CN108964612A - A kind of low noise distribution amplitude modulation circuit and modulator approach, microwave signal generator - Google Patents
A kind of low noise distribution amplitude modulation circuit and modulator approach, microwave signal generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN108964612A CN108964612A CN201810663286.XA CN201810663286A CN108964612A CN 108964612 A CN108964612 A CN 108964612A CN 201810663286 A CN201810663286 A CN 201810663286A CN 108964612 A CN108964612 A CN 108964612A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03C—MODULATION
- H03C1/00—Amplitude modulation
- H03C1/02—Details
Abstract
The invention proposes a kind of distributed amplitude modulation circuits, belong to microwave signal generator technical field.The distribution amplitude modulation circuit is used for microwave signal generator, including multiple cascade amplitude modulation units, each amplitude modulation unit includes amplitude modulator, driving circuit and amplifier, by adjusting the attenuation of amplitude modulator in each amplitude modulation unit, change microwave signal generator output power.Using distributed amplitude modulation circuit of the invention, in the case where signal source exports low power situation, suitable decaying can be carried out, it can be achieved that compared with high s/n ratio to signal by multilevel distributed amplitude modulator；The deterioration raised with phase noise for avoiding noise floor, to improve signal quality.The invention also discloses a kind of low noise distribution amplitude modulation approach, microwave signal generator.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to signal generator field, in particular to a kind of low noise distribution amplitude modulation circuit and modulation methods
Method, microwave signal generator.
Background technique
Universal microwave signal generator is one of common microwave measuring instrument, according to testing requirement, signal generator
Exportable assigned frequency, the signal for specifying power, specified modulation type, for simulating various test scenes；Not by outside
In the case where fixed attenuation unit, it is even higher that microwave signal generator output power dynamic range can reach 50dB, gives in this way
Signal quality has brought huge challenge, in the case where the variation of microwave signal generator output power, signal noise bottom
It changes, is embodied in when microwave signal generator exports in low power situation, noise in output signal bottom is raised, phase
Position noise also deteriorates therewith, and dynamic range is bigger, and noise floor is higher, and phase noise deterioration is more serious, which seriously affects
Microwave signal generator output signal items noise objective.
Fig. 1 shows a typical circuit of microwave signal generator, which uses auto level control (Auto
Level control, ALC) technology and amplitude modulation technique, auto level control major function be to be precisely controlled signal output work
Rate, then major function is that amplitude information is modulated to carrier wave convenient for transmission to amplitude modulation technique.Because of the amplitude control in alc circuit
Amplitude modulation circuit effect in circuit and signal generator is improved signal amplitude, to simplify microwave signal
Device scheme, amplitude control circuit and amplitude modulation circuit in ALC loop are usually to share same circuit, i.e. shown in Fig. 1
Amplitude modulation circuit, amplitude modulation circuit rear end are multi-stage cascade amplifier, are acted on to amplify to microwave signal.Signal hair
Raw device output signal couples signal all the way by directional coupler and carries out detection, obtains the detecting circuit of corresponding power, detection electricity
It presses big rear reference voltage corresponding with predetermined power to be compared, comparator exports amplified voltage difference, passes through driver
Amplitude of accommodation modulator attenuation after conversion, changes microwave signal generator output power, which repeats always above move
State adjustment state is stablized when that is, output power signal reaches predetermined power until detecting circuit is equal with reference voltage.
Microwave signal generator can also be realized using other circuits, currently, existing microwave signal generator is all adopted
With single-stage amplitude modulation circuit, i.e., amplitude modulation circuit shown in dotted line frame, amplitude modulator are single stage modulation as shown in figure 1
Device, signal generator output power dynamic range are amplitude modulator maximum attenuation amount, and amplitude modulator rear end is multistage grade
Join amplifier, for microwave signal power amplification output.
Under microwave signal generator minimum output power state, amplitude modulator (amplitude controller) reaches maximum attenuation
Amount, such as signal generator dynamic range are that 50dB is even higher, and the attenuation of amplitude modulation circuit is up to 50dB even more
Height, the theoretically minimum -174dBm/Hz in signal noise bottom, in the case of low-power level signal output, signal decays 50dB even more
Height, but noise floor has arrived at limit theory value, signal-to-noise ratio degradation is serious, after backend amplifier amplifies, noise floor
Portion is raised with signal amplification, and phase noise deteriorates, signal quality decline.
Summary of the invention
To solve above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, the invention proposes a kind of low noise distribution amplitude modulation circuit and
Modulator approach, microwave signal generator, being modulated using distributed amplitude improves noise floor, improves phase noise.
The technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows:
A kind of distribution amplitude modulation circuit, is used for microwave signal generator, including multiple cascade amplitude modulation units,
Each amplitude modulation unit includes amplitude modulator, driving circuit and amplifier, by adjusting width in each amplitude modulation unit
The attenuation of modulator is spent, microwave signal generator output power is changed.
Optionally, the setting of amplitude modulation units at different levels meets the following conditions:
NGin+Gn-ATTn>NG+K
Wherein, NG is entire signal link lowest noise bottom；NGin, which is input signal power, corresponding when being Pin to make an uproar
Sound bottom；G1~Gn is amplitude modulation unit amplifier gains at different levels；ATT1~ATTn is amplitude modulator attenuations at different levels；K
For margin value.
Optionally, the K=5~10dB.
Optionally, the distributed amplitude modulation circuit setting meets the following conditions:
G=G1+G2+ ...+Gn
ATT=ATT1+ATT2+ ...+ATTn
Wherein, G is overall gain needed for signal path, and ATT is overall attenuation needed for signal path,
G=Pmax-Pin
ATT=Pd
Wherein, Pd is signal generator output power dynamic range, and Pmax is signal generator Maximum Power Output.
The invention also provides a kind of microwave signal generators, including previously described distributed amplitude modulation circuit.
The invention also provides a kind of distributed amplitude modulation approach, and attenuation is modulated list by multiple cascade amplitudes
Member is allocated, and each amplitude modulation unit includes amplitude modulator, driving circuit and amplifier, by adjusting each amplitude tune
The attenuation of amplitude modulator in unit processed changes microwave signal generator output power.
Optionally, the distributed amplitude modulation approach, comprising:
Determine entire signal link lowest noise bottom NG；
Determine input signal power Pin and corresponding noise floor NGin；
Overall gain G needed for determining signal path according to signal generator output power dynamic range Pd and maximum power Pmax
And overall attenuation ATT, wherein
G=Pmax-Pin
ATT=Pd
It is G1-Gn that amplitude modulation unit amplifier gains at different levels, which are arranged, and amplitude modulator attenuations at different levels are ATT1-
ATTn, amplitude modulation unit settings at different levels meet the following conditions:
G=G1+G2+ ...+Gn
ATT=ATT1+ATT2+ ...+ATTn
NGin+Gn-ATTn>NG+K
Wherein, K is margin value.
Optionally, the K=5~10dB.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) noise floor is improved using distributed amplitude modulation, the modulation of single-stage amplitude and rear end in existing scheme is multistage
Cascade amplifier carries out fractionation combination, forms the amplitude modulation unit being made of amplitude modulator, driver, amplifier, then by
Multiple amplitude modulation unit cascaded series are at distributed amplitude modulator circuit, can be by the case where signal source exports low power situation
Multilevel distributed amplitude modulator carries out suitable decaying, it can be achieved that compared with high s/n ratio to signal；
(2) deterioration raised with phase noise for avoiding noise floor, to improve signal quality.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the functional block diagram of a typical circuit of existing microwave signal generator；
Fig. 2 is a specific embodiment using the microwave signal generator of distributed amplitude modulation circuit of the invention
Functional block diagram；
Fig. 3 is the exemplary diagram of existing single-stage amplitude modulation circuit；
Fig. 4 is the functional block diagram of an alternative embodiment of the distributed amplitude modulation circuit of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The amplitude modulation circuit of existing microwave signal generator is all using single-stage amplitude modulator and rear end multistage grade
The form for joining amplifier realizes that in the biggish situation of output power dynamic range, noise floor can occur with output power signal
Variation is embodied in the case of small-power output, and noise in output signal bottom is raised, and phase noise deteriorates, signal output work
Rate dynamic range is bigger, and deterioration is more serious, which seriously affects microwave signal generator noise in output signal bottom and phase
Noise objective.
The invention proposes a kind of implementations of new amplitude modulation circuit will show using a kind of completely new framework
There are the single-stage amplitude modulator of amplitude modulation circuit and rear end multi-stage cascade amplifier to carry out fractionation combination, formation is modulated by amplitude
The amplitude modulation unit of device, driver, amplifier composition, then modulated by multiple amplitude modulation unit cascaded series at distributed amplitude
Circuit can carry out signal by multilevel distributed multiple amplitude modulators appropriate in the case where signal source exports low power situation
Decaying, it can be achieved that compared with high s/n ratio, the deterioration of noise floor raised with phase noise is avoided, to improve signal quality.
With reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification to distributed amplitude modulation circuit of the invention and in microwave signal generator
Specific embodiment be described in detail.
As shown in Fig. 2, present invention distribution amplitude modulation circuit includes multiple cascade amplitude modulation unit (2-4,2-
8 ... 2-9), each amplitude modulation unit includes amplitude modulator, driving circuit and amplifier, such as amplitude modulation unit 1
(2-4) includes amplitude modulator 2-1, driving circuit 2-2 and amplifier 2-3, and amplitude modulation unit 2 (2-8) includes amplitude modulation
Device 2-5, driving circuit 2-6 and amplifier 2-7 ... ..., amplitude modulation unit N (2-9) include amplitude modulator, driving circuit and
Amplifier changes microwave signal generator output work by adjusting the attenuation of amplitude modulator in each amplitude modulation unit
Rate, ALC loop repeat always more than dynamic regulation state, until detecting circuit is equal with reference voltage, i.e. signal output work
Rate is stablized when reaching predetermined power.
The attenuation of amplitude modulation unit and the gain of amplifier can be allocated and adjust according to specific requirements, will show
There is the even greater attenuation of single-stage amplitude modulator 50dB in scheme, is divided by distributed amplitude modulation circuit
Match, reduce single amplitude modulation unit attenuation, amplitude modulation unit attenuations at different levels are to reach deterioration critical point of signal to noise ratio
Preferably, the post-amplifier of amplitude modulator again amplifies signal and noise floor, it is possible to prevente effectively from signal-to-noise ratio severe exacerbation
It happens, in small-power output, noise floor and phase noise specifications can be improved.
Shown in Figure 2 is distributed amplitude modulation circuit of the invention in the microwave signal generator using ALC technology
In an alternative embodiment, which should not be used as limiting the scope of the invention, distributed amplitude of the invention
Modulation circuit is also applied in other circuit forms of microwave signal generator and other any required applies amplitude tune
In the circuit of system, to realize the function of amplitude information modulation.
Optionally, the setting of amplitude modulation units at different levels need to meet the following conditions:
NGin+Gn-ATTn>NG+K
Wherein, NG be entire signal link lowest noise bottom, such as room temperature (27 DEG C) ideally noise floor be-
174dBm/Hz, but part of devices, such as frequency divider, amplifier active device its noise floor may be higher；NGin is input
Signal power noise floor corresponding when being Pin；G1-Gn is amplitude modulation unit amplifier gains at different levels, and ATT1-ATTn is
Amplitude modulator attenuations at different levels；K is margin value, and each amplitude modulation unit stays one not deteriorate noise floor as principle
Determine surplus, K=5~10dB.
The distribution amplitude modulation circuit setting need to meet the following conditions:
G=G1+G2+ ...+Gn
ATT=ATT1+ATT2+ ...+ATTn
Wherein, G is overall gain needed for signal path, and ATT is overall attenuation needed for signal path,
G=Pmax-Pin
ATT=Pd
Wherein, Pd is signal generator output power dynamic range, and Pmax is signal generator Maximum Power Output.
The advantages of further illustrating the distributed amplitude modulation circuit combined with specific embodiments below.
Fig. 3 shows the example of existing single-stage amplitude modulation circuit.
In the example, by taking output power dynamic range 50dB as an example, output signal 3-5 maximum power is+30dBm, output
Signal 3-5 minimum power be -20dBm, it is assumed that input microwave signal 3-1 power be 0dBm, the signal noise bottom for -
150dBm/Hz, then unilateral phase noise distal end (frequency deviation 30MHz) is that -150dBc/Hz ignores amplitude in existing scheme
Modulator, directional coupler and channel insertion loss are ideally, it is ensured that the maximum power of output signal, multistage grade
Join amplifier 3-4 fixed gain and requires 30dB；When output power is -20dBm, amplitude modulator 3-2 need to reach maximum attenuation
50dB is measured, after 50dB decays, amplitude modulator output signal 3-3 watt level is -50dBm in Fig. 3, and noise floor is also therewith
Decay 50dB, and the noise that the noise absolute power in 1Hz bandwidth is -150dBm is decayed through 50dB, but ideally signal is made an uproar
Sound bottom is -174dBm/Hz (can actually be higher than -174dBm/Hz), and therefore, noise floor will not become -200dBm/Hz, and
It is -174dBm/Hz；Amplify 30dB using multi-stage cascade amplifier 3-4, noise floor also amplifies 30dB therewith, at this point, output
Signal 3-5 power is -20dBm, but noise floor becomes -144dBm/Hz, unilateral phase noise frequency deviation 30MHz phase noise
Deteriorating is -124dBc/Hz, and noise floor absolute power deteriorates 6dB, and phase noise deteriorates 26dB.
The reason of causing the above problem in Fig. 3 example be, due to the dynamic range to guarantee signal generator output power,
The amplitude modulator of single-stage carries out the decaying of big attenuation to signal amplitude, leads to the severe exacerbation of signal-to-noise ratio, causes noise
The deterioration of bottom and the deterioration of phase noise.
Therefore, to solve the above problems, the distributed amplitude modulation circuit that the present invention uses will the biggish attenuation of script
It is distributed in modulators at different levels and is decayed in right amount, can effectively avoid the deterioration of noise floor and phase noise.
Fig. 4 shows an alternative embodiment of the distributed amplitude modulation circuit.
In the alternative embodiment, according to the design condition of above-mentioned distributed amplitude modulation circuit and each amplitude modulation unit,
Distributed amplitude modulation circuit uses 2 grades of amplitude modulation units, is required with input/output signal identical with above-mentioned Fig. 3 example,
Output power dynamic range 50dB, output signal 4-9 maximum power are+30dBm, and output signal minimum power is -20dBm, false
If inputting microwave signal 4-1 power 0dBm, which is -150dBm/Hz, then unilateral phase noise distal end (frequency
Inclined 30MHz) it is -150dBc/Hz, amplitude modulation unit quantity is 2, i.e. amplitude modulation unit 1, amplitude modulation are single in Fig. 4
Member 2；Each amplitude modulation unit includes amplifier, amplitude modulator, driving circuit；1st grade of amplitude modulation unit amplifier 4-2
Gain is set as 15dB, and amplitude modulator 4-4 attenuation is set as 25dB；2nd grade of amplitude modulation unit amplifier 4-6 gain is set
It is set to 15dB, amplitude modulator 4-8 attenuation is set as 25dB；It see the table below 1 by each node signal and noise characteristic,
Table 1
| Node | 4-1 | 4-3 | 4-5 | 4-7 | 4-9 |
| Signal power | 0dBm | 15dBm | -10dBm | +5dBm | -20dBm |
| Noise floor | -150dBm/Hz | -135dBm/Hz | -160dBm/Hz | -145dBm/Hz | -170dBm/Hz |
| Phase noise | -150dBc/Hz | -150dBc/Hz | -150dBc/Hz | -150dBc/Hz | -150dBc/Hz |
From table 1 it follows that noise in output signal bottom is -170dBm/Hz, phase noise -150dBc/Hz, noise
Bottom and phase noise are without deterioration.
Above-described embodiment uses distributed amplitude modulation to improve noise floor, by single-stage amplitude modulation in existing scheme with after
End multi-stage cascade amplifier carries out fractionation combination, is formed and modulates list by the amplitude that amplitude modulator, driver, amplifier form
Member, then by multiple amplitude modulation unit cascaded series at distributed amplitude modulator circuit, low power situation is exported in signal source
Under, suitable decaying can be carried out, it can be achieved that compared with high s/n ratio to signal by multilevel distributed amplitude modulator, avoid noise floor
The deterioration raised with phase noise in portion, to improve signal quality.
The invention also provides a kind of microwave signal generator, which includes previously described distribution
Amplitude modulation circuit.
The invention also provides a kind of distributed amplitude modulation approach, and attenuation is modulated list by multiple cascade amplitudes
Member is allocated, and each amplitude modulation unit includes amplitude modulator, driving circuit and amplifier, by adjusting each amplitude tune
The attenuation of amplitude modulator in unit processed changes microwave signal generator output power.
The distribution amplitude modulation approach, specifically includes:
Determine entire signal link lowest noise bottom NG；
Determine input signal power Pin and corresponding noise floor NGin；
Overall gain G needed for determining signal path according to signal generator output power dynamic range Pd and maximum power Pmax
And overall attenuation ATT, wherein
G=Pmax-Pin
ATT=Pd
It is G1-Gn that amplitude modulation unit amplifier gains at different levels, which are arranged, and amplitude modulator attenuations at different levels are ATT1-
ATTn, amplitude modulation unit settings at different levels meet the following conditions:
G=G1+G2+ ...+Gn
ATT=ATT1+ATT2+ ...+ATTn
NGin+Gn-ATTn>NG+K
Wherein, K is margin value, K=5~10dB.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of distribution amplitude modulation circuit, is used for microwave signal generator, which is characterized in that including multiple cascade amplitudes
Modulation unit, each amplitude modulation unit include amplitude modulator, driving circuit and amplifier, are modulated by adjusting each amplitude
The attenuation of amplitude modulator in unit changes microwave signal generator output power.
2. circuit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the setting of amplitude modulation units at different levels meets the following conditions:
NGin+Gn-ATTn>NG+K
Wherein, NG is entire signal link lowest noise bottom；Noise floor corresponding when being Pin that NGin is input signal power
Portion；G1~Gn is amplitude modulation unit amplifier gains at different levels；ATT1~ATTn is amplitude modulator attenuations at different levels；K is remaining
Magnitude.
3. circuit as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the K=5~10dB.
4. circuit as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the distribution amplitude modulation circuit setting meets following item
Part:
G=G1+G2+ ...+Gn
ATT=ATT1+ATT2+ ...+ATTn
Wherein, G is overall gain needed for signal path, and ATT is overall attenuation needed for signal path,
G=Pmax-Pin
ATT=Pd
Wherein, Pd is signal generator output power dynamic range, and Pmax is signal generator Maximum Power Output.
5. a kind of microwave signal generator, which is characterized in that including the described in any item distributed amplitudes of such as Claims 1-4
Modulation circuit.
6. it is a kind of distribution amplitude modulation approach, which is characterized in that by attenuation by multiple cascade amplitude modulation units into
Row distribution, each amplitude modulation unit include amplitude modulator, driving circuit and amplifier, modulate list by adjusting each amplitude
The attenuation of amplitude modulator in member changes microwave signal generator output power.
7. a kind of distributed amplitude modulation approach as claimed in claim 6 characterized by comprising
Determine entire signal link lowest noise bottom NG；
Determine input signal power Pin and corresponding noise floor NGin；
Overall gain G needed for determining signal path according to signal generator output power dynamic range Pd and maximum power Pmax and total
Attenuation ATT, wherein
G=Pmax-Pin
ATT=Pd
It is G1-Gn that amplitude modulation unit amplifier gains at different levels, which are arranged, and amplitude modulator attenuations at different levels are ATT1-ATTn, respectively
Grade amplitude modulation unit setting meets the following conditions:
G=G1+G2+ ...+Gn
ATT=ATT1+ATT2+ ...+ATTn
NGin+Gn-ATTn>NG+K
Wherein, K is margin value.
8. a kind of distributed amplitude modulation approach as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the K=5~10dB.
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| CN1144422A (en) * | 1995-03-31 | 1997-03-05 | 株式会社日立制作所 | Output-controlled power amplifier, radio communication terminal and radio communication base station |
| CN1531792A (en) * | 2000-08-18 | 2004-09-22 | �����ɷ� | Gain control in Raman amplifiers |
| CN1774857A (en) * | 2003-02-20 | 2006-05-17 | 索尼爱立信移动通讯股份有限公司 | Efficient modulation of RF signals |
| CN102099999A (en) * | 2008-07-15 | 2011-06-15 | 日本电气株式会社 | Power amplifier, power amplifier nonlinear distortion correction method, and wireless communication device |
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