CN108963399B - Novel tunable high-power cavity filter - Google Patents
Novel tunable high-power cavity filter Download PDFInfo
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- CN108963399B CN108963399B CN201810672760.5A CN201810672760A CN108963399B CN 108963399 B CN108963399 B CN 108963399B CN 201810672760 A CN201810672760 A CN 201810672760A CN 108963399 B CN108963399 B CN 108963399B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
- H01P1/207—Hollow waveguide filters
- H01P1/208—Cascaded cavities; Cascaded resonators inside a hollow waveguide structure
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel tunable high-power cavity filter. The metal body of the filter is provided with an input port and an output port; the internal cavity of the metal body of the filter is divided into a plurality of resonant cavities by a plurality of vertically arranged metal walls, and the filtering tuning assembly comprises a tuning container, a liquid medium injector and a liquid conductive medium; the tuning container is arranged at the bottom in the resonant cavity, a liquid conductive medium is stored in the tuning container, the bottom end of the tuning container is communicated with the storage container outside the metal body of the filter, and the top end of the tuning container penetrates out of the resonant cavity and is communicated with the liquid medium injector outside the metal body of the filter. The cavity filter can continuously and accurately adjust the working bandwidth in real time when the cavity filter works at high power, can avoid the gap discharge problem caused by the real-time adjustment of the traditional solid tuning screw at high power, and has the characteristics of simple structure and convenience in debugging.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cavity filter in the field of communication, in particular to a novel tunable high-power cavity filter.
Background
Filters are widely used as frequency selection devices as important components of communication circuit systems. In a low-frequency circuit system, a filter is mainly designed by means of lumped devices such as capacitors, inductors, resistors and the like; with the rapid development of communication science, the requirement of communication frequency is higher and higher, and microstrip devices are often used in communication systems, and have the advantages of small volume, light weight, wide use frequency band, high reliability, low manufacturing cost and the like. In recent years, high-power communication systems are gradually paid more attention, and the high-power communication systems are suitable for high-power electromagnetic transmission processes due to low loss in waveguides and large power capacity. One application of waveguides is cavity filters for selecting communication signals.
The cavity filter adopts a cavity structure, the metal wall for separating the resonant cavities can be equivalent to a capacitor, the harmonic oscillator in each resonant cavity can be equivalent to a capacitor which is connected with an inductor in series and grounded, and the filter is formed by cascading. The resonance frequency of the filter is changed by changing the working state of the harmonic oscillator. Generally, a method of using a solid conductive medium such as a tuning screw is adopted, and the filtering frequency is adjusted by controlling the insertion length of the tuning screw. The method of controlling the insertion length of the tuning screw to adjust the filtering frequency is easy to implement, but there are two following problems when working at high power: firstly, because the shape of the tuning screw is fixed, the input and output impedance is changed when the insertion length of the tuning screw is controlled, the matching performance is reduced, and the power gain is reduced; secondly, if the adjustable metal screw structure is adopted during working, a fine gap is inevitably formed between the contact surfaces of the screw and the metal cavity, and when the filter works under high power, gas discharge or vacuum discharge is easy to occur, signals cannot be transmitted, and the filter fails.
With the development of the technology, the wireless communication power requirement is greater and greater, the application of the radio frequency filter under high power is also greater and greater, and how to design the radio frequency filter with wide tuning bandwidth, stable power gain and high power resistance is a problem to be solved urgently in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel tunable high-power cavity filter, which aims to solve the technical problems that the tunable filter has good impedance matching under different filtering frequencies, and meanwhile, the filter can continuously work under high power and avoid gas discharge or vacuum discharge.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows:
the filter comprises a filter metal body and a plurality of filter tuning components, wherein an input port and an output port are respectively arranged at two ends of the filter metal body and are respectively connected to the outer walls of the two ends of the filter metal body; the filter metal body is internally provided with a cavity, the cavity inside the filter metal body between the input port and the output port is divided into a plurality of resonant cavities by a plurality of vertically arranged metal walls, and the metal walls are arranged at the bottom of the cavity inside the filter metal body and are not connected to the top of the cavity inside the filter metal body; a filter tuning assembly is arranged in each resonant cavity, and each filter tuning assembly comprises a tuning container, a liquid medium injector and a liquid conductive medium; the tuning container is arranged at the bottom in the resonant cavity, a liquid conductive medium is stored in the tuning container, the bottom end of the tuning container is communicated with the storage container outside the metal body of the filter, and the top end of the tuning container penetrates out of the resonant cavity and is communicated with the liquid medium injector outside the metal body of the filter.
The electric signal is input from the input port, is output from the output port after passing through the metal body of the filter, and is filtered by adjusting the frequency of the filter tuning component when passing through the metal body of the filter, specifically, the filtering frequency of the electric signal when passing through is adjusted by adjusting the liquid level of the liquid conductive medium in the filter tuning component and the capacity of the liquid conductive medium filled tuning container.
The two side ends of the metal wall extend and are connected to the inner walls of the two sides of the internal cavity of the metal body of the filter respectively, the bottom end of the metal wall is connected to the bottom surface of the internal cavity of the metal body of the filter, and the top end of the metal wall is not connected to the top surface of the internal cavity of the metal body of the filter.
The tuning container is mainly formed by sequentially connecting and communicating a plurality of hollow containers with different shapes or sizes, and has the effects of optimizing the matching performance under different filtering frequencies and improving the power gain; the hollow container of the tuning container is filled with a liquid conductive medium, and air is arranged above the liquid level of the liquid conductive medium to serve as an insulating space.
The containers with different shapes or sizes can be insulated hollow cylindrical containers with different radiuses and coaxially connected and communicated, and the matching performance of the filter can be improved when the frequency changes by designing different container shapes.
The liquid conductive medium acts as an electric tuning effect and influences electromagnetic resonance parameters in the filter cavity in the tuning container. The liquid conductive medium is liquid metal or solution with good conductivity.
And the top of the filter metal body above the resonant cavity is provided with a top through hole, and the top end of the tuning container is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the liquid medium injector.
And a bottom through hole is formed in the bottom of the filter metal body below the resonant cavity, and the bottom end of the tuning container is communicated with a circulation port formed in the bottom end of the storage container.
The upper end of the storage container is opened, the inner cavity is provided with a piston, and the piston moves up and down in the inner cavity of the storage container.
The liquid medium injector is connected with the motor, the liquid medium injector is driven by the motor to drive the piston end of the liquid medium injector to move, the motor rotates to move axially, and the liquid medium injector and the tuning container inject or extract the liquid conductive medium stored in the tuning container through the top through hole level, so that the liquid level height of the liquid conductive medium is adjusted.
The filter can realize the adjustment of the working frequency under the high-power working condition of the traditional cavity filter.
The high power refers to a power range of dozens of watts to hundreds of watts.
The invention can adjust the height of liquid in the tuning container to adjust the filtering frequency by changing the height of the injector piston, and can improve the matching performance of the filter when the frequency changes by optimizing the container shape at different liquid levels.
The harmonic oscillator of the adjustable cavity filter is a tuning container and a liquid conductive medium, wherein the tuning container is composed of a plurality of coaxial insulating hollow cylinders with different radiuses and used for containing the liquid conductive medium, and the liquid conductive medium is liquid metal or solution with good conductivity. One resonant cavity can be equivalent to an inductor parallel capacitor to form a resonant stage, so that a filtering effect is achieved.
The shape of the tuning container can be specifically designed according to the function of the filter, and the height of the liquid level of the conductive medium is adjusted to be equivalent to the change of the inductance and capacitance values corresponding to the harmonic oscillator, so that the input and output impedance is changed, and the matching performance is influenced; the irregular shape of the tuning container is designed to compensate the input and output impedance changed after the liquid level is adjusted, so that the matching performance of the filter is optimized, and the power gain is improved. Under the high-power working condition, no gap exists between the liquid conductive medium and the wall of the tuning container, no gas or vacuum exists between the contact surfaces, no charge accumulation is generated, gas discharge or vacuum discharge is avoided, and power loss is reduced.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention improves the harmonic oscillator of the existing tunable cavity filter, optimizes the matching performance under different filtering frequencies, and ensures that the filter can adjust the frequency when working at high power so as to have stable power gain. Meanwhile, the situation that the filter fails due to discharging caused by frequency adjustment under the high-power condition is avoided, and the effect and stability of high-power transmission are further improved.
The invention can continuously and accurately adjust the working bandwidth in real time when the cavity filter works at high power, correct the deviation of working frequency caused by temperature and shape change through dynamic adjustment, and simultaneously can avoid the problem of gap discharge caused by real-time adjustment of the traditional solid tuning screw under high power.
The invention has the characteristics of simple structure and convenient debugging, and can be widely applied to a high-power radio frequency communication system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a chamber and an apparatus outside the chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a partially enlarged structure of the filter tuning assembly located in the middle of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of S-parameter simulation using a solid conductive medium.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of S-parameter simulation of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the filter comprises a filter metal body, a resonant cavity, a tuning container, a liquid medium injector, a liquid conducting medium, a metal wall, a top through hole, a bottom through hole, a motor, a storage container, an insulating space, an input port and an output port, wherein the filter metal body comprises 2, the resonant cavity comprises 3, the tuning container comprises 4, the liquid medium injector comprises 5, the liquid conducting medium comprises 6, the metal wall comprises 7, the top through hole comprises 8, the bottom through hole comprises.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the specific implementation of the present invention includes a filter metal body 1 and a plurality of filter tuning components, wherein an input port 12 and an output port 13 are respectively disposed at two ends of the filter metal body 1, and the input port 12 and the output port 13 are respectively connected to outer walls at two ends of the filter metal body 1; the filter metal body 1 is internally provided with a cavity, the cavity inside the filter metal body 1 between the input port 12 and the output port 13 is divided into a plurality of resonant cavities 2 by a plurality of metal walls 6 which are not completely separated and vertically arranged, and the metal walls 6 are arranged at the bottom of the cavity inside the filter metal body 1 and are not connected to the top of the cavity inside the filter metal body 1; two side ends of the metal wall 6 extend and are connected to inner walls on two sides of the inner cavity of the filter metal body 1 respectively, the bottom end of the metal wall 6 is connected to the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the filter metal body 1, and the top end of the metal wall 6 is not connected to the top surface of the inner cavity of the filter metal body 1.
As shown in fig. 2, one filter tuning assembly is disposed in each resonator cavity 2, each filter tuning assembly comprising a tuning vessel 3, a liquid medium injector 4 and a liquid conductive medium 5; the tuning container 3 is placed at the bottom in the resonant cavity 2, a liquid conductive medium 5 is stored in the tuning container 3, the bottom end of the tuning container 3 is communicated with a storage container 10 outside the filter metal body 1, the liquid conductive medium 5 is communicated between the bottom of the tuning container 3 and the bottom of the storage container 10, and the top end of the tuning container 3 penetrates through the resonant cavity 2 and then is communicated with a liquid medium injector 4 outside the filter metal body 1.
As shown in fig. 2, the tuning container 3 is mainly formed by sequentially connecting and communicating a plurality of hollow containers with different shapes or sizes, and has the effects of optimizing matching performance under different filtering frequencies and improving power gain; the tuning vessel 3 is filled with a liquid conducting medium 5 in a hollow vessel, and air is present as an insulating space 11 above the liquid surface of the liquid conducting medium 5.
The embodied liquid conducting medium 5 is a metallic liquid gallium indium tin alloy.
The top of the filter metal body 1 above the resonant cavity 2 is provided with a top through hole 7, and the top end of the tuning container 3 is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the liquid medium injector 4 through a guide pipe. The top through hole 7 is connected up to the liquid medium injector 4 and down to the tuning vessel 3.
The bottom of the filter metal body 1 below the resonant cavity 2 is provided with a bottom through hole 8, and the bottom end of the tuning container 3 is communicated with a flow port arranged at the bottom end of the storage container 10 through a guide pipe. The bottom through hole 8 is connected upwards to the tuning vessel 3 and downwards via a conduit to a gas-tight storage vessel 10 with a movable piston.
The upper end of the storage container 10 is opened, a piston is arranged in the inner cavity, and the piston moves up and down in the inner cavity of the storage container 10.
As shown in fig. 2, the upper end of the liquid medium injector 4 is connected with the motor 9, the liquid medium injector 4 is driven by the motor 9 to drive the piston end of the liquid medium injector 4 to move, the rotation of the motor 9 is converted into axial movement, and the liquid medium injector 4 and the tuning container 3 inject or extract the liquid conductive medium 5 stored in the tuning container 3 through the top through hole 7, so as to adjust the height of the liquid level of the liquid conductive medium 5. From the storage container 10 into the tuning container 3, the liquid medium injector 4 is used for extraction, and from the tuning container 3 into the storage container 10, the liquid medium injector 4 is used for injection. The liquid level of the liquid conductive medium 5 is adjusted, and the filtering frequency of the filter is adjusted.
An example of the tunable high-power cavity filter implemented by the invention is shown in fig. 1, wherein a metal body 1 of the filter is 120mm long, 80mm wide, 40mm high and 3mm thick, a cavity space inside the metal body 1 of the filter is divided into a plurality of resonant cavities 2 by a plurality of metal walls 6, and the metal walls 6 are 80mm wide, 15mm high and 3mm thick. The filter metal body 1 and the metal wall 6 are made of copper. The top of the filter metal body 1 is provided with a top through hole 7 which is directed to the inside of the resonant cavity 2, and the diameter of the top through hole 7 is 4 mm. The top through hole 7 is connected upwards to the liquid medium injector 4, the diameter of the liquid medium injector 4 is 4mm, and the liquid medium injector 4 is made of plastic. The push-pull of the liquid medium injector 4 is controlled by a motor 9. The bottom of the filter metal body 1 is provided with a bottom through hole 8 which is directed to the inside of the resonant cavity 2, and the diameter of the bottom through hole 8 is 4 mm. The bottom through hole 8 is connected downwards via a conduit to a storage container 10 which is gas-tight and has a movable piston, the conduit diameter of the storage container 10 being 4 mm.
Fig. 2 shows an example of a resonant cavity 2 according to the present invention, the uppermost portion of the resonant cavity 2 is connected to a top through hole 7, the top through hole 7 is connected to a tuning container 3 at the bottom of the resonant cavity 2, and the tuning container 3 is made of plastic. The tuning container 3 consists of 4 coaxial insulating hollow cylinders with different radiuses, the thickness of each cylinder is 1mm, the uppermost cylinder is an air guide channel and is connected with a top through hole 7, the height of each cylinder is 8mm, and the diameter of each cylinder is 4 mm; the second cylinder is 10mm high and 8mm in diameter; the third cylinder is 9mm high and 4mm in diameter; the fourth cylinder is 10mm high and 8mm in diameter. The bottom of the tuning container 3 is provided with a circular port with a diameter of 4 mm. The tuning container 3 is filled with a liquid conductive medium 5, the liquid conductive medium 5 is made of gallium indium tin alloy, and the material is characterized by low melting point which is-19 ℃, is liquid at room temperature and works as metal liquid, and has good conductivity which is 3.46 multiplied by 10^ 6S/m. An insulating space 11 is present above the liquid level of the liquid conductive medium 5 in the tuning vessel 3. The lowest part of the resonant cavity 2 is provided with a bottom through hole 8, and the bottom through hole 8 is upwards connected with the bottom of the tuning container 3.
The height of the piston of the liquid medium injector 4 is controlled by adjusting the working state of the motor 9, the liquid medium injector 4 is communicated with the tuning container 3 through the top through hole 7, the storage container 10 is communicated with the tuning container 3 through the bottom through hole 8, and the push-pull of the piston of the liquid medium injector 4 can extract the liquid conductive medium 5 from the storage container 10 into the tuning container 3 or push the liquid conductive medium 5 from the tuning container 3 back into the storage container 10, so that the liquid level height of the liquid conductive medium 5 in the tuning container 3 is determined, and the equivalent inductance and capacitance value of the harmonic oscillator is changed to change the filtering frequency of the cavity filter. By designing the tuning containers 3 with different shapes, the equivalent inductance and capacitance values of the harmonic oscillator after being changed are compensated, so that the power gain is improved. By using the liquid conductive medium 5, no gap exists between medium contact surfaces, the situation of charge accumulation under high power does not exist, gas discharge and vacuum discharge are avoided, the loss of electromagnetic power transmitted in the medium is reduced, and the power gain of the filter is also improved.
The tunable high-power cavity filter in the embodiment has a remarkable effect. Fig. 3 is a simulation diagram of the S-parameter of the filter when a solid conductive medium is used, fig. 4 is a simulation diagram of the S-parameter of the filter when a liquid conductive medium is used, and the five-branched curves in fig. 3 and 4 represent the S-parameter curves of the filter at five different filter frequencies. The power gain in the pass band corresponding to the maximum value of the curve in fig. 3 is different, which indicates that the matching condition is affected when the filtering frequency is changed and the power gain is unstable; the power gain in the pass band corresponding to the maximum of the curve in fig. 4 is substantially the same. This shows that after using a liquid conducting medium, the matching situation is optimized and the power gain is higher when tuned to some of the same filter frequencies: simulations show that the solid conductive medium scheme and the liquid conductive medium scheme have close power gain at filter passband frequencies of 1.62GHz-1.83 GHz; but the insertion length of the solid conductive medium and the liquid level height of the liquid conductive medium are respectively adjusted, so that when the pass band frequency of the filter is between 1.32GHz and 1.53GHz, the power gain of the liquid conductive medium scheme is 1.8dB higher than that of the solid conductive medium scheme; similarly, when the pass band frequency is between 1.92GHz and 2.13GHz, the power gain is improved by 2.6 dB; when the passband frequency is between 1.02GHz and 1.22GHz, the power gain is improved by 4.5 dB; when the pass band frequency is between 2.23GHz and 2.43GHz, the power gain is improved by 4.6 dB. Fig. 4 shows that the pass band power gain is significantly larger than the pass band power gain expressed by the S parameter curve in fig. 3, which illustrates that the scheme of the liquid conductive medium achieves the purpose of optimizing matching and improving power gain.
The embodiment has a good matching effect for the working center frequency of the filter to be 0.8GHz-3.0GHz, and if the filter is to work at other frequencies, the design of the type, size and shape of materials of each part needs to be adjusted according to the filtering frequency.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to specific exemplary embodiments of the filter operating frequency of 0.8GHz-3.0GHz, the invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can make modifications and variations to the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A novel tunable high-power cavity filter is characterized in that: the filter comprises a filter metal body (1) and a plurality of filter tuning components, wherein an input port (12) and an output port (13) are respectively arranged at two ends of the filter metal body (1); the filter metal body (1) is internally provided with a cavity, the cavity inside the filter metal body (1) between the input port (12) and the output port (13) is divided into a plurality of resonant cavities (2) by a plurality of vertically arranged metal walls (6), and the metal walls (6) are arranged at the bottom of the cavity inside the filter metal body (1) and are not connected to the top of the cavity inside the filter metal body (1); a filter tuning component is arranged in each resonant cavity (2), and each filter tuning component comprises a tuning container (3), a liquid medium injector (4) and a liquid conductive medium (5); the tuning container (3) is placed at the bottom in the resonant cavity (2), a liquid conductive medium (5) is stored in the tuning container (3), the bottom end of the tuning container (3) is communicated with a storage container (10) outside the filter metal body (1), and the top end of the tuning container (3) penetrates through the resonant cavity (2) and is communicated with a liquid medium injector (4) outside the filter metal body (1);
the tuning container (3) is mainly formed by sequentially connecting and communicating a plurality of hollow containers with different shapes or sizes, and has the effects of optimizing matching performance under different filtering frequencies and improving power gain; the hollow container of the tuning container (3) is filled with a liquid conductive medium (5), and air exists above the liquid level of the liquid conductive medium (5) to serve as an insulating space (11);
the hollow containers with different shapes or sizes are specifically insulated hollow cylindrical containers which have different radiuses and are coaxially connected and communicated, and the matching performance of the filter during frequency change is improved by designing different container shapes;
the upper end of the storage container (10) is opened, a piston is arranged in the inner cavity of the storage container (10), and the piston moves up and down in the inner cavity of the storage container (10);
the liquid medium injector (4) is connected with the motor (9), the liquid medium injector (4) is driven by the motor (9) to drive the piston end of the liquid medium injector (4) to move, the liquid medium injector (4) and the tuning container (3) inject or extract the liquid conductive medium (5) stored in the tuning container (3) through the top through hole (7) in a graded manner, and the liquid level height of the liquid conductive medium (5) is adjusted.
2. The novel tunable high-power cavity filter according to claim 1, wherein: two side ends of the metal wall (6) extend and are connected to inner walls of two sides of an inner cavity of the filter metal body (1) respectively, the bottom end of the metal wall (6) is connected to the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the filter metal body (1), and the top end of the metal wall (6) is not connected to the top surface of the inner cavity of the filter metal body (1).
3. The novel tunable high-power cavity filter according to claim 1, wherein: the liquid conductive medium (5) is liquid metal or solution with good conductivity.
4. The novel tunable high-power cavity filter according to claim 1, wherein: the top of the filter metal body (1) above the resonant cavity (2) is provided with a top through hole (7), and the top end of the tuning container (3) is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the liquid medium injector (4).
5. The novel tunable high-power cavity filter according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the filter metal body (1) below the resonant cavity (2) is provided with a bottom through hole (8), and the bottom end of the tuning container (3) is communicated with a circulation port arranged at the bottom end of the storage container (10).
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| CN201810672760.5A CN108963399B (en) | 2018-06-26 | 2018-06-26 | Novel tunable high-power cavity filter |
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| CN201810672760.5A CN108963399B (en) | 2018-06-26 | 2018-06-26 | Novel tunable high-power cavity filter |
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| CN110336602B (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2021-07-20 | 成都极客通科技有限公司 | Relay station equipment capable of switching frequency in real time and control method |
| CN110571502B (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2021-02-19 | 深圳大学 | Adjustable filter |
| CN112072225B (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2021-11-02 | 衡阳市衡山科学城科技创新服务有限公司 | Ceramic dielectric waveguide filter for 5G base station and preparation method thereof |
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