CN108959722A - A method of for on-load tap changer, sensor position optimizes in modal test - Google Patents
A method of for on-load tap changer, sensor position optimizes in modal test Download PDFInfo
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- CN108959722A CN108959722A CN201810594495.3A CN201810594495A CN108959722A CN 108959722 A CN108959722 A CN 108959722A CN 201810594495 A CN201810594495 A CN 201810594495A CN 108959722 A CN108959722 A CN 108959722A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
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Abstract
Sensor position optimizes in modal test method that the invention discloses a kind of for on-load tap changer.The FEM modal analysis and modal that this method is primarily based on on-load tap changer finite element model obtains each order frequency and each first order mode of test model, then using effective independence driving-point residue as optimization method, successive Method is the searching method of optimal measuring point, and iterative cycles are until selecting required amount of measurement points.The present invention has given up traditional KEM method on optimization method, uses improved effective independence driving-point residue；On searching method, traditional direct method is improved, successive Method is proposed.For on-load tap changer, the position optimization of sensor in modal test provides a kind of new method to the present invention, and method is simple and easy, it can be readily appreciated that can be widely applied to other electrical equipments.
Description
Technical field
The present invention designs a kind of optimization algorithm, is related specifically to on-load tap changer sensor position in modal test
The optimization algorithm set
Background technique
On-load tap changer (On-Load Tap Changer, OLTC) is the core component that transformer completes pressure regulation,
Can not only steady load center voltage, and be also contact power grid, adjustment load trend, improve it is indispensable without the distribution of work etc.
Important equipment, its performance condition are directly related to the safe operation of on-load regulator transformer.In order to realize its on-line monitoring with
Fault pre-alarming, it is necessary to grasp its kinetic characteristics.Modal test is the important hand that Structure dynamic characteristics are grasped by research technique
Section, Basic Ways are to obtain the modal parameter of structure using the vibratory response data of sensor acquisition structure, then by analysis.
In modal test, because the quantity of sensor is limited, it is desirable that each sensor, which can acquire, most to be had
The dynamic response data of effect.Therefore whether sensor mounting location rationally by the quality for directly affecting measured signal and can
Enough accurately reflect the vibration performance of measurand.
Summary of the invention
The method that sensor position that the present invention provides a kind of on-load tap changers in mould measurement optimizes.The party
Method obtains each order frequency of test model according to the FEM modal analysis and modal of load ratio bridging switch finite element model first and each rank is shaken
Type, then using effective independence driving-point residue as optimization method, using successive Method as searching method, iterative cycles, until
Find out required amount of measurement points.
(1) laser models
With it is traditional first survey and draw after compared with modeling method with three-dimensional software, laser modeling is not only high-efficient, but also can be with
Avoid mapping error.As long as the density of reflective sheeting is sufficiently high, laser models the error of established geometrical model and practical structures
It can ignore.Established model foundation finite element model is modeled using laser, is avoided geometric error, is improved finite element mould
The precision of type.
(2) sensor position optimization method
For traditional sensor position optimization method using KEM method, basic thought is selection to structural object
The independence of the vibration shape contributes maximum point, so that the spatial resolution of the target vibration shape reaches maximum, it can be made by selection
The maximum point of Fisher information matrix determinant realizes the optimization of sensor position.Its mathematic(al) representation is as follows
Fisher information matrix: F=PTP
Effective independent allocation matrix: Ei=PF-1PT
Wherein P is mass normalisation vibration shape matrix.Effective independent allocation matrix EiIt is a symmetric idempotent matrix, it every
A the elements in a main diagonal represents its corresponding measurement point to the percentage contribution of vibration shape rank of matrix.Value is from 0 to 1, and 0 to represent its right
The order of the target vibration shape is not contributed, and 1, which represents it, contributes maximum to the order of the target vibration shape.In order to enable the measurement point chosen preferably
The target vibration shape for reflecting structure, should preferentially choose the measurement point close to 1.
But there is no consider by the response of selected element for KEM method, it is thus possible to the measurement for selecting some responses low
Point.In order to overcome this defect, effectively independence-driving point residual error method is proposed, i.e., with the effectively independent distribution of the response weighting of each point
Matrix.Because sensor used in modal test generally is acceleration transducer, in particular to the acceleration of each point
Degree response.Its mathematic(al) representation is as follows
Each point acceleration average response:
Weight effectively independent allocation matrix: EA=E (i) × A (i)pingjun
Wherein pi,rFor i point r first order mode, WrFor r order frequency, the points on effectively independent allocation matrix diagonal line are weighted
Value not only illustrates that this is big to the space apportionment ratio of the target vibration shape greatly, and this point response is also big.
(3) searching algorithm
The algorithm of traditional optimal measurement point of search is direct method, i.e., disposable according to allocation matrix diagonal entry size
Select required amount of measurement point position, the advantages of this method is high-efficient, because not needing to recycle, but passes through this side
The measurement point of method selection cannot increase the spatial resolution of all target vibration shapes.This patent is using central cumulate truncation, i.e., often
Secondary circulation all selects one the smallest allocation matrix diagonal entry, then takes out the element, recalculates allocation matrix, so
Circulation is required position until rest position.The measurement point selected with this method can preferably average each first order mode energy
Amount distribution, comprising more modal parameter information, is conducive to the identification of Mode Shape.
Detailed description of the invention:
The laser of Fig. 1 on-load tap changer models:
The finite element model of Fig. 2 on-load tap changer:
The test model of Fig. 3 on-load tap changer:
The optimal measuring point of Fig. 4 on-load tap changer:
Fig. 5 extracts the algorithm flow of Improvement of The Experimental Modal Shape each order frequency and the vibration shape according to finite element model calculated result:
Fig. 6 selects sensor optimal location algorithm flow.
Specific embodiment
(1) its Geometric Modeling is surveyed and drawn and established using load ratio bridging switch of the laser modeling technique to a certain model,
As shown in Figure 1.
(2) on the basis of geometrical model, the finite element model of load ratio bridging switch is established, as shown in Figure 2.
(3) under freedom-free boundary condition, suitable order is set and frequency range carries out modal calculation, saves meter
Calculate destination file.
(4) according to the structure of load ratio bridging switch, the test model of load ratio bridging switch is established, as shown in Figure 3.
(5) test model and finite element model are done into node matching, according to the FEM modal analysis and modal of finite element model, extracted
Each order frequency and each first order mode of test model.
(6) using effective independence driving-point residue as optimization method, central cumulate truncation is the searching method of optimal measuring point,
According to each order frequency of test model and each first order mode, 10 optimal measuring points in test model are selected.As shown in Figure 4.
The method for the geometrical model that the step (1) establishes load ratio bridging switch using laser is.
Sufficient amount of reflective sheeting is arranged on load ratio bridging switch first, is then scanned with scanner, by each point
Location information input computer, handle these information using laser modeling software, obtain the piece body Model of load ratio bridging switch.Root
According to the structure of load ratio bridging switch, reverse modeling is carried out to obtained piece body Model in UG, it is complete to obtain load ratio bridging switch
Geometrical model.
The method that the step (2) establishes load ratio bridging switch finite element model is
Firstly, being boolean to all parts of load ratio bridging switch geometrical model in UG software closes operation, this way phase
It is rigidly connected when in each section to load ratio bridging switch, then, boolean is closed into the geometrical model after operation and imports ANSYS,
Material parameter is assigned to each section of model, selects suitable size of mesh opening, trellis-type carries out subnetting, obtains loaded tap-off and open
The finite element model of pass,
The step (3) does modal calculation to the finite element model of load ratio bridging switch, in the frequency range being concerned about
Each order frequency and each first order mode of load ratio bridging switch.
The step (4) establishes the test model of load ratio bridging switch.Because firmly beating the point of hammering in modal test
It is limited, so needing to remove characterization load ratio bridging switch with limited node and unit.Test model is established firstly the need of root
Apply excitation on which node according to the structure determination of loaded tap-off, by the location information Input Software ICATS of these nodes,
Then suitable unit is selected to connect each node, to establish the test model of load ratio bridging switch.
The step (6) extracts each order frequency ω and the vibration of each rank of test model by the calculated result of finite element model
Type is to realize that the process of algorithm is as shown in Figure 5 by the algorithm that APDL language is write.
The step (7) generates the optimal survey of load ratio bridging switch according to each order frequency and vibration shape matrix of test model
Point position is realized by the program of matlab compiling.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of method that sensor position optimizes in modal test for on-load tap changer, which is characterized in that packet
Include following steps
Step 1: being surveyed and drawn using on-load tap changer of the laser modeling technique to a certain model and establish its geometry and built
Mould.
Step 2: on the basis of geometrical model, the finite element model of load ratio bridging switch is established,
Step 3: under freedom-free boundary condition, suitable order being set and frequency range carries out modal calculation, saves and calculates
Destination file.
Step 4: according to the structure of on-load tap changer, the test model of on-load tap changer is established,
Step 5: test model and finite element model being done into node matching, according to the FEM modal analysis and modal of finite element model, extracted
Each order frequency and each first order mode of test model.
Step 6: using effective independence driving-point residue as optimization method, central cumulate truncation is the searching method of optimal measuring point, root
According to each order frequency and each first order mode of test model, the optimal measuring point in test model is selected.
2. a kind of sensor position optimization in modal test for on-load tap changer according to claim 1
Method, which is characterized in that step 6 selects the optimal survey in test model according to each order frequency and each first order mode of test model
Point comprises the steps of
Step 6.1: row vector M is established, by the number of each node in sequential storage test model from small to large
Step 6.2: establishing variable k, the convenient node serial number that improper position in test model is deleted in iterative cycles
Step 6.3: according to each first order mode of test model, establishing the vibration shape matrix P of test model
Step 6.4: calculating information matrix F, calculation formula is as follows
F=PTP
Step 6.5: calculating effectively independent allocation matrix Ei, calculation formula is as follows
Ei=PF-1PT
Step 6.6: calculating the acceleration average response of each point, calculation formula is as follows
Wherein pi,rIt is i-th of measuring point r first order mode, as PTMiddle i row, the element of r column.Wr is the r order frequency of test model
Step 6.7: calculating and weight effective independent allocation matrix, calculation formula is as follows
EA=E (i) × A (i)pingjun
Step 6.8: judge whether weighting effectively independent allocation matrix the elements in a main diagonal number has met and needs number, if
Meet, then the number for the measurement point that remaining element is as selected in row vector M, circulation terminates；As if not satisfied, if walked
Rapid 6.9
Step 6.9: the smallest element of numerical value weighted in effectively independent allocation matrix leading diagonal is selected, with its column
Number defines k
Step 6.10: deleting in vibration shape matrix P the and see column element, delete k-th of element in row vector M.
Step 6.11: repeating step 6.4 to 6.8.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117313499A (en) * | 2023-11-30 | 2023-12-29 | 国网山东省电力公司枣庄供电公司 | Multi-source sensor arrangement method and system for isolating switch state signals of combined electrical appliance |
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