CN108962412B - Forming method of integral guide cylinder of in-pile component - Google Patents
Forming method of integral guide cylinder of in-pile component Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C21/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of reactors or parts thereof
- G21C21/02—Manufacture of fuel elements or breeder elements contained in non-active casings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
- B22F10/64—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by thermal means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/22—Direct deposition of molten metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/34—Process control of powder characteristics, e.g. density, oxidation or flowability
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C21/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of reactors or parts thereof
- G21C21/02—Manufacture of fuel elements or breeder elements contained in non-active casings
- G21C21/14—Manufacture of fuel elements or breeder elements contained in non-active casings by plating the fuel in a fluid
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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Abstract
The invention discloses a forming method of an integral guide cylinder of an in-pile component, which comprises the following steps: 1) selecting raw materials of a guide cylinder and a chromium coating which are manufactured by laser melting additive manufacturing; 2) compiling an additive manufacturing program according to the size of the guide cylinder; 3) performing surface treatment on the substrate for the additive; 4) melting and accumulating the additive raw materials on the substrate layer by using laser as a heat source through a powder feeding melting method so as to realize the molding of the integral guide cylinder and the chromium coating on the wall of the guide groove; 5) carrying out solution heat treatment on the formed guide cylinder; 6) carrying out size stabilization treatment on the guide cylinder; 7) carrying out liquid permeation inspection on the guide cylinder; 8) and carrying out ultrasonic inspection on the guide cylinder. The invention is based on the laser melting additive manufacturing technology, cancels all processing techniques and surface treatment techniques of the guide cylinder, improves the forming quality and the surface treatment quality, can adjust and change the number and the size of the guide grooves, and greatly shortens the manufacturing period.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of nuclear reactor structural design, in particular to a forming method of an in-reactor component integral guide cylinder.
Background
The nuclear reactor internals is one of the most critical devices in nuclear equipment and plays the following roles: supporting and interchanging nuclear fuel assemblies; correctly guiding a control rod to carry out nuclear reaction starting, stopping and power adjustment; providing a correct channel for reactor temperature measurement and neutron flux measurement; establishing a reasonable water flow channel of the reactor; providing secondary safety support for the reactor in case of an accident; the reactor internals of the reactor have complex structure and high precision requirement. The reactor internals integral guide cylinder is a key part of the reactor structure, the integral guide cylinder is provided with a guide groove with full length, and surface chromium plating hardening treatment is required to be carried out, the guide groove is generally processed and formed by an integral forging machine, the guide groove belongs to a closed structure, the machining allowance is large, the machining difficulty is very high, the precision is difficult to guarantee, the surface chromium plating hardening treatment effect is general, and peeling and falling are easy to occur.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a forming method of an integral guide cylinder of an in-pile component, which realizes the manufacture of the integral guide cylinder by laser beam metallurgy melting and layer-by-layer accumulation and greatly simplifies the forming process of the guide cylinder.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a forming method of an integral guide cylinder of an in-pile component comprises the following steps:
1) selecting raw materials of a guide cylinder and a chromium coating which are manufactured by laser melting additive manufacturing;
2) compiling an additive manufacturing program according to the size of the guide cylinder;
3) performing surface treatment on the substrate for the additive;
4) melting and accumulating the additive raw materials on the substrate layer by using laser as a heat source through a powder feeding melting method so as to realize the molding of the integral guide cylinder and the chromium coating on the wall of the guide groove;
5) carrying out solution heat treatment on the formed guide cylinder;
6) carrying out size stabilization treatment on the guide cylinder;
7) carrying out liquid permeation inspection on the guide cylinder;
8) and carrying out ultrasonic inspection on the guide cylinder.
When the guide cylinder is processed, based on a laser melting additive manufacturing technology, according to the standard of RCC-M pressurized water reactor nuclear island mechanical equipment design and construction rules, raw materials of the guide cylinder and a chromium coating are selected firstly, after the specific size of the guide cylinder is determined, additive manufacturing program compiling is carried out, then the surface of a base plate for additive is polished to provide stable support for the forming of the guide cylinder, then laser is used as a heat source, and the raw materials of the guide cylinder and the chromium coating are stacked on the base plate layer by a powder feeding melting method until the guide cylinder and the chromium coating are formed; and then carrying out solution heat treatment on the formed guide cylinder, namely, carrying out heating treatment and subsequent water cooling treatment on a heat treatment furnace to reduce the rusting and corrosion probability of the guide cylinder, continuously machining the guide cylinder until the final size and surface roughness requirements required by a drawing are met, carrying out size stabilization treatment on the guide cylinder after the machining is finished, further determining the final shape and performance of the guide cylinder and the chromium coating, and finally verifying whether the formed guide cylinder meets the standard or not through liquid permeation inspection and ultrasonic inspection. The main body of the guide cylinder and the chromium coating are simultaneously generated by a laser melting additive manufacturing technology, so that the integral guide cylinder is processed without the traditional forge piece production and the guide groove processing, the stress concentration caused by large processing amount is avoided, the forming quality is improved, and the production period is saved; according to the functional requirements of the guide cylinder, any number of guide grooves can be arranged in the circumferential direction, and the sizes of the guide grooves can be changed according to the functional requirements; the surface of the plating layer and the guide cylinder are formed together without the traditional chromium plating process, so that the quality of the plating layer is better; the manufacturing period is greatly shortened, and the forming process is greatly simplified.
In the step 1), the raw material of the guide cylinder is Z2CN19-10 powder, the raw material of the chromium coating is pure chromium powder, the granularity of the Z2CN19-10 powder is 100 meshes-500 meshes, and the granularity of the pure chromium powder is 100 meshes-500 meshes. Furthermore, the materials of the guide cylinder and the chromium coating both meet the relevant standards in the RCC-M pressurized water reactor nuclear island mechanical equipment design and construction rules, wherein Z2CN19-10 powder is selected as the raw material of the guide cylinder, the powder granularity is 100-500 meshes, the nitrogen content of the powder is not more than 0.12% on the premise of not reducing the mechanical property, pure chromium powder is selected as the raw material of the chromium coating, the powder granularity is 100-500 meshes, the powder granularity with the number has good forming effect in melting, and the nitrogen content can meet the strength requirement after melting forming so as to ensure the good performance of the guide cylinder and the chromium coating after forming.
In the step 4), the laser power in the powder feeding melting method is 100-4000W, the melting speed is 50-200 g/h, and the single-layer thickness is 0.1-1 mm until the size of additive manufacturing required by design is completed. Furthermore, raw materials are stacked on the substrate layer by layer through a powder feeding melting method, and in the forming process of the guide cylinder, the laser power is set to be 100-4000W, so that the melting speed of the raw materials is 50-200 g/h, the thickness of the single-layer stacked raw materials is kept in a range of 0.1-1 mm, and the performance of the finally formed guide cylinder and the chromium coating is optimal.
In the step 5), the solution heat treatment process comprises the following steps: and (3) placing the guide cylinder in a heat treatment furnace, heating to 1000-1100 ℃ for 1-4 hours to completely dissolve carbide in the guide cylinder and dissolve carbon element into austenite, taking out the integral guide cylinder from the heat treatment furnace, and carrying out water cooling treatment on the guide cylinder until the guide cylinder is cooled to enable carbon to reach a supersaturated state. Further, during solution heat treatment, the integral guide cylinder is placed in a heat treatment furnace and heated to 1000-1100 ℃ for 1-4 hours to completely or basically dissolve carbide, carbon element is dissolved in austenite, then the integral guide cylinder is taken out of the heat treatment furnace, and a water cooling mode is used to rapidly cool the integral guide cylinder to room temperature so that carbon reaches a supersaturated state. The heating temperature is 1000-1100 ℃, the aim is to completely or basically dissolve the carbide, the risk that the carbide causes the stainless steel material of the integral guide cylinder to rust and corrode is avoided, the heat treatment time is 1-4 hours, the carbide can be completely or basically dissolved, and the phenomenon that the stainless steel material is excessively heat treated to cause coarse stainless steel grains and reduced mechanical property can be avoided; the water cooling is adopted to rapidly cool the stainless steel material, and the intercrystalline corrosion temperature interval is avoided.
In the step 6), the flow of the dimensional stabilization treatment is as follows: and (3) placing the guide cylinder in a heat treatment furnace, heating to 400-450 ℃ for 6-12 hours to release internal stress caused by processing in the guide cylinder (3), and cooling the guide cylinder (3) in the heat treatment furnace after the heat treatment furnace stops heating.
In the step 7), the liquid penetration test flow is as follows: firstly, spraying a penetrant on the surface of an integral reflecting layer to keep the temperature of the integral reflecting layer and the penetrant between 10 and 50 ℃, wherein the retention time of the liquid penetrant is more than 20 minutes; then, removing redundant penetrating agent by using deionized water at the temperature of 10-45 ℃, scrubbing the integral reflecting layer by using sponge or absorbent paper, and naturally drying; and coating a layer of developer on the surface to be detected of the dried integral reflecting layer, and finally observing by naked eyes. Specifically, firstly, spraying a penetrating agent on the surface of a guide cylinder, wherein the temperature of the guide cylinder and the penetrating agent is kept between 10 ℃ and 50 ℃, the retention time of the liquid penetrating agent is at least 20 minutes, and the penetrating agent is required to be kept in a wet state in the whole penetration time; deionized water with the temperature of 10-45 ℃ is used for removing redundant penetrating agent, clean sponge or absorbent paper is used for scrubbing, and water with the pressure of less than 2bar can be used for washing, and natural drying is adopted for preventing over-cleaning; coating a layer of fine and uniform developer on the surface to be detected after drying; and observing under the illumination of not less than 500Lux by naked eyes. The evaluation must be completed within 10 to 30 minutes after drying.
In the step 8), the ultrasonic inspection process includes: firstly, coating a couplant on the surface of the integral reflecting layer, and then inspecting the surface of the integral reflecting layer by a probe with the nominal frequency of 1 MHz-2.5 MHz; and during detection, a direct contact method is adopted in a coupling mode, and coupling compensation, attenuation compensation and curved surface compensation are performed according to actual conditions. Specifically, a couplant is coated on the surface of the integral guide cylinder; inspecting the surface of the guide cylinder by using a probe with the nominal frequency of 1 MHz-2.5 MHz; the diameter of the wafer of the straight probe is phi 10 mm-phi 40mm, and the area of the wafer of the inclined probe is 300mm 2-625 mm 2; the refraction angle (K value) of the oblique probe is generally 35-63 ℃ (K0.7-K2); the grain size and the acoustic characteristic of the reference block for ultrasonic inspection are approximately similar to those of the guide cylinder, and the difference of the attenuation coefficients of the grain size and the acoustic characteristic is not more than 4 Db/m; and during detection, a direct contact method is adopted in a coupling mode, and coupling compensation, attenuation compensation and curved surface compensation are performed according to actual conditions.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the forming method of the in-pile component integral type guide cylinder is based on a laser melting additive manufacturing technology, all machining processes and surface treatment processes of the guide cylinder are omitted, forming quality and surface treatment quality are improved, the number and the size of the guide grooves can be adjusted and changed according to the functional requirements of the guide cylinder, the manufacturing period is greatly shortened, and the manufacturing process is greatly simplified.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a top view of the present invention.
Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:
1-guide groove, 2-chromium coating and 3-guide cylinder.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment includes the following steps:
1) selecting raw materials of a guide cylinder 3 and a chromium coating 2 which are manufactured by laser melting additive manufacturing;
2) compiling an additive manufacturing program according to the size of the guide cylinder 3;
3) performing surface treatment on the substrate for the additive;
4) melting and accumulating the additive raw materials on the substrate layer by using laser as a heat source through a powder feeding melting method so as to realize the molding of the integral guide cylinder 3 and the chromium coating 2 on the wall of the guide groove 1;
5) carrying out solution heat treatment on the formed guide cylinder 3;
6) carrying out size stabilization treatment on the guide cylinder 3;
7) carrying out liquid permeation inspection on the guide cylinder 3;
8) the guide cylinder 3 is subjected to ultrasonic testing.
When the guide cylinder 3 is processed, based on a laser melting additive manufacturing technology, according to the standard of RCC-M pressurized water reactor nuclear island mechanical equipment design and construction rules, raw materials of the guide cylinder 3 and the chromium coating 2 are selected, after the specific size of the guide cylinder 3 is determined, an additive manufacturing program is compiled, then the surface of a base plate for additive is polished and ground to provide stable support for the forming of the guide cylinder 3, and then laser is used as a heat source, the raw materials of the guide cylinder 3 and the chromium coating 2 are stacked on the base plate layer by a powder feeding melting method until the guide cylinder 3 and the chromium coating 2 are formed; and then carrying out solution heat treatment on the formed guide cylinder 3, namely, carrying out heating treatment and subsequent water cooling treatment on a heat treatment furnace to reduce the probability of rusting and corrosion of the guide cylinder 3, continuously machining the guide cylinder 3 until the final size and surface roughness requirements required by a drawing are met, carrying out size stabilization treatment on the guide cylinder 3 after the machining is finished, further determining the final shape and performance of the guide cylinder 3 and the chromium coating 2, and finally verifying whether the formed guide cylinder 3 meets the standard or not through liquid permeation inspection and ultrasonic inspection. The main body of the guide cylinder 3 and the chromium coating 2 are simultaneously generated by a laser melting additive manufacturing technology, so that the integral guide cylinder 3 is processed without the traditional forge piece production and the guide groove 1 processing, the stress concentration caused by large processing amount is avoided, the forming quality is improved, and the production period is saved; according to the functional requirements of the guide cylinder 3, any number of guide grooves 1 can be arranged in the circumferential direction, and the size of the guide grooves 1 can be changed according to the functional requirements; the surface of the plating layer and the guide cylinder 3 are formed together without the traditional chromium plating process, so that the quality of the plating layer is better; the manufacturing period is greatly shortened, and the forming process is greatly simplified.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in this embodiment, based on embodiment 1, in step 1), the raw material of the guide cylinder 3 is Z2CN19-10 powder, and the raw material of the chromium plating layer 2 is pure chromium powder, so that the particle size of the Z2CN19-10 powder is 100 mesh to 500 mesh, and the particle size of the pure chromium powder is 100 mesh to 500 mesh. Furthermore, the materials of the guide cylinder 3 and the chromium coating 2 meet the relevant standards in the RCC-M pressurized water reactor nuclear island mechanical equipment design and construction rules, wherein Z2CN19-10 powder is selected as the raw material of the guide cylinder 3, the powder granularity is between 100 meshes and 500 meshes, the nitrogen content of the powder is not more than 0.12 percent on the premise of not reducing the mechanical property, the chromium coating 2 is selected as the raw material of pure chromium powder, the powder granularity is between 100 meshes and 500 meshes, the powder granularity with the number has good forming effect in melting, and the nitrogen content can meet the strength requirement after melting forming so as to ensure the good performance of the guide cylinder 3 and the chromium coating 2 after forming.
In the step 4), the laser power in the powder feeding melting method is 100-4000W, the melting speed is 50-200 g/h, and the single-layer thickness is 0.1-1 mm until the size of additive manufacturing required by design is completed. Furthermore, raw materials are stacked on the substrate layer by layer through a powder feeding melting method, and in the forming process of the guide cylinder 3, the laser power is set to be 100-4000W, so that the melting speed of the raw materials is 50-200 g/h, meanwhile, the thickness of single-layer stacking of the raw materials is kept in a range of 0.1-1 mm, and the performance of the guide cylinder 3 and the chromium coating 2 which are finally formed is optimal.
In the step 5), the solution heat treatment process comprises the following steps: and (3) placing the guide cylinder 3 in a heat treatment furnace, heating to 1000-1100 ℃ for 1-4 hours to completely dissolve carbide in the guide cylinder 3 and dissolve carbon element in austenite, taking out the integral guide cylinder 3 from the heat treatment furnace, and carrying out water cooling treatment on the guide cylinder 3 until the guide cylinder 3 is cooled to enable carbon to reach a supersaturated state. Further, during solution heat treatment, the integral guide cylinder 3 is placed in a heat treatment furnace and heated to 1000-1100 ℃ for 1-4 hours to completely or basically dissolve carbide, carbon element is dissolved in austenite, then the integral guide cylinder 3 is taken out of the heat treatment furnace, and a water cooling mode is used to rapidly cool the integral guide cylinder 3 to room temperature to enable carbon to reach a supersaturated state. The heating temperature is 1000-1100 ℃, the aim is to completely or basically dissolve the carbide, the risk that the carbide causes the stainless steel material of the integral guide cylinder 3 to rust and corrode is avoided, the heat treatment time is 1-4 hours, the carbide can be completely or basically dissolved, and the phenomenon that the stainless steel material is excessively heat treated to cause coarse stainless steel grains and reduced mechanical property can be avoided; the water cooling is adopted to rapidly cool the stainless steel material, and the intercrystalline corrosion temperature interval is avoided.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in this embodiment, based on embodiments 1 and 2, in step 6), the flow of the dimensional stabilization process is as follows: and (3) placing the guide cylinder in a heat treatment furnace, heating to 400-450 ℃ for 6-12 hours to release internal stress caused by processing in the guide cylinder (3), and cooling the guide cylinder (3) in the heat treatment furnace after the heat treatment furnace stops heating.
And in the step 7), the liquid penetration testing process comprises the following steps: spraying a penetrating agent on the surface of the guide cylinder, wherein the temperature of the guide cylinder and the penetrating agent is kept between 10 ℃ and 50 ℃, the retention time of the liquid penetrating agent is at least 20 minutes, and the penetrating agent is required to be kept in a wet state in the whole penetration time; deionized water with the temperature of 10-45 ℃ is used for removing redundant penetrating agent, clean sponge or absorbent paper is used for scrubbing, and water with the pressure of less than 2bar can be used for washing, and natural drying is adopted for preventing over-cleaning; coating a layer of fine and uniform developer on the surface to be detected after drying; and observing under the illumination of not less than 500Lux by naked eyes. The evaluation must be completed within 10 to 30 minutes after drying.
In the step 8), the ultrasonic inspection process includes: firstly, coating a couplant on the surface of the integral guide cylinder; inspecting the surface of the guide cylinder by using a probe with the nominal frequency of 1 MHz-2.5 MHz; the diameter of the wafer of the straight probe is phi 10 mm-phi 40mm, and the area of the wafer of the inclined probe is 300mm 2-625 mm 2; the refraction angle (K value) of the oblique probe is generally 35-63 ℃ (K0.7-K2); the grain size and the acoustic characteristic of the reference block for ultrasonic inspection are approximately similar to those of the guide cylinder, and the difference of the attenuation coefficients of the grain size and the acoustic characteristic is not more than 4 Db/m; and during detection, a direct contact method is adopted in a coupling mode, and coupling compensation, attenuation compensation and curved surface compensation are performed according to actual conditions.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A forming method of an integral guide cylinder of an in-pile component is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) selecting raw materials of a guide cylinder (3) and a chromium coating (2) which are manufactured by laser melting additive manufacturing;
2) compiling an additive manufacturing program according to the size of the guide cylinder (3);
3) performing surface treatment on the substrate for the additive;
4) by taking laser as a heat source, melting and accumulating the additive raw materials on the substrate layer by layer through a powder feeding melting method so as to realize the molding of the integral guide cylinder (3) and the chromium coating (2) on the wall of the guide groove (1);
5) carrying out solution heat treatment on the formed guide cylinder (3);
6) carrying out size stabilization treatment on the guide cylinder (3);
7) performing liquid permeation inspection on the guide cylinder (3);
8) carrying out ultrasonic inspection on the guide cylinder (3);
in the step 1), the raw material of the guide cylinder (3) is Z2CN19-10 powder, the raw material of the chromium coating (2) is pure chromium powder, and the granularity of the Z2CN19-10 powder is 100-500 meshes, and the granularity of the pure chromium powder is 100-500 meshes;
in the step 4), the laser power in the powder feeding melting method is 100-4000W, the melting speed is 50-200 g/h, and the single-layer thickness is 0.1-1 mm until the size of additive manufacturing required by design is completed;
in the step 5), the solution heat treatment process comprises the following steps: placing the guide cylinder in a heat treatment furnace, heating to 1000-1100 ℃ for 1-4 h to completely dissolve carbide in the guide cylinder (3) and dissolve carbon element in austenite, taking out the integral guide cylinder (3) from the heat treatment furnace, and carrying out water cooling treatment on the guide cylinder (3) until the guide cylinder (3) is cooled to enable carbon to reach a supersaturated state;
in the step 6), the flow of the dimensional stabilization treatment is as follows: firstly, the guide cylinder (3) is placed into a heat treatment furnace and heated to 400-450 ℃ for 6-12 hours, so that internal stress caused by machining in the guide cylinder (3) is released, and after the heat treatment furnace stops heating, the guide cylinder (3) is cooled in the heat treatment furnace.
2. The method for forming the integral guide cylinder of the internals package according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 7), the liquid penetration test flow is as follows: firstly, spraying a penetrant on the surface of an integral reflecting layer to keep the temperature of the integral reflecting layer and the penetrant between 10 and 50 ℃, wherein the retention time of the liquid penetrant is more than 20 minutes; then, removing redundant penetrating agent by using deionized water at the temperature of 10-45 ℃, scrubbing the integral reflecting layer by using sponge or absorbent paper, and naturally drying; and coating a layer of developer on the surface to be detected of the dried integral reflecting layer, and finally observing by naked eyes.
3. The method for forming the integral guide cylinder of the internals package according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 8), the ultrasonic inspection process includes: firstly, coating a couplant on the surface of the integral reflecting layer, and then inspecting the surface of the integral reflecting layer by a probe with the nominal frequency of 1 MHz-2.5 MHz; and during detection, a direct contact method is adopted in a coupling mode, and coupling compensation, attenuation compensation and curved surface compensation are performed according to actual conditions.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN205582504U (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2016-09-14 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Reactor pressure vessel's shell structure |
| CN205595080U (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2016-09-21 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Segment structure is taken over to reactor pressure vessel's vessel flange |
| CN108062983A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-05-22 | 上海核工程研究设计院有限公司 | A kind of nuclear power station control rod drive mechanism hook of increasing material manufacturing |
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| US10614923B2 (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2020-04-07 | Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc | Methods of forming structures and fissile fuel materials by additive manufacturing |
| CN108115132A (en) * | 2016-12-03 | 2018-06-05 | 鑫精合激光科技发展（北京）有限公司 | A kind of hook and its manufacturing method with novel wear resistant layer structure |
| CN106903309A (en) * | 2016-12-03 | 2017-06-30 | 鑫精合激光科技发展（北京）有限公司 | A kind of hook and its manufacture method with novel wear resistant Rotating fields |
| CN108145159A (en) * | 2016-12-03 | 2018-06-12 | 鑫精合激光科技发展（北京）有限公司 | A kind of hook and its manufacturing method with novel wear resistant layer structure |
| CN106853525A (en) * | 2016-12-03 | 2017-06-16 | 鑫精合激光科技发展（北京）有限公司 | A kind of hook and its manufacture method with novel wear resistant Rotating fields |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN205582504U (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2016-09-14 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Reactor pressure vessel's shell structure |
| CN205595080U (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2016-09-21 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Segment structure is taken over to reactor pressure vessel's vessel flange |
| CN108062983A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-05-22 | 上海核工程研究设计院有限公司 | A kind of nuclear power station control rod drive mechanism hook of increasing material manufacturing |
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