CN108955660B - Deviation detection method - Google Patents
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- CN108955660B CN108955660B CN201810347539.2A CN201810347539A CN108955660B CN 108955660 B CN108955660 B CN 108955660B CN 201810347539 A CN201810347539 A CN 201810347539A CN 108955660 B CN108955660 B CN 108955660B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
- G01C15/02—Means for marking measuring points
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- G01C15/08—Plumbing or registering staffs or markers over ground marks
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of construction detection, and particularly provides a deviation detection method. The driving mechanism is arranged on the detection frame, the control mechanism and the light reflecting piece are connected with the driving mechanism, and the horizontal position of the light reflecting piece in the horizontal state is adjusted through the driving mechanism. The total station is matched with the reflector to determine the horizontal center of the pile casing, and the control mechanism is arranged at a position close to the inner wall of the pile casing in the detection frame for an operator to operate the control mechanism around the pile casing. Through prepare and install the installation that detects piece, horizontality are adjusted and thick, the installation of accurate calibration center position uses the flow, need not operating personnel and stands on protecting the section of thick bamboo, ensures its safety, and in the testing process, the testing stand can not take place to warp moreover, improves and detects the accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of construction detection, and particularly relates to a deviation detection method.
Background
With the rapid development of market economy, the urbanization process of various regions is accelerated continuously, and a large amount of traffic infrastructures such as highways, high-speed railways and urban rails are continuously worked and constructed in order to meet the requirements of rapid development of economy and convenience for life and travel of people. The pile foundation is widely adopted as the most effective way for improving the bearing capacity of the foundation when the bridge is opened along mountains and bridged in water, and is generally divided into a cast-in-situ bored pile and a precast pile. The cast-in-situ bored pile accounts for about 70% of the weight of the pile foundation construction, and the mud arm protection operation is the current main operation mode in China.
Before the construction of a pile foundation, a steel pile casing needs to be embedded, and whether the position of the steel pile casing meets the drilling requirement or not needs to be detected. At present, a commonly used deviation detection method is that a platform is erected at a casing mouth by using a wood board or channel steel, lofting is carried out on the center of a pile foundation on the platform, whether the distance between the casing and the center of the pile foundation meets the requirement is checked, and on one hand, the lofting carried out on the platform when a technician stands on the platform can cause the deformation of the platform and influence the detection accuracy; on the other hand, the pile casing has the characteristics of large caliber, hollow and deep burying, and technicians stand on the platform to operate and can fall into the hole by accident, so that the pile casing is very dangerous.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a deviation detection method, which aims to solve the technical problems that the detection precision is low and the safety of detection technicians cannot be ensured in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a deviation detecting method is provided for detecting whether a casing is deviated. The deviation detection method comprises the following steps:
a preliminary detection device: preparing an offset detection device, wherein the offset detection device is used for being matched with a total station to calibrate the horizontal center of the upper port of the pile casing, the deviation detection device comprises a detection frame with a reference plane, a light reflecting piece matched with the total station for work, a driving mechanism connected to the detection frame and used for driving the light reflecting piece to move in a moving plane parallel to the reference plane, a control mechanism used for controlling the driving mechanism to drive the light reflecting piece to move, and a support frame which is placed at an upper port of the pile casing, supports the detection frame and is used for adjusting the placement state of the detection frame so that the reference plane can be adjusted from the staggered state with the horizontal plane to the state parallel with the horizontal plane, the control mechanism is positioned in the detection frame and close to the inner cylinder wall or the outer cylinder wall of the protective cylinder;
installing a detection device: transversely arranging the deviation detection device at the upper port of the pile casing, putting the support frame at the upper port of the pile casing to support the detection frame, and putting the total station around the pile casing;
horizontal state adjustment: the placing state of the detection frame is adjusted through the support frame so that the reference plane can be adjusted from being staggered with the horizontal plane to being parallel to the horizontal plane, and the detection frame is made to be in a horizontal state;
roughly calibrating the central position: observing the upper port of the protective cylinder and determining an observation center, and controlling the driving mechanism through the control mechanism to drive the light reflecting piece to move to the observation center;
fine calibration of the center position: and receiving a detection light beam emitted by the total station by using the reflector, reflecting the detection light beam to the total station, determining the deviation between the observation center and the theoretical central point by using the total station, and controlling the driving mechanism by using the control mechanism to drive the reflector to move to the theoretical central point, wherein the position of the reflector is the horizontal center of the upper port of the pile casing.
Furthermore, the support frame comprises two first foot clamping frames and a second foot clamping frame, one end of the second foot clamping frame and one end of each first foot clamping frame are connected with the detection frame, the other end of each first foot clamping frame is arranged at the upper port of the protection tube in a lapping mode, the two first foot clamping frames and the second foot clamping frame are arranged in a triangular mode, and the detection frame respectively adjusts the arrangement state of the detection frame through the two first foot clamping frames so that the reference plane of the detection frame is parallel to the horizontal plane;
enabling each first clamping leg frame to comprise an adjusting hand wheel, a screw rod and clamping legs, wherein one end of the screw rod is connected with the adjusting hand wheel, the other end of the screw rod is limited on the clamping legs and freely rotates relative to the clamping legs, a bayonet is formed in the end face, deviating from the screw rod, of each clamping leg, and the bayonet is clamped at the upper end of the protective cylinder;
the detection frame is provided with two threaded holes which are communicated up and down, each screw rod respectively penetrates through one threaded hole and is in threaded fit with the threaded hole, and the adjusting hand wheel is positioned on the upper side of the detection frame.
Furthermore, the detection frame is a T-shaped beam and comprises a cross beam and a longitudinal beam, one end of the longitudinal beam is connected with the cross beam, the length of the longitudinal beam is greater than that of the cross beam, the two first clamping legs are erected at two ends of the cross beam, the second clamping legs are erected at the end parts, far away from the cross beam, of the longitudinal beam, and the driving mechanism is arranged on the longitudinal beam.
Further, the second foot clamping frame can slide relative to the detection frame, and has a sliding adjusting state of sliding to or away from each first foot clamping frame when the second foot clamping frame is in sliding fit with the detection frame and a fastening state of being fixed on the detection frame when the second foot clamping frame is placed on the upper port of the protective tube;
a locking piece is arranged on the second clamping foot frame, and the second clamping foot frame is locked on the detection frame through the locking piece when being placed at the upper end of the protective cylinder;
the second clamping foot frame comprises a sleeve, a supporting rod and a clamping seat, one end of the supporting rod is connected with the outer cylinder wall of the sleeve, the other end of the supporting rod is limited in the clamping seat and freely rotates relative to the clamping seat, a clamping opening is formed in the end face of the clamping seat, which is opposite to the supporting rod, and the clamping opening is clamped at the upper end of the protective cylinder;
the sleeve is sleeved on the longitudinal beam and matched with the longitudinal beam in a sliding connection mode.
Further, the driving mechanism comprises an adjusting frame, a longitudinal transmission assembly and a transverse transmission assembly, the longitudinal transmission assembly is used for driving the adjusting frame to move along the length direction of the longitudinal beam, the transverse transmission assembly is used for driving the light reflecting piece to move along the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the longitudinal beam, the adjusting frame comprises a main frame body transversely arranged on the longitudinal beam, the light reflecting piece is arranged on the main frame body, the power input end part of the longitudinal transmission assembly is connected with the control mechanism, the power output end part of the longitudinal transmission assembly is connected with the main frame body, the power input end part of the transverse transmission assembly is connected with the control mechanism, and the power output end part of the transverse transmission assembly is connected with the light reflecting piece;
a sliding connection groove is formed in the middle of the lower surface of the main frame body, and extends along the length direction of the longitudinal beam;
the sliding connection groove is sleeved on the upper portion of the longitudinal beam and is in sliding fit with the longitudinal beam.
Furthermore, the transverse transmission assembly comprises a transverse transmission shaft, a driving bevel gear, a driven bevel gear, a connecting shaft, a power transmission set and a power output shaft with an external thread, one end of the transverse transmission shaft is connected with the driving bevel gear, the driving bevel gear is meshed with the driven bevel gear, one end of the connecting shaft is connected with the driven bevel gear, the other end of the connecting shaft is connected with the power input end of the power transmission set, one end of the power output shaft is connected with the power output end of the power transmission set, and the length direction of the power output shaft is perpendicular to the length direction of the longitudinal beam;
the light reflecting piece comprises a light reflecting mirror, a connecting rod and a connecting sleeve, the light reflecting mirror and the connecting sleeve are respectively connected to two ends of the connecting rod, a sleeve hole of the connecting sleeve is a threaded hole, and the connecting sleeve is arranged on the power output shaft and is in threaded connection with the power output shaft.
Furthermore, a transverse containing groove is formed in the position, facing the longitudinal beam, of the cross beam, a transverse adjusting hole communicated with the transverse containing groove is formed in the surface, facing away from the longitudinal beam, of the longitudinal beam, a power input cavity is formed in the end face, facing the cross beam, of the longitudinal beam, a connecting hole communicated with the outside is formed in the cavity wall of the power input cavity, and the power input cavity is communicated with the transverse containing groove;
the main frame body is provided with an opening cavity, the opening of the opening cavity faces upwards and extends along the direction vertical to the length direction of the longitudinal beam, a through hole is formed in the wall of the opening cavity of the main frame body, and the through hole is opposite to and communicated with the connecting hole;
the transverse transmission shaft is arranged in the power input cavity, one end of the transverse transmission shaft penetrates through the transverse adjusting hole and is connected with the transverse adjusting button, the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear are both positioned in the power input cavity, one end of the connecting shaft sequentially penetrates through the through hole and the connecting hole and extends into the power input cavity, the other end of the connecting shaft is positioned in the opening cavity and is rotatably supported on the wall of the opening cavity, the power output shaft is relatively positioned above the longitudinal beam and is arranged in the opening cavity, two ends of the power output shaft are rotatably supported on two opposite cavity walls of the opening cavity, the power transmission group is arranged in the opening cavity and is connected with the connecting shaft and the power output shaft, the connecting sleeve is arranged in the opening cavity, and the reflector is positioned on the main frame body.
Furthermore, the longitudinal transmission assembly comprises a longitudinal transmission shaft and a threaded sleeve with an internal threaded hole, a longitudinal adjusting hole communicated with the transverse accommodating groove is formed in the surface, opposite to the longitudinal beam, of the cross beam, the longitudinal transmission shaft is arranged in the power input cavity, one end of the longitudinal transmission shaft penetrates through the longitudinal adjusting hole, and an external thread is arranged at the other end of the longitudinal transmission shaft;
enabling the adjusting frame to further comprise a pushing beam, wherein two ends of the pushing beam are respectively connected to two opposite groove walls of the sliding connection groove, the pushing beam is provided with a pushing hole opposite to the longitudinal adjusting hole, the threaded sleeve is embedded in the pushing hole, and the threaded end part of the longitudinal transmission shaft is inserted in the threaded sleeve and is in threaded connection with the threaded sleeve;
the longitudinal beam is provided with two longitudinal sliding holes on two opposite side chamber walls of the power input chamber respectively, each longitudinal sliding hole extends along the length direction of the longitudinal beam, and the push beam penetrates through the two longitudinal sliding holes.
Furthermore, the longitudinal beam comprises a first longitudinal beam, a second longitudinal beam and a connecting sleeve, one end of the first longitudinal beam is connected with the cross beam, two end parts of the connecting sleeve are sleeved with the other end part of the first longitudinal beam and one end part of the second longitudinal beam, the power input cavity and the two longitudinal sliding holes are arranged in the first longitudinal beam, and each longitudinal sliding hole extends to one end, away from the cross beam, of the first longitudinal beam.
Furthermore, the deviation detection device also comprises a calibration piece used for displaying the placing state of the detection frame, and the calibration piece is provided with a calibration center and a free calibration target;
in the step of level condition adjustment, it comprises:
and (4) observation: observing the position of the calibration target, executing a leveling step if the calibration target deviates from the calibration center, and terminating the leveling step if the calibration target falls into or points to the calibration center;
leveling: if the calibration target deviates from the calibration center, the arrangement state of the detection frame is adjusted through the support frame, the position of the calibration target is observed at the same time, the adjustment is stopped until the calibration target falls into or points to the calibration center, and at the moment, the detection frame reaches a horizontal state.
The deviation detection method provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: in the step of preparing the detecting device, a deviation detecting device is prepared, the deviation detecting device is matched with the total station for use, and the total station is placed on the ground on the periphery of the pile casing. In the step of installing the detection device, a detection frame of the deviation detection device is transversely arranged above the upper port of the protective sleeve, one end of a support frame of the deviation detection device is connected with the detection frame, and the other end of the support frame is placed on the upper port of the protective sleeve and used for supporting the detection frame so that the detection frame is in a stable state. In the step of horizontal state adjustment, the arrangement state of the detection frame is adjusted through the support frame, so that the reference plane of the detection frame can be adjusted from being staggered with the horizontal plane to being parallel to the horizontal plane, which is a precondition for calibrating the horizontal center of the port of the casing. In the step of roughly calibrating the center position, a driving mechanism of the deviation detection device is arranged on the detection frame, the light reflecting piece is connected with the driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism drives the light reflecting piece to move in a moving plane parallel to the reference plane. In the step of precisely calibrating the center position, the total station is matched with the reflector, namely the reflector receives a detection light beam emitted by the total station and reflects the light beam to the total station, the total station determines the deviation between the position of the reflector and a theoretical central point, an operation mechanism connected with a driving mechanism is adjusted to enable the driving mechanism to drive the reflector to move in a moving plane parallel to a reference plane until the total station displays that the deviation is zero, the position of the reflector is the horizontal center of an upper port of the pile casing at the moment, and the horizontal center is compared with a lofting center before the pile casing is buried to determine whether the pile casing is buried to be deviated or not and whether the deviation is within an allowable error range or not. The control mechanism of the deviation detection device is arranged at the position, close to the inner cylinder wall or the outer cylinder wall of the protective cylinder, in the detection frame, so that an operator can control the control mechanism around the protective cylinder. Therefore, by the deviation detection method, on one hand, an operator does not need to stand on the port of the casing, and can complete detection only by standing on the periphery of the casing, so that the safety of the operator is ensured; on the other hand, in the detection process, no external force is applied to the detection frame all the time, namely, the detection frame cannot deform, and the detection accuracy is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for detecting misalignment according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a level adjustment method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an offset detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view of the interior of the misalignment detection apparatus provided in the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a first clamping leg frame according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a second clamping leg frame according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a drive mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a side view of a drive mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a reflector provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is an enlarged view at a in fig. 4.
Wherein, in the figures, the respective reference numerals:
| deviation detection device | 1 | |
100 |
| |
200 | |
300 |
| |
400 | |
500 |
| Calibration piece | 600 | First |
210 |
| Second |
220 | Adjusting |
211 |
| |
212 | Fastening |
213 |
| Bayonet | 201 | Threaded |
101 |
| |
2121 | |
2122 |
| Annular limiting |
202 | |
203 |
| Limiting |
214 | |
110 |
| |
120 | |
221 |
| |
222 | |
223 |
| |
204 | |
224 |
| |
2221 | |
2222 |
| |
205 | Adjusting |
410 |
| |
420 | |
430 |
| |
411 | |
401 |
| |
412 | |
4121 |
| Wheel axle | 4122 | L- |
413 |
| |
431 | |
432 |
| |
433 | |
434 |
| |
435 | |
436 |
| |
310 | |
320 |
| Connecting |
330 | |
510 |
| |
340 | |
402 |
| |
403 | |
341 |
| |
342 | |
4351 |
| |
4352 | Transverse containing |
111 |
| |
112 | |
102 |
| Connecting |
103 | Through |
404 |
| |
421 | Threaded |
422 |
| |
113 | |
414 |
| |
405 | |
104 |
| |
520 | First |
121 |
| Second |
122 | Connecting |
123 |
| |
130 |
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or it can be indirectly fixed to or disposed on the other element through a third member. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element through a third component.
It will be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like, as used herein, refer to an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings that is solely for the purpose of facilitating the description and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and is therefore not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 3, an embodiment of the invention provides a deviation detecting method for detecting whether a casing is deviated, where the deviation detecting method includes:
s1: a detection device is prepared. Preparing an offset detection device 1, wherein the offset detection device 1 is used for matching with a total station to calibrate the horizontal center of the upper port of the pile casing and comparing and detecting the horizontal center with a lofting center of the horizontal plane before the pile casing is buried, and the total station is placed on the periphery of the pile casing. The deviation detecting device 1 comprises a detecting frame 100 with a reference plane, a reflector 300 working with a total station, a driving mechanism 400 connected to the detecting frame 100 and used for driving the reflector 300 to move in a moving plane parallel to the reference plane, a control mechanism 500 used for controlling the driving mechanism 400 to drive the reflector 300 to move, and a support frame 200 which is placed at the upper port of the casing, supports the detecting frame 100 and is used for adjusting the placing state of the detecting frame 100 so that the reference plane can be adjusted from the horizontal plane to be parallel to the horizontal plane in a staggered manner, wherein the control mechanism 500 is located at a position, close to the inner wall or the outer wall of the casing, in the detecting frame 100.
S2: and installing a detection device. The deviation detecting device 1 is transversely arranged at the upper end opening of the pile casing, the supporting frame 200 is arranged at the upper end opening of the pile casing to support the detecting frame 100, and the total station is arranged on the periphery of the pile casing.
S3: and adjusting the horizontal state. The placing state of the detection frame 100 is adjusted by the support frame 200 so that the reference plane can be adjusted from being staggered with the horizontal plane to being parallel to the horizontal plane, and the detection frame 100 is in a horizontal state.
Specifically, the deviation detecting device 1 further comprises a calibration member 600 for displaying the arrangement state of the detecting frame, and the calibration member 600 has a calibration center and a free calibration target.
In step S3, please refer to fig. 2, which includes:
s31: and (6) observing. Observing the position of the calibration target, if the calibration target is deviated from the calibration center, performing step S32, and if the calibration target falls into or points at the calibration center, terminating step S32.
S32: and leveling. If the calibration target deviates from the calibration center, the arrangement state of the detection frame 100 is adjusted through the support frame 200, and meanwhile, the position of the calibration target is observed until the calibration target falls into or points to the calibration center, the adjustment is stopped, and at this moment, the detection frame 100 reaches a horizontal state.
In the present embodiment, the calibration target falls or points to the calibration center when the reference plane of the inspection frame 100 is parallel to the horizontal plane and deviates from the calibration center when the reference plane of the inspection frame 100 is not parallel to the horizontal plane. Therefore, the adjustment state of the detection frame 100 can be observed visually, and the calibration precision of the central point of the upper port of the casing can be improved better.
Referring to fig. 1, further, the calibration member 600 is a circular level. The calibration target is a bubble inside the circular level 600, and the calibration center is a central cavity inside the circular level 600.
In the present embodiment, the air bubbles in the circular level are adjusted by adjusting the supporting heights of the two first clamping legs 210, and when the air bubbles in the circular level are located in the central cavity, the reference plane of the test stand 100 is parallel to the horizontal plane.
In the present embodiment, the circular level is located on the beam 110 and at the middle position.
S4: and roughly calibrating the central position. The upper port of the casing is observed and the observation center is determined, and the driving mechanism 400 is operated by the operation and control mechanism 500 to drive the light reflecting piece 300 to move to the observation center.
S5: and (5) calibrating the central position accurately. The light reflecting piece 300 is used for receiving a detection light beam emitted by the total station, the detection light beam is reflected to the total station, the deviation between an observation center and a theoretical central point is determined through the total station, the driving mechanism 400 is controlled through the control mechanism 500 to drive the light reflecting piece 300 to move to the theoretical central point, and at the moment, the position of the light reflecting piece 300 is the horizontal center of the upper port of the pile casing.
In the present embodiment, in step S1, an offset detection device 1 is prepared, and the offset detection device 1 is used in cooperation with a total station, and the total station is erected on the periphery of the casing and is set up. In step S2, the testing stand 100 of the deviation testing device 1 is placed horizontally above the upper port of the casing, and one end of the supporting frame 200 of the deviation testing device 1 is connected to the testing stand 100 and the other end is placed on the upper port of the casing for supporting the testing stand 100 so that the testing stand 100 is in a stable state. In step S3, the support frame 200 adjusts the placement of the testing frame 100 so that the reference plane of the testing frame 100 can be adjusted from being staggered with the horizontal plane to being parallel to the horizontal plane, and the testing frame 100 is brought to a horizontal state, which is a precondition for calibrating the horizontal center of the port of the casing. In step S4, the driving mechanism 400 of the misalignment detection apparatus 1 is disposed on the detection frame 100, the light reflecting member 300 is connected to the driving mechanism 400, and the driving mechanism 400 drives the light reflecting member 300 to move in the movement plane parallel to the reference plane. In step S5, the total station is used to cooperate with the reflector 300, that is, the reflector 300 receives the detection light beam emitted from the total station and reflects the detection light beam to the total station, the total station determines the deviation between the position of the reflector 300 and the theoretical center point, the control mechanism 500 connected to the driving mechanism 400 is adjusted to make the driving mechanism 400 drive the reflector 300 to move in the moving plane parallel to the reference plane until the total station displays that the deviation is zero, and at this time, the position of the reflector 300 is the horizontal center of the upper port of the casing, and the horizontal center is compared with the lofting center before the casing is buried, so as to determine whether the casing is buried to be deviated or not and whether the deviation is within the allowable error range. The control mechanism 500 of the deviation detecting device 1 is disposed at a position near the inner wall or the outer wall of the casing in the detecting frame 100 for an operator to control the control mechanism 500 around the casing. Therefore, by the deviation detection method, on one hand, an operator does not need to stand on the port of the casing, and can complete detection only by standing on the peripheral side of the casing, so that the safety of the operator is ensured; on the other hand, in the detection process, no external force is applied to the detection frame 100 all the time, that is, the detection frame 100 does not deform, and the detection accuracy is improved.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, further, the supporting frame 200 includes two first foot clamping frames 210 and one second foot clamping frame 220, one end of the second foot clamping frame 220 and one end of each first foot clamping frame 210 are connected to the detecting frame 100, the other ends of the second foot clamping frames are placed on the upper port of the protecting tube, and the two first foot clamping frames 210 and the second foot clamping frame 220 are arranged in a triangle. Therefore, the stability of the support is improved, and the complexity of operation is reduced. The placing state of the inspection rack 100 is adjusted by the inspection rack 100 through the two first clamping frames 210, so that the reference plane of the inspection rack is parallel to the horizontal plane. Thus, the second foot clamping frame 220 is placed at the upper port of the pile casing, and the supporting heights of the two first foot clamping frames 210 are adjusted to enable the reference plane of the detection frame 100 to be parallel to the horizontal plane, so as to achieve a horizontal state, and therefore, the calibration precision of the central point of the upper port of the pile casing is improved. In the present embodiment, the support height is a distance between the test stand 100 and the upper port of the casing.
In step S2, the other end of the second clip frame 220 and the other end of each first clip frame 210 are placed on the upper port of the grommet.
In step S3, the second clamping leg members 220 are kept at the same position, and the two first clamping legs 210 are adjusted to make the inspection rack 100 horizontal.
Referring to fig. 3 to 5, further, each first clip frame 210 includes an adjusting handwheel 211, a screw rod 212 and a clip leg 213, one end of the screw rod 212 is connected with the adjusting handwheel 211, and the other end is limited by the clip leg 213 and freely rotates relative to the clip leg 213, a bayonet 201 is opened on an end surface of the clip leg 213 facing away from the screw rod 212, and the bayonet 201 is clipped at an upper end of the protection tube. The bayonet 201 is a U-shaped opening, a V-shaped opening and the like, the shape is not limited, and the bayonet can be placed at the upper port of the protective cylinder without horizontal displacement.
The detection frame 100 is provided with two threaded holes 101 which are vertically communicated, each screw 212 respectively penetrates through one threaded hole 101 and is in threaded fit with the threaded hole 101, and the adjusting hand wheel 211 is positioned on the upper side of the detection frame 100.
In step S2, the bayonet 201 is fitted to the upper end of the sheath.
In step S3, the two adjustment handwheels 211 are rotated to swing the inspection frame 100 relative to the casing, so that the reference plane of the inspection frame 100 can be adjusted from being staggered with the horizontal plane to being parallel to the horizontal plane.
Referring to fig. 3 to 5, the screw 212 further includes a threaded section 2121 having one end connected to the adjusting handwheel 211 and a limiting section 2122 connected to the other end of the threaded section 2121, the limiting section 2122 defines an annular limiting groove 202 on its peripheral side, and the limiting section 2122 is embedded in the locking leg 213 and freely rotates relative to the locking leg 213. In the embodiment, the surface of the clip leg 213 opposite to the bayonet 201 is provided with a limiting slot 203, wherein a wall of the limiting slot 203 protrudes a limiting convex ring 214 matched with the annular limiting slot 202, and when the limiting section 2122 is embedded in the limiting slot 203, the limiting convex ring 214 is inserted into the annular limiting slot 202. Specifically, in order to prevent the limiting section 2122 from separating from the locking leg 213, the locking leg 213 is immersed in hot oil to enlarge the size of the limiting slot 203, and then the limiting section 2122 is pressed into the limiting slot 203, and after cooling, the limiting section 2122 is limited in the limiting slot 203.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, further, the second stand-off frame 220 is slidable relative to the testing frame 100, and the second stand-off frame 220 has a sliding adjustment state of sliding toward or away from each first stand-off frame 210 when slidably engaged with the testing frame 100, and a fastening state of being fixed to the testing frame 100 when the second stand-off frame 220 is placed on the upper port of the casing. Therefore, horizontal center calibration can be performed on the pile casing with different sizes, namely, the two first foot clamping frames 210 are firstly placed at the upper port of the pile casing, the second foot clamping frame 220 is moved according to the size of the upper port of the pile casing until the second foot clamping frame 220 is also placed at the upper port of the pile casing, and the pile casing horizontal center calibration device is simple in structure and convenient to operate.
In step S2, it includes:
carrying out first setting: two first clamping foot frames 210 are arranged at the upper end of the protective sleeve.
Positioning: the enlarged positions of the two first foot rests 210 are kept still, and the second foot rests 220 are adjusted to slide to or away from the first foot rests 210 to be opposite to the upper ends of the pile casings.
And (5) carrying out second setting: the second clip stand 220 is put on the upper end of the casing.
Further, a locking member 224 is provided on the second foot-clamping frame 220, and the second foot-clamping frame 220 is locked to the detecting frame 100 by the locking member 224 when the second foot-clamping frame is placed on the upper end of the protective tube.
Before the step of positioning, the method further comprises the following steps:
releasing the clamping leg piece: the locking member 224 is released, and the locking member 224 is disengaged from the longitudinal beam 120, so that the second foot clamping frame 220 slides relative to the detection frame 100.
After the step of setting for the second time, the method further comprises the following steps:
locking and clamping the foot piece: the locking member 224 is locked to fix the second clamping leg member 220 to the testing stand 100.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, further, the inspection frame 100 is a T-shaped beam and includes a cross beam 110 and a longitudinal beam 120 having one end connected to the cross beam 110, and the length of the longitudinal beam 120 is greater than that of the cross beam 110. The two first foot clamping frames 210 are respectively arranged at two ends of the cross beam 110, the second foot clamping frame 220 is arranged at the end of the longitudinal beam 120 far away from the cross beam 110, and the driving mechanism 400 is arranged on the longitudinal beam 120. In the present embodiment, the length of the longitudinal beam 120 is greater than that of the transverse beam 110, and the driving mechanism 400 is disposed on the longitudinal beam 120, so that the light reflecting member 300 can be easily and rapidly moved to the center of the upper port of the casing.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, further, the longitudinal beam 120 and the cross beam 110 are perpendicular to each other, and the two first snap-foot brackets 210 are symmetrically arranged with respect to an extension line of the longitudinal beam 120. Therefore, on one hand, the horizontal center of the upper port of the casing falls on the projection of the longitudinal beam 120 on the upper port of the casing, or has a smaller deviation with the projection, so that the light reflecting piece 300 is closer to the horizontal center, the light reflecting piece 300 is prevented from being moved by a large margin, and the calibration precision and the calibration speed of the central point of the upper port of the casing are further improved.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 3 and fig. 4, further, the second clamping frame 220 includes a sleeve 221, a supporting rod 222 and a clamping seat 223, one end of the supporting rod 222 is connected to the outer wall of the sleeve 221, the other end is limited to the clamping seat 223 and freely rotates relative to the clamping seat 223, a clamping interface 204 is disposed on an end surface of the clamping seat 223 opposite to the supporting rod 222, and the clamping interface 204 is clamped at the upper end of the protective sleeve.
The sleeve 221 is sleeved on the longitudinal beam 120 and is in sliding fit with the longitudinal beam 120.
The second clamping foot frame 220 is locked on the longitudinal beam 120 through the locking piece 224 when the clamping interface 204 is clamped at the upper end of the protective sleeve.
In this embodiment, the locking members 224 are bolts and are provided in plural, each locking member 224 is disposed on the upper side of the sleeve 221 and is in threaded connection with the sleeve 221, and when the clip interface 204 of the second clip frame 220 is clipped on the upper end of the sheath, each locking member 224 is screwed to make the end portion of the locking member located in the sleeve 221 abut against the longitudinal beam 120, so as to lock the sleeve 221.
In step S2, the clip interface 204 is clipped on the upper end of the sheath.
Referring to fig. 3, 5 and 6, further, the support rod 222 includes a support section 2221 having one end connected to the sleeve 221 and a connection section 2222 connected to the other end of the support section 2221, the connection section 2222 has an annular slot 205 formed on the peripheral side thereof, and the connection section 2222 is embedded in the card holder 223 and is free to rotate relative to the card holder 223.
In this embodiment, the structure of the connecting section 2222 is the same as that of the limiting section 2122, and the connecting structure between the connecting section 2222 and the clamping seat 223 is the same as that between the limiting section 2122 and the clamping foot 213, and the installation manner is the same, which will not be described again.
Referring to fig. 1, 3, 7, 8 and 9, further, the driving mechanism 400 includes an adjusting frame 410, a longitudinal transmission assembly 420 for driving the adjusting frame 410 to move along the length direction of the longitudinal beam 120, and a transverse transmission assembly 430 for driving the reflective element 300 to move along the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the longitudinal beam 120, the adjusting frame 410 includes a main frame 411 transversely disposed on the longitudinal beam 120, the reflective element 300 is disposed on the main frame 411, a power input end of the longitudinal transmission assembly 420 is connected to the operating mechanism 500 and a power output end thereof is connected to the main frame 411, a power input end of the transverse transmission assembly 430 is connected to the operating mechanism 500 and a power output end thereof is connected to the reflective element 300. Thus, when the control mechanism 500 is operated, the power input end of the longitudinal transmission assembly 420 synchronously receives the driving force applied by the control mechanism 500, and the main frame 411 with the light reflecting member 300 is displaced along the length direction of the longitudinal beam 120 through the transmission of the longitudinal transmission assembly 420, and when the power input end of the transverse transmission assembly 430 also synchronously receives the driving force applied by the control mechanism 500, and the light reflecting member 300 on the main frame 411 is displaced along the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the longitudinal beam 120 through the transmission of the transverse transmission assembly 430, so that the displacement of the light reflecting member 300 in the horizontal position can be realized by the operator operating the control mechanism 500 on the periphery side of the protective sleeve, thereby facilitating the calibration of the horizontal center.
In steps S4 and S5, the main frame 411 is driven to move the light reflecting member 300 along the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal beam 120 by the control mechanism 500 driving the longitudinal transmission assembly 420 and transmitting the driving force to the output end thereof, and the light reflecting member 300 is driven to move along the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal beam 120 by the control mechanism 500 driving the transverse transmission assembly 430 and transmitting the driving force to the output end thereof.
Referring to fig. 3 and 7, a sliding groove 401 is formed in the main frame 411 at a middle position of the lower surface thereof, and the sliding groove 401 extends along the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal beam 120.
The sliding connection groove 401 is sleeved on the upper portion of the longitudinal beam 120 and is in sliding fit with the longitudinal beam 120. Thus, when the power input end of the longitudinal transmission assembly 420 synchronously receives the driving force applied by the control mechanism 500, the main frame 411 can drive the light reflecting member 300 to smoothly displace along the length direction of the longitudinal beam 120.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 7 and fig. 8, further, the adjusting frame 410 further includes at least two roller groups 412 arranged along the length direction of the longitudinal beam 120, each roller group 412 includes four rollers 4121 and four wheel shafts 4122, wherein one end of each two wheel shaft 4122 in each roller group 412 is connected to the two opposite groove walls of the sliding groove 401 and is located above the longitudinal beam 120, and the other end extends in opposite directions, one end of the remaining two wheel shafts 4122 is connected to the two opposite groove walls of the sliding groove 401 and is located below the longitudinal beam 120, and the two ends extend in opposite directions, and each roller 4121 is rotatably connected to one wheel shaft 4122 and abuts against the longitudinal beam 120. Thus, when the power input end of the longitudinal transmission assembly 420 synchronously receives the driving force applied by the control mechanism 500, the main frame 411 can drive the light reflecting member 300 to smoothly displace along the length direction of the longitudinal beam 120 and to smoothly displace.
Referring to fig. 3 and 7, further, the adjusting frame 410 further includes two L-shaped frames 413, one end of each of the two L-shaped frames 413 is fixed to two opposite groove walls of the sliding groove 401 and the notches of the two L-shaped frames 413 are opposite to each other, and each of the rolling sets is disposed on the two L-shaped frames 413. It can be understood that when the main frame body 411 is mounted on the longitudinal beam 120, the lower end surface of the main frame body 411 may be relatively higher than the lower end surface of the longitudinal beam 120, so that the size of the main frame body 411 is reduced, the weight of the main frame body 411 is reduced, the deformation of the detection beam is reduced, and the main frame body also has the function of protecting the roller group 412.
Referring to fig. 3, 5 and 7 to 9, further, the transverse transmission assembly 430 includes a transverse transmission shaft 431, a drive bevel gear 432, a driven bevel gear 433, a connection shaft 434, a power transmission group 435, and a power output shaft 436 having an external thread, one end of the transverse transmission shaft 431 is connected to the drive bevel gear 432, the drive bevel gear 432 is engaged with the driven bevel gear 433, one end of the connection shaft 434 is connected to the driven bevel gear 433, the other end is connected to a power input end of the power transmission group 435, one end of the power output shaft 436 is connected to a power output end of the power transmission group 435, and a length direction of the power output shaft 436 is perpendicular to a length direction of the longitudinal beam 120.
The reflector 300 includes a reflector 310, a connecting rod 320 and a connecting sleeve 330, the reflector 310 and the connecting sleeve 330 are respectively connected to two ends of the connecting rod 320, a sleeve hole of the connecting sleeve 330 is a threaded hole, and the connecting sleeve 330 is sleeved on the power output shaft 436 and is in threaded connection with the power output shaft 436.
The operating mechanism 500 includes a lateral adjusting knob 510 rotatably coupled to the supporting frame 200, and an end of the lateral transmission shaft 431 facing away from the drive bevel gear 432 is coupled to the lateral adjusting knob 510.
In this embodiment, two connecting sleeves 330 are provided and are sleeved on the power output shaft 436, so as to improve the moving stability of the light reflecting member 300.
Referring to fig. 7 to 9, further, the light reflecting member 300 further includes a guiding member 340, and one end of the connecting rod 320 opposite to the reflective mirror 310 and the connecting sleeve 330 are respectively connected to two opposite surfaces of the guiding member 340.
The main frame body 411 is provided with a guide hole 402 matched with the shape of the guide piece 340 on one end surface along the direction vertical to the length direction of the longitudinal beam 120, the guide hole 402 is communicated with the opening cavity 403 of the main frame body 411 and the opening of the opening cavity 403, and the guide piece 340 is inserted into the guide hole 402 and slides along the length direction of the guide hole 402. Therefore, when the light reflecting piece 300 moves, the light reflecting piece can be guided quickly, and the light reflecting piece 300 is effectively prevented from shaking and moving stably.
In this embodiment, the guiding member 340 is in the shape of a boss, and the corresponding guiding hole 402 matches with the shape of the guiding member 340. The guide part 340 has a first end surface 341 and a second end surface 342 opposite to each other, the area of the first end surface 341 is larger than that of the second end surface 342, and the connecting sleeve 330 is connected to the first end surface 341, which is more helpful to improve the stability of the light reflecting part 300.
Referring to fig. 7 to 9, further, the power transmission set 435 includes a driving gear 4351 and a driven gear 4352 engaged with the driving gear 4351, the driving gear 4351 is connected to the connecting shaft 434 and has the same axis as the connecting shaft 434, and the driven gear 4352 is connected to the power output shaft 436 and has the same axis as the power output shaft 436. In this embodiment, the driving gear 4351 and the driven gear 4352 are both helical gears.
Alternatively, the power transmission set 435 includes a driving pulley, a synchronous belt, and a driven pulley, the driving pulley is connected to the connecting shaft 434, and the axis of the driving pulley is the same as the axis of the connecting shaft 434, the driven pulley is connected to the power output shaft 436, and the axis of the driven pulley is the same as the axis of the power output shaft 436, and the synchronous belt is sleeved on the driving pulley and the driven pulley and drives the driving pulley and the driven pulley to rotate synchronously.
Referring to fig. 4, 7, 8 and 10, further, a transverse accommodating groove 111 is formed at a position where the transverse beam 110 faces the longitudinal beam 120, a transverse adjusting hole 112 communicated with the transverse accommodating groove 111 is formed on a surface opposite to the longitudinal beam 120, a power input cavity 102 is formed on an end face of the longitudinal beam 120 facing the transverse beam 110 in a direction away from the transverse beam 110, a connecting hole 103 communicated with the outside is formed in a cavity wall of the power input cavity 102, and the power input cavity 102 is communicated with the transverse accommodating groove 111.
The main frame body 411 is provided with an opening cavity 403, the opening of the opening cavity 403 faces upwards and extends along the direction vertical to the length direction of the longitudinal beam 120, a through hole 404 is formed in the cavity wall of the opening cavity 403 of the main frame body 411, and the through hole 404 is opposite to and communicated with the connecting hole 103.
The transverse transmission shaft 431 is arranged in the power input cavity 102, one end part of the transverse transmission shaft 431 penetrates through the transverse adjusting hole 112 and is connected with the transverse adjusting button 510, the driving bevel gear 432 and the driven bevel gear 433 are both positioned in the power input cavity 102, one end part of the connecting shaft 434 penetrates through the through hole 404 and the connecting hole 103 in sequence and extends into the power input cavity 102, the other end part of the connecting shaft 434 is positioned in the opening cavity 403 and is rotatably supported on the cavity wall of the opening cavity 403, the power output shaft 436 is relatively positioned above the longitudinal beam 120 and is arranged in the opening cavity 403, two ends of the power output shaft are rotatably supported on two opposite cavity walls of the opening cavity 403, the power transmission group 435 is arranged in the opening cavity 403 and is connected with the connecting shaft 434 and the power.
Referring to fig. 4, 7, 8 and 10, further, the longitudinal driving assembly 420 includes a longitudinal driving shaft 421 and a threaded sleeve 422 having an internal threaded hole, a longitudinal adjusting hole 113 communicating with the transverse receiving groove 111 is formed on a surface of the cross beam 110 opposite to the longitudinal beam 120, the longitudinal driving shaft 421 is disposed in the power input cavity 102, and one end portion thereof passes through the longitudinal adjusting hole 113 and the other end portion thereof is provided with an external thread.
The adjusting frame 410 further comprises a pushing beam 414, two ends of the pushing beam 414 are respectively connected to two opposite groove walls of the sliding groove 401, the pushing beam 414 is provided with a pushing hole 405 facing the longitudinal adjusting hole 113, a threaded sleeve 422 is embedded in the pushing hole 405, and a threaded end of the longitudinal transmission shaft 421 is inserted in the threaded sleeve 422 and is in threaded connection with the threaded sleeve 422.
The longitudinal beam 120 is provided with two longitudinal sliding holes 104 on two opposite side chamber walls of the power input chamber 102, each longitudinal sliding hole 104 extends along the length direction of the longitudinal beam 120, and the push beam 414 passes through the two longitudinal sliding holes 104. In this embodiment, the connecting shaft 434 passes through the longitudinal sliding hole 104, i.e. the connecting hole 103 is a longitudinal sliding hole 104.
The control mechanism 500 further comprises a longitudinal adjusting knob 520 rotatably connected to the support frame 200, and an end of the longitudinal transmission shaft 421 facing away from the push beam 414 is connected to the longitudinal adjusting knob 520.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 4 and fig. 7, further, the longitudinal beam 120 includes a first longitudinal beam 121, a second longitudinal beam 122 and a connecting sleeve 123, one end of the first longitudinal beam 121 is connected to the cross beam 110, two ends of the connecting sleeve 123 are sleeved on the other end of the first longitudinal beam 121 and one end of the second longitudinal beam 122, the power input cavity 102 and the two longitudinal sliding holes 104 are both disposed on the first longitudinal beam 121, and each longitudinal sliding hole 104 extends to an end of the first longitudinal beam 121 away from the cross beam 110. Thus, on the one hand, the detachable connection of the longitudinal beam 120 is realized, and on the other hand, the installation of the driving mechanism 400 is facilitated, and the replacement, maintenance and repair of parts are facilitated.
In this embodiment, the second spider 220 is connected to the second longitudinal beam 122 and slidably moves on the second longitudinal beam 122. The adjusting bracket 410 is disposed on the first longitudinal beam 121 and slidably moves on the first longitudinal beam 121. The connecting sleeve 123 is far away from the cross beam 100, the central position of the upper port of the pile casing does not fall into the projection of the connecting sleeve 123 on the horizontal plane, and the central position of the upper port of the pile casing falls into the projection of the first longitudinal beam 121 on the horizontal plane or has a smaller distance to the projection.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, further, the testing stand 100 further includes a plurality of supports 130 connected to the cavity wall of the power input cavity 102, any two adjacent supports 130 are disposed at an interval, and the longitudinal transmission shaft 421 and the transverse transmission shaft 431 are both abutted against each support 130. Thus, the rigidity and strength of the longitudinal shaft 421 and the transverse shaft 431 are improved, and bending deformation or twist-off caused by overlong length is avoided.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An offset detection method is used for detecting whether a pile casing is offset, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a preliminary detection device: preparing an offset detection device, wherein the offset detection device is used for being matched with a total station to calibrate the horizontal center of the upper port of the pile casing, the deviation detection device comprises a detection frame with a reference plane, a light reflecting piece matched with the total station for work, a driving mechanism connected to the detection frame and used for driving the light reflecting piece to move in a moving plane parallel to the reference plane, a control mechanism used for controlling the driving mechanism to drive the light reflecting piece to move, and a support frame which is placed at an upper port of the pile casing, supports the detection frame and is used for adjusting the placement state of the detection frame so that the reference plane can be adjusted from the staggered state with the horizontal plane to the state parallel with the horizontal plane, the control mechanism is positioned in the detection frame and close to the inner cylinder wall or the outer cylinder wall of the protective cylinder;
installing a detection device: transversely arranging the deviation detection device at the upper port of the pile casing, putting the support frame at the upper port of the pile casing to support the detection frame, and putting the total station around the pile casing;
horizontal state adjustment: the placing state of the detection frame is adjusted through the support frame so that the reference plane can be adjusted from being staggered with the horizontal plane to being parallel to the horizontal plane, and the detection frame is made to be in a horizontal state;
roughly calibrating the central position: observing the upper port of the protective cylinder and determining an observation center, and controlling the driving mechanism through the control mechanism to drive the light reflecting piece to move to the observation center;
fine calibration of the center position: and receiving a detection light beam emitted by the total station by using the reflector, reflecting the detection light beam to the total station, determining the deviation between the observation center and a theoretical central point by using the total station, and controlling the driving mechanism by using the control mechanism to drive the reflector to move to the theoretical central point, wherein the position of the reflector is the horizontal center of the upper port of the pile casing.
2. The deviation detecting method according to claim 1, wherein the supporting frame comprises two first foot clamping frames and a second foot clamping frame, one end of the second foot clamping frame and one end of each first foot clamping frame are both connected with the detecting frame, the other end of each second foot clamping frame is placed on the upper port of the protective cylinder, the two first foot clamping frames and one second foot clamping frame are arranged in a triangular shape, and the placing state of the detecting frame is respectively adjusted by the two first foot clamping frames so that the reference plane of the detecting frame is parallel to the horizontal plane;
enabling each first clamping leg frame to comprise an adjusting hand wheel, a screw rod and clamping legs, wherein one end of the screw rod is connected with the adjusting hand wheel, the other end of the screw rod is limited on the clamping legs and freely rotates relative to the clamping legs, a bayonet is formed in the end face, deviating from the screw rod, of each clamping leg, and the bayonet is clamped at the upper end of the protective cylinder;
the detection frame is provided with two threaded holes which are communicated up and down, each screw rod respectively penetrates through one threaded hole and is in threaded fit with the threaded hole, and the adjusting hand wheel is positioned on the upper side of the detection frame.
3. The misalignment detection method according to claim 2, wherein the detection frame is a T-shaped beam and includes a cross beam and a longitudinal beam having one end connected to the cross beam, the longitudinal beam has a length longer than that of the cross beam, the first engaging legs are respectively provided at both ends of the cross beam, the second engaging legs are respectively provided at ends of the longitudinal beam away from the cross beam, and the driving mechanism is provided at the longitudinal beam.
4. The misalignment detection method according to claim 3, wherein the second foot holding frame is made slidable relative to the detection frame, the second foot holding frame having a slide adjustment state of sliding toward or away from each of the first foot holding frames when slidably engaged with the detection frame and a fastening state of being fixed to the detection frame when the second foot holding frame is placed on the upper port of the casing;
a locking piece is arranged on the second clamping foot frame, and the second clamping foot frame is locked on the detection frame through the locking piece when being placed at the upper end of the protective cylinder;
the second clamping foot frame comprises a sleeve, a supporting rod and a clamping seat, one end of the supporting rod is connected with the outer cylinder wall of the sleeve, the other end of the supporting rod is limited in the clamping seat and freely rotates relative to the clamping seat, a clamping opening is formed in the end face of the clamping seat, which is opposite to the supporting rod, and the clamping opening is clamped at the upper end of the protective cylinder;
the sleeve is sleeved on the longitudinal beam and matched with the longitudinal beam in a sliding connection mode.
5. The misalignment detection method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the driving mechanism includes an adjusting bracket, a longitudinal transmission assembly for driving the adjusting bracket to move in a longitudinal direction of the longitudinal beam, and a lateral transmission assembly for driving the reflector to move in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal beam, the adjusting bracket includes a main frame body disposed laterally to the longitudinal beam, the reflector is disposed on the main frame body, a power input end of the longitudinal transmission assembly is connected to the operating mechanism and a power output end thereof is connected to the main frame body, a power input end of the lateral transmission assembly is connected to the operating mechanism and a power output end thereof is connected to the reflector;
a sliding connection groove is formed in the middle of the lower surface of the main frame body, and extends along the length direction of the longitudinal beam;
the sliding connection groove is sleeved on the upper portion of the longitudinal beam and is in sliding fit with the longitudinal beam.
6. The misalignment detection method according to claim 5, wherein the traverse transmission assembly comprises a traverse transmission shaft, a drive bevel gear, a driven bevel gear, a connecting shaft, a power transmission set and a power output shaft with external threads, one end of the traverse transmission shaft is connected with the drive bevel gear, the drive bevel gear is meshed with the driven bevel gear, one end of the connecting shaft is connected with the driven bevel gear and the other end is connected with a power input end of the power transmission set, one end of the power output shaft is connected with a power output end of the power transmission set, and the length direction of the power output shaft is perpendicular to the length direction of the longitudinal beam;
the light reflecting piece comprises a light reflecting mirror, a connecting rod and a connecting sleeve, the light reflecting mirror and the connecting sleeve are respectively connected to two ends of the connecting rod, a sleeve hole of the connecting sleeve is a threaded hole, and the connecting sleeve is arranged on the power output shaft and is in threaded connection with the power output shaft.
7. The deviation detecting method according to claim 6, wherein a transverse accommodating groove is formed at a position where the cross beam faces the longitudinal beam, and a transverse adjusting hole communicated with the transverse accommodating groove is formed on a surface opposite to the longitudinal beam, a power input cavity is formed in a direction away from the cross beam on an end face of the longitudinal beam facing the cross beam, a connecting hole communicated with the outside is formed in a cavity wall of the power input cavity, and the power input cavity is communicated with the transverse accommodating groove;
the main frame body is provided with an opening cavity, the opening of the opening cavity faces upwards and extends along the direction vertical to the length direction of the longitudinal beam, a through hole is formed in the wall of the opening cavity of the main frame body, and the through hole is opposite to and communicated with the connecting hole;
the transverse transmission shaft is arranged in the power input cavity, one end of the transverse transmission shaft penetrates through the transverse adjusting hole and is connected with the transverse adjusting button, the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear are both positioned in the power input cavity, one end of the connecting shaft sequentially penetrates through the through hole and the connecting hole and extends into the power input cavity, the other end of the connecting shaft is positioned in the open cavity and is rotatably supported on the wall of the open cavity, the power output shaft is relatively positioned above the longitudinal beam and is arranged in the open cavity, two ends of the power output shaft are rotatably supported on two opposite cavity walls of the open cavity, the power transmission group is arranged in the open cavity and is connected with the connecting shaft and the power output shaft, the connecting sleeve is arranged in the open cavity, and the reflector is positioned on the main frame body.
8. The deviation detecting method according to claim 7, wherein the longitudinal transmission assembly comprises a longitudinal transmission shaft and a threaded sleeve with an internal threaded hole, a longitudinal adjusting hole communicated with the transverse accommodating groove is formed in the surface of the cross beam opposite to the longitudinal beam, the longitudinal transmission shaft is arranged in the power input cavity, one end of the longitudinal transmission shaft penetrates through the longitudinal adjusting hole, and the other end of the longitudinal transmission shaft is provided with an external thread;
enabling the adjusting frame to further comprise a pushing beam, wherein two ends of the pushing beam are respectively connected to two opposite groove walls of the sliding connection groove, the pushing beam is provided with a pushing hole opposite to the longitudinal adjusting hole, the threaded sleeve is embedded in the pushing hole, and the threaded end part of the longitudinal transmission shaft is inserted in the threaded sleeve and is in threaded connection with the threaded sleeve;
the longitudinal beam is provided with two longitudinal sliding holes on two opposite side chamber walls of the power input chamber respectively, each longitudinal sliding hole extends along the length direction of the longitudinal beam, and the push beam penetrates through the two longitudinal sliding holes.
9. The misalignment detection method of claim 8, wherein the longitudinal beam comprises a first longitudinal beam, a second longitudinal beam and a connecting sleeve, one end of the first longitudinal beam is connected with the cross beam, two ends of the connecting sleeve are sleeved on the other end of the first longitudinal beam and one end of the second longitudinal beam, the power input cavity and the two longitudinal sliding holes are both arranged on the first longitudinal beam, and each longitudinal sliding hole extends to one end of the first longitudinal beam, which is far away from the cross beam.
10. The deviation detecting method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the deviation detecting apparatus further comprises a calibration piece for displaying the arrangement state of the detecting frame, the calibration piece having a calibration center and a free calibration target;
in the step of level condition adjustment, it comprises:
and (4) observation: observing the position of the calibration target, executing a leveling step if the calibration target deviates from the calibration center, and terminating the leveling step if the calibration target falls into or points to the calibration center;
leveling: if the calibration target deviates from the calibration center, the arrangement state of the detection frame is adjusted through the support frame, the position of the calibration target is observed at the same time, the adjustment is stopped until the calibration target falls into or points to the calibration center, and at the moment, the detection frame reaches a horizontal state.
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