CN108953171B - A kind of the 3D-PIV measuring device and method of mixed-flow pump blade rim gap flow field - Google Patents
A kind of the 3D-PIV measuring device and method of mixed-flow pump blade rim gap flow field Download PDFInfo
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- CN108953171B CN108953171B CN201810841178.7A CN201810841178A CN108953171B CN 108953171 B CN108953171 B CN 108953171B CN 201810841178 A CN201810841178 A CN 201810841178A CN 108953171 B CN108953171 B CN 108953171B
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- runner envelope
- mixed
- guide vane
- envelope section
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
- F04D15/0088—Testing machines
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of 3D-PIV measuring device of mixed-flow pump blade rim gap flow field and methods, including pump shaft, impeller, guide vane, runner envelope section, guide vane outlet pipe section and 3D-PIV measuring system, impeller and guide vane are linked together by pump shaft, the wheel nose is equipped with runner envelope section, and guide vane end is equipped with guide vane outlet pipe section；Runner envelope section and guide vane outlet pipe section connect and compose the mixed-flow pump pump housing, and smooth transition forms smooth entirety inside runner envelope section and guide vane outlet pipe section, and runner envelope section is made of transparent material, and triangular prism protrusion is equipped on the outside of runner envelope section；3D-PIV measuring system includes CCD camera, sheet laser laser and computer, the CCD camera, sheet laser laser are connected with computer respectively, the shooting of mixed-flow pump blade rim gap three-dimensional flow field is realized, it is true, comprehensive to reflect mixed-flow pump blade rim gap flow field.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fluid machinery (pump) internal flow technical field more particularly to a kind of mixed-flow pump blade rim gaps
The 3D-PIV measuring device and method in flow field.
Background technique
Mixed-flow pump is widely used in farmland discharging-irrigating, prevention waterlogging is drained off floodwaters, industry municipal administration, sewage since flow is big and lift is moderate
The every field such as processing, papermaking.However, the structure of mixed-flow pump is special, fluid is axially sucked along impeller inlet, oblique outflow, leaf
It is big to take turns end wall regions Curvature Effect.Meanwhile it is small there are one between the wheel rim and runner envelope end wall of the impeller blade of mixed-flow pump
Gap easily causes gap jet stream and wheel rim leakage stream, increases the energy loss of fluid in impeller, causes under mixed-flow pump performance
Drop.It needs to carry out non intrusive measurement to the rim clearance flow field of mixed-flow pump to study the action principle of gap flow field.
Currently, being used in the research of mixed-flow pump interior flow field without intrusive measuring technique, wherein 3D-PIV
(Three-dimensional Particle Image Velocity), i.e., three dimensional particles image velocimetry is to send out in recent years
A kind of new internal flowing test technology that exhibition is got up, it is developed on the basis of two dimensional PIV (2D-PIV) technology, is improved
The shortcomings that 2D-PIV can only shoot two-dimensional surface fluid velocity inside utilizes multimetering and space three-dimensional to rebuild and obtains shooting and cut
3D velocity field in face can preferably measure fluid machinery interior flow field.
It is mixed for capturing although PIV measuring technique has been used in the research of mixed-flow pump interior flow field at this stage
The difficulty for flowing pump impeller edge gap flow field is larger, and there are anaclasis and reflective problem for inner wall of runner chamber, use current measurement skill
Art and means precision is low, effect is poor.It is intermarginal come the wheel for measuring mixed-flow pump therefore, it is necessary to design a kind of new measuring device and method
Clearance flow field.
Currently, relevant patent of declaring has: a kind of the PIV measuring device and method of mixed-flow pump impeller exit flow field
(CN201510575312.X), which is to carry out mixed-flow pump exit flow field by opening up circular hole on postposition outlet pipe section tube wall
Measurement.But the device and method can be only applied to the shooting of mixed-flow pump two-dimensional flow field, and cannot achieve mixed-flow pump rim clearance
The measurement in flow field.A kind of inlet device (CN201310117499) for axial-flow pump impeller import cross section PIV flow field survey,
The patent also only realizes the two-dimensional flow field measurement of impeller inlet shaft section, and changes experiment pipeline internal structure and make original
The measurement in beginning flow field is disturbed.It is a kind of for three-dimensional PIV measurement centrifugal pump (CN201010520430.8) although also using
Three-dimensional PIV measuring technique, but the apparatus structure of the patent is not used to mixed-flow pump model, and it is intermarginal to be more not used to mixed-flow pump wheel
The shooting of clearance flow field.Above-mentioned patent not can solve the shooting problem in mixed-flow pump rim clearance flow field.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is overcome existing PIV measurement method to can not achieve lacking for mixed-flow pump rim clearance flow field survey
It falls into, the 3D-PIV measuring device and method of a kind of mixed-flow pump blade rim gap flow field is provided, realize between mixed-flow pump blade rim
The capture of clearance flow field.
The present invention is to realize above-mentioned purpose by following technological means.
A kind of 3D-PIV measuring device of mixed-flow pump blade rim gap flow field, comprising: pump shaft, impeller, guide vane, runner envelope
Section, guide vane outlet pipe section and 3D-PIV measuring system, the impeller and guide vane are linked together by pump shaft, before the impeller
End is equipped with runner envelope section, and the guide vane end is equipped with guide vane outlet pipe section；The runner envelope section is connect with guide vane outlet pipe section
The mixed-flow pump pump housing is constituted, smooth transition forms smooth entirety inside runner envelope section and guide vane outlet pipe section, and the runner envelope section is
Transparent material is made, and triangular prism protrusion is equipped on the outside of the runner envelope section；The 3D-PIV measuring system includes CCD camera, piece
Light source laser and computer, the CCD camera, sheet laser laser are connected with computer respectively.
Further, the runner envelope intersegmental part shape is that approximate straight tube is round in impeller inlet leading portion, is in impeller tip
The circle that diameter is gradually increased along liquid flow path direction, outer shape be lower part be it is rectangular, top is consistent with inside diameter variation
Circle；
Further, setting triangular prism protrusion in impeller end is corresponded to outside runner envelope section；Triangular prism protrusion outside
Quadrilateral surface and annulus pipeline outer ring surface it is tangent and be in an acute angle, four sides of triangular prism protrusion inside with perpendicular
Shape face intersects vertically with triangular prism protrusion outside quadrilateral surface；
Further, the triangular prism shaped protrusion has 2 and is symmetric along the perpendicular where pump shaft, and described 2
There is a gap between triangular prism protrusion；The width in the gap is between 1~3mm；
Further, outside quadrilateral surface of the CCD camera shooting direction perpendicular to triangular prism shaped protrusion, the sheet laser
Gap described in laser face issues lasing area；
Further, the material selection polymethyl methacrylate of the runner envelope section is made；
Further, the runner envelope section is connect with guide vane outlet pipe section by screw rod, forms the complete pump housing；
A kind of 3D-PIV measurement method of mixed-flow pump blade rim gap flow field, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, configure and runner envelope section using the IodineSodium Solution of material refractive index close as mixed-flow pump conveying medium,
Selection average diameter is 13 μm, the silver-plated hollow glass ball of specific gravity 1.6 is as trace particle；
Step 2, sheet laser laser is placed in the surface of runner envelope section, sheet laser laser launch with a thickness of
0.5mm~1mm and the lasing area for passing through pump shaft axle center, the lasing area are located at small―gap suture between described two triangular prism protrusions
Middle part, the small―gap suture are conducive to the lasing area and are positioned；
Step 3, the camera lens of two CCD cameras is respectively perpendicular to the quadrangle in face described two triangular prism protrusions outside
Face, two CCD cameras are symmetric with the perpendicular where pump shaft, and the extension of two CCD camera camera lenses
Line is intersected in a bit, and the range of the angle [alpha] between the extended line is less than 120 °；
Step 4, tested flow field is demarcated, nominal data is recorded by computer, when the sheet laser laser is sent out
When projecting lasing area, two CCD cameras expose shooting simultaneously, after being carried out by photo of the computer to shooting
Reason obtains the Cross shaft in mixed-flow pump blade rim gap.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
Two triangular prism protrusions are set outside blade rim end wall and outside quadrangle shooting face is made to be approximately parallel to end wall
Internal arc surface has effectively slackened the influence of curvature；The interior outside quadrilateral surface of triangular prism protrusion intersects vertically and can be circumferentially
Direction is mobile, and small―gap suture is arranged between two triangular prism protrusions, the shooting of different angle may be implemented, reduces laser refraction and disappears
Consumption is accurately positioned the lasing area of sheet laser laser transmitting；Sodium iodide (NaI) solution and silver-plated hollow glass are selected in experiment measurement
Glass ball is as trace particle, the problem of effectively having slackened anaclasis；New structural design does not change original mixed-flow pump runner envelope
Internal structure realizes the shooting of mixed-flow pump blade rim gap three-dimensional flow field, and good imaging quality, measurement accuracy are high, true, complete
Face reflects mixed-flow pump blade rim gap flow field.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of 3D-PIV measuring device schematic diagram of mixed-flow pump blade rim gap flow field of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of 3D-PIV measuring device side view of mixed-flow pump blade rim gap flow field of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of 3D-PIV measuring device cross-sectional view of mixed-flow pump blade rim gap flow field of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is transparent runner envelope section A of the present invention to schematic diagram；
In figure, 1. impellers, 2. pump shafts, 3. runner envelope sections, 4. guide vane outlet pipe sections, 5. guide vanes, 6.CCD camera, 7. light
Source laser device, 8. lasing areas, 9. annulus pipelines, 10. ring flanges, 11. triangular prisms protrusion, 12. through-holes, 13. plinths, 14.
Gap, 15. computers.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that described herein, the specific embodiments are only for explaining the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of 3D-PIV measuring device of mixed-flow pump blade rim gap flow field, comprising: pump shaft 2, impeller
1, guide vane 5, runner envelope section 3, guide vane outlet pipe section 4 and 3D-PIV measuring system, impeller 1 and guide vane 5 are connected to by pump shaft 2
Together, 1 front end of impeller is equipped with runner envelope section 3, and 5 end of guide vane is equipped with guide vane outlet pipe section 4；Runner envelope section 3 and guide vane export
Pipeline section 5 connects and composes the mixed-flow pump pump housing, and smooth transition forms smooth entirety, runner inside runner envelope section 3 and guide vane outlet pipe section 5
Room section 3 is made of transparent material, and triangular prism protrusion 11 is equipped on the outside of runner envelope section 3；3D-PIV measuring system includes 2 CCD phases
Machine 6,1 stage piece light source laser 7 and 1 computer, 15,2 CCD cameras 6,1 stage piece light source laser 7 respectively with computer 15
It is connected.
As shown in figure 3, one end of runner envelope section 3 is equipped with ring flange 10, the other end is rectangular linkage section, and ring flange 10 is used for
It is connect with exterior line, the rectangular linkage section and guide vane outlet pipe section 4 of runner envelope section 3 offer 4 for interconnection
The through-hole 12 of through-hole 12, runner envelope section 3 and guide vane outlet pipe section 4 is corresponded and is connected by screw rod, runner envelope section 3 and guide vane
Outlet pipe section 4 is bonded to each other and does encapsulation process.
As shown in Fig. 2, guide vane outlet pipe section 4 is located at the downstream of the runner envelope section 3, inner section is diameter along axis
The circle of line direction non-uniform change, outer cross section are square；Runner envelope section 3 is by colourless polymethyl methacrylate system
At transparent, 3 outer shape of runner envelope section is that approximate straight tube is round in impeller inlet leading portion, is diameter along liquid stream in impeller tip
The circle that direction is gradually increased, outer shape lower part are plinth 13, and top is to change consistent circle with inside diameter,
It is described it is round be annulus line 9, such as Fig. 4, setting 2 triangular prisms for the shooting of rim clearance flow field on the annulus pipeline 9
Shape protrusion 11 corresponds to 1 end of impeller setting triangular prism protrusion 11 outside runner envelope section 3；11 outside of triangular prism protrusion
Quadrilateral surface and annulus pipeline 9 outer ring surface it is tangent and be in an acute angle, 11 inside of triangular prism protrusion with perpendicular
Quadrilateral surface and the outside quadrilateral surface of triangular prism protrusion 11 intersect vertically；Triangular prism shaped raised 11 along vertical flat where pump shaft
Face is symmetric, and has a gap 14 between two triangular prism protrusions；The width in the gap 14 is between 1~3mm；2 CCD
6 shooting direction of camera perpendicular to triangular prism shaped raised 11 outside quadrilateral surface, perpendicular to triangular prism shaped raised 11 outside four
Side shape face, avoiding inside quadrilateral surface that light refraction occurs influences shooting precision and quality.The 7 face institute of sheet laser laser
It states gap 14 and issues lasing area, gap 14 can effectively save the use of 3 material of runner envelope section, and effectively reduce the damage of laser
Consumption.In addition, 2 triangular prism protrusions 11 can need circumferentially to be moved according to shooting angle and keep triangular prism convex
The outer ring surface for playing 11 outside quadrilateral surfaces and the annulus pipeline 9 is tangent always, and the shaft section of triangular prism protrusion 11 is along axis
Direction is gradually proportional to increase to guarantee the thickness of the runner envelope section 3 along axis direction even variation.
The test method of the device are as follows:
Step 1: configuration and the runner envelope section 3 use with colourless polymethyl methacrylate material refractive index close
Sodium iodide (NaI) solution as mixed-flow pump conveying medium.Choose the silver-plated hollow glass that average diameter is 13 μm, specific gravity 1.6
Ball by adjusting particle concentration in test, guarantees shooting effect as trace particle.
Sheet laser laser 7: being placed in the surface of the runner envelope section 3 by step 2, and the sheet laser laser 7 emits
Out with a thickness of 0.5mm~1mm and across the lasing area 8 in 2 axle center of pump shaft, the lasing area 8 is located at described two triangular prisms protrusions
The middle part in gap 14 between 11, the gap 14 are conducive to the lasing area 8 and are positioned.
Step 3: the camera lens of 2 CCD cameras 6 is respectively perpendicular to four sides in convex 11 outsides of the described two triangular prisms of face
Shape face, two CCD cameras 6 are symmetric with the perpendicular where pump shaft 2, and two CCD6 camera lens
Extended line is intersected in a bit, and the range of the angle [alpha] between the extended line is less than 120 °.
Step 4: using demarcating to tested flow field, nominal data is recorded by the computer 15.When described light
When source laser device 7 launches lasing area 8, two CCD cameras 6 expose shooting simultaneously.Later, right by the computer 15
The photo of shooting is post-processed, and the Cross shaft in mixed-flow pump blade rim gap is obtained.
Above embodiments are merely to illustrate design philosophy and feature of the invention, and its object is to make technology in the art
Personnel can understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments.So it is all according to
It is within the scope of the present invention according to equivalent variations made by disclosed principle, mentality of designing or modification.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of 3D-PIV measuring device of mixed-flow pump blade rim gap flow field, which is characterized in that including pump shaft (2), impeller
(1), guide vane (5), runner envelope section (3), guide vane outlet pipe section (4) and 3D-PIV measuring system, the impeller (1) and guide vane
(5) it is linked together by pump shaft (2), impeller (1) front end is equipped with runner envelope section (3), and the guide vane end, which is equipped with, leads
Leaf outlet pipe section (4)；The runner envelope section (3) and guide vane outlet pipe section (4) connect and compose the mixed-flow pump pump housing, runner envelope section (3)
Smooth entirety is formed with smooth transition inside guide vane outlet pipe section (4), the runner envelope section (3) is made of transparent material, described
It is raised (11) that triangular prism is equipped on the outside of runner envelope section (3)；The 3D-PIV measuring system includes CCD camera (6), sheet laser laser
Device (7) and computer (15), the CCD camera (6), sheet laser laser (7) are connected with computer (15) respectively；
Runner envelope section (3) interior shape is that approximate straight tube is round in impeller (1) import leading portion, is straight on impeller (1) top
The circle that diameter is gradually increased along liquid flow path direction, runner envelope section (3) outer shape be lower part be it is rectangular, top be and inside diameter become
Change consistent circle, it is described round for annulus line (9)；
Corresponding impeller (1) end setting triangular prism is raised (11) outside runner envelope section (3)；The triangular prism raised (11) is outside
The quadrilateral surface of side and the outer ring surface of annulus pipeline (9) are tangent and be in an acute angle, triangular prism protrusion with perpendicular
(11) inside quadrilateral surface intersects vertically with quadrilateral surface on the outside of the triangular prism raised (11)；
Described triangular prism shaped raised (11) are equipped with 2 and symmetrical along the perpendicular where pump shaft (2), and the triangular prism is convex
Rising between (11) has a gap (14)；The width of the gap (14) is between 1~3mm；
Outside quadrilateral surface of CCD camera (6) shooting direction perpendicular to triangular prism shaped raised (11), the sheet laser laser
Gap (14) described in device (7) face issues lasing area.
2. a kind of 3D-PIV measuring device of mixed-flow pump blade rim gap flow field according to claim 1, feature exist
In runner envelope section (3) the material selection polymethyl methacrylate.
3. a kind of 3D-PIV measuring device of mixed-flow pump blade rim gap flow field according to claim 1, feature exist
In the runner envelope section (3) is connect with guide vane outlet pipe section (4) by screw rod.
4. a kind of 3D-PIV measuring device based on mixed-flow pump blade rim gap flow field of any of claims 1-3
Measurement method, which comprises the steps of:
Step 1, configure and runner envelope section (3) using the IodineSodium Solution of material refractive index close as mixed-flow pump conveying medium,
Selection average diameter is 13 μm, the silver-plated hollow glass ball of specific gravity 1.6 is as trace particle；
Step 2, sheet laser laser (7) is placed in the surface of runner envelope section (3), sheet laser laser (7) launches thickness
For 0.5mm~1mm and across the lasing area in pump shaft axle center, between the lasing area is located between described two triangular prisms raised (11)
The middle part of gap (14)；
Step 3, the quadrangle camera lens of 2 CCD cameras (6) being respectively perpendicular on the outside of 2 triangular prism protrusions (11) described in face
Face, and the extended line of two CCD camera camera lenses is intersected in a bit, the range of the angle [alpha] between the extended line is less than
120°；
Step 4, tested flow field is demarcated, records nominal data by computer (15), when sheet laser laser (7) emit
Out when lasing area, 2 CCD cameras (6) expose shooting simultaneously, are post-processed, are obtained to the photo of shooting by computer (15)
Obtain the Cross shaft in mixed-flow pump blade rim gap.
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| CN201810841178.7A CN108953171B (en) | 2018-07-27 | 2018-07-27 | A kind of the 3D-PIV measuring device and method of mixed-flow pump blade rim gap flow field |
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| CN110630528A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-12-31 | 江苏大学 | Visual measuring device of mixed flow pump blade rim leakage flow |
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| CN112229820B (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2022-09-09 | 江苏大学镇江流体工程装备技术研究院 | Method for measuring refractive index of dye cell |
| CN112525275B (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2023-06-20 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Pipeline three-dimensional flow field measurement system based on PIV method |
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