CN108956250A - The continuous hydraulic classiciation sorting unit and its method for separating of particulate matter in a kind of water body - Google Patents
The continuous hydraulic classiciation sorting unit and its method for separating of particulate matter in a kind of water body Download PDFInfo
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- CN108956250A CN108956250A CN201810863053.4A CN201810863053A CN108956250A CN 108956250 A CN108956250 A CN 108956250A CN 201810863053 A CN201810863053 A CN 201810863053A CN 108956250 A CN108956250 A CN 108956250A
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Abstract
The invention proposes a kind of continuous hydraulic classiciation sorting unit of particulate matter in water body and its method for separating.The present invention includes the hydraulic classifier that sequentially connected multistage cross-sectional area is sequentially increased, and hydraulic classifier includes cylinder, and the top of cylinder is equipped with overflow launder, the bottom of cylinder is equipped with deposition bucket, cylinder is connected with water inlet pipe, and overflow launder is connected with outlet pipe, and deposition bucket is connected with discharge pipe；The inside of cylinder is equipped with guide shell, and the bottom of guide shell is equipped with reflecting plate, and water inlet pipe extends to the inside of guide shell, and the bottom of guide shell is additionally provided with water outlet；The present invention gives the method for carrying out particulate matter sorting in water body on the above device.The present invention uses the hydraulic classifier of Unique physical design, and water body upflow velocity is less than the subsidence velocity of particulate matter, and particulate matter deposits in deposition bucket；Conversely, particulate matter then enters next stage hydraulic classifier, and structure is simple, and grading effect is good when water body upflow velocity is higher than subsidence velocity, it is convenient to collect, and the efficiency of separation is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical fields that particulate separation in water body is classified, and particularly relate to a kind of company of particulate matter in water body
Continuous hydraulic classiciation sorting unit and its method for separating.
Background technique
Artificial groundwater recharge can effectively alleviate groundwater resources shortage, surface subsidence and seawater invasion bring and ask
Topic, artificial groundwater recharge, which refers to, to be poured water using inverted well into water-bearing layer.The recycling mode generallyd use have normal pressure recharge and
Pressurization recharge will carry out Hui Yang (drawing water) every certain period in order to guarantee the normal use of inverted well to avoid aqueous Jie
Matter blocking.The blocking of water-bearing media largely limits the efficiency of artificial recharge, or even directly results in the report of recharge facility
It is useless.However, the main reason for causing water-bearing media to block is the presence of particulate matter in recharge water, the particulate matter in recharge water is easy
Lead to physical clogging or the compound blocking of physics-biology of water-bearing media.
The partial size of particulate matter is the key factor for influencing physical clogging in recharge water, it is generally the case that partial size is 1-10 μm
Particulate matter mainly pass through filtering crown_interception and form blocking on the surface layer of water-bearing media, and particulate matter of the partial size less than 1 μm is then
It is easily accessible the inside of water-bearing media, is trapped by the suction-operated of water-bearing media.In addition, the presence of particulate matter also promotes
Toxicity bioassay occurs for water-bearing media, and the important carrier that particulate matter is migrated as nutriment, particle size, which directly affects, to be taken
The ability of band and conveying nutriment, and then determine generation position and the intensity of the toxicity bioassay in water-bearing media.Therefore, right
The partial size progress classification research of particulate matter has a very important significance the blocking for instructing water-bearing media in water body.
Currently, standing sedimentation method is mostly used for the separation of particulate matter in water body, it is main to be carried out using standing sedimentation container
Long-time settlement treatment；This method is long there are the sedimentation time, separation is difficult, collects the shortcomings that complicated and low efficiency, is unable to satisfy
Requirement to the research that water-bearing media in inverted well blocks.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes the continuous hydraulic classiciation sorting unit and its method for separating of particulate matter in a kind of water body, solves existing
There is the sedimentation time length of particulate matter in water body in technology, be difficult to be classified and collect complicated problem.
The continuous hydraulic classiciation sorting unit of particulate matter, technical solution are realized in a kind of water body of the invention
: including hydraulic classifier, the hydraulic classifier is multistage, and the multistage hydraulic classifier is sequentially connected, along water body
On flow direction, the cross-sectional area of the multistage hydraulic classifier is sequentially increased, the mounting height of the multistage hydraulic classifier
Successively reduce；The hydraulic classifier includes the cylinder for particulate separation, and the top of the cylinder is equipped with overflow launder, described
The bottom of cylinder is equipped with the deposition bucket for collecting particulate matter, and the cylinder is connected with water inlet pipe, and the overflow launder is connected with out
Water pipe, the deposition bucket are connected with discharge pipe；The inside of the cylinder is equipped with guide shell, and the bottom of the guide shell is equipped with reflection
Plate, the water inlet pipe extend to the inside of the guide shell, and the bottom of the guide shell is additionally provided with water outlet.
The continuous hydraulic classiciation sorting unit of particulate matter is made of multi-stage water power sorter in water body of the invention, waterpower point
Select device that there is unique structure setting, the cross-sectional area of hydraulic classifier is gradually increased and mounting height gradually decreases, to be fractionated
The water body of sorting passes through water inlet pipe from flowing into guide shell first, and declines along guide shell, under fall on guide shell bottom
On reflecting plate, and under the effect of the baffling of reflecting plate, the inner barrel for particulate separation is entered by water outlet, in cylinder
Inside forms Disengagement zone, and water body to be separated is laminar state in Disengagement zone, and free settling, water body upflow velocity occur for particulate matter
Less than the subsidence velocity of particulate matter, particulate matter is deposited in deposition bucket；Conversely, when water body upflow velocity is higher than subsidence velocity,
Particulate matter then enters overflow launder with water, and enters next stage hydraulic classifier by outlet pipe；Water inlet pipe is in guide shell, in water conservancy diversion
Under the action of cylinder and deflecting plate, the flow velocity of water body becomes slowly gentle, will not generate disturbance, particle to the particulate matter in deposition bucket
Object then realizes separation in Disengagement zone；Its structure is simple, goes out different grains in the bottom separated in synchronization of hydraulic classifier not at the same level
The particulate matter of grade is classified good separating effect, realizes accurately classification and sorting particulate matter, and it is convenient to collect, and the efficiency of separation is high, does not change
The property for becoming particulate matter can be used for the research that particulate matter wet classification separates in the water bodys such as river, reservoir and lake, be people
Since particulate matter causes the research of water-bearing media blockage problem to provide basic material when work recharge.Hydraulic classifier in the present invention
Cross-sectional area refers to its headroom cross-sectional area, is subtracted the cross-sectional area of guide shell by the cross-sectional area of cylinder and is obtained.
The shape of embodiment as one preferred, the deposition bucket is cone or polygonal pyramid shape.Deposition bucket is located at
The bottom of Disengagement zone, the water outlet of guide shell are higher than the upper edge of deposition bucket, under side of the particulate matter along deposition bucket after sinking
It is sliding, and the aggregation in deposition struggles against；The deposition square sheet of paper used for painting or calligraphy of this set just the deposition of particulate matter, gather and collect, it is easy to use.Usually
In the case of, the discharge pipe on deposition bucket is located at the center of the bottom of deposition bucket, and discharge pipe is connected with dump valve, opens dump valve and is
Post-depositional particulate matter can will be made to be discharged along discharge pipe.
Embodiment as one preferred, the shape of the reflecting plate are in cone, polygonal pyramid shape or hemispherical
Any one, the reflecting plate is connect by connecting column with the bottom of the guide shell.Water body falls to reflection along guide shell
On plate, the flow direction of water body is carried out baffling by reflecting plate, and water body is made to enter the cylinder for particulate separation along level of approximation direction
The inside of body, the reflecting plate of this set can preferably change the flow direction of water body；Water outlet is exactly reflecting plate and lead
Connection gap between flow cartridge, design is simple, facilitates processing, using effect is good.Under normal conditions, the cylinder is in cylindrical type
Setting, the overflow launder are arranged in circular ring shape, and the overflow launder includes overflow weir, chassis and baffle, and the chassis is equipped with row
The mouth of a river, the outlet pipe are connect with the discharge outlet.Overflow launder is located at the outside of cylinder, connects in succession with barrel jacket, cylinder is intracorporal
After deposition separation, overflow enters in the groove body that overflow weir, chassis and baffle surround water body, and is flowed out and entered by outlet pipe
Next stage hydraulic classifier.Under normal conditions, the ratio between height of the diameter of hydraulic classifier and cylinder is not more than 3, next stage water
The top of the overflow launder of power sorter not less than upper level hydraulic classifier overflow launder bottom, make water body in the apparatus into
Row gravity flow.
Embodiment as one preferred, the cylinder are equipped with the mounting base that protrusion is arranged on the outside of the cylinder.
Mounting base is arranged in the outside of cylinder, and mounting base can facilitate waterpower point with circular ring shape, polygon or other shapes, the setting of mounting base
The installation for selecting device makes its fixation.
Embodiment as one preferred, the hydraulic classifier include sequentially connected first order hydraulic classifier,
Second level hydraulic classifier and third level hydraulic classifier.Three-level hydraulic classifier can fully meet river, reservoir and lake
The needs of particulate matter wet classification Separation Research in equal water bodys, it is generally the case that the cylinder of hydraulic classifier is arranged in cylindrical type,
The deposition bucket of bottom is arranged in cone setting, overflow launder in circular ring shape, and the diameter of three-level hydraulic classifier is gradually increased, height
It is almost the same, be conducive to the particulate matter for isolating different stage.Of this available three kinds of grades of three-level hydraulic classifier
Grain object meets the research of grade effect in water-bearing media blocking；It is of course also possible to section of connecting after three-level hydraulic classifier
The bigger hydraulic classifier of product, and then can synchronize and obtain that grade is more, the smaller target particles object of partial size.
Embodiment as one preferred further includes header tank, the maximum hydraulic classifier of cross-sectional area and institute
State header tank connection.Header tank is used for the collection of the smallest all particulates of partial size, meanwhile, the setting of header tank can collect surplus
Remaining water body avoids the pollution of ambient enviroment.The mounting height of header tank is less than the installation of afterbody hydraulic classifier
Highly, so that water body, which finally flows automatically, enters header tank.
Embodiment as one preferred further includes high water tank, and the high water tank is connected with height adjustment device,
The high water tank is connect by flowmeter with the smallest hydraulic classifier of cross-sectional area.The smallest waterpower of cross-sectional area point
Device i.e. first order hydraulic classifier is selected to be connected with high water tank, the water body that high water tank treats classification and sorting is rectified, meanwhile,
High water tank makes the water body of sorting to be fractionated form a kind of flowing naturally, under the action of height adjustment device, high water tank pair
The flow velocity of the water body of sorting to be fractionated carries out preliminary coarse adjustment and then under the mating reaction of flowmeter, accurately controls to be fractionated point
The flowing velocity of the water body of choosing.Under normal conditions, the water inlet pipe includes inlet segment and water exit end, the inlet segment and it is described go out
The L-shaped setting of water section, the water exit end are located at the inside of the guide shell.Water inlet pipe enters the inside of guide shell, and slightly to
Lower extension makes the water body into guide shell, slowly flows into guide shell, and flow downward under the guiding function of guide shell, sufficiently
The violent turbulence for avoiding water body, keeps water body flow steady.
Embodiment as one preferred, the high water tank are also connected with distribution reservoir, the high water tank with it is described
Distribution reservoir is connected by delivery pump, and agitating device is equipped in the distribution reservoir.The setting of distribution reservoir and delivery pump is mainly used for mould
Draft experiment prepares the water body containing various concentration particulate matter in distribution reservoir, then, carries out classification and sorting processing respectively, thus
The classification situation for studying particulate matter in different water bodys studies the composition situation of particulate matter in different water bodys.Of the invention is to be fractionated
The water body of sorting can be the water body for being directly derived from river, reservoir and lake etc., and be also possible to prepare under lab contains
The water body of particulate matter.
The continuous hydraulic classiciation method for separating of particulate matter, technical solution are realized in a kind of water body of the invention
: it is carried out on the continuous hydraulic classiciation sorting unit of particulate matter in the water body described in any of the above one, comprising the following steps:
1) water body of sorting to be fractionated is delivered to the smallest hydraulic classifier of cross-sectional area, passes sequentially through the water body of sorting to be fractionated
All hydraulic classifiers, the concentration of particulate matter is not more than 500mg/L in the water body of classification and sorting；2) classification and sorting finishes it
Afterwards, deposit is collected by discharge pipe, the particulate matter after must being classified.
The separation and sorting that the present invention is classified the particulate matter in water body in above-mentioned hydraulic classifier and header tank,
This is a kind of classification and sorting method based on Stokes free settling principle, poor by adjusting water volume flow rate in hydraulic classifier
Different realization sorts the waterpower of particulate matter grade；Present invention employs the particulate matters in continuous waterpower separation water body, it can be achieved that same
The particulate matter for obtaining size fractionated in hydraulic classifier not at the same level is walked, target particles object is efficiently isolated, foot can be obtained
The requirement to particulate matter quantitative aspects occurs for water-bearing media blocking when the particulate matter of amount is to meet research artificial recharge, sufficiently protects
The flow for having demonstrate,proved continuous-stable in hydraulic classifier realizes the target for neatly sub-electing size fractionated by control flow
Grain object.Under normal conditions, the water volume flow rate in guide shell should be not more than 30mm/s, and the diameter of reflecting plate is draft tube diameter
1.35 times, guide shell lower end to the space height between reflection plate surface is 10-30mm, so that water volume flow rate is less than in gap
15mm/s。
Embodiment as one preferred, the water body of the sorting to be fractionated are formulated in distribution reservoir,
Preparation method are as follows: deposit is taken, is placed in 160-240 the polished standard screen, it is wet sieving, collect filtered filtrate；Filtrate is taken,
It is placed in distribution reservoir, water supplement, opens agitating device and be stirred, keep particulate matter mixing complete.Sorting to be fractionated of the invention
Water body can be the water body for being directly derived from river, reservoir and lake etc., be also possible to prepare under lab contains particle
The water body containing particulate matter of the water body of object, extemporaneous preparation can be with the base of water body in inverted well during real simulation artificial recharge
This situation is conducive to the classification situation for studying particulate matter in different water bodys, studies the composition situation of particulate matter in different water bodys, from
And since particulate matter causes the research of water-bearing media blockage problem to provide comprehensive material when for artificial recharge.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: in water body of the invention particulate matter continuous hydraulic classiciation
Sorting unit is made of multi-stage water power sorter, and hydraulic classifier has unique structure setting, the cross section of hydraulic classifier
Product is gradually increased and mounting height gradually decreases, and the water body of sorting to be fractionated passes through water inlet pipe first and flows into guide shell certainly,
And flow downward along guide shell, it flow on the reflecting plate of guide shell bottom, speed is reduced, and is made in the baffling of reflecting plate
Under, the inner barrel for particulate separation is entered by water outlet, forms Disengagement zone, water body to be separated in the inside of cylinder
It is laminar state in Disengagement zone, free settling occurs for particulate matter, and water body upflow velocity is less than the subsidence velocity of particulate matter, particulate matter
It is deposited in deposition bucket；Conversely, particulate matter then enters overflow launder with water when water body upflow velocity is higher than subsidence velocity, and by
Outlet pipe enters next stage hydraulic classifier；Water inlet pipe is in guide shell, under the action of guide shell and deflecting plate, the stream of water body
Speed becomes slowly gentle, and particulate matter realizes separation in Disengagement zone, will not generate disturbance to the particulate matter in deposition bucket；Its structure
Simply, the particulate matter of size fractionated is gone out in the bottom separated in synchronization of hydraulic classifiers at different levels, good separating effect is classified, realizes standard
True ground classification and sorting particulate matter, it is convenient to collect, and the efficiency of separation is high, does not change the property of particulate matter, can be used in river, reservoir
With the research that particulate matter wet classification separates in the water bodys such as lake, since particulate matter causes water-bearing media to block when being artificial recharge
The research of problem provides basic material.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of internal structure of a hydraulic classifier shown in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the enlarged structure schematic diagram of guide shell shown in Fig. 2；
In figure: 1- agitating device；2- distribution reservoir；3- delivery pump；4- high water tank；5- flowmeter；6- first order waterpower point
Select device；The second level 7- hydraulic classifier；8- third level hydraulic classifier；9- header tank；10- water inlet pipe；11- guide shell；12- is anti-
Penetrate plate；13- cylinder；14- overflow launder；15- outlet pipe；16- deposition bucket；17- discharge pipe；18- dump valve；19- mounting base；20-
Fixed frame；21- height adjustment device；22- water outlet；23- connecting column.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment one
Refering to attached drawing 1, attached drawing 2 and attached drawing 3, the continuous hydraulic classiciation of particulate matter sorts dress in a kind of water body of the invention
It sets, including hydraulic classifier, hydraulic classifier is multistage, and multi-stage water power sorter is sequentially connected, along the flow direction of water body
On, the cross-sectional area of multi-stage water power sorter is sequentially increased, and the mounting height of multi-stage water power sorter successively reduces；Waterpower sorting
Device includes the cylinder 13 for particulate separation, and the top of cylinder 13 is equipped with overflow launder 14, and the bottom of cylinder 13 is equipped with for receiving
Collect the deposition bucket 16 of particulate matter, cylinder 13 is connected with water inlet pipe 10, and overflow launder 14 is connected with outlet pipe 15, and deposition bucket 16 is connected with
Discharge pipe 17；The inside of cylinder 13 is equipped with guide shell 11, and the bottom of guide shell 11 is equipped with reflecting plate 12, and water inlet pipe 10, which extends to, leads
The inside of flow cartridge 11, the bottom of guide shell 11 are additionally provided with water outlet 22.The present invention is made of multi-stage water power sorter, waterpower sorting
Device has unique structure setting, and the cross-sectional area of hydraulic classifier is gradually increased and mounting height gradually decreases, based on this support
Gram this free settling principle realizes the classification and sorting of particulate matter in water body, it can be achieved that synchronization obtains in different hydraulic classifiers
The particulate matter of size fractionated efficiently isolates target particles object, and can obtaining enough particulate matters, research is artificial to return to meet
The requirement to particulate matter quantitative aspects occurs for water-bearing media blocking when filling；What it is positioned at water body flow direction front end is cross-sectional area
The smallest hydraulic classifier, then the cross-sectional area of hydraulic classifier is gradually increased, and is finally the maximum waterpower of cross-sectional area point
Select device；Its structure is simple, and grading effect is good, realizes accurately classification and sorting particulate matter, and it is convenient to collect, and the efficiency of separation is high.
Refering to attached drawing 1 and attached drawing 2, in the present invention, the shape of deposition bucket 16 is cone or polygonal pyramid shape.Deposition bucket 16
In the bottom of cylinder 13, the water outlet 22 of guide shell 11 is higher than the upper edge of deposition bucket 16, and the particulate matter after sinking struggles against along deposition
16 side glides, and is gathered；The deposition bucket 16 of this set facilitates the deposition of particulate matter, gathers and collect, and uses
It is convenient.Under normal conditions, the discharge pipe 17 on deposition bucket 16 is located at the center of the bottom of deposition bucket 16,17 row of being connected with of discharge pipe
Valve 18 out, opening dump valve 18 can will be such that post-depositional particulate matter is discharged along discharge pipe 17.In the present embodiment, deposition bucket 16
It is arranged in cone, cylinder 13 is arranged in cylindrical type, and overflow launder 14 is arranged in circular ring shape, and overflow launder 14 includes overflow weir, chassis
And baffle, chassis are equipped with discharge outlet, outlet pipe 15 is connect with discharge outlet.Overflow launder 14 is located at the outside of cylinder 13, with cylinder
13 sockets connect, and the water body in cylinder 13 encloses after deposition separation, by overflow weir outflow into overflow weir, chassis and baffle
At groove body in, and by outlet pipe 15 outflow enter next stage hydraulic classifier.
Refering to attached drawing 2 and attached drawing 3, in the present invention, the shape of reflecting plate 12 is in cone, polygonal pyramid shape or hemispherical
Any one, reflecting plate 12 is connect by connecting column 23 with the bottom of guide shell 11.Water body flow to reflecting plate along guide shell 11
On 12, water body is carried out baffling by reflecting plate 12, and water body is made to enter the cylinder 13 for particulate separation along level of approximation direction
Inside, the reflecting plate 12 of this set can preferably change the flow direction of water body；Water outlet 22 be reflecting plate 12 with lead
Connection gap between flow cartridge 11, design is simple, facilitates processing, using effect is good.In the present embodiment, reflecting plate 12 is in circular cone
Shape setting, the diameter of 12 bottom of reflecting plate are greater than the diameter of guide shell 11, direct along the dirty water body in the inside of guide shell 11
Under fall on reflecting plate 12, reflecting plate 12 baffling effect under, along water outlet 22 flow into cylinder 13, it is direct to avoid water body
Into water outlet 22, impact of the water body to particulate matter in deposition bucket 16 is avoided.
Refering to attached drawing 1, in the present embodiment, hydraulic classifier includes sequentially connected first order hydraulic classifier 6, the second level
Hydraulic classifier 7 and third level hydraulic classifier 8.Three-level hydraulic classifier can fully meet the water such as river, reservoir and lake
The needs of particulate matter wet classification Separation Research in body, it is generally the case that the diameter of three-level hydraulic classifier is gradually increased, length
Almost the same, mounting height gradually decreases, and is conducive to the particulate matter for isolating different stage.This three-level hydraulic classifier can be with
The particulate matter for obtaining three kinds of grades meets the research of grade effect in water-bearing media blocking；It is of course also possible in three-level waterpower
It connects after sorter the bigger hydraulic classifier of sectional area, and then can synchronize and obtain that grade is more, the smaller target particles of partial size
Object.In the present invention, cylinder 13 is equipped with the mounting base 19 that 13 outside of cylinder is arranged in protrusion.Mounting base is arranged in the outside of cylinder 13
19, mounting base 19 can facilitate the installation of hydraulic classifier with circular ring shape, polygon or other shapes, the setting of mounting base 19, make
Its fixation facilitates the setting of its mounting height.
Refering to attached drawing 1, the invention also includes header tank 9, the maximum hydraulic classifier of cross-sectional area is connect with header tank 9.
Header tank 9 is used for the collection of the smallest all particulates of partial size, meanwhile, the setting of header tank 9 can collect remaining water body, keep away
Exempt to cause the pollution of ambient enviroment.The mounting height of header tank 9 is less than the mounting height of afterbody hydraulic classifier, so that water
Body, which finally flows automatically, enters header tank 9.In the present embodiment, the outlet pipe 15 of third level hydraulic classifier 8 is connect with header tank 9, the
Level-one hydraulic classifier 6, second level hydraulic classifier 7 and third level hydraulic classifier 8 are pacified by mounting base 19 thereon respectively
On fixed frame 20, header tank 9 is placed on the ground, and forms a height orderly mounting structure straggly, water body flow is certainly
It is so smooth, without additionally fluctuating and impacting.
Refering to attached drawing 1, the invention also includes high water tank 4, high water tank 4 is connected with height adjustment device 21, high-order water
Case 4 is connect by flowmeter 5 with the smallest hydraulic classifier of cross-sectional area.The smallest hydraulic classifier, that is, the first order of cross-sectional area
Hydraulic classifier 6 is connected with high water tank 4, is stored by the water body that high water tank 4 treats classification and sorting, meanwhile, it is high-order
Water tank 4 makes the water body of sorting to be fractionated form a kind of flowing naturally, and under the action of height adjustment device 21, high water tank 4 is right
The flow velocity of the water body of sorting to be fractionated carries out preliminary coarse adjustment and then under the mating reaction of flowmeter 5, accurately controls to be fractionated
The flowing velocity of the water body of sorting.Under normal conditions, flowmeter 5 selects suspended body flowmeter 5.Refering to attached drawing 2, water inlet pipe 10 includes
Inlet segment and water exit end, inlet segment and the L-shaped setting of water exit end, water exit end are located at the inside of guide shell 11.Water inlet pipe 10 enters
It is extended downwardly to the inside of guide shell 11, and slightly, so that the water body into guide shell 11 is slowly flowed into guide shell 11, and in guide shell
It flows downward under 11 guiding function, substantially avoids the violent turbulence of water body, keep water body flow steady.
Refering to attached drawing 1, in the present invention, high water tank 4 is also connected with distribution reservoir 2, and high water tank 4 and distribution reservoir 2 pass through defeated
It send pump 3 connection, is equipped with agitating device 1 in distribution reservoir 2.The setting of distribution reservoir 2 and delivery pump 3 is mainly used for simulated experiment, is matching
The water body containing various concentration particulate matter is prepared in water tank 2, then, classification and sorting processing is carried out respectively, to study different water
The classification situation of particulate matter in body, studies the composition situation of particulate matter in different water bodys.The water body of sorting to be fractionated of the invention
It can be the water body for being directly derived from river, reservoir and lake etc., be also possible to the water containing particulate matter prepared under lab
Body.
Embodiment two
The continuous hydraulic classiciation method for separating of particulate matter in a kind of water body of the invention is in the water body of embodiment one
It is carried out on the continuous hydraulic classiciation sorting unit of grain object, comprising the following steps: 1) water body by sorting to be fractionated is delivered to cross
The smallest hydraulic classifier of sectional area makes the water body of sorting to be fractionated pass sequentially through all hydraulic classifiers, the water of classification and sorting
The concentration of particulate matter is not more than 500mg/L in body；2) after classification and sorting finishes, deposit, score are collected by discharge pipe 17
Particulate matter after grade.
The separation and sorting that the present invention is classified the particulate matter in water body in above-mentioned hydraulic classifier, this is a kind of
Based on the classification and sorting method of Stokes free settling principle, by adjusting water volume flow rate difference realization pair in hydraulic classifier
The waterpower of particulate matter grade sorts；Present invention employs the particulate matters in continuous waterpower separation water body, it can be achieved that synchronous in difference
The particulate matter that size fractionated is obtained in hydraulic classifier, efficiently isolates target particles object, can obtain enough particulate matters and use
The requirement to particulate matter quantitative aspects occurs for water-bearing media blocking when studying artificial recharge to meet, and has fully ensured that waterpower sorting
The flow of continuous-stable in device realizes the target particles object for neatly sub-electing size fractionated by control flow.
Embodiment three
The present embodiment is a kind of device and sorting that research is sorted for the continuous hydraulic classiciation of particulate matter in the water body of laboratory
Method, the continuous hydraulic classiciation sorting unit of particulate matter is successively distribution reservoir 2 in the water body, is equipped with agitating device in distribution reservoir 2
1, for distribution reservoir 2 for preparing the water body for needing to carry out classification and sorting, distribution reservoir 2 connects high water tank 4 by delivery pump 3, high-order
Water tank 4 is connected with height adjustment device 21, and the side of high water tank 4 is connected by the connection of flowmeter 5 with first order hydraulic classifier 6
It connects, the other side of high water tank 4 also passes through pipeline and connect with distribution reservoir 2, the adjustment for water body capacity in high water tank 4；The
The outlet pipe 15 of level-one hydraulic classifier 6 is connect with the water inlet pipe 10 of second level hydraulic classifier 7, second level hydraulic classifier 7
Third level hydraulic classifier 8 is reconnected, the outlet pipe 15 of third level hydraulic classifier 8 is connect with header tank 9；Wherein, the first order
The height of the cylinder 13 of hydraulic classifier 6, second level hydraulic classifier 7 and third level hydraulic classifier 8 is 20.0cm, and first
The headroom cross-sectional area of grade hydraulic classifier 6 is 19.6cm2, the headroom cross-sectional area of second level hydraulic classifier 7 is 78.5cm2,
The headroom cross-sectional area of third level hydraulic classifier 8 is 314.0cm2。
Method for separating on the continuous hydraulic classiciation sorting unit of the present embodiment particulate matter in above-mentioned water body, including following step
It is rapid:
1) deposit pre-processes: measuring the fresh deposit of 200mL and then, is filling in 200 the polished standard screens
It is shaken and is washed repeatedly in the plastic tub of 2.0L distilled water, can repeatedly measured deposit and shake in the plastic tub washing, to complete
It is wet sieving and pre-dispersed, collect plastic tub in filtrate be used as stoste, and use gravimetric detemination stoste in particulate matter it is dense
Degree；
2) suspension preparation: measuring the stoste containing 4.0g particulate matter, and distribution reservoir 2 is added, distilled water is added, until particulate matter
Concentration is 400mg/L, opens agitating device 1, adjusts the revolving speed of agitating device 1, so that whole particulate matters are thoroughly mixed, makes particle
Object is in the state to suspend, obtains the water body that character is suspension；
3) flow adjust: open delivery pump 3, water body is delivered to high water tank 4, in order to guarantee supply water height of water level and
The suspended state of particulate matter in water body, part water body are back to distribution reservoir 2 by overflow manner, then, are filled by height adjustment
The height for setting 21 adjusting high water tanks 4, flowmeter 5 valve opening in maximum, so that gravity flow is entered first order waterpower point
The flow for selecting device 6 is 100mL/min；Finally, adjusting the valve opening of flowmeter 5 again, make the flow 50.0mL/min of water body；
It in the present invention, is adjusted by height of the height adjustment device 21 to high water tank 4, to complete from high water tank
The coarse adjustment of the water body speed flowed out in 4 completes the flow of the water body flowed out in high water tank 4 under the mating reaction of flowmeter 5
Accurate adjustment；Flow adjustment is based on Stokes formula in the present invention:In formula, Q- design
Flow (m3/s)；S- hydraulic classifier sectional area (m2)；U- minimum target particulate matter sinking speed (m/s)；g-9.81m/s2；ρs-
Suspended particulate substance density (Kg/m3)；ρlSolution density (Kg/m3)；D- minimum target particulate matter diameter (m)；μ-solution is viscous
Coefficient (N × S/m2)；
4) waterpower sorts: the bubble in hose (including water inlet pipe 10 and outlet pipe 15) is connected in remover, so that water
Body gravity flow enters in hydraulic classifiers at different levels and header tank 9；Under conditions of flow is 50.0mL/min and water temperature is 25 DEG C, the
It is deposited respectively in the bottom deposit bucket 16 of level-one hydraulic classifier 6, second level hydraulic classifier 7 and third level hydraulic classifier 8
Grade is 20.6-74.0,10.3-20.6,5.2-10.3 μm of particulate matter, and then deposited partial size in header tank 9 and be less than
5.2 μm of particulate matter；
Certainly, the stream of the water body of the device can also be adjusted during actual separation repeatedly according to isolated particle size
Amount, to obtain the target particles object of size fractionated；
5) particulate collection: after delivery pump 3 stops working, the top for excluding hydraulic classifiers at different levels using siphonage is molten
Then liquid opens the bottom valve of hydraulic classifiers at different levels, deposit is all flushed in beaker, the suspension in header tank 9
Liquid is discarded supernatant after liquid long-time standing sedimentation, deposit is then the particulate matter of target grade；
6) sample saves: target grain size particulate matter being sealed refrigeration, air-dried, freezed according to follow-up study purpose
Drying directly saves wet sample.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: in water body of the invention particulate matter continuous hydraulic classiciation
Sorting unit is made of multi-stage water power sorter, and hydraulic classifier has unique structure setting, the cross section of hydraulic classifier
Product is gradually increased and mounting height gradually decreases, and the water body of sorting to be fractionated passes through water inlet pipe 10 first and flows into guide shell certainly
11, and flow downward along guide shell 11, it flow on reflecting plate 12, speed is reduced, and is acted in the baffling of reflecting plate 12
Under, entered inside the cylinder 13 for particulate separation by water outlet 22, forms Disengagement zone in the inside of cylinder 13, it is to be separated
Water body is laminar state in Disengagement zone, and free settling occurs for particulate matter, and water body upflow velocity is less than the subsidence velocity of particulate matter,
Grain object is deposited in deposition bucket 16；Conversely, particulate matter then enters overflow launder with water when water body upflow velocity is higher than subsidence velocity
14, and next stage hydraulic classifier is entered by outlet pipe 15；Water inlet pipe 10 is in guide shell 11, in guide shell 11 and deflecting plate 12
Under the action of, water volume flow rate becomes slowly gentle, and the particulate matter that will not be deposited in bucket 16 to particulate matter generates disturbance, and particulate matter exists
Separation is realized in Disengagement zone；Its structure is simple, goes out the particulate matter of size fractionated in the bottom separated in synchronization of hydraulic classifiers at different levels,
It is classified good separating effect, realizes accurately classification and sorting particulate matter, it is convenient to collect, and the efficiency of separation is high, does not change particulate matter
Property can be used for the research that in the water bodys such as river, reservoir and lake particulate matter wet classification separates, when being artificial recharge by
The research of water-bearing media blockage problem is caused to provide basic material in particulate matter.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the continuous hydraulic classiciation sorting unit of particulate matter in a kind of water body, it is characterised in that: including hydraulic classifier, the water
Power sorter is multistage, and the multistage hydraulic classifier is sequentially connected, and along on the flow direction of water body, the multistage waterpower is divided
The cross-sectional area of device is selected to be sequentially increased, the mounting height of the multistage hydraulic classifier successively reduces；
The hydraulic classifier includes the cylinder for particulate separation, and the top of the cylinder is equipped with overflow launder, the cylinder
Bottom be equipped with deposition bucket for collecting particulate matter, the cylinder is connected with water inlet pipe, and the overflow launder is connected with outlet pipe,
The deposition bucket is connected with discharge pipe；
The inside of the cylinder is equipped with guide shell, and the bottom of the guide shell is equipped with reflecting plate, and the water inlet pipe extends to described
The bottom of the inside of guide shell, the guide shell is additionally provided with water outlet.
2. the continuous hydraulic classiciation sorting unit of particulate matter in water body according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The shape of the deposition bucket is cone or polygonal pyramid shape.
3. the continuous hydraulic classiciation sorting unit of particulate matter in water body according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The shape of the reflecting plate is any one in cone, polygonal pyramid shape or hemispherical, and the reflecting plate passes through connection
Column is connect with the bottom of the guide shell.
4. the continuous hydraulic classiciation sorting unit of particulate matter in water body according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The cylinder is equipped with the mounting base that protrusion is arranged on the outside of the cylinder.
5. the continuous hydraulic classiciation sorting unit of particulate matter in water body according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The hydraulic classifier includes sequentially connected first order hydraulic classifier, second level hydraulic classifier and third level waterpower
Sorter.
6. the continuous hydraulic classiciation sorting unit of particulate matter in water body according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
It further include header tank, the maximum hydraulic classifier of cross-sectional area is connect with the header tank.
7. the continuous hydraulic classiciation sorting unit of particulate matter in water body according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
It further include high water tank, the high water tank is connected with height adjustment device, and the high water tank passes through flowmeter and cross
The smallest hydraulic classifier connection of sectional area.
8. the continuous hydraulic classiciation sorting unit of particulate matter in water body according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:
The high water tank is also connected with distribution reservoir, and the high water tank is connect with the distribution reservoir by delivery pump, described to match
Agitating device is equipped in water tank.
9. according to claim 1 in water body described in any one of -8 the continuous hydraulic classiciation sorting unit of particulate matter sorting
Method, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
1) water body of sorting to be fractionated is delivered to the smallest hydraulic classifier of cross-sectional area, makes the water body of sorting to be fractionated successively
By all hydraulic classifiers, the concentration of particulate matter is not more than 500mg/L in the water body of sorting to be fractionated；
2) after classification and sorting finishes, deposit is collected by discharge pipe, the particulate matter after must being classified.
10. the method for separating of the continuous hydraulic classiciation sorting unit of particulate matter, feature in water body according to claim 9
It is:
The water body of the sorting to be fractionated is formulated in distribution reservoir, preparation method are as follows: is taken deposit, is placed in 160-
It is wet sieving in 240 the polished standard screens, collect filtered filtrate；Filtrate is taken, is placed in distribution reservoir, water supplement opens stirring
Device is stirred, and keeps particulate matter mixing complete.
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| CN113304664A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-27 | 广州蓝涛水处理有限公司 | Emulsification device optimized through high-frequency ultrasonic action and laminar flow sedimentation |
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Application publication date: 20181207 |