CN108956079B - Protective clothing impact testing machine - Google Patents

Protective clothing impact testing machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108956079B
CN108956079B CN201810924420.7A CN201810924420A CN108956079B CN 108956079 B CN108956079 B CN 108956079B CN 201810924420 A CN201810924420 A CN 201810924420A CN 108956079 B CN108956079 B CN 108956079B
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sample
sensor
arm
flying
chassis
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CN108956079A (en
Inventor
张一心
姚穆
孙润军
张雪波
邱学明
张炳杰
张国权
于召光
刘欢
张文斌
杜显娟
董庚良
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Laizhou Electron Instrument Co ltd
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Laizhou Electron Instrument Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M7/00Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
    • G01M7/08Shock-testing

Abstract

The invention relates to a protective clothing impact testing machine, wherein a sliding table which slides back and forth relative to a chassis is arranged on the chassis, a support seat is arranged on the sliding table, and a sample rack for accommodating a dummy model is arranged on the support seat; one side of the bracket seat is connected with the sample rack through a hinge shaft, and the other side is provided with an angle lock for fixedly connecting the sample rack; a guide rod is arranged between the chassis and the top plate, and penetrates through the flying-falling arm to restrict the running track of the flying-falling arm; the flyoff arm is provided with a cutter for dropping and piercing the sample. The whole body of the model can be rotationally fixed for 360 degrees, and the upper and lower positions of the human body parts can be adjusted to meet the penetration angle of human organs within the range of 0-45 degrees; in the process of placing the sample by an operator, the test knife is provided with a multiple protection mechanism, so that people cannot be injured by accidental falling; in the process of puncturing the test cutter, the cutter is directionally dropped and positioned accurately.

Description

Protective clothing impact testing machine
Technical Field
The invention relates to a protective clothing impact test device. The device is mainly used for performing penetration tests of the tested cutters of the protective clothing at different angles within the range of 0-45 degrees with different weights and different heights.
Background
The existing test instrument for the penetration of protective clothing by a test knife has simpler structure and function, firstly, a puncture-proof clothing sample is fixedly arranged on a backing material in a bracket with the angle of 0 DEG or 45 DEG, and then, a test knife with a specified weight is released at a specified height to perform puncture-proof performance test. The concrete structure comprises: the stand column is arranged on the instrument stand to form a supporting host frame; the upper end of the frame extends out of a cross arm, and a test cutter is hung on the cross arm; a backing material is disposed in the housing support and the sample is secured to the backing material. During the test, the test cutter is released, the cutter freely falls to penetrate into the stab-resistant clothing sample, and the stab-resistant performance of the stab-resistant clothing is detected through the test.
The existing test instrument has the following defects: the free falling process of the cutter is not restricted, is easily influenced by various factors, can accidentally fall to hurt people or splash to hurt people, and has poor accuracy of the penetrating position; the stent is only at two angles of 0 degrees or 45 degrees, and is lack of representativeness in more directions, so that the position adjustability of the backing material is poor, and the true organ part is difficult to simulate.
Most of the existing devices and methods for studying or detecting similar process parameters have the following disadvantages:
1. the detailed recording process can only be performed at low speeds, such as a durometer;
2. either at high speed, only phenomena such as high-speed photography can be observed, or only results can be detected, or only results can be obtained with relatively low accuracy, as in patent CN101509856B;
3. the method can detect at a higher speed, but can only acquire deformation parameters through data integration obtained by an acceleration sensor, such as a deduction method in patent CN102692353B, which brings great possibility of errors in calculation;
4. can be detected at high speed and with high accuracy, but at high cost, such as laser grating interferometry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of providing a protective clothing impact testing machine, which has the advantages of first, better positioning accuracy and equipment safety; secondly, the sample support can be adjusted within the range of 0-45 degrees; thirdly, the stab-resistant clothing can be worn on a dummy model body, and the human organ part and the whole sample azimuth can be used as test points; fourth, with the relatively simple structure, realize receiving the deformation of impact sample micron level in the time of record millisecond or less, and carry out the domain record, provide basic data for further obtaining impact consumption energy fluctuation, deformation and hinder the curve.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a protective clothing impact testing machine, includes the chassis, is equipped with the frame on the chassis, and the roof dish is installed to the upper end of frame, still includes winch system, and winch system's hoist cable is connected with movable cross beam, and movable cross beam is connected with the flight arm through the electromagnetic lock, and protective clothing impact testing machine still includes the controller, and the controller is connected with the computer through the signal line, its characterized in that: the chassis is provided with a sliding table which slides back and forth relative to the chassis, the sliding table is provided with a support seat, and the support seat is provided with a sample rack for accommodating the dummy model; one side of the bracket seat is connected with the sample rack through a hinge shaft, and the other side is provided with an angle lock for fixedly connecting the sample rack; a guide rod is arranged between the chassis and the top plate, and penetrates through the flying-falling arm to restrict the running track of the flying-falling arm; the flyoff arm is provided with a cutter for dropping and piercing the sample.
Two parts of the sample rack are used for being connected with the angle lock, and when the two parts are connected with the angle lock, the included angles between the trend of the sample rack and the horizontal plane are respectively 0 degree and 45 degrees.
A section of arc-shaped groove taking the hinge shaft as the center of a circle is formed in the sample rack, and two end points of the arc-shaped groove correspond to positions where the trend of the sample rack and the included angle between the horizontal plane are 0 degrees and 45 degrees respectively.
A sensor connected with the controller is arranged on the cutter or the flying arm, and the sensor is an acceleration sensor; the flying arm is provided with a reflecting element connected with the controller, and a laser displacement sensor connected with the controller is arranged below the reflecting element; the laser displacement sensor is connected to the external foundation through a mounting rack; and a shock absorber is arranged on the basis.
The flying-off arm is provided with a safety lock column, the movable cross beam is connected with a safety lock chain, and the free end of the safety lock chain is used for being hung on the safety lock column.
The sliding table comprises an upper wedge-shaped sliding block and a lower wedge-shaped fixed block which are matched with each other, a screw rod is further arranged in the middle of the sliding table, and the outer end of the screw rod is connected with a hand wheel; the upper wedge-shaped sliding block is connected with the bracket seat, the upper wedge-shaped sliding block is also connected with a sliding block, the sliding block is sleeved on the lead screw through an internal thread, and the lower wedge-shaped fixed block is fixed on the chassis.
The flying arm is provided with a lubrication seat, the movable cross beam is provided with a linear bearing, and the guide rod sequentially penetrates through the linear bearing and the lubrication seat from top to bottom.
A position sensor is arranged on the movable cross beam, and a height positioning sensor matched with the position sensor is arranged on the frame; a speed sensor is arranged on one side of the flying arm, and a speed sensor matched with the speed sensor is arranged on the frame; the position sensor and the speed sensor are respectively connected with the controller in a signal way.
The sensor is an upper force sensor for detecting the acting force value of the test tool; a lower force sensor is arranged between the bracket seat and the sample rack; the lower force sensor is in signal connection with the controller.
The dummy model is provided with a sample fixing hole, and the sample frame is provided with a fixing belt hole; the dummy model is fixed on the sample rack through the fixing belt holes or the fixing belts of the fixing holes.
The invention has the positive effects that:
the sample rack can move back and forth, the whole body of the model can be rotated for 360 degrees to fix, and the upper and lower positions of the human body part can be adjusted so as to meet the penetration angle of the human body organ within the range of 0-45 degrees; in the process of placing the sample by an operator, the test knife is provided with a multiple protection mechanism, so that people cannot be injured by accidental falling; in the process of puncturing the test cutter, the cutter is directionally dropped and positioned accurately.
Since the damage to the material caused by impact often occurs in the period of milliseconds or even microseconds, the most important initial stages such as crack initiation during the deformation of the material to complete damage are often in the micrometer scale, and the speed is also mostly above 10 meters/second. The device of the invention realizes the purpose of recording the micron-level deformation of the impact sample within millisecond with relatively low price, and simultaneously carries out domain recording, thereby providing basic data for further obtaining the impact consumption energy fluctuation and deformation blocking curve.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a mechanism for detecting impact deformation of a material according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the embodiment of the invention comprises a chassis 2, and four corners of the lower side of the chassis 2 are respectively provided with an adjustable machine foot 1 for leveling. Four frames 3 are arranged on the upper side of the chassis 2, a top plate 20 is arranged at the upper end of the frames 3, and a control box 21 is arranged on the top plate 20.
The upper side surface of the chassis 2 is provided with a sliding table 4 which slides back and forth relative to the chassis 2, the sliding table 4 is provided with a bracket seat 5 which moves back and forth synchronously with the sliding table 4, and the bracket seat 5 is provided with a sample rack 6 for accommodating a dummy model 29.
The sliding table 4 comprises an upper wedge-shaped sliding block and a lower wedge-shaped fixed block which are matched with each other, a screw rod is further installed in the middle of the sliding table 4, and the outer end of the screw rod is connected with a hand wheel. The upper wedge-shaped sliding block is connected with the bracket seat 5, the upper wedge-shaped sliding block is also connected with a nut, the nut is sleeved on the screw rod, and the lower wedge-shaped fixed block is fixed on the chassis 2.
When the hand wheel is rocked, the screw rod rotates and drives the upper wedge-shaped sliding block to move back and forth through the nut, so that the support seat 5 is driven to move back and forth, and displacement of the sample frame 6 and the sample is realized.
One side of the support seat 5 is connected with the sample rack 6 through a hinge shaft 10, and the other side is provided with an angle lock 8 for fixedly connecting a certain angle part of the sample rack 6. There are usually two parts of the sample holder 6 for connection to the angle lock 8, and when the two parts are connected to the angle lock 8, the sample holder 6 forms an angle of 0 ° and 45 ° with the horizontal plane, respectively. The invention can also design the part as a section of arc-shaped groove 9 taking the hinge shaft 10 as the center of a circle, two end points of the arc-shaped groove 9 correspond to the positions of the sample frame 6 with the included angles of 0 degrees and 45 degrees respectively, and meanwhile, the sample frame 6 can realize the fixation at any angle point between 0 degrees and 45 degrees.
A guide rod 7 is arranged between the chassis 2 and the top plate 20, a flying-off arm 15 capable of sliding up and down along the guide rod 7 is arranged on the guide rod 7, a cutter 12 for dropping a puncture sample is arranged on the flying-off arm 15, and the flying-off arm 15 and the cutter 12 drop under the guide of the guide rod 7.
The embodiment of the invention also comprises a hoisting system, wherein the hoisting system comprises a power device and a control device which are arranged in the control box 21, a hoisting cable 19 of the hoisting system is connected with a movable cross beam 17 positioned above the flying-off arm 15, and the movable cross beam 17 and the flying-off arm 15 are mutually connected through an electromagnetic lock 16.
The fly-off arm 15 is very sharp with the knife 12 mounted, and once the fly-off arm 15 is accidentally dropped while the operator is holding the sample, the knife 12 may cause injury to the operator. In order to prevent the flying-off arm 15 from accidentally falling, the safety performance of the device is further improved, and a safety chain mechanism is additionally arranged between the movable cross beam 17 and the flying-off arm 15. The specific structure of the safety chain mechanism is as follows: the safety lock column 25 is arranged on the flying-off arm 15, the safety lock chain 23 is connected to the movable cross beam 17, the free end of the safety lock chain 23 can be hung on the safety lock column 25, a groove is arranged on the cylindrical wall of the safety lock column 25, when the chain buckle of the safety lock chain 23 enters the safety lock column 25, the safety lock column can be firmly clamped, and the safety lock is not released manually, so that firm locking is realized.
In order to prevent the flying-off arm 15 from carrying the cutter to accidentally fall when the electromagnetic lock 16 fails, in order to achieve the purpose of minimizing the running resistance of the flying-off arm 15 and the movable cross beam 17, the flying-off arm 15 is provided with a lubrication base 14, the movable cross beam 17 is provided with a linear bearing 18, and the guide rod 7 sequentially passes through the linear bearing 18 and the lubrication base 14 from top to bottom.
A position sensor 24 is fixedly installed on the movable cross beam 17, and correspondingly, a height positioning sensor 22 matched with the position sensor 24 is installed on the frame 3, and the position sensor 24 automatically stops when sensing the height positioning sensor 22.
A speed sensor 27 is mounted on the fly-off arm 15 side, and a speed sensor 26 is mounted on the frame 3 in association with the speed sensor 27. When the drop arm 15 falls downwardly, the instrument senses the instantaneous speed of operation of the drop arm 15 when the speed sensor 27 senses the speed sensor 26.
Embodiments of the present invention also include a controller mounted in the control box 21, to which the position sensor 24 and the speed sensor 26 are respectively signal-connected.
The test tool 12 is mounted with a force sensor as a sensor 13 for detecting the force value of the test tool 12. A lower force sensor 28 is installed between the holder 5 and the sample rack 6. The upper and lower force sensors 28 will signal the force value to the controller when the fly-off arm 15 is dropped with the tool 12 into the sample. The upper and lower force sensors 28 are respectively in signal connection with the controller. The upper force sensor, the lower force sensor 28, the position sensor 24 and the speed sensor 26 measure signals and transmit the signals to the controller, the controller is connected with a component computer through a signal wire, and the controller commands the hoisting system to complete the descending and lifting of the movable cross beam 17 under the instruction of the computer, and controls the electromagnetic lock 16 to release the flying arm 15 to fall downwards.
The flying arm 15 drives the cutter 12 to fall, the cutter 12 pierces the sample worn on the model 29, and when the tip of the cutter 12 contacts the sample and stops piercing the sample, the upper force sensor and the lower force sensor 28 transmit the collected force value signals to the controller.
The dummy model 29 is provided with a sample fixing hole 11, and the sample holder 6 is provided with a fixing belt hole 31. The dummy model 29 is fixed to the sample holder 6 by the fixing band 30 passing through the fixing band hole 31 or the fixing hole 11.
In the test, the finished product puncture-proof garment serving as a sample is worn on a body of the dummy model 29, the dummy model 29 can be placed on the sample frame 6 at any angle by 360 DEG rotation around the body according to the test point requirement, the dummy model 29 is fixed by hanging the fixing belt 30 in the fixing belt hole 31, and the dummy model 29 is firmly fixed under the restriction of the baffle plate under the sample frame 6 and the fixing belt 30 around the body. The fixed finished product puncture-proof clothing sample can move back and forth under the action of the sliding table 4. If necessary, the sample may be fixed by hanging the fixing tape 30 into the sample fixing hole 11. And fixing the puncture-preventing clothing sample after adjusting the position of the sample, wherein any point of the puncture-preventing clothing sample can be selected as an accurate puncture point.
The height of the height positioning sensor 22 of the present invention is adjustable so that the drop height is arbitrarily adjustable within the highest drop height range of the instrument. Allowing the test worker to obtain detection of penetration of the protective garment at different initial heights of the knife 12.
The speed sensor 26 of the present invention is height adjustable to measure any height tool travel speed value within a drop height range. When the speed sensor 26 is adjusted to a certain height, and the speed sensor 27 senses the speed sensor 26 when the flyoff arm 15 falls, the instrument can measure the falling speed of the flyoff arm 15 adjusted to the height: allowing the test worker to obtain gravitational acceleration values for different heights of the tool 12. The speed at which the fly-off arm 15 falls is then the speed at which the knife 12 falls.
The upper force sensor and the lower force sensor 28 respectively transmit the collected force value signals to the controller, so that a tester can better analyze the change condition of the impact force value of the protective clothing after being penetrated by the cutter 12.
The sensor 13 may also be an acceleration sensor; the flying-off arm 15 is provided with a reflecting element 32 connected with the controller, and a laser displacement sensor 33 connected with the controller is arranged below the reflecting element 32; wherein the laser displacement sensor 33 is connected to the external base 34 through a mounting frame; a shock absorber is mounted on the foundation 34.
As shown in fig. 3, the reflecting plane of the reflecting element 32 is in or approximately in a geometric vertical plane relationship with the beam emitted by the laser displacement sensor 33, and the geometric center thereof coincides or approximately coincides with the beam emitted by the laser displacement sensor 33. In the test, the laser displacement sensor 33 and the reflecting element 32 obtain real-time data and send the data to the controller, the controller obtains related data and the computer component to exchange data, and the computer component obtains the real-time distance between the cutter 12 and the sample; the flyer arm 15 pushes the cutter 12 to be released and then runs along the guide rod 7 in a straight line, and the running is usually a free falling process of gravitational acceleration, and also can be a variable speed or acceleration process. In the test state, the running direction points to the test point of the sample, the sample is placed on the sample rack 6, the basic plane center of the test point of the sample is positioned at or near the impact axis of the cutter 12, and the connecting line of the mass center of the cutter 12 and the mass center of the flying-off arm 15 is parallel to the running direction of the flying-off arm 15.
To avoid vibrations interfering with the test data, the laser displacement sensor 33 is mounted on the external base 34 in a flexible connection, and the external base 34 takes shock-absorbing measures, such as mounting a shock absorber on the external base 34.
In order to meet the requirement that the surface of the sample holder 6 corresponding to the running direction of the fly-off arm 15 can be accurately tested, the plane on which the sample is placed on the sample holder 6 may be a cylindrical surface or other curved surface. In order to meet the requirement of accurately testing the surface of the sample rack 6 in the rotating direction, the sample rack 6 can be subjected to three-dimensional rotation adjustment according to different testing requirements, so that a tangential plane of a point of the sample, which is penetrated by the central running axis of the cutter 12, and the central running axis of the cutter 12 form a required angle, and a tester can conveniently observe and evaluate the damage process of different incident angles to materials. In the test, the analog data obtained by the laser displacement sensor 33 and the acceleration sensor are synchronously received and processed by the controller.
After the fly-off arm 15 is released, the cutter 12 is pushed to run on a preset running track toward the sample placed on the sample holder 6 in a preset manner, and the laser displacement sensor 33 converts the angle or time difference obtained after the light beam is emitted and reflected by the reflecting element 32 into displacement information between the laser displacement sensor 33 and the reflecting element 32. When the cutter 12 contacts the surface of the sample, the acceleration sensor obtains an acceleration signal of the contact of the impact head and the surface of the sample, the starting time of the signal is used as a limit, and the controller can calculate the speed of the cutter 12 at the moment before the cutter contacts the sample.
When the material is subjected to impact test, the cutter 12 is lifted to a specified height under the drive of the flying-off arm 15, and when the material is tested, the flying-off arm 15 is released, and the flying-off arm 15 drives the cutter 12 to linearly drop under the constraint of the guide rod 7 so as to orient the impact sample. During the impact of the sample by the tool 12, the displacement sensor 34 and the reflecting element 32, the acceleration sensor detect real-time data of the running speed of the tool 12 and transmit these data to the controller; when the cutter 12 contacts the sample, the controller obtains a signal and sends the signal to the computer component to monitor and record the signal as a sample impact initial point until the impact of the cutter 12 on the sample stops, the impact displacement and time information of the sample are transmitted to the computer component through the impact force measured by the controller, and the physical quantity of other dimensions related to quality is obtained after the data processing of the computer component.
The time/speed data obtained by the invention is divided into a front part and a rear part: a. the first time data from the release start of the flyaway arm 15 to the cut-off of the contact of the cutter 12 with the sample is sent to the computer component through the controller to obtain the speeds of different time periods in the first time; b. the time/speed information when the tool 12 contacts the sample is set as zero point, and the displacement between the laser displacement sensor 33 and the reflecting element 32 is calculated into the deformation amount after the impact of the material, based on this, the deformation amount is further converted by the computer component, and the physical quantities of other dimensions related to the displacement and quality in different time periods from the time when the tool 12 contacts the sample to the time when the tool 12 is blocked by the sample are obtained.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a protective clothing impact testing machine, includes chassis (2), is equipped with frame (3) on chassis (2), and roof dish (20) are installed to the upper end of frame (3), still includes winch system, and winch system's hoist cable (19) are connected with movable cross beam (17), and movable cross beam (17) are connected with through electromagnetic lock (16) and fly down arm (15), and protective clothing impact testing machine still includes the controller, and the controller is connected with computer subassembly through the signal line, its characterized in that: a sliding table (4) which slides back and forth relative to the chassis (2) is arranged on the chassis (2), a support seat (5) is arranged on the sliding table (4), and a sample rack (6) for accommodating a dummy model (29) is arranged on the support seat (5); one side of the bracket seat (5) is connected with the sample rack (6) through a hinge shaft (10), and the other side is provided with an angle lock (8) for fixedly connecting the sample rack (6); a guide rod (7) is arranged between the chassis (2) and the top disc (20), and the guide rod (7) passes through the flying-off arm (15) to restrict the running track of the flying-off arm (15); a cutter (12) for dropping the puncture sample is arranged on the flying-falling arm (15);
a sensor (13) connected with a controller is arranged on the cutter (12) or the flying arm (15), and the sensor (13) is an acceleration sensor; a reflecting element (32) connected with the controller is arranged on the flying arm (15), and a laser displacement sensor (33) connected with the controller is arranged below the reflecting element (32); wherein the laser displacement sensor (33) is connected to the external base (34) through a mounting frame; a shock absorber is arranged on the external foundation (34);
a position sensor (24) is arranged on the movable cross beam (17), and a height positioning sensor (22) matched with the position sensor (24) is arranged on the frame (3); a speed sensor (27) is arranged on one side of the flying arm (15), and a speed sensor (26) matched with the speed sensor (27) is arranged on the frame (3); a position sensor (24) and a speed sensor (26) are respectively in signal connection with the controller.
2. The protective garment impact tester of claim 1, wherein: two parts of the sample rack (6) are used for being connected with the angle lock (8), and when the two parts are connected with the angle lock (8), the included angles between the trend of the sample rack (6) and the horizontal plane are respectively 0 DEG and 45 deg.
3. The protective garment impact tester of claim 1, wherein: a section of arc-shaped groove (9) taking the hinge shaft (10) as a circle center is formed in the sample frame (6), and two end points of the arc-shaped groove (9) correspond to positions where the trend of the sample frame (6) and the included angle of the horizontal plane are 0 degrees and 45 degrees respectively.
4. A protective garment impact tester as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein: a safety lock column (25) is arranged on the flying arm (15), a safety lock chain (23) is connected to the movable cross beam (17), and the free end of the safety lock chain (23) is used for being hung on the safety lock column (25).
5. A protective garment impact tester as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein: the sliding table (4) comprises an upper wedge-shaped sliding block and a lower wedge-shaped fixed block which are matched with each other, a screw rod is further arranged in the middle of the sliding table (4), and the outer end of the screw rod is connected with a hand wheel; the upper wedge-shaped sliding block is connected with the bracket seat (5), the upper wedge-shaped sliding block is also connected with a sliding block, the sliding block is sleeved on the lead screw through an internal thread, and the lower wedge-shaped fixed block is fixed on the chassis (2).
6. A protective garment impact tester as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein: the flying arm (15) is provided with a lubrication seat (14), the movable cross beam (17) is provided with a linear bearing (18), and the guide rod (7) sequentially penetrates through the linear bearing (18) and the lubrication seat (14) from top to bottom.
7. A protective garment impact tester as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein: the sensor (13) is an upper force sensor for detecting the acting force value of the test tool (12); a lower force sensor (28) is arranged between the bracket seat (5) and the sample rack (6); the lower force sensor (28) is in signal connection with the controller.
8. A protective garment impact tester as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein: the dummy model (29) is provided with a sample fixing hole (11), and the sample frame (6) is provided with a fixing belt hole (31); a dummy model (29) is fixed to the sample holder (6) by a fixing band (30) passing through the fixing band hole (31) or the fixing hole (11).
CN201810924420.7A 2018-08-14 2018-08-14 Protective clothing impact testing machine Active CN108956079B (en)

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CN108956079B true CN108956079B (en) 2024-02-06

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CN113514218A (en) * 2021-07-13 2021-10-19 中国建筑第四工程局有限公司 Test method and test system of intelligent protective clothing

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