CN108964208B - Energy supply system for storage battery and control method thereof - Google Patents

Energy supply system for storage battery and control method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108964208B
CN108964208B CN201810962499.2A CN201810962499A CN108964208B CN 108964208 B CN108964208 B CN 108964208B CN 201810962499 A CN201810962499 A CN 201810962499A CN 108964208 B CN108964208 B CN 108964208B
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power
power supply
controller
storage batteries
conversion efficiency
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CN108964208A (en
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李艳昆
田庆
刘铭
姚正斌
韩庆军
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CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co Ltd
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CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/441Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/10Control circuit supply, e.g. means for supplying power to the control circuit
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The invention discloses a control method of a storage battery energy supply system, wherein the storage battery energy supply system comprises a power supply circuit connected with a traction motor, a plurality of storage batteries and a controller, each storage battery is connected to the power supply circuit through a DC/DC converter, and the control method comprises the following steps: the controller optimizes the storage battery power supply combination according to the total required power of the traction motor and the corresponding relation between the power of each DC/DC converter and the conversion efficiency, and improves the conversion efficiency of the energy supply system. In the invention, each storage battery is firstly cascaded with a bidirectional DC \ DC converter, and then a plurality of bidirectional DC \ DC outputs are connected in parallel and uniformly output to a direct current bus. When the system is in low-power operation, one or more groups of storage batteries can be closed, the conversion efficiency of the storage batteries of the rest working parts is improved, the efficiency of the whole system is improved, and energy is saved.

Description

Energy supply system for storage battery and control method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric power, in particular to a storage battery energy supply system and a control method thereof.
Background
The power battery of the current vehicle is composed of a plurality of battery modules in series-parallel connection, and is output to a direct current bus through DC/DC conversion. When the power is low, the DC/DC is always in a low-power working state, and the output efficiency is low. When a plurality of groups of storage batteries in the prior art are connected into a circuit, the DC/DC conversion efficiency is not taken into consideration. The prior art focuses mainly on the control of the switching in and out of the battery module and does not improve the overall energy conversion rate in terms of actively improving the output power of a single battery to improve the DC/DC conversion efficiency.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a control method of a storage battery energy supply system. When the system is in low-power operation, one or more groups of storage batteries can be closed, the conversion efficiency of the storage batteries of the rest working parts is improved, the efficiency of the whole system is improved, and energy is saved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the basic concept is as follows:
a control method of a storage battery energy supply system, the storage battery energy supply system comprises a power supply circuit connected with a traction motor, a plurality of storage batteries and a controller, and each storage battery is connected into the power supply circuit through a DC/DC converter respectively, the control method comprises the following steps: the controller optimizes the storage battery power supply combination according to the total required power of the traction motor and the corresponding relation between the power of each DC/DC converter and the conversion efficiency, and improves the conversion efficiency of the energy supply system.
In the above-described scheme, the DC/DC conversion efficiency is taken into consideration. The overall energy conversion rate is improved by actively changing the output power of a single storage battery to improve the DC/DC conversion efficiency.
Preferably, the energy supply system includes N groups of storage batteries, and the controller calculates total conversion efficiency of the energy supply system corresponding to the different numbers of storage batteries respectively, so as to determine the number of the storage batteries corresponding to the highest total conversion efficiency of the energy supply system, wherein the total required power is divided by the storage batteries connected to the energy supply circuit.
In the above scheme, each storage battery accessed to the power supply circuit is divided into total required power, the control mode is simple and suitable for popularization, and the number of the storage battery packs of the functional system is not too many, so that the process is simple and practical for calculating the total conversion efficiency corresponding to the storage batteries with different numbers accessed to the power supply circuit respectively, and the data processing speed can meet the actual requirement.
Preferably, the controller distributes the power output by each storage battery connected to the power supply circuit according to the total required power of the traction motor and the corresponding relation between the power of each DC/DC converter and the conversion efficiency, so as to improve the overall conversion efficiency of the energy supply system.
In the above-described configuration, since the main factor affecting the conversion efficiency of the DC/DC converter is the power output from the storage battery, the effect of improving the overall conversion efficiency of the functional system can be achieved by distributing the power output from each storage battery.
Preferably, the controller determines the number of the storage batteries connected to the power supply circuit, and then distributes the power output by each storage battery respectively;
preferably, the controller stores a correspondence between the power of the DC/DC converter and the conversion efficiency, and the method of determining the number of storage batteries connected to the power supply circuit includes: and the controller selects the power corresponding to the highest conversion efficiency according to the corresponding relation, divides the total required power by the selected power, if the divided calculation result is an integer, the integer is the number of the storage batteries needing to be accessed to the power supply circuit, otherwise, determines the closest integer value M according to the calculation result, and the integer value M is the number of the storage batteries needing to be accessed to the power supply circuit.
In the above scheme, the controller stores a power-efficiency curve of the DC/DC converter, the power being a curve with abscissa and the efficiency being a curve with ordinate. Moreover, the number of the storage batteries connected into the power supply circuit and the output power of each storage battery are adjusted simultaneously, so that the power supply combination with the highest energy supply system conversion efficiency can be obtained.
Preferably, the controller preferentially allocates the power output by part of the storage batteries as the power corresponding to the highest conversion efficiency of the DC/DC converter, and allocates the power output by the rest storage batteries as the rest power of the total required power;
in the scheme, the power corresponding to the highest conversion efficiency of the DC/DC converter is output by part of the storage batteries, and then the residual total required power which cannot be output by the power corresponding to the highest conversion efficiency of the DC/DC converter is distributed to one or more storage batteries, so that the highest conversion efficiency of the energy supply system is realized on the whole.
Preferably, the power distributed by the controller to the output of the M-1 groups of storage batteries is the power corresponding to the highest conversion efficiency of the DC/DC converter, and the power distributed to the output of the remaining 1 groups of storage batteries is the remaining power of the total required power.
In the above scheme, considering that the power-efficiency curve of the DC/DC converter is an arc line which rises first and then falls, the surplus power of the total required power is distributed to one storage battery, and in the whole system, only the one storage battery is not output with the power with the highest conversion efficiency, but the conversion efficiency of the whole system is high, and the control process is easier as well.
Preferably, the controller judges whether the total storage battery quantity of the energy supply system is greater than M, if so, the storage batteries of M groups are selected from the total storage battery to be connected into the power supply circuit, otherwise, the storage batteries of all the energy supply systems are controlled to be connected into the power supply circuit.
In the above scheme, when all the batteries in the energy supply system output power with the highest corresponding power of the corresponding DC/DC conversion efficiency, the total power required cannot be achieved, then all the batteries are directly controlled to be connected to the power supply circuit and the total required power is equally divided, so that the conversion efficiency of the whole energy supply system can be improved.
Preferably, when the number of the storage batteries required to be connected into the power supply circuit is less than the total number of the storage batteries of the storage battery energy supply system, the controller preferentially selects the storage battery with large voltage or electric energy storage amount to be connected into the power supply circuit.
In the scheme, when the number of the storage batteries needing to be connected into the power supply circuit is smaller than the total number of the storage batteries, which is obtained through calculation, the controller preferentially selects the storage battery with large voltage or electric energy storage capacity to be connected into the power supply circuit, so that the balance of the electric energy storage capacity of each storage battery in the whole system is ensured, and the stable operation of the system is facilitated.
Preferably, the storage battery energy supply system comprises different types of DC/DC converters, the power of each DC/DC converter has different corresponding relations with the conversion efficiency, and the controller determines the number of storage batteries connected to the power supply circuit and the power output by each storage battery according to the corresponding relations between the power of each DC/DC converter and the conversion efficiency.
Preferably, the controller sequentially distributes the storage batteries to output the power corresponding to the highest conversion efficiency of the corresponding DC/DC converters according to the sequence of the electric energy storage amount of each storage battery in the energy supply system from large to small until the total required power is distributed.
In the scheme, the controller controls the priority of the storage batteries connected to the power supply circuit according to the storage amount of each storage battery, so that the controller can distribute tasks orderly and reasonably no matter whether the DC/DC converters are the same or not.
The invention also aims to provide a storage battery energy supply system adopting the control method, which comprises a power supply circuit connected with a traction motor, a plurality of storage batteries and a controller, wherein each storage battery is respectively connected with a DC/DC to form a power supply branch, each branch is respectively connected with the power supply circuit, each branch is provided with a switch, each switch is respectively and electrically connected with the controller, and the controller controls different switches to be switched on/off and/or controls different storage batteries to output different powers according to the total required power of the traction motor and the corresponding relation between the power of each DC/DC converter and the conversion efficiency so as to improve the conversion efficiency of the energy supply system.
After adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a control method of a storage battery energy supply system, wherein the storage battery energy supply system comprises a power supply circuit connected with a traction motor, a plurality of storage batteries and a controller, and each storage battery is connected to the power supply circuit through a DC/DC converter respectively, and the control method comprises the following steps: the controller optimizes the storage battery power supply combination according to the total required power of the traction motor and the corresponding relation between the power of each DC/DC converter and the conversion efficiency, and improves the conversion efficiency of the energy supply system. In the invention, each storage battery is firstly cascaded with the bidirectional DC/DC converter, and then a plurality of bidirectional DC/DC outputs are connected in parallel and uniformly output to the direct current bus. When the system is in low-power operation, one or more groups of storage batteries can be closed, the conversion efficiency of the storage batteries of the rest working parts is improved, the efficiency of the whole system is improved, and energy is saved.
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention to its proper form. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery power system of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a power-efficiency curve of a DC/DC converter.
It should be noted that the drawings and the description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concept in any way, but to illustrate it by a person skilled in the art with reference to specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and the following embodiments are used for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, in one embodiment, a control method for a battery energy supply system is provided, where the battery energy supply system includes a power supply circuit connected to a traction motor, a plurality of batteries, and a controller, and each battery is connected to the power supply circuit through a DC/DC converter, and the control method includes: the controller optimizes the storage battery power supply combination according to the total required power of the traction motor and the corresponding relation between the power of each DC/DC converter and the conversion efficiency, and improves the conversion efficiency of the energy supply system.
In the above-described scheme, the DC/DC conversion efficiency is taken into consideration. The overall energy conversion rate is improved by actively changing the output power of a single storage battery to improve the DC/DC conversion efficiency.
For example: referring to FIG. 1, the energy supply system has four batteries in series with a DC/DC converter, assuming a maximum power of 100KW per battery, which together provides 400KW of power to the traction motor. If the traction motor runs at low power and only needs 100KW of power, each group of the four groups is 25KW, the efficiency of a DC/DC converter is low at 25KW according to an efficiency-power curve of the DC/DC converter, two DC/DC converters are closed, each group of the remaining two groups of DC/DC converters is 50KW, and the efficiency of the DC/DC converter is improved at the moment.
Preferably, the energy supply system includes N groups of storage batteries, and the controller calculates total conversion efficiency of the energy supply system corresponding to the different numbers of storage batteries respectively, so as to determine the number of the storage batteries corresponding to the highest total conversion efficiency of the energy supply system, wherein the total required power is divided by the storage batteries connected to the energy supply circuit.
In the above scheme, each storage battery accessed to the power supply circuit is divided into total required power, the control mode is simple and suitable for popularization, and the number of the storage battery packs of the functional system is not too many, so that the process is simple and practical for calculating the total conversion efficiency corresponding to the storage batteries with different numbers accessed to the power supply circuit respectively, and the data processing speed can meet the actual requirement.
Preferably, the controller distributes the power output by each storage battery connected to the power supply circuit according to the total required power of the traction motor and the corresponding relation between the power of each DC/DC converter and the conversion efficiency, so as to improve the overall conversion efficiency of the energy supply system.
In the above-described configuration, since the main factor affecting the conversion efficiency of the DC/DC converter is the power output from the storage battery, the effect of improving the overall conversion efficiency of the functional system can be achieved by distributing the power output from each storage battery.
Preferably, the controller determines the number of the storage batteries connected to the power supply circuit, and then distributes the power output by each storage battery respectively;
preferably, the controller stores a correspondence between the power of the DC/DC converter and the conversion efficiency, and the method of determining the number of storage batteries connected to the power supply circuit includes: and the controller selects the power corresponding to the highest conversion efficiency according to the corresponding relation, divides the total required power by the selected power, if the divided calculation result is an integer, the integer is the number of the storage batteries needing to be accessed to the power supply circuit, otherwise, determines the closest integer value M according to the calculation result, and the integer value M is the number of the storage batteries needing to be accessed to the power supply circuit.
In the above scheme, referring to fig. 2, the controller stores a power-efficiency curve of the DC/DC converter, which is plotted with power as abscissa and efficiency as ordinate. Moreover, the number of the storage batteries connected into the power supply circuit and the output power of each storage battery are adjusted simultaneously, so that the power supply combination with the highest energy supply system conversion efficiency can be obtained.
Preferably, the controller preferentially allocates the power output by part of the storage batteries as the power corresponding to the highest conversion efficiency of the DC/DC converter, and allocates the power output by the rest storage batteries as the rest power of the total required power;
in the scheme, the power corresponding to the highest conversion efficiency of the DC/DC converter is output by part of the storage batteries, and then the residual total required power which cannot be output by the power corresponding to the highest conversion efficiency of the DC/DC converter is distributed to one or more storage batteries, so that the highest conversion efficiency of the energy supply system is realized on the whole.
Preferably, the power distributed by the controller to the output of the M-1 groups of storage batteries is the power corresponding to the highest conversion efficiency of the DC/DC converter, and the power distributed to the output of the remaining 1 groups of storage batteries is the remaining power of the total required power.
In the above scheme, considering that the power-efficiency curve of the DC/DC converter is an arc line which rises first and then falls, the surplus power of the total required power is distributed to one storage battery, and in the whole system, only the one storage battery is not output with the power with the highest conversion efficiency, but the conversion efficiency of the whole system is high, and the control process is easier as well.
Preferably, the controller judges whether the total storage battery quantity of the energy supply system is greater than M, if so, the storage batteries of M groups are selected from the total storage battery to be connected into the power supply circuit, otherwise, the storage batteries of all the energy supply systems are controlled to be connected into the power supply circuit.
In the above scheme, when all the batteries in the energy supply system output power with the highest corresponding power of the corresponding DC/DC conversion efficiency, the total power required cannot be achieved, then all the batteries are directly controlled to be connected to the power supply circuit and the total required power is equally divided, so that the conversion efficiency of the whole energy supply system can be improved.
Preferably, when the number of the storage batteries required to be connected into the power supply circuit is less than the total number of the storage batteries of the storage battery energy supply system, the controller preferentially selects the storage battery with large voltage or electric energy storage amount to be connected into the power supply circuit.
In the scheme, when the number of the storage batteries needing to be connected into the power supply circuit is smaller than the total number of the storage batteries, which is obtained through calculation, the controller preferentially selects the storage battery with large voltage or electric energy storage capacity to be connected into the power supply circuit, so that the balance of the electric energy storage capacity of each storage battery in the whole system is ensured, and the stable operation of the system is facilitated.
Preferably, the storage battery energy supply system comprises different types of DC/DC converters, the power of each DC/DC converter has different corresponding relations with the conversion efficiency, and the controller determines the number of storage batteries connected to the power supply circuit and the power output by each storage battery according to the corresponding relations between the power of each DC/DC converter and the conversion efficiency.
Preferably, the controller sequentially distributes the storage batteries to output the power corresponding to the highest conversion efficiency of the corresponding DC/DC converters according to the sequence of the electric energy storage amount of each storage battery in the energy supply system from large to small until the total required power is distributed.
In the scheme, the controller controls the priority of the storage batteries connected to the power supply circuit according to the storage amount of each storage battery, so that the controller can distribute tasks orderly and reasonably no matter whether the DC/DC converters are the same or not.
Example two
In this embodiment, the battery function system includes a database storing corresponding relations between different total required power and battery power supply combinations, the accumulator power supply combination comprises the number of the accumulators connected into the power supply circuit and the power output by each accumulator, therefore, in actual operation, the controller can directly call the result from the database according to the total required power without data processing, the control process is simpler and faster, the total required power, the corresponding number of the power supply circuits required to be accessed and the output power of each storage battery are stored in the database, the storage batteries required to be accessed into the power supply circuits can be reasonably selected by the controller according to the number, for example, the storage batteries with large electric energy storage capacity are preferentially connected to the power supply circuit, so that the electric energy storage capacity balance of each storage battery is ensured.
Furthermore, the data source in the database may be a plurality of groups of data determined by pre-calculation, or during historical work, the controller stores and accumulates data of the combination of the total required power and the actual battery power supply in each work in the database, because the repeatability of the total required power is higher or the probability that the total required power is close to the actual power is high during the actual work, the practicability of the database established by actual parameters in the historical work is higher. And when the actual required power is close to the historical required power in the database, simply adjusting the power output by part of the storage batteries by referring to the storage battery power supply combination.
EXAMPLE III
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a storage battery energy supply system using the control method in the first or second embodiment, including a power supply circuit connected to the traction motor, a plurality of storage batteries and a controller, where each storage battery is connected to a DC/DC to form a power supply branch, each branch is connected to the power supply circuit, each branch is provided with a switch, each switch is electrically connected to the controller, and the controller controls different switches to be turned on/off and/or controls different storage batteries to output different powers according to a corresponding relationship between total required power of the traction motor and power and conversion efficiency of each DC/DC converter, so as to improve conversion efficiency of the energy supply system.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. The control method of the storage battery energy supply system is characterized in that the storage battery energy supply system comprises a power supply circuit connected with a traction motor, a plurality of storage batteries and a controller, wherein each storage battery is respectively connected with a DC/DC converter to form a power supply branch, each branch is respectively connected with the power supply circuit, each branch is provided with a switch, each switch is respectively and electrically connected with the controller, and the control method comprises the following steps: the controller optimizes the power supply combination of the storage battery according to the total required power of the traction motor and the corresponding relation between the power of each DC/DC converter and the conversion efficiency, and improves the conversion efficiency of the energy supply system;
the controller firstly determines the number of storage batteries connected to the power supply circuit and then respectively distributes the output power of each storage battery;
the controller stores the corresponding relation between the power of the DC/DC converter and the conversion efficiency, and the method for determining the number of the storage batteries connected to the power supply circuit comprises the following steps: the controller selects the power corresponding to the highest conversion efficiency according to the corresponding relation, and divides the total required power and the selected power, if the divided calculation result is an integer, the integer is the number of storage batteries needing to be accessed to the power supply circuit, otherwise, the closest integer value M is determined according to the calculation result, and the integer value M is the number of the storage batteries needing to be accessed to the power supply circuit;
the controller preferentially allocates the power output by a part of storage batteries as the power corresponding to the highest conversion efficiency of the DC/DC converter, and allocates the power output by the rest storage batteries as the rest power of the total required power.
2. The control method of the storage battery energy supply system according to claim 1, wherein the controller allocates the output power of the M-1 groups of storage batteries to the power corresponding to the highest conversion efficiency of the DC/DC converter, and allocates the output power of the remaining 1 groups of storage batteries to the remaining power of the total required power.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the controller determines whether the total number of the storage batteries of the energy supply system is greater than M, if so, M groups of storage batteries are selected from the total storage batteries to be connected to the power supply circuit, otherwise, all the storage batteries of the energy supply system are controlled to be connected to the power supply circuit.
4. A method for controlling a battery operated power system according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the controller prioritises the connection of batteries having a high voltage or energy storage capacity to said power supply circuit when the number of batteries to be connected to the power supply circuit is less than the total number of batteries of the battery operated power system.
5. A storage battery energy supply system adopting the control method of any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized by comprising a power supply circuit connected with a traction motor, a plurality of storage batteries and a controller, wherein each storage battery is respectively connected with a DC/DC converter to form a power supply branch, each branch is respectively connected with the power supply circuit, each branch is provided with a switch, each switch is respectively and electrically connected with the controller, and the controller controls the on/off of different switches according to the total required power of the traction motor and the corresponding relation between the power of each DC/DC converter and the conversion efficiency, so as to optimize the power supply combination of the storage batteries and improve the conversion efficiency of the energy supply system.
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