion, OCDMA system can effectively be avoided the influence of invasion optical signal, be ensured using the measures such as frequency hopping coding or code word reconstruct
System operates normally, to have anti-attack ability, really
The safety of message communication information-preserving.3) authentication, OCDMA system assign a unique area of light address to each user
Code, unauthorized user cannot get the signal of transmitted other users in system, it is ensured that and user can only receive the signal of itself,
By dynamic reconfigurable address code, system can confirm the identity of each user at any time, it is ensured that the credible delivery of information.4) it hides
Property, to confidentiality requirements height
Information transmission, using concealment transmit, increase the technical difficulty being found, to increase its safety.OCDMA system
The signal transmitted is become noise like, hidden in normal transmissions system by characteristic when system is expanded using its spread spectrum, in addition concealment in
In ambient noise.
In addition, there are atmospheric turbulances in FSO communication system, if modulating using OOK, need to be arranged dynamic
Decision threshold, and PPM does not need that decision threshold is arranged in receiving end, it is only necessary to the output of different time-gap is compared, so that it may
To select the signal for needing to restore, in addition, PPM is higher to the utilization rate of power, strong antijamming capability.Therefore, PPM modulation is one
The modulation system of kind most suitable FSO communication at present.
On the one hand, with the fast development of science and technology, so that it is all feasible for cracking any one Encryption Algorithm theoretically
, such as RSA the and DES algorithm etc. that has been cracked.On the other hand, OCDMA encryption in physical layer can improve existing optic communication system
The safety of system.Therefore, in order to further increase the safety of existing FSO communication system.
Traditional FSO optical-fiber network safety uses the data encryption of upper network layer agreement, and assumes that physical layer has been provided freely
Logical and zero defect transmission.But what all cryptographic means based on algorithm all had proven to can to crack.For example,
2009, the research team of Japan, France and Germany cracked the RSA cryptographic algorithms of 768 bits." indeterminacy " based on physics
The quantum cryptography communication of " indivisible " principle has absolute safety, but due to being limited by physical mechanism, current amount
The sub- communication technology is appropriate only for the signal transmission of low rate.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of safety of physical layer Enhancement Methods of free space optical-fiber network, it is intended in solution
The technical issues of stating.
The invention is realized in this way a kind of safety of physical layer Enhancement Method of free space optical-fiber network, described freely empty
Between optical-fiber network safety of physical layer Enhancement Method the following steps are included:
S1, sender legitimate user Alice send data-signal, and interference module is estimated to send interference letter according to channel status
Number；
S2, signal modulation is carried out using modulator to data-signal and interference signal according to different data symbol；
S3, it is encoded using optical signal of the different encoders to data-signal and interference signal after modulation；
S4, using coupler by after coding data-signal and interference signal be coupled in atmospheric turbulence channels and transmit；
S5, receiving end legitimate user Bob carry out corresponding matching and decoding to received optical signal using decoder；
S6, Photoelectric Detection is carried out to signal using photodetector APD；
S7, legitimate user carry out demodulation to the signal that Photoelectric Detection is crossed using demodulator and obtain what sender Alice was sent
Data-signal.
A further technical solution of the present invention is: further comprising the steps of in the step S5:
S51, receiving end eavesdropping user Eve carry out corresponding non-matching decoding to received optical signal using decoder.
A further technical solution of the present invention is: further comprising the steps of in the step S7:
S71, eavesdropping user, which demodulate the signal that Photoelectric Detection is crossed using demodulator, can not obtain sender Alice hair
The data-signal sent.
A further technical solution of the present invention is: interference module described in the step S1 passes through according to channel status estimation
Power control sends interference signal.
A further technical solution of the present invention is: the encoder uses OCDMA optical encoder, using light orthogonal code to letter
It number is encoded, the decoder uses OCDMA optical decoder, is decoded using light orthogonal code to signal.
A further technical solution of the present invention is: the modulator uses MWPPM modulator, modulated in sender MWPPM
Device modulates signals on light carrier processed；In receiving end, MWPPM modulator, which is modulated signals into, obtains the initial data that sender sends
Signal.
A further technical solution of the present invention is: the interference signal that the interference module issues reduces the noise of eavesdropping user
Than.
A further technical solution of the present invention is: one-dimensional coding or two-dimensional encoded can be used in the OCDMA optical encoder.
A further technical solution of the present invention is: the OCDMA encoder is using fiber delay line or fiber grating or liquid
Brilliant or AWG or PLC.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: for eavesdropping user, it is necessary to the pumped FIR laser encryption for cracking physical layer, to mention
The high safety of FSO Transmission system.Self-interference signal is added in transmitting terminal, reduces the signal-to-noise ratio of eavesdropping user, in addition, according to
The channel status of FSO/CDMA, can use power control module, control the power of interference signal, reinforce interference signal
To the interference effect of eavesdropping user, to have the function that improve FSO/CDMA system physical layer safety.Use MWPPM modulation methods
Formula substantially increases the utilization rate of optical power in FSO/CDMA system, also avoids OOK modulating system and needs that dynamic decision is arranged
The deficiency of thresholding.Existing FSO communication system can be transformed in this patent, and on existing FSO communication line, interference mould is added
Block, installation pumped FIR laser/decoding security equipment, promote communication system ability of anti-interception, and it is logical safely to form safe and reliable new FSO
Letter system；Also it can establish novel, safe FSO communications network system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the safety of physical layer Enhancement Method of free space optical-fiber network provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that the FSO/CDMA provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on self-interference MWPPM makes contact system.
Fig. 3 is the system block diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention for disturbing module.
Fig. 4 is 2-4-MWPPM pulse position modulation schematic diagram one provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is 2-4-MWPPM pulse position modulation schematic diagram two provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is fiber delay line encoder and decoder block diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the safety of physical layer Enhancement Method of free space optical-fiber network provided by the invention, details are as follows:
Step S1, sender legitimate user Alice send data-signal, and interference module sends dry according to channel status estimation
Disturb signal；In optical fiber hybrid network, including two legitimate users Alice and Bob, listener-in Eve and a interference module, it does
Disturb the controllable interference signal of module sender's power.In signal sending end, legitimate user Alice and interference module send out signal
Afterwards, interference signal is issued under channel status estimation by power control interference module, and wherein interference module is multiple.
Step S2 carries out signal modulation using modulator to data-signal and interference signal according to different data symbol；?
After signal issues, in a network according to different data symbols, data-signal and interference signal to transmission are modulated using MWPPM
Device is modulated on light carrier.
Step S3 is compiled using optical signal of the different encoders to data-signal and interference signal after modulation
Code；By the signal after demodulation by respectively different OCDMA optical encoders, information is encoded using light orthogonal code (OOC).
Step S4, using coupler by after coding data-signal and interference signal be coupled in atmospheric turbulence channels and pass
It is defeated；Using coupler by after coding legitimate user's signal and interference signal be coupled in FSO atmospheric channel and transmit.
Step S5, receiving end legitimate user Bob carry out corresponding matching and decoding to received optical signal using decoder；?
Receiving end, legitimate user Bob and eavesdropping user are decoded the signal received using optical encoder accordingly,
Step S6 carries out Photoelectric Detection to signal using photodetector APD；Using APD as receiving end photodetection
Device.
Step S7, legitimate user carry out demodulation to the signal that Photoelectric Detection is crossed using demodulator and obtain sender Alice hair
The data-signal sent.Legitimate user recipient Bob carries out the decoding of matching and decoding device, then recovers original by the demodulation of MWPPM demodulator
The data information of beginning, and eavesdropping user Eve knows the information of FSO/CDMA system, such as data rate, type of coding and code word knot
Structure etc., but it does not know the specific code word that user uses, therefore, Eve can only use non-matching decoder to be decoded.Cause
This, for eavesdropping user, it is necessary to crack the pumped FIR laser encryption of physical layer, the correct restoring user data of ability, to improve
The safety of physical layer of FSO Transmission system.
As shown in Figure 2 this, the FSO/CDMA of the self-interference MWPPM of proposition makes contact system, including two legitimate user Alice
With Bob, listener-in Eve and m interference module, interference module sends the controllable interference signal of m power.It is sent in signal
After end, legitimate user Alice and interference module send out signal, user data and interference data first pass around MWPPM modulator
It is modulated on light carrier, then by respectively different OCDMA optical encoders, information is compiled using light orthogonal code (OOC)
Code.Finally, using coupler by after coding legitimate user's signal and interference signal be coupled in FSO atmospheric channel and pass
It is defeated.In receiving end, legitimate user Bob and eavesdropping user are decoded the signal received using optical encoder accordingly,
In, legitimate user recipient Bob carries out the decoding of matching and decoding device, then recovers original data by the demodulation of MWPPM demodulator and believe
Breath, and eavesdropping user Eve knows the information of FSO/CDMA system, such as data rate, type of coding and codeword structure, but it
The specific code word that user uses is not known, and therefore, Eve can only use non-matching decoder to be decoded.Therefore, for eavesdropping
For user, it is necessary to the pumped FIR laser encryption of physical layer, the correct restoring user data of ability are cracked, to improve FSO transmission system
The safety of physical layer of system.
In the optic communication of high-speed, amplification is generated to faint photoelectric current since avalanche photodide (APD) has
Effect, than PIN photodiode have better sensitivity.Therefore, it in this patent, is visited using APD as receiving end photoelectricity
Survey device.In addition, the FSO/CDMA system wiretap channel model that the application proposes, is added self-interference signal, can reduce eavesdropping user
The received signal to noise ratio of Eve, to achieve the purpose that improve FSO/CDMA security of system on a physical layer.Meanwhile opposite OOK comes
It says, PPM does not need that dynamic decision threshold is arranged in receiving end, it is only necessary to be compared to the output electric current of different time-gap, just
Signal can be adjudicated and restore, furthermore PPM is higher to the utilization rate of power, strong antijamming capability, is most suitable FSO communication at present
A kind of modulation system.However, also will receive pulse using the FSO/CDMA system of PPM modulation when system long transmission distance
The influence of broadening.Therefore, in this application, we further increase the performance of system using multi-wavelength PPM (MWPPM).
In the application, in transmitting terminal, in addition to legitimate user Alice, there is also m interference module, each interference module
Interference signal is sent, to reduce the signal-to-noise ratio of eavesdropping user.As shown in Figure 3.Firstly, the channel of transmitting terminal estimation FSO/CDMA
Then state utilizes power control module, controls the transmission power of interference signal, improve FSO/CDMA system to reach
The effect for safety of physical layer of uniting.For example, when weather is very sunny, the decaying very little of FSO atmospheric channel, due to legitimate user
The transmission power of Alice remains unchanged, we can utilize power control mould while keeping FSO/CDMA system reliability
Block improves the power of interference signal, to increase interference of the interference signal to eavesdropping user, improves the safety of FSO/CDMA system
Property.
Multi-wavelength PPM (MWPPM) is the modulation system that wavelength-shift keying and PPM be combined with each other, and there are two parameters by MWPPM
Characterization, number of wavelengths and timeslot number.In M-L-MWPPM, M indicates number of wavelengths, and L indicates timeslot number.According to different user data
Symbol transmits in be modulated in L time slot of the sum of M wavelength one combination of light pulse.For example, in 2-4-MWPPM modulation methods
In formula, according to different user data, one of combination of 2 wavelength and 4 time slots is selected to send light pulse.For example, with
The selection of user data 000,001,010,011 uses wavelength, and 100,101,110,111 selections use wavelength, and light pulse is specific
Time slot position, can according to traditional PPM modulation determine.2-4-MWPPM pulse position modulation schematic diagram, as illustrated in figures 4-5,
The light pulse of Fig. 4 uses wavelength, respectively indicates user data 000,001,010, the light pulse of 011, Fig. 5 using wavelength, respectively
Indicate user data 100,101,110,111.Compared with traditional PPM, M-L-MWPPM can reduce channel symbol rate.
Optical signal is encoded using optical encoder, the optical signal after pumped FIR laser is similar to the random noise of low-power,
Listener-in is difficult to restore data with other address codes, and only specific address code could restore data.To obtain former optical signal,
There are strict requirements to optical decoder, only carries out relative decoding by unique matching optical decoder, could restore
Former optical signal out；If optical decoder is not matched with optical encoder, what is obtained after decoding is noise signal.
It should be noted that the OCDMA encoder mentioned in this patent, can be one-dimensional coding, it can also be two-dimensional encoded,
Specific implementation can use fiber delay line, fiber grating, liquid crystal, AWG, PLC etc..Fig. 6 is to be compiled using the light of fiber delay line
Code device and decoder block diagram, optical encoder and optical decoder are made of a few beam parallel optical fibres and two 1 × w star couplers, root
Determine that the length of each fibre delay line, delay line number of branches are equal to the number of the chip of address code according to designed light orthogonal code
Mesh (i.e. code weight).The effect of optical encoder is to generate corresponding address code sequence, as shown in Fig. 6 (a), for (i1, i2...,
ij..., iw) light orthogonal code, wherein ijIndicate j-th " 1 " in code word the location of in the codeword (Position Number 0,
1,2 ... n-1), it is constituted with the optical splitter of 1 × w, w parallel optical fibre delay line and the optical combiner of w × 1.Wherein, j-th strip light
The delay of fine delay line is ijτ, τ are chip width (i.e. the time width of light pulse).
In receiving end, the structure of optical decoder is similar with encoder, except that optical-fiber time-delay is complementary relationship, such as schemes
Shown in 6 (b).Its function is that input signal and decoder are made related operation, realizes matching and decoding.In optical decoder, optical fiber prolongs
When line delay be { (n-1-i1) τ, (n-1-i2) τ ..., (n-1-ij) τ ..., (n-1-iw)τ}。
For eavesdropping user, it is necessary to the pumped FIR laser encryption for cracking physical layer, to improve the peace of FSO Transmission system
Quan Xing.Meanwhile self-interference signal is added in transmitting terminal, the signal-to-noise ratio of eavesdropping user is reduced, in addition, according to the channel of FSO/CDMA
State can use power control module, control the power of interference signal, reinforces interference signal and does to eavesdropping user
The effect of disturbing, to have the function that improve FSO/CDMA system physical layer safety.In addition, being mentioned significantly using MWPPM modulation system
The utilization rate of optical power, also avoids OOK modulating system and needs to be arranged dynamic decision thresholding not in high FSO/CDMA system
Foot.Existing FSO communication system can be transformed in this patent, and on existing FSO communication line, interference module, installation light is added
Coding/decoding safety equipment promotes communication system ability of anti-interception, forms safe and reliable new FSO safe communication system；?
It can establish novel, safe FSO communications network system.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of safety of physical layer Enhancement Method of free space optical-fiber network, which is characterized in that the free space optical-fiber network
Safety of physical layer Enhancement Method the following steps are included:
S1, sender legitimate user Alice send data-signal, and interference module is estimated to send interference signal according to channel status；
S2, signal modulation is carried out using modulator to data-signal and interference signal according to different data symbol；
S3, it is encoded using optical signal of the different encoders to data-signal and interference signal after modulation；
S4, using coupler by after coding data-signal and interference signal be coupled in atmospheric turbulence channels and transmit；
S5, receiving end legitimate user Bob carry out corresponding matching and decoding to received optical signal using decoder；
S6, Photoelectric Detection is carried out to signal using photodetector APD；
S7, legitimate user carry out demodulation to the signal that Photoelectric Detection is crossed using demodulator and obtain the data that sender Alice is sent
Signal.
2. the safety of physical layer Enhancement Method of free space optical-fiber network according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
It is further comprising the steps of in rapid S5:
S51, receiving end eavesdropping user Eve carry out corresponding non-matching decoding to received optical signal using decoder.
3. the safety of physical layer Enhancement Method of free space optical-fiber network according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the step
It is further comprising the steps of in rapid S7:
S71, eavesdropping user, which demodulate the signal that Photoelectric Detection is crossed using demodulator, can not obtain sender Alice transmission
Data-signal.
4. the safety of physical layer Enhancement Method of free space optical-fiber network according to claim 1-3, feature exist
In interference module described in the step S1 is estimated to send interference signal by power control according to channel status.
5. the safety of physical layer Enhancement Method of free space optical-fiber network according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the volume
Code device uses OCDMA optical encoder, is encoded using light orthogonal code to signal, and the decoder uses OCDMA optical decoder,
Signal is decoded using light orthogonal code.
6. the safety of physical layer Enhancement Method of free space optical-fiber network according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the tune
Device processed uses MWPPM modulator, modulates signals on light carrier processed in sender's MWPPM modulator；It is modulated in receiving end MWPPM
Device, which modulates signals into, obtains the original data signal that sender sends.
7. the safety of physical layer Enhancement Method of free space optical-fiber network according to claim 6, which is characterized in that described dry
The interference signal for disturbing module sending reduces the signal-to-noise ratio of eavesdropping user.
8. the safety of physical layer Enhancement Method of free space optical-fiber network according to claim 7, which is characterized in that described
One-dimensional coding or two-dimensional encoded can be used in OCDMA optical encoder.
9. the safety of physical layer Enhancement Method of free space optical-fiber network according to claim 7, which is characterized in that described
OCDMA encoder is using fiber delay line or fiber grating or liquid crystal or AWG or PLC.
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| CN113225136A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-08-06 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Free space quantum key distribution system capable of realizing self-adaptive phase compensation |
| CN113411134A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-09-17 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Physical layer safety communication device and method for coherent light communication |
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| CN113541821A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-10-22 | 安徽继远软件有限公司 | Physical layer encryption method and system for optical communication of intelligent substation |
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