CN108957335A - A kind of SOC estimation on line method based on all-vanadium flow battery model parameter - Google Patents
A kind of SOC estimation on line method based on all-vanadium flow battery model parameter Download PDFInfo
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- CN108957335A CN108957335A CN201810488252.1A CN201810488252A CN108957335A CN 108957335 A CN108957335 A CN 108957335A CN 201810488252 A CN201810488252 A CN 201810488252A CN 108957335 A CN108957335 A CN 108957335A
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
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Abstract
The SOC estimation on line method based on all-vanadium flow battery mathematical model that the present invention provides a kind of, it is related to technical field of battery management, this method mainly comprises the steps that step 1, obtains estimation parameter, measures the end voltage U in three groups of all-vanadium flow battery operational processO, end electric current IOI is damaged with pumppump, obtain three groups of estimation parameters, step 2 brings the obtained parameter of step 1 into: all-vanadium flow battery equivalent-circuit model mathematic(al) representation is E-UOp‑(Ipump+IO)R1=UOFormula, acquire open-circuit voltage E, the equivalent internal resistance R of all-vanadium flow battery1Equivalent resistance R is lost with ectoparasitism2；Step 3, the resulting data of step 2 are brought into following formula:SOC value is obtained according to calculating in formula；The present invention does not need to detect the open-circuit voltage of all-vanadium flow battery by individually adding a section monocell, but calculates open-circuit voltage using the equivalent-circuit model of all-vanadium flow battery, not only saves the cost of all-vanadium redox flow battery system, and easy to implement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of battery management, are to relate to one kind based on all-vanadium flow battery mould more specifically
The SOC estimation on line method of shape parameter.
Background technique
The non-renewable energy resources reserves such as coal, petroleum, natural gas are increasingly reduced, and the large-scale use of fossil energy causes
A series of safety environment problems.The renewable energy such as wind energy and solar energy have from a wealth of sources, cleanliness without any pollution etc.
Advantage, the new energy such as exploitation wind energy, solar energy have obtained the attention of countries in the world.However illumination and the random fluctuation of wind speed are special
Property and it is intermittent cause the output-power fluctuation of distributed energy power generation larger, greater impact is caused to power grid, influences power grid fortune
Capable stability and power quality.The fast development of energy storage technology in recent years is used on a large scale for distributed power generation and has been provided
Effect approach, energy storage both can smooth active power fluctuation, can also adjust reactive power, from largely solving photovoltaic hair
The fluctuation and stochastic problems of electricity and wind-power electricity generation.
Compared with other energy-storage batteries, all-vanadium flow battery (Vanadium Redox Battery, VRB) has very much
Advantage, for example, scale is big, structure is simple, the service life is long, response is fast, power and volume design independently of each other, can deep discharge, from
Discharge rate is low, environmental-friendly, safe and reliable etc., and balanced load may be implemented, peak load shifting, improve power supply quality and inhibition
Distributed generation resource goes out fluctuation to functions such as electric network influencings, and therefore, it has become one of ideal choses of large-scale energy storage device.
The state-of-charge (State of Charge, SOC) of all-vanadium redox flow battery electrolyte is to indicate battery remaining power
An important parameter, the precise measurement of SOC has the design, maintenance and charge and discharge control of all-vanadium redox flow battery system
Important meaning.Current integration method is that the general SOC estimation method of various energy-storage batteries passes through in vanadium cell operational process
The electricity for entering and exiting battery is accumulated about time integral to electric current, and then estimates the SOC of battery indirectly.The method operation letter
Single, operation is convenient, is limited by pile small.But current integration method is high to current measurement required precision, otherwise will cause SOC survey
Measure error, and error accumulate at any time understand it is increasing.Takahiro Kumamoto is proposed for the pile of real time execution,
A bypass is drawn in positive and negative electrode electrolyte pipeline, and one piece of boosting battery is separately provided, measures the open-circuit voltage of boosting battery,
According to the relationship between all-vanadium flow battery open-circuit voltage E and SOC, to determine the SOC size of battery.This method measures SOC essence
Degree is higher, but cost is also higher, needs independently to go out one piece of battery from all-vanadium redox flow battery system and pipeline is specifically used to survey
Measure battery open circuit voltage, and the monocell and be not involved in charge and discharge operation.Maria Skyllas Kazacos, which is proposed, to be passed through
Detect the current potential of each half-cell electrolytes, and then the independent SOC value for calculating each half-cell.Detecting each half-cell
Electrolyte current potential when, need to place reference electrode in half-cell, however reference electrode current potential can be in extraneous various interference
It is lower to drift about, lead to potential measurement error.In addition, electrolyte potential change is more micro- when SOC changes in a wide range
It is weak, therefore sensitivity is poor.It is all the SOC that all-vanadium flow battery is estimated by the method for physical modeling above, it is close
Year, which has also appeared, some predicts SOC by parameter estimation model and the method for System Discrimination.It wears seapeak and proposes extension karr
The method of graceful filter method estimation SOC, Kalman filtering method have stronger inhibiting effect to noise, have to initialization error very strong
Corrective action, good precision is able to maintain in estimation process.The shortcomings that Kalman filtering method, essentially consists in, estimation essence
Degree is largely dependent upon the accuracy of battery equivalent circuit model, and establishing accurate battery model is algorithm key；Furthermore
The algorithm operation quantity is bigger.Battery SOC, neural network are estimated in T.Weigert proposition by adaptive neural network algorithm
Algorithm can input system, the sample value of output quantity is analyzed, and obtain the relationship between system input, output, simulation
Outside batteries characteristic does not need to establish complicated battery equivalent circuit model, but neural network algorithm needs a large amount of sample number
According to being trained, and influence of the SOC estimation precision vulnerable to training data and training method.
If Figure of description 1 is existing open circuit voltage method estimation battery SOC method, need to be separately provided an open circuit
Monocell and corresponding pipe-line system, calculate the SOC of battery by measuring the open-circuit voltage of the monocell.For large size
Energy-storage system, this will increase additional investment cost, and the monocell is not involved in normal charge and discharge process, and battery utilization rate is low.
In short, there are many research at present about all-vanadium flow battery SOC detection method, some have been applied to engineering reality
It tramples, some are still in theoretical research.In engineering practice, open circuit voltage method is most widely used, it can be seen from the above, open circuit
The precision that voltage method measures battery SOC is high, but requires to add individual boosting battery and accordingly in each pile
Pipeline measures open-circuit voltage, and the all-vanadium flow battery energy-storage system large-scale for one may be made of many a piles,
Whole cost can greatly increase in this way.Therefore, it from the point of view of saving cost, invents a kind of without additional boosting battery
It can obtain battery open circuit voltage and then calculate the problem of method of battery SOC is as urgent need to resolve.
Summary of the invention
Joined it is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of based on all-vanadium flow battery model
Several SOC estimation on line methods, to solve in the prior art, measuring system is complicated, increases the problems such as additional investment cost.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The present invention provides a kind of SOC estimation on line method based on all-vanadium flow battery mathematical model, this method include with
Lower step:
Step 1 obtains estimation parameter
Measure the end voltage U in three groups of all-vanadium flow battery operational processO, end electric current IOI is damaged with pumppump, obtain three groups
Estimate parameter, i.e. UO1、IO1、Ipump1；UO2、IO2、Ipump2；UO3、IO3、Ipump3；
Step 2, open-circuit voltage E, the equivalent internal resistance R for calculating all-vanadium flow battery1Equivalent resistance R is lost with ectoparasitism2；
All-vanadium flow battery equivalent-circuit model mathematic(al) representation are as follows:
E-UOp-(Ipump+IO)R1=UO
(1)
Three groups of estimation parameters that step 1 is obtained bring formula (1) into and obtain following equation:
Wherein: p=R1/R2
Open-circuit voltage E, equivalent internal resistance R are obtained by solving formula (2)1Equivalent resistance R is lost with ectoparasitism2
Step 3, the SOC value for calculating battery
Bring the resulting data of step 2 into following formula:
In formula, N is single battery number contained by all-vanadium flow battery
It is calculated according to formula (3) and obtains SOC value.
The present invention has the advantage that compared with prior art
1) in technical solution of the present invention, end voltage and end electricity electric current when by detection all-vanadium flow battery operation, according to
The equivalent-circuit model of vanadium cell solves the parameters such as open-circuit voltage, the equivalent resistance of battery；
2) in technical solution of the present invention, according to obtained open-circuit voltage above, in conjunction between open-circuit voltage and SOC
Relationship calculates the SOC of battery；
3) it in technical solution of the present invention, does not need to detect all-vanadium flow battery by individually adding a section monocell
Open-circuit voltage, but open-circuit voltage is calculated using the equivalent-circuit model of all-vanadium flow battery, not only save all-vanadium flow
The cost of battery system, and it is easy to implement.
Detailed description of the invention
The all-vanadium redox flow battery system structure chart of Fig. 1 configuration boosting battery；
Fig. 2 all-vanadium redox flow battery system structure chart；
Fig. 3 all-vanadium flow battery equivalent-circuit model；
Under Fig. 4 difference charging and discharging currents density, the ohmic polarization situation of all-vanadium flow battery；
Fig. 5 all-vanadium flow battery experimental provision structure chart.
Specific embodiment
Elaborate below to the embodiment of the present invention, the present embodiment under the premise of the technical scheme of the present invention into
Row is implemented, and the detailed implementation method and specific operation process are given, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following realities
Apply example.
The method for adding boosting battery measurement all-vanadium flow battery SOC is illustrated first, Fig. 1 is configuration auxiliary electricity
The all-vanadium redox flow battery system structure chart in pond.Fig. 2 is all-vanadium redox flow battery system structure chart, and Fig. 1 is compared with Fig. 2, original
On the basis of all-vanadium redox flow battery system, it is additionally arranged pipeline all the way respectively from positive and negative anodes electrolysis liquid pipeline and is connected to one piece of auxiliary
Battery, the boosting battery open running.This method principle is positive and negative anodes electrolyte under the action of circulating pump, through piping stream
Enter the positive and negative anodes of boosting battery and be electrochemically reacted, will form open-circuit voltage E at boosting battery electrode both ends, pass through electricity
Pressure sample circuit can measure the voltage, calculate all-vanadium flow electricity further according to relationship of the formula (3) between open-circuit voltage and SOC
The SOC value in pond.When system operates normally, which is simultaneously not involved in charge and discharge, so that its utilization rate is low.Adding this
It while boosting battery, needs to add two-way pipeline, changes the structure of original pipe-line system, so that entire battery system
Design and construction become complicated, and investment is also increase accordingly.
The system structure of the embodiment of the present invention refers to Fig. 2, vanadium cell equivalent model such as Fig. 3, all-vanadium flow electricity in the system
Pond positive and negative anodes electrolyte is sent by electrolyte circulating pump to be electrochemically reacted into pile, passes through proton exchange membrane and outside
Circuit produces electricl energy, and can carry out charge and discharge to battery.It should be noted that circulating pump is as pile in flow battery system
Load, be powered by pile.
In Fig. 3: the value of open-circuit voltage E (SOC) is influenced by SOC；Rreac、RresIndicate inside battery loss； RfixFor fixation
Loss；IpumpIndicate pump damage；CelecEquivalent capacity between expression electrode.CelecThe main transient characterisitics for influencing battery, mainly shadow
Battery is rung in the dynamic response being charged and discharged in mode fast handover procedures, and in charging process or discharge process, battery
In metastable state, capacitor on the working condition of battery influence compared with
It describes in detail below to the process of the all-vanadium redox flow battery system SOC measurement proposed.
In the present embodiment case, following electrochemical reaction can occur in the battery for the different valence state vanadium ion in electrolyte:
Anode:
Cathode:
Overall reaction:
During above-mentioned chemical reaction carries out, battery plus-negative plate can generate voltage UO, positive and negative anodes are having external circuits
In the case where will will form electric current IO.It can detecte battery terminal voltage U by sensor and sample circuitO, end electric current IOAnd pump
Damage Ipump.Real-time measurement simultaneously saves sampled data, takes 3 groups of data (UO1,IO1,Ipump1)、 (UO2,IO2,Ipump2)、(UO3,IO3,
Ipump3) bring formula into:
E-UOp-(Ipump+IO)R1=UO
(1)
Wherein: p=R1/R2
Available following equation group:
The case where is made by following linear transformation, judges solution for the augmented matrix of equation group (2) [A | b]:
WhenWhen, r (A)=r (B)=3 is non-
Homogeneous equation group has unique solution.For random variable (UO,IO,Ipump), above inequality generally all meet, if calculating
In inequality occur invalid, then re-measure one group of data and bring the inequality left side into and judge whether it is 0 again.When judging
When equation group has solution, formula (3) is continued to make linear transformation, the diagonal entry of the factor arrays A in augmented matrix is turned to 1, it is non-
Diagonal entry turns to 0, and the column vector b of augmented matrix is solution of equations (E, p, R at this time1)。
It should be noted that electrolyte ion intensity and concentration also can constantly change, electrolyte as SOC constantly changes
Equivalent ohmic resistance can also change, as shown in figure 4, the Ohmic resistance of charging process is slightly less than ohm resistance of discharge process
It is anti-, in addition, the size of battery charging and discharging electric current also will affect its equivalent internal resistance.Therefore, it is necessary to consider the calculated result of formula (2)
Whether the variation of in all-vanadium flow battery operational process equivalent internal resistance can be reflected, to ensure the accuracy of calculated result.It is practical
On, U in formula (2)O、IOAnd IpumpIt is that the parameter p and R of the internal resistance of cell are reflected by sensor real-time detection in formula1Also all it is
As equation group variable, therefore calculated result can reflect the variation of equivalent internal resistance in all-vanadium flow battery operational process in real time.
According to V in vanadium cell3 +/V2 +And VO2 +/VO2+Ion concentration and the relationship of SOC simultaneously combine Nernst equation, can be with
The relationship between vanadium cell SOC and its open-circuit voltage E is obtained, as shown in formula (3):
In formula, N is single battery number contained by all-vanadium flow battery.
Bringing the open-circuit voltage E that formula (3) is found out into formula (4) can be obtained the SOC of battery.
Tested for the all-vanadium flow battery SOC estimation method proposed, by with it is existing by measure it is auxiliary
Battery open circuit voltage is helped to estimate the method comparison of SOC, to verify the feasibility of proposed SOC estimation method.Experiment uses
One 2kW/10kWh all-vanadium flow battery device is tested, and structure and parameter is respectively as shown in Fig. 5 and table 1.Experiment
Detect the end electric current I of all-vanadium flow battery respectively in the processO, end voltage UO, pump damage IpumpAnd the open-circuit voltage of boosting battery
Eaux, and data are uploaded to battery management system.The SOC that all-vanadium flow battery management system is proposed according to the present invention first
Evaluation method calculates the SOC of all-vanadium flow battery, is denoted as SOC1.Further according to boosting battery method, by measured boosting battery
Open-circuit voltage EauxSubstitution formula (3) simultaneously enables N=1 calculate the SOC of all-vanadium flow battery, is denoted as SOC2.Experimental result such as 2 institute of table
Show, as can be seen from the table, according to calculated open-circuit voltage values of all-vanadium flow battery model parameter institute and existing auxiliary
Help open-circuit voltage values measured by battery method very close to maximum difference 0.011V；It can also be seen that being mentioned using the present invention
The calculated SOC result of method out and with boosting battery method SOC result calculated very close to, worst error 1.5%,
It can satisfy the requirement of practical application.
1 2kW/10kWh all-vanadium flow battery parameter of table
2 two kinds of SOC estimation method experimental results of table
Note: " the open-circuit voltage calculating value " of " * " mark is converted to open-circuit voltage and E/N on each section monocell.
The method and apparatus of all-vanadium flow battery SOC measurement proposed by the present invention join battery correlation by sample circuit
Number is measured in real time, and the open-circuit voltage of battery is calculated according to the equivalent-circuit model of battery, and formula is recycled to calculate electricity
The SOC in pond.Compared to the conventional method for adding boosting battery measurement battery SOC, the program is guaranteeing SOC measurement accuracy
On the basis of simplify the structure of system, reduce system Construction cost.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
It is familiar with the those skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, the change or replacement that can be readily occurred in, all
It is included within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of SOC estimation on line method based on all-vanadium flow battery mathematical model, which is characterized in that this method includes following
Step:
Step 1 obtains estimation parameter
Measure the end voltage U in three groups of all-vanadium flow battery operational processO, end electric current IOI is damaged with pumppump, obtain three groups of estimation ginsengs
Number, i.e. UO1、IO1、Ipump1；UO2、IO2、Ipump2；UO3、IO3、Ipump3；
Step 2, open-circuit voltage E, the equivalent internal resistance R for calculating all-vanadium flow battery1Equivalent resistance R is lost with ectoparasitism2；
All-vanadium flow battery equivalent-circuit model mathematic(al) representation are as follows:
E-UOp-(Ipump+IO)R1=UO
(1)
Three groups of estimation parameters that step 1 is obtained bring formula (1) into and obtain following equation:
Wherein: p=R1/R2
Open-circuit voltage E, equivalent internal resistance R are obtained by solving formula (2)1Equivalent resistance R is lost with ectoparasitism2
Step 3, the SOC value for calculating battery
Bring the resulting data of step 2 into following formula:
In formula, N is the number of single battery contained by all-vanadium flow battery
It is calculated according to formula (3) and obtains SOC value.
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| CN112858920A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-05-28 | 山西国润储能科技有限公司 | SOC estimation method of all-vanadium redox flow battery fusion model based on adaptive unscented Kalman filtering |
| CN114371408A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-04-19 | 上海玫克生储能科技有限公司 | Estimation method of battery charge state, and extraction method and device of charging curve |
| CN116542166A (en) * | 2023-07-05 | 2023-08-04 | 北京大学 | All-vanadium redox flow battery simulation and optimization method based on input convex neural network model |
| CN117239186A (en) * | 2023-11-10 | 2023-12-15 | 杭州德海艾科能源科技有限公司 | SOH (solid-state oxygen) online evaluation device and method for all-vanadium redox flow battery system |
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| CN109800528A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-05-24 | 辽宁东科电力有限公司 | A kind of mathematical model based on all-vanadium flow battery overload characteristic |
| CN112858920A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-05-28 | 山西国润储能科技有限公司 | SOC estimation method of all-vanadium redox flow battery fusion model based on adaptive unscented Kalman filtering |
| CN114371408A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-04-19 | 上海玫克生储能科技有限公司 | Estimation method of battery charge state, and extraction method and device of charging curve |
| CN114371408B (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2023-06-20 | 上海玫克生储能科技有限公司 | Method for estimating state of charge of battery, method and device for extracting charging curve |
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| CN116542166B (en) * | 2023-07-05 | 2023-09-08 | 北京大学 | All-vanadium redox flow battery simulation and optimization method based on input convex neural network model |
| CN117239186A (en) * | 2023-11-10 | 2023-12-15 | 杭州德海艾科能源科技有限公司 | SOH (solid-state oxygen) online evaluation device and method for all-vanadium redox flow battery system |
| CN117239186B (en) * | 2023-11-10 | 2024-02-06 | 杭州德海艾科能源科技有限公司 | SOH (solid-state oxygen) online evaluation device and method for all-vanadium redox flow battery system |
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