CN108959821A - A kind of freeway toll station reversible lane passing control method - Google Patents
A kind of freeway toll station reversible lane passing control method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of freeway toll station reversible lane design schemes.A kind of freeway toll station reversible lane passing control method, for high speed charge station at the beginning and end of weekend, and the import and export demand imbalance feature occurred in legal festivals and holidays or current free period, reversible design is carried out to high speed charge station part lane, using MTC charge station as research object, queuing situation to vehicle in high speed charge station is studied, establish M/G/1 queue theory model, the lane in which the drivers should pay fees number and vehicle arriving rate, service time, the relationship between the length of toll plaza are established, obtains needing open reversible lane number；Computer source program is write using computer programming method, passes through input import and export vehicle arriving rate, MTC number of track-lines, service time and toll plaza length, program automatic running, automatic calculating when realizing vehicle congestion to reversible lane number；Single-chip microcomputer signal control system is designed, realizes the automatic control to reversible lane.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of freeway toll station reversible lane design schemes, it is intended to solve high speed charge station in week
Side demand for services at the beginning and end of end, and in legal festivals and holidays or current free period appearance takes much larger than the other side
Unilateral side congestion phenomenon caused by business demand.
Background technique
Since the implementation of Toll Free policy and weekend are to and between two cities during the high speed charge station legal festivals and holidays
The increase of vehicle number, there is congestion because service window quantity is insufficient in the side for causing charge station's demand for services big, and servicing needs
Small side is asked because queue length is shorter, occurs that service window quantity is rich, this not only causes the wave of charge station's existing resource
Take, also results in the reduction of charge station's service level.
In order to solve this problem, scholar is directed to the unilateral congestion phenomenon of summer time Zhoushan Of Zhejiang Province bridge spanning the sea charge station,
The proposing of perception open up reciprocal lane scheme (it is information-based to protect smooth solution [J] Chinese transportation for charge station under big flow,
2013(12):40-42.)；For high speed charge station vehicle congestion phenomenon often, there is scholar to propose and increase the lane in which the drivers should pay fees, construction
No-stop charging system and the scheme (Shandong freeway toll station congestion solution [J] the traffic branch for opening up reciprocal lane
Skill, 2012 (3): 70-71.).In existing research, it is mostly focused on through enlarging charge station, improves the efficiency of management, using advanced
Science and technology improves the means such as efficiency of service and solves high speed charge station congestion problems, but for making full use of charge station's existing resource to alleviate
The scheme of congestion considers less.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, propose a kind of freeway toll station reversible lane access control side
Method establishes model using M/G/1 Queueing Theory Method, analyzes different lanes using MTC (auto-manual system) charge station as research object
Influence of the several and vehicle arriving rate to charge station's reversible lane number, and computer programming analysis is carried out, it realizes to charge
The automatic calculating of reversible lane number of standing realizes then by design single-chip microcomputer signal control system to reversible charging vehicle
The real-time dynamic auto adjustment in road.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention:
A kind of freeway toll station reversible lane passing control method starts and ties at weekend for high speed charge station
Shu Shi, and in the import and export demand imbalance feature that legal festivals and holidays or current free period occur, to portion of high speed charge station
Divided lane carries out reversible design, and using MTC charge station as research object, the queuing situation to vehicle in high speed charge station is ground
Study carefully, establish M/G/1 queue theory model, establishes the lane in which the drivers should pay fees number and vehicle arriving rate, service time, between the length of toll plaza
Relationship obtains needing open reversible lane number；
Computer source program is write using computer programming method, by inputting import and export vehicle arriving rate, the lane MTC
Number, service time and toll plaza length, program automatic running, to the automatic meter of reversible lane number when realizing vehicle congestion
It calculates；
Single-chip microcomputer signal control system is designed, realizes the automatic control to reversible lane.
The freeway toll station reversible lane passing control method is established using M/G/1 Queueing Theory Method and is accorded with
The actual queue theory model of high speed charge station is closed, process is as follows:
1) vehicle reaches distribution
The vehicle for reaching charge station in section at any time meets three conditions of Poisson flow (Poisson), that is, that flows is flat
The generality of stability, the markov property of stream and stream, vehicle reach distribution and obey Poisson distribution；
2) numbers distribution in system
To high speed, charge station is investigated, and obtains import service temporal frequency data and outlet services temporal frequency number
According to the inlet and outlet service time equal Normal Distribution of vehicle；
3) model foundation
Under charge station's jam situation, vehicle is lined up, each charging window is exactly an independent system at this time, together
When vehicle reach and obey Poisson distribution, service time Normal Distribution meets the use condition of M/G/1 model；
Every lane averagely reaches vehicle number in unit time:
In formula: λAlways, charge station's import and export vehicle arriving rate, veh/h；λETC, charge station's import and export ETC vehicle arriving rate,
veh/h；K, the import and export number of track-lines in addition to the lane ETC；
When calculating vehicle arriving rate λ, using formula (2) by traffic form in the volume of traffic of all kinds of vehicles be scaled standard steam
The vehicle volume of traffic:
Ve=V ∑ PiEi (2)
In formula: Ve, equivalent traffic volume, also referred to as the equivalent volume of traffic, pcu/h；V, the total wheel traffic without conversion, veh/h；
Pi, the i-th class vehicle volume of traffic accounts for the percentage of total wheel traffic；Ei, the vehicle conversion factor of the i-th class vehicle；
In same time interval the average arrival number of vehicle with can be service intensity by the ratio between average of service vehicle, it is public
Formula is as follows:
In formula: μ-service rate, pcu/h,T-service time, s；
Survey data is analyzed, the service time desired value and variance of entrance lane, exit lane are obtained, such as table 1
It is shown:
Table 1 service time statistical result
The open ended maximum vehicle queue length in toll plaza:
In formula: L-is in the open ended maximum vehicle queue length in toll plaza, pcu；S-toll plaza length, m；
The space headway of the adjacent two cars of H-, m generally take 6m；
Average queue length:
The L and L found out using above-mentioned formulaq, then it is compared, works as L=LqWhen, charge station reaches the critical point of congestion,
Open minimum number of track-lines is needed at this time are as follows:
As L > LqWhen, there is congestion phenomenon in charge station, the reversible lane number that should be opened is calculated using K ', sufficiently
Unilateral congestion problems are solved using the inlet and outlet lane of charge station；As L < LqWhen, charge station does not occur congestion phenomenon, without opening
Put reversible lane.
If inlet and outlet do not reach the open ended maximum queue length in toll plaza, or have all been more than maximum length of queue
Degree, EP (end of program) at this time, wagon flow are still continued on original charge direction；
Once there is the case where unilateral average queue length is more than the open ended maximum queue length in toll plaza in charge station,
Program voluntarily selects another operation at this time: the number of track-lines in the equal queue length in Yuanping City is changed to right after open k reversible lame
The numerical value answered, but k value is necessarily less than import and export number of track-lines, and the number of track-lines of change is since 1, with the sequential iteration of natural number, directly
To inlet and outlet vehicle queue length relative equilibrium, k value at this time is retained as optimal solution, and the data that this program is finally shown are
Inlet and outlet number of track-lines adjusted.
The freeway toll station reversible lane passing control method, after reversible lane is open, should according to
Under several situations deflecting is carried out to reversible lane: if being interfered to opposed vehicle: when the opposed vehicle queue length that is averaged reaches
When maximum queue length open ended to toll plaza, the vehicle arriving rate detected at this time should be inputted program, obtained best
Import and export number of track-lines；If not interfering to opposed vehicle: vehicle arriving rate when should be according to detection judges two-way average queuing
Whether length reaches the open ended maximum queue length in toll plaza, if should not up to close open reversible lame.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, freeway toll station reversible lane passing control method of the present invention started and ties according to festivals or holidays and weekend
Beam period, charge station import and export the unbalanced feature of demand, carry out reversible design to high speed charge station part lane.It realizes
Automatic calculating to charge station's reversible lane number and the real-time dynamic auto adjustment to reversible the lane in which the drivers should pay fees.Mock-up
Production shows that present design is feasible, and result of design has positive effect to the congestion of high speed charge station is alleviated.
2, freeway toll station reversible lane passing control method of the present invention, by being carried out to freeway toll station
On-site inspection obtains the queuing feature of vehicle, with M/G/1 queue theory model, establishes the lane in which the drivers should pay fees number and vehicle arriving rate, clothes
The relationship being engaged between time, toll plaza length obtains needing open reversible lane number.Using computer programming, realize
In vehicle congestion to the automatic calculating of reversible lane number, and realized using design of singlechip system technology to reversible vehicle
The unilateral congestion phenomenon that freeway toll station occurs is alleviated in the automatic control in road, improves the utilization rate and service water of charge station
It is flat；Design is scientific and reasonable.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is import service temporal frequency figure；
Fig. 2 is outlet services temporal frequency figure；
Fig. 3 is freeway toll station reversible lane passing control method computer program flow chart of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is that USB turns serial ports working principle；
Fig. 5 is single chip machine controlling circuit schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is operation result figure；
Fig. 7 is reversible lane floor line design drawing；
Fig. 8 is reversible lane floor line partial enlarged view；
Fig. 9-1, Fig. 9-2 are reversible lane Sign Boards.
Specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention will be described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
Freeway toll station reversible lane passing control method of the present invention, start for high speed charge station at weekend and
At the end of, and in the inlet and outlet demand imbalance feature that legal festivals and holidays or current free period occur, to high speed charge station
Part lane carries out reversible design, using MTC (auto-manual system) charge station as research object, to vehicle high speed charge station row
Team's situation is studied, and M/G/1 queue theory model is established, and establishes the lane in which the drivers should pay fees number and vehicle arriving rate, service time, charge extensively
Relationship between field length obtains needing open reversible lane number.
Be programmed using computer language, by input inlet and outlet vehicle arriving rate, MTC number of track-lines, service time with
And toll plaza length, program automatic running, automatic calculating when realizing vehicle congestion to reversible lane number.
Turn serial port chip using CH340GUSB, is realized using design of singlechip system technology to the automatic of reversible lane
Control.
It is theoretical according to traffic design, traffic control, the driving psychology of driver is analyzed, to the ground of reversible toll plaza
Graticule, indicator light and sign board are designed, and driver is made to obtain the relevant information of charge station in time, to guarantee reversible lane
Safe and highly efficient operation.For this research, because not designing ETC (self-action) dedicated variable to lane, if depositing in charge station
In ETC the lane in which the drivers should pay fees, the rightmost side in the same direction need to be disposed at.
Embodiment 2
Referring to Fig. 3, the freeway toll station reversible lane passing control method of the present embodiment, not with embodiment 1
It is with place: the actual queue theory model of high speed charge station is met using the foundation of M/G/1 Queueing Theory Method, process is as follows:
1) vehicle reaches distribution
The vehicle for reaching charge station in section at any time meets three conditions of Poisson flow (Poisson), that is, that flows is flat
The generality of stability, the markov property of stream and stream, vehicle reach distribution and obey Poisson distribution；
2) numbers distribution in system
To high speed, charge station is investigated, and obtains import service temporal frequency data and outlet services temporal frequency number
According to the inlet and outlet service time equal Normal Distribution of vehicle；
3) model foundation
Under charge station's jam situation, vehicle is lined up, each charging window is exactly an independent system at this time, together
When vehicle reach and obey Poisson distribution, service time Normal Distribution meets the use condition of M/G/1 model；
Every lane averagely reaches vehicle number in unit time:
In formula: λAlwaysCharge station is into (out) mouth vehicle arriving rate, veh/h；λETCCharge station arrives into (out) mouth ETC vehicle
Up to rate, veh/h；K-in addition to the lane ETC into (out) mouth number of track-lines.
Charge station vehicle is complicated, when calculating vehicle arriving rate λ, by traffic form in the volume of traffic of all kinds of vehicles be scaled mark
The prospective vehicle volume of traffic:
Equivalent traffic volume: Ve=V ∑ PiEi (2)
In formula: VeEquivalent traffic volume, also referred to as the equivalent volume of traffic, pcu/h；Total wheel traffic of the V-without conversion, veh/
h；Pi- the i-th class vehicle volume of traffic accounts for the percentage of total wheel traffic；EiThe vehicle conversion factor of-the i-th class vehicle；
Using compact car as standard vehicle, the vehicle conversion factor of large and medium-sized vehicle and super-huge vehicle be respectively 1.3 and 1.7 (in
The Beijing highway association of state " traffic engineering handbook " editorial board traffic engineering handbook [M]: People's Transportation Press, 1998.)；
In same time interval the average arrival number of vehicle with can be service intensity by the ratio between average of service vehicle, it is public
Formula is as follows:
In formula: μ-service rate, pcu/h,T-service time, s；
Survey data is analyzed, the service time desired value and variance of entrance lane, exit lane are obtained, such as table 1
It is shown:
Table 1 service time statistical result
The open ended maximum vehicle queue length in toll plaza:
In formula: L-is in the open ended maximum vehicle queue length in toll plaza, pcu；S-toll plaza length, m；
The space headway of the adjacent two cars of H-, m generally take 6m；
Average queue length:
L and L are found out using above-mentioned formulaq, then it is compared, works as L=LqWhen, charge station reaches the critical point of congestion, this
When the minimum number of track-lines that need to open are as follows:
As L > LqWhen, there is congestion phenomenon in charge station, the reversible lane number that should be opened is calculated using K ', sufficiently
Unilateral congestion problems are solved using the inlet and outlet lane of charge station；As L < LqWhen, charge station does not occur congestion phenomenon, without opening
Put reversible lane.
Embodiment 3
The freeway toll station reversible lane passing control method of the present embodiment, exists with the difference of embodiment 2
In: it is further, it if inlet and outlet do not reach the open ended maximum queue length in toll plaza, or has all been more than maximum row
Team leader's degree, at this time EP (end of program), wagon flow are still continued on original charge direction；
Once there is the case where unilateral average queue length is more than the open ended maximum queue length in toll plaza in charge station,
Program voluntarily selects another operation at this time: the number of track-lines in the equal queue length in Yuanping City is changed to right after open k reversible lame
The numerical value answered, but k value is necessarily less than into (out) mouth number of track-lines, the number of track-lines of change is since 1, with the sequential iteration of natural number,
Until importing and exporting vehicle queue length relative equilibrium, k value at this time is retained as optimal solution, the data that this program is finally shown
For inlet and outlet number of track-lines adjusted.
The program is applied to the high speed charge station of unilateral congestion, is not limited using the time, by the input unit time
The vehicle number that each lane flow amount detector detects, and inlet and outlet number of track-lines, the number of service time and toll plaza length
According to program meeting automatic running calculates average queuing vehicle number.
Embodiment 4
The freeway toll station reversible lane passing control method of the present embodiment, exists with the difference of embodiment 3
In: after reversible lane is open, deflecting should be carried out to reversible lane according to following several situations:
If being interfered to opposed vehicle: when the opposed vehicle queue length that is averaged reaches the open ended maximum row in toll plaza
When team leader spends, the vehicle arriving rate detected at this time should be inputted program, obtain most preferably importing and exporting number of track-lines；
If not interfering to opposed vehicle: vehicle arriving rate when should be according to detection judges two-way average queue length
Whether toll plaza open ended maximum queue length is reached, if should not up to close open reversible lame.
Embodiment 5
The freeway toll station reversible lane passing control method of the present embodiment, not with embodiment 1 or embodiment 2
It is with place: computer source program is write using computer programming method, to reversible lane number when realizing vehicle congestion
Automatic to calculate, method is as follows；
1) vehicle number that each lane flow amount detector detects in the unit time, and inlet and outlet number of track-lines, clothes are inputted
The data of business time and toll plaza length calculate average queuing vehicle number；
2) if inlet and outlet do not reach the open ended maximum queue length in toll plaza, or have all been more than maximum be lined up
Length, at this time EP (end of program), wagon flow are still continued on original charge direction；It is grown once unilateral average be lined up occurs in charge station
When spending maximum queue length open ended more than toll plaza, program voluntarily selects another operation at this time: Yuanping City is lined up length
Number of track-lines in degree is changed to corresponding numerical value after open k reversible lame, but k value is necessarily less than import and export number of track-lines, change
Number of track-lines since 1, with the sequential iteration of natural number, until importing and exporting vehicle queue length relative equilibrium, k value at this time is made
It is retained for optimal solution, the data that this program is finally shown are inlet and outlet number of track-lines adjusted.
The program is applied to the high speed charge station of unilateral congestion, is not limited using the time, program automatic running.
Embodiment 6
Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 9, freeway toll station reversible lane passing control method of the present invention, according to festivals or holidays and week
End starts and processing completion time used for them, and charge station imports and exports the unbalanced feature of demand, carries out to high speed charge station part lane reversible
Design.
Using MTC (auto-manual system) charge station as research object, the queuing situation to vehicle in high speed charge station is studied,
It obtains meeting the actual queue theory model of high speed charge station.It is encoded with according to model and puts outlet vehicle arriving rate, the lane MTC into
The calculation procedure of number, service time and toll plaza length, calculates the reversible lame number that should be opened, and pass through design automatically
Single-chip microcomputer signal control system realizes the real-time automatic control to reversible lane.According to traffic design, traffic control it is theoretical and
The driving psychology of driver, devises highway and ring road direction board and toll plaza floor line, obtains driver in time
Obtain the relevant information of charge station.For this research, because not designing ETC (self-action) dedicated variable to lane, if charge station
In there are ETC thes lane in which the drivers should pay fees, the rightmost side in the same direction need to be disposed at.
1. mathematical model is established
1.1 vehicles reach distribution
Through investigating, the vehicle for reaching charge station in section at any time meets three conditions of Poisson flow (Poisson), i.e.,
The generality of the stationarity of stream, the markov property of stream and stream, vehicle reach distribution and obey Poisson distribution.
1.2 numbers distribution in system
Xincheng District charge station of southern Lip river high speed Pingdingshan City is investigated, data analysis obtains in varied situations, vehicle
Inlet and outlet service time equal Normal Distribution, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.
1.3 model foundation
Under charge station's jam situation, vehicle is lined up, each charging window is exactly an independent system at this time, together
When vehicle reach and obey Poisson distribution, service time Normal Distribution meets the use condition of M/G/1 model.
Every lane averagely reaches vehicle number in unit time:
In formula: λAlwaysCharge station is into (out) mouth vehicle arriving rate, veh/h；λETCCharge station arrives into (out) mouth ETC vehicle
Up to rate, veh/h；K-in addition to the lane ETC into (out) mouth number of track-lines.
Since charge station vehicle is complicated, calculate vehicle arriving rate λ for convenience, need by it is actual or it is expected that traffic group
The volume of traffic of all kinds of vehicles is scaled the standard automobile volume of traffic in.
Equivalent traffic volume:
Ve=V ∑ PiEi (2)
In formula: VeEquivalent traffic volume, also referred to as the equivalent volume of traffic, pcu/h；Total wheel traffic of the V-without conversion, veh/
h；Pi- the i-th class vehicle volume of traffic accounts for the percentage of total wheel traffic；EiThe vehicle conversion factor of-the i-th class vehicle.
Using compact car as standard vehicle, wherein the vehicle conversion factor of large and medium-sized vehicle and super-huge vehicle is respectively 1.3 and 1.7
(Beijing China Highway Institute " traffic engineering handbook " editorial board traffic engineering handbook [M]: People's Transportation Press, 1998).
In same time interval the average arrival number of vehicle with can be service intensity by the ratio between average of service vehicle, it is public
Formula is as follows:
In formula: μ-service rate, pcu/h,T-service time, s.
The service time desired value and variance of entrance lane, exit lane are obtained using survey data, as shown in table 1.
Table 1 service time statistical result
The open ended maximum vehicle queue length in toll plaza:
In formula: L-is in the open ended maximum vehicle queue length in toll plaza, pcu；S-toll plaza length, m；
The space headway of the adjacent two cars of H-, m generally take 6m.
Average queue length:
L and L are found out using above-mentioned formulaq, then it is compared, works as L=LqWhen, charge station reaches the critical point of congestion, this
When the minimum number of track-lines that need to open are as follows:
As L > LqWhen, there is congestion phenomenon in charge station, the reversible lane number that should be opened is calculated using K ', sufficiently
Unilateral congestion problems are solved using the inlet and outlet lane of charge station；As L < LqWhen, charge station does not occur congestion phenomenon, without opening
Put reversible lane.
2. programming (flow chart is as shown in Figure 3)
The program is applied to the high speed charge station of unilateral congestion, is not limited using the time, by the input unit time
The vehicle number that each lane flow amount detector detects, and inlet and outlet number of track-lines, the number of service time and toll plaza length
According to program meeting automatic running calculates average queuing vehicle number.If inlet and outlet do not reach the open ended maximum in toll plaza
Queue length, or be all more than maximum queue length, EP (end of program) at this time, wagon flow is still continued on original charge direction；
When charge station unilateral average queue length occurs and is more than the open ended maximum queue length in toll plaza, program is voluntarily at this time
Select another operation: the number of track-lines in the equal queue length in Yuanping City is changed to corresponding numerical value after open k reversible lame, but k
Value is necessarily less than into (out) mouth number of track-lines, and the number of track-lines of change is since 1, with the sequential iteration of natural number, until importing and exporting vehicle
Queue length relative equilibrium, k value at this time are retained as optimal solution, the data that this program is finally shown be it is adjusted into
Exit lane number.
3. system structure
Turn serial port chip using CH340GUSB, communicates PC with single-chip microcontroller by CH340G chip.When computer is to list
When piece machine transmits data, single-chip microcontroller is responded and is received, while single-chip microcontroller carries out even-odd check, confirms errorless, completion communication.USB
It is as shown in Figure 4 to turn serial ports working principle.
In the way of pull-up, the cathode of light emitting diode is connected with single-chip microcontroller, and the anode of light emitting diode passes through current limliting
Resistance is connected with power supply.When single-chip microcontroller is placed in low level, LED operation, on the contrary extinguish.Main circuit diagram such as Fig. 5 institute
Show.
4. analysis of cases
Assuming that inlet and outlet vehicle arriving rate λ1=1200pcu/h, λ2=200pcu/h, when inlet and outlet MTC number of track-lines is 4
Item, service time are respectively 10.4s and 19.9s, and when toll plaza length is 102m, average queuing vehicle number is respectively import
Lq1=37pcu exports Lq2=2pcu, the open ended maximum queue length L=17pcu in toll plaza meet the item of unilateral congestion
Part, by being calculated as k=2, the L of importq1'=11pcu, the L of outletq2'=7pcu, inlet and outlet do not reach receipts
Take the open ended maximum queue length in square, program finally shows that the inlet and outlet number of track-lines of recommendation is respectively 6 and 2.Journey
Sort run result interface is as shown in Figure 6.
Analyze operation result: the program provides the optimal value of open reversible lame number, so alleviate charge station into
Mouth direction congestion, can effectively improve the service level of charge station.
After reversible lane is open, deflecting should be carried out to reversible lane according to following several situations:
If being interfered to opposed vehicle: when the opposed vehicle queue length that is averaged reaches the open ended maximum row in toll plaza
When team leader spends, the vehicle arriving rate detected at this time should be inputted program, obtain best number of track-lines at this time；If not to opposite vehicle
It interferes: the vehicle arriving rate that one-time detection arrives should be inputted at regular intervals according to local circumstance.As two-way average row
When team leader's degree is not up to the open ended maximum queue length in toll plaza, open reversible lame is closed.
5. affiliated facility
Graticule: on charge station square, the floor line of reversible lane is combined by " V " molded line and double yellow solid lines and is indicated, yellow
Color to alert, " V " molded line to distinguish can not reversible lame, solid line indicate vehicle not may span across.In view of changeable driveway has
Two driving directions indicate double-colored four-headed arrow on the ground, and black indicates original direction of traffic, and yellow indicates reversible lane
Direction of traffic when unlatching, reversible lane floor line are as shown in Figure 7, Figure 8.
Warning light: being arranged warning light above reversible lane, and when certain direction is opened, direction side shows green arrow
Head, the other side are displayed in red cross, and red cross indicates vehicle, and in the lane, the direction, no through traffic, and green arrow indicates vehicle
Allow to pass through in the lane, the direction, remaining lane does not change original display.
In reversible lane isolated column end, setting no through traffic warning light.Point shiny red fork before reversible lane is opened
Shape warning light simultaneously closes off corresponding display screen at ceiling, does not allow to have vehicle entrance again in the lane, to empty at this time not
The vehicle sailed out of, the duration is depending on the length of toll plaza.
Direction board: according to " traffic engineering handbook ", when design speed is in 70~90km/h, direction board having a size of 160 ×
120cm, direction board color are blue bottom, white edge frame, blue lining, and the color of indication character is white.In display on direction board
Hold as shown in Fig. 9-1, Fig. 9-2.
The present invention uses M/G/1 queue theory model, establishes the lane in which the drivers should pay fees number and vehicle arriving rate, service time, charge extensively
Relationship between field length obtains needing open reversible lane number；Using computer programming, realize in vehicle congestion pair
The automatic calculating of reversible lane number, and the automatic control to reversible lane is realized using design of singlechip system technology；
The driving psychology for analyzing driver, using traffic design theory to the floor line, indicator light and mark of reversible toll plaza
Board is designed, and guarantees the safe and efficient operation of reversible lane.
The scope of application: (1) inlet and outlet flow difference is larger in the high speed charge station a certain period, and there are unilateral congestion phenomenons；
(2) high speed charge station land area is limited, it is difficult to increase charging window quantity by enlarging；(3) based on MTC the lane in which the drivers should pay fees,
And unilateral at least two lanes；(4) lane ETC is arranged in the rightmost side.
Currently, most domestic charge station is all provided with ETC the lane in which the drivers should pay fees, ETC the lane in which the drivers should pay fees is unidirectional only under normal circumstances
Setting one, so this programme does not carry out reversible design to ETC the lane in which the drivers should pay fees.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of freeway toll station reversible lane passing control method, for high speed charge station in weekend beginning and end
When, and in the import and export demand imbalance feature that legal festivals and holidays or current free period occur, to high speed charge station part
Lane carries out reversible design, it is characterised in that:
Using MTC charge station as research object, the queuing situation to vehicle in high speed charge station is studied, and establishes M/G/1 queuing
By model, the lane in which the drivers should pay fees number and vehicle arriving rate, service time, the relationship between the length of toll plaza are established, obtains needing to open
The reversible lane number put；
Computer source program is write using computer programming method, passes through input import and export vehicle arriving rate, MTC number of track-lines, clothes
Business time and toll plaza length, program automatic running, automatic calculating when realizing vehicle congestion to reversible lane number；If
Single-chip microcomputer signal control system is counted, realizes the automatic control to reversible lane.
2. freeway toll station reversible lane passing control method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: use
The foundation of M/G/1 Queueing Theory Method meets the actual queue theory model of high speed charge station, and process is as follows:
1) vehicle reaches distribution
The vehicle for reaching charge station in section at any time meets three conditions of Poisson flow (Poisson), that is, the stationarity flowed,
The markov property of stream and the generality of stream, vehicle reach distribution and obey Poisson distribution；
2) numbers distribution in system
To high speed, charge station is investigated, and obtains import service temporal frequency data and outlet services temporal frequency data, vehicle
Inlet and outlet service time equal Normal Distribution；
3) model foundation
Under charge station's jam situation, vehicle is lined up, each charging window is exactly an independent system at this time, while vehicle
It reaches and to obey Poisson distribution, service time Normal Distribution meets the use condition of M/G/1 model；
Every lane averagely reaches vehicle number in unit time:
In formula: λAlways, charge station's import and export vehicle arriving rate, veh/h；λETC, charge station's import and export ETC vehicle arriving rate, veh/
h；K, the import and export number of track-lines in addition to the lane ETC；
Calculate vehicle arriving rate λ when, using formula (2) by traffic form in all kinds of vehicles the volume of traffic be scaled standard automobile hand over
Flux:
Ve=V ∑ PiEi (2)
In formula: Ve, equivalent traffic volume, also referred to as the equivalent volume of traffic, pcu/h；V, the total wheel traffic without conversion, veh/h；Pi, the
The i class vehicle volume of traffic accounts for the percentage of total wheel traffic；Ei, the vehicle conversion factor of the i-th class vehicle；
In same time interval the average arrival number of vehicle with can by the ratio between average of service vehicle be service intensity, formula is such as
Under:
In formula: μ-service rate, pcu/h,T-service time, s；
Survey data is analyzed, the service time desired value and variance of entrance lane, exit lane are obtained, as shown in table 1:
Table 1 service time statistical result
The open ended maximum vehicle queue length in toll plaza:
In formula: L-is in the open ended maximum vehicle queue length in toll plaza, pcu；S-toll plaza length, m；H-phase
The space headway of adjacent two cars, m generally take 6m；
Average queue length:
The L and L found out using above-mentioned formulaq, then it is compared, works as L=LqWhen, charge station reaches the critical point of congestion, at this time
The minimum number of track-lines that need to be opened are as follows:
As L > LqWhen, there is congestion phenomenon in charge station, and the reversible lane number that should be opened is calculated using K ', makes full use of receipts
The inlet and outlet lane for taking station solves unilateral congestion problems；As L < LqWhen, charge station does not occur congestion phenomenon, without open variable
To lane.
3. freeway toll station reversible lane passing control method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
If inlet and outlet do not reach the open ended maximum queue length in toll plaza, or have all been more than maximum queue length,
EP (end of program) at this time, wagon flow are still continued on original charge direction；
Once there is the case where unilateral average queue length is more than the open ended maximum queue length in toll plaza in charge station, at this time
Program voluntarily selects another operation: the number of track-lines in the equal queue length in Yuanping City is changed to corresponding after open k reversible lame
Numerical value, but k value is necessarily less than import and export number of track-lines, and the number of track-lines of change is since 1, with the sequential iteration of natural number, Zhi Daojin
Vehicle queue length relative equilibrium is exported, k value at this time is retained as optimal solution, and the data that this program is finally shown are adjustment
Inlet and outlet number of track-lines afterwards.
4. freeway toll station reversible lane passing control method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: variable
After opening to lane, deflecting should be carried out to reversible lane according to following several situations:
If being interfered to opposed vehicle: when the opposed vehicle queue length that is averaged reaches the open ended maximum length of queue in toll plaza
When spending, the vehicle arriving rate detected at this time should be inputted program, obtain most preferably importing and exporting number of track-lines；
If not interfering to opposed vehicle: whether vehicle arriving rate when should be according to detection judges two-way average queue length
Reach the open ended maximum queue length in toll plaza, if should not up to close open reversible lame.
5. freeway toll station reversible lane passing control method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:
Computer source program is write using computer programming method, automatic calculating when realizing vehicle congestion to reversible lane number, side
Method is as follows；
1) vehicle number that each lane flow amount detector detects in the unit time is inputted, and when inlet and outlet number of track-lines, service
Between and toll plaza length data, calculate average queuing vehicle number；
2) if inlet and outlet do not reach the open ended maximum queue length in toll plaza, or have all been more than maximum length of queue
Degree, EP (end of program) at this time, wagon flow are still continued on original charge direction；Once there is unilateral average queue length in charge station
When maximum queue length open ended more than toll plaza, program voluntarily selects another operation: the equal queue length in Yuanping City at this time
In number of track-lines be changed to corresponding numerical value after open k reversible lame, but k value is necessarily less than import and export number of track-lines, change
Number of track-lines is since 1, with the sequential iteration of natural number, until importing and exporting vehicle queue length relative equilibrium, and k value conduct at this time
Optimal solution is retained, and the data that this program is finally shown are inlet and outlet number of track-lines adjusted.
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| CN112053454A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-12-08 | 四川路桥建设集团交通工程有限公司 | Monitoring system and method for highway toll station |
| CN112446972A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-03-05 | 华南理工大学 | System and method for inducing vehicles to orderly enter toll station |
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| CN109949098A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-06-28 | 山西省交通规划勘察设计院有限公司 | A kind of calculation method of lane in expressway toll gate number |
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| CN112053454A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-12-08 | 四川路桥建设集团交通工程有限公司 | Monitoring system and method for highway toll station |
| CN113160582B (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2022-11-11 | 招商新智科技有限公司 | Highway flow management and control method and system |
| CN113160582A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-07-23 | 招商新智科技有限公司 | Highway flow management and control method and system |
| CN112446972A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-03-05 | 华南理工大学 | System and method for inducing vehicles to orderly enter toll station |
| CN112669627A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-16 | 山西省交通信息通信有限公司 | Toll station monitoring method, toll station monitor and toll station monitoring system |
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