CN108952654A - A kind of well fracturing method - Google Patents
A kind of well fracturing method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108952654A CN108952654A CN201710345810.4A CN201710345810A CN108952654A CN 108952654 A CN108952654 A CN 108952654A CN 201710345810 A CN201710345810 A CN 201710345810A CN 108952654 A CN108952654 A CN 108952654A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- acid solution
- fracturing fluid
- fracturing
- viscosity
- discharge capacity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000021185 dessert Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011850 desserts Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001748 carbonate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 241000361919 Metaphire sieboldi Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 physical property Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009510 drug design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000855 fungicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/267—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures reinforcing fractures by propping
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to field of petroleum exploitation, and in particular to a kind of method of well fracturing method, the multistage liquids injection such as fracturing fluid, acid solution and liquid-carrier including the different viscositys of use realizes the maximization of fracturing reform volume.The method provided according to the present invention does not use or less with proppant, but pass through physics and the chemical synthesis effect of the fracturing fluid of classification injection and acid solution, rock self-supporting effect is formed in crack, and realize all standing and effectively connection of the complex fracture within the scope of major fracture, to obviously increase the flow conductivity of fracturing fracture, pressing crack construction effect is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of well fracturing method, in particular to a kind of pressure break side for being particularly suitable for shale oil/gas well
Method belongs to field of petroleum exploitation.
Background technique
Currently, shale gas horizontal well volume fracturing technology mainly uses the mixing of low-viscosity slippery water and middle high viscosity glue
Fracturing process.First with slippery water seam, links up and extend numerous microcrack systems, while carrying 70-140 mesh small particle
Proppant and/or 40-70 mesh proppant, then full-bodied glue makes main seam in utilization, and carries 40-70 mesh and 30-50 mesh
Big partial size proppant.Application has obtained biggish success to this fracturing technique at the scene, and in areas such as Fuling, long peace Weiyuans
Realize the commercial development of shale gas.
But there is also some limitations for above-mentioned fracturing technique.For example, only being formed in nearly well slit band after pressure break
Complex fracture system, the complexity in remote well area crack is relatively low, the transformation volume in crack has the space further promoted.Pressure
The synthesis sand liquor ratio of construction is split generally 5% hereinafter, lower in deep layer shale gas pressure break, generally 3% or so.Therefore, no
Pipe is main seam or branch seam, or stitches the slit that is connected to branch, flow conductivity all relative deficiencies, with the extension of production time,
A possibility that effectively closed pressure continues to increase, and fracture condudtiviy is successively decreased comparatively fast, thus crack is caused to be failed increase, pressure break
Effective period shortens, especially even more so in the high clossing pressure of deep layer.
Therefore, it is necessary to study and propose that a kind of new volume fracturing technology avoids crack from leading to improve reservoir reconstruction volume
Stream ability rapid decrement extends the effective period of pressure break, improves shale fracturing effect.
Summary of the invention
For reservoir reconstruction volume in existing fracturing technique, insufficient, fracture condudtiviy is successively decreased very fast and pressure break effective
The defects of period is shorter, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of new well fracturing method, especially especially suitable for shale oil gas
The fracturing process of well with abundant seam and is linked up major fracture, branch crack and the microcrack being connected to branch crack, is mentioned to the maximum extent
High reservoir reconstruction volume (SRV).
The well fracturing method provided according to the present invention, comprising the following steps:
1) formation parameter is measured；
2) formation parameter measured based on step 1), determines perforating site, and select fracturing parameter；
3) implement perforating job, and formation at target locations is pre-processed；
4) the first fracturing fluid is injected to formation at target locations optionally in injection process, to be added in first fracturing fluid
Proppant；
5) the second fracturing fluid is injected to stratum, wherein the viscosity of second fracturing fluid is greater than first fracturing fluid
Viscosity；
Optionally, first fracturing fluid and second fracturing fluid 6) are successively injected to stratum,
7) first fracturing fluid and third fracturing fluid are successively injected to stratum, wherein the viscosity of the third fracturing fluid
More than or equal to the viscosity of second fracturing fluid；
8) acid solution is injected to stratum；With
9) it breaks glue and returns row.
In fracturing process provided by the invention, is injected by fracturing fluid, acid solution and multi-stage alternate, make it in formation fracture
Physics, chemical action are generated, and then on the one hand can be acted on using the self-supporting of fracture surface, is on the other hand formed using acid-rock reaction
Seepage channel, the unlimited fracture condudtiviy of similar high channel pressure break is formed in crack, to greatly improve having for pressure break
The period is imitated, all standing and effectively connection of the complex fracture within the scope of major fracture is realized, is finally reached and improves page to greatest extent
The purpose of rock gas well fracturing effect.
As it was noted above, usually first with slippery water seam, linking up and extending numerous in state of the art
Microcrack system, while 70-140 mesh small particle proppant and/or 40-70 mesh proppant are carried, it is then full-bodied in utilization
Glue makes main seam, and carries 40-70 mesh and the big partial size proppant of 30-50 mesh.It uses in fracturing technique at present, in fracturing fracture
Proppant is supported on rock sealed fracture face, can quick crashing under the action of clossing pressure.
However, it is contemplated that the flow conductivity of proppant successively decreases rapidly under clossing pressure effect, especially closed in deep layer height
Under the conditions of resultant pressure, successively decrease faster, in order to increase the flow conductivity in crack, present invention introduces and use rock self-supporting effect
It answers, that is, there is part rock to press off rear Natural closure, regardless of clossing pressure has much, the skeleton of rock will not all be destroyed.At this
In invention, without using proppant in entire fracturing process, or only proppant can be added fracturing fluid early period in pump note.This
The method of invention is not against proppant supporting crack, by using construction procedure described in step 4)-step 8), on fracture surface
The effect of rock self-supporting is generated, while chemical action occurs for the acid solution of step 8) injection and rock, forms the rock for being lower than self-supporting
The fissure channel face in cliff face, and be interconnected, thus it also can get infinitely splitting for similar high channel pressure break without proppant support
Stitch flow conductivity.At this point, the crack of formation is hardly influenced by any clossing pressure regardless of clossing pressure is how high, therefore,
Fracture condudtiviy is not only close to infinity, and flow conductivity successively decreases fairly slow, and the effective period of pressure break can also significantly prolong
It is long, to greatly improve the effect of fracturing yield increasing.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as key step, proppant is not used in step 4)-step 8).
Additionally or alternatively, the step 4) of the method for the present invention can be used or without using proppant.In some embodiments of the invention
In, proppant is used in step 4).In some further embodiments, proppant is used in step 4), and step 5)-walks
It is rapid 8) not use proppant.As above it is analyzed, in method of the invention, even if not using proppant, or only in step
4) using the proppant of small particle in, the effect of self-supporting can be also generated in crack, avoided caused by proppant is crushed and led
The rapid decrement problem of stream ability, so as to increase substantially the effective period of pressure break.
Some preferred embodiments according to the present invention, in step 8), the acid solution is wrapped in capsule, the glue
Capsule is delivered in stratum by liquid-carrier carrying.Acid solution is wrapped in capsule, can play prevents acid solution and be previously injected
The reaction of high viscose liquid and the effect of the viscosity that reduces glue.After the capsule for being enclosed with acid solution reaches predetermined position, with landing surface
The recovery of temperature, glue viscosity slowly reduce, and crack is slowly closed, the extruding of this clossing pressure and formation temperature it is dual
Effect, can destroy capsule, and the acid solution in capsule can be chemically reacted with the rock of contact, and it is logical to form multiple similar earthworm hole acid etchings
Road, and then help to create the unlimited fracture condudtiviy of similar high channel pressure break.
Preferably, the viscosity of the liquid-carrier is in 0.5mPa.s~4mPa.s, preferably 1mPa.s~3mPa.s, to generate
Significantly " viscous fingering " effect, that is, the low viscosity liquid being subsequently implanted into preferentially are broken through in the opposite high-viscous liquid injected before,
Form flow channel.
Preferably, corrosion rate of the acid solution to the rock core of formation at target locations (measuring temperature is the corresponding temperature of formation condition)
In 25% or more, more preferable 30-40%, to improve the acid corrosion fracture effect formed.It is further preferred that extend with
Hydrochloric acid can be selected in carbonate mineral in corrosion intrinsic fracture, and mud acid system can be selected in the complex lithology in corrosion stratum.Specifically
Hydrochloric acid and mud acid formula, can be on the basis of rock core mineral constituent be analyzed, in conjunction with the ingredient point of charges in intrinsic fracture
The experimental results such as analysis, the corrosion of rock core acid and acid solution compatibility select and optimize.For example, being if filling ingredient in intrinsic fracture
Carbonate mineral content in carbonate mineral or rock core is higher (such as larger than 12%), can consider hydrochloric acid in the early period of construction.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the construction later period preferably uses mud acid.Since HF the and HCl composition in mud acid can divide
The different rock composition of other corrosion, therefore be easier to be formed in rock surface and etch.
In certain preferred embodiments of the invention, the acid solution includes the first acid solution successively injected and the second acid
Liquid, first acid solution are carried by the first liquid-carrier and are conveyed, and second acid solution is carried by second liquid carrier and conveyed,
In,
First acid solution and second acid solution are identical or different, wherein second acid solution is preferably mud acid；
The viscosity of the second liquid carrier is greater than the viscosity of first liquid-carrier.
The discharge capacity of acid solution capsule is relatively high, can be longer and thicker with the track of guarantee " viscous fingering ".Therefore, into one
It walks in preferred embodiment, the injection discharge capacity of second acid solution is greater than the injection discharge capacity of the first acid solution.Still more preferably
Ground, the injection discharge capacity of the first acid solution are the 65-75% of the maximum pump discharge in fracturing process, and the injection discharge capacity of the second acid solution is pressure break
Maximum pump discharge in the process.In this way, can the track of " viscous fingering " is thicker, elongate, increase " viscous fingering " effect.
Preferably, the viscosity of the first liquid-carrier is in 0.5-2mPa.s, such as 1mPa.s；The viscosity of second liquid carrier exists
2.5-4mPa.s such as 3mPa.s.In certain preferred embodiments of the invention, the first liquid-carrier is that viscosity is 0.5-
The emulsion-type slippery water of 2mPa.s, preferably 1mPa.s；Second liquid carrier is that viscosity is 2.5-4mPa.s, preferably the cream of 3mPa.s
Liquid type slippery water.
Since " viscous fingering " is not that a kind of track is being walked, there can be 2~3 kinds of fingering tracks extended in parallel, wait until
After these acid solution capsules reach predetermined position, including main seam and branch seam, with the recovery of formation temperature, glue viscosity slowly drops
Low, crack is slowly closed, and the extruding of this clossing pressure and the double action of formation temperature are destroyed capsule, in capsule
Acid solution can be chemically reacted with the rock of contact, formed multiple similar earthworm hole acid etching channels, played the role of self-supporting, significantly
Improve fracture condudtiviy.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, second acid solution is mud acid.It, can about the specific dosage of mud acid capsule
With can etch major fracture area 45-65%, such as 50%, formed 2mm~3mm etching depth be foundation, according to sour rock
Chemical equation determines.Preferably, the dosage of the first acid solution is the 30-40% (volume) of the second acid solution.In this way, can be with
Make acid solution and rock that suitable degree of chemical reaction occur, forms densely covered acid etching channel and with certain rigid channel bone
Frame to not only have sufficient enabling capabilities, but also has excellent flow conductivity.It is further preferred that first acid solution is
Hydrochloric acid, second acid solution are mud acid.
In the method for the invention, preferred steps 7) in use third fracturing fluid viscosity be greater than second fracturing fluid
Viscosity.First inject low glutinous fracturing fluid in this way, using, be then injected into stick fracturing fluid, the last side of the high glutinous fracturing fluid of injection
Formula.Various small minute yardstick Fracture Systems are linked up and are extended in the injection of low glutinous fracturing fluid in step 4)；Pressure break is sticked in being then poured into
Major fracture net pressure can be improved in liquid；The injection of last high glutinous fracturing fluid, can further widen major fracture channel, be promoted net in seam
Pressure, and then be conducive to open branch crack and microcrack.
As it was noted above, first with slippery water seam, linking up and extending numerous microcracks in existing fracturing process
The viscosity of system, slippery water reaches 9mPa.s~12mPa.s, and viscosity is relatively high, links up and extends small, microcrack ability drop
It is low, it is especially even more so when carrying out deep layer shale gas pressure break.However, in the method provided according to the present invention, in step 4)
It is middle use the lesser fracturing fluid of viscosity, such as the first fracturing fluid viscosity preferably in 0.5mPa.s~4mPa.s, preferably exist
1mPa.s~3mPa.s.Since the first fracturing fluid viscosity is smaller, with stronger communication and extend small crack and microcrack,
In later period after full-bodied fracturing fluid injection, small, microcrack can be made substantially to be pressed off.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the viscosity of first fracturing fluid 0.5mPa.s~
4mPa.s, preferably 1mPa.s~3mPa.s, preferably slippery water (low glutinous slippery water)；The viscosity of second fracturing fluid exists
20mPa.s~30mPa.s, preferably glue (middle viscose liquid)；The viscosity of the third fracturing fluid 80mPa.s~
100mPa.s, preferably glue (high viscose liquid).
According to the present invention it is possible to not use proppant in entire fracturing process, support can also be used at pressure break initial stage
Agent.In some specific embodiments of the invention, in step 4), support is added in the middle and later periods for injecting the first fracturing fluid
Agent.In addition, aforementioned so-called " middle and later periods of the first fracturing fluid of injection " can be regarded as after the first fracturing fluid injects half to complete
Between full injection.Any point-in-time of method of the invention preferably in this time course is initially added into proppant.
Preferably, in step 4), the partial size of the proppant used is 70-140 mesh.In the present invention, only in pressure break
Early period uses the proppant of small particle, is without adding big partial size such as partial size in the middle and later periods as in the prior art
The proppant of 40-70 mesh and 30-50 mesh plays the role of support.
Certain preferred embodiments according to the present invention, in step 5), the injection discharge capacity of second fracturing fluid is pressure
The 45-55% of highest discharge capacity during splitting；In step 6), the injection discharge capacity of second fracturing fluid is in fracturing process
The 65-75% of highest discharge capacity；In step 7), the injection discharge capacity of the third fracturing fluid is the highest discharge capacity in fracturing process.
The highest discharge capacity is default highest discharge capacity, selects after sunykatuib analysis in step 2) and optimizes to obtain.The tool in each stage
Body fracturing fluid injection discharge capacity can be determined by step 1) and step 2) according to the actual situation.
As this field conventional fracturing process in, method of the invention is before implementing pressing crack construction, before being pressed
Evaluating reservoir, i.e. step 1) measure formation parameter.The formation parameter includes the lithology and mineral constituent, physical property, hole on stratum
The crucial reservoir parameter such as structure feature, stratification and intrinsic fracture developmental state, rock mechanics and crustal stress, it is main according to earthquake and
The means such as geologic information, well logging and well logging analysis, core experiment analysis are sought.The evaluation method of reservoir and the acquisition of parameter
Method be it is known in the art, will not repeat herein.
Complete step 1) in the evaluation on stratum after, according to the present invention, step 2) the following steps are included:
2a) the formation parameter measured based on step 1) determines geology dessert and engineering dessert on target well horizontal segment
Distribution, and then determine perforating site, preferably using the double desserts of Geological Engineering as perforating site；
2b) by sunykatuib analysis, to the section spacing of fracturing fracture, seam is long and flow conductivity optimizes；
2c) according to the optimum results of step 2b), to different fracturing fluid liquid measures, fracturing fluid viscosity, fracturing fluid discharge capacity, branch
Fracture geometric size and flow conductivity under the conditions of supportting dosage and sand liquor ratio of constructing carry out sunykatuib analysis, and selection meets step 2b)
It is required that construction parameter；With
2d) it is based on step 2c), the development law of the net pressure of major fracture at any time is simulated, net pressure is obtained and construction is joined
Relationship between number.
More specifically, step 2) may include the work in terms of following (1)-(5).
(1) it carries out geology and engineering dessert is analyzed.On the basis of step 1), according to total content of organic carbon (TOC), gassiness
Amount, brittle mineral content etc. determine that the geology dessert and engineering dessert on target well horizontal segment are distributed, preferentially determine Geological Engineering
Double desserts are as perforating site.
(2) split waveguide is carried out, including section spacing, seam length and optimization of flow conductivity etc..It can be according to common
ECLIPSE software carries out sunykatuib analysis.The method that orthogonal design can be used reduces the workload of simulative optimization.
(3) fracturing parameter is optimized.On the basis of the fracture parameters optimized in (2), using common
MEYER software is simulated, the method that orthogonal design can be used, and simulates different fracturing fluid liquid measures, viscosity, discharge capacity, support dosage
And Fracture geometric size and flow conductivity under the conditions of construction sand liquor ratio.Final choice meets change viscosity, the change discharge capacity that (2) require
Under construction parameter combination.In the different phase of construction, simulative optimization can also be carried out stage by stage, it is ensured that the fining of construction.
(4) major fracture net pressure is simulated and is controlled.On the basis of (3), the fine pressure of major fracture is further investigated
The development law of power at any time, and investigate its sensibility between each construction parameter.If net pressure is larger, more than original water
When horizontal stress difference or the critical opening pressure of intrinsic fracture, net pressure should be controlled and do not allow intrinsic fracture to open too early, until master is split
Until seam length reaches design requirement.If fine pressure force value is lower, it is difficult to reach the critical pressure for opening intrinsic fracture, be considered as
The compulsive measures such as diverting agent in taking alternately acid filling or stitching, to promote the complexity degree in crack.
After determining perforating site, implementable perforating job.Some preferred embodiments according to the present invention set pressure break
Perforation number of clusters is 2~4 clusters in the section in crack, and makes 3~6 eyelets simultaneously to a crack feed flow；It is preferred that using water-jet
Carry out the mode of perforation in plane.In actual fracturing process, specific perforation number of clusters in section, in combination with the mould in step 2)
The choosing comprehensivelies such as quasi- result and the brittleness of rock, such as can be with 2~3 clusters, it can also be with 3~4 clusters.Perforating modes preferably use waterpower
Spraycan, can perforation in a plane, it is ensured that 3~6 eyelets are simultaneously to a crack feed flow, to promote filling for crack
Divide the promotion extended with net pressure, realizes the promotion of crack complexity.
After perforation, pretreatment can be executed to purpose stratum, such as carries out sour processing.Pretreatment to purpose stratum
It can be carried out by old process well known to those of ordinary skill in the art, therefore not to repeat here.
After implementing pretreatment, step 4)-step 8) implements pressing crack construction as described above.
Then, according to the method for the present invention, the implementation steps 9 after the step 8)) broken glue returns row, and it can also include routine
Ask the operation such as production.
Preferred embodiment according to the present invention, in full well section pressure break formula of liquid and gel breaker by the base for synchronizing brokenly glue design
On plinth, it is estimated reach synchronous gel breaking time after, then closing well 2~3 hours (the specific closed-in time in combination with specific rock core sour rock
Response situation selects, premised on not generate secondary injury).The 70-140 mesh small particle proppant of injection early period is only small micro-
It is supported in crack, and small microcrack face convex-concave degree becomes the principal element for influencing fracture support, the small sedimentation of partial size is also slow in addition, because
This, the closed-in time causes the adverse effect of proppant sedimentation fracture transformation volume negligible.
In the methods of the invention, the row of returning, ask the processes such as production, referring to old process, do not go to live in the household of one's in-laws on getting married herein.
In the present invention, the acid solution capsule used is prepared by the way that the ingredient in various formulas to be wrapped in microcapsules.
The technology of preparing of microcapsules has been mature technology, can directly be used in the present invention.
In the present invention, the component of used fracturing fluid, formula etc., unless have special instruction herein, it otherwise can be by this
Field technical staff is specifically chosen according to the actual situation.As form substantially a example for fracturing fluid, can be such that with
Quality meter, including+0.1% cleanup additive of+0.3% expansion-resisting agent of 0.2% thickener, these ingredients are that those skilled in the art is ripe
Know.
In the present invention, mentioned slippery water and glue are all common in wellfracturing technical field, specific formulas
Can be selected according to the actual situation by those skilled in the art, for example, glue main component be thickener, surfactant and its
His adjuvant (fungicide, expansion-resisting agent etc.), therefore not to repeat here.
In pressing crack construction of the fracturing process provided by the invention especially suitable for shale oil/gas well.
The present invention includes but is not limited to following technical effect:
The present invention has rational design, simple process, is convenient for operation, pressing crack construction success rate high, can especially effectively improve
Crack complexity, the flow conductivity for increasing fracturing fracture, hence it is evident that pressing crack construction effect is improved, to obtain bigger economic effect
Benefit.
Specific embodiment
Below will by specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described, however, it is understood that the scope of the present invention is not
It is limited to the exemplary embodiment.
Embodiment
By taking use method of the invention is to Chinese Sichuan Basin shale gas well A well pressure break as an example, it is further described
The present invention.The fracturing process of the well is included the following steps.
Step 1, A well shale target reservoir is carried out pressing preceding fine evaluation.It is main according to earthquake and geologic information, well logging and
The means such as well logging analysis, core experiment analysis, accurate evaluation reservoir lithology and mineral constituent, physical property, pore structure characteristic, stratification
And the crucial reservoir parameter such as intrinsic fracture developmental state, rock mechanics and crustal stress, the design for arrangement and method for construction.After measured,
Target reservoir carbonate rock content 17%, quartz content 49%, elasticity modulus 45GPa, Poisson's ratio 0.22, maximum horizontal principal stress
64MPa, minimum horizontal principal stress 56MPa.
Step 2, on the basis of step 1, situations such as according to A well stratum TOC, air content, brittle mineral content, mesh is determined
The geology dessert and engineering dessert marked on well horizontal segment are distributed, preferential to determine the double desserts of Geological Engineering as perforating site.Then
Sunykatuib analysis is carried out using ECLIPSE software, using the method for orthogonal design, to fracturing fracture section spacing, seam length and water conservancy diversion energy
The parameters such as power optimize.
Step 3, according to the optimum results of step 2, using MEYER software to different fracturing fluid liquid measures, viscosity, discharge capacity, branch
Fracture geometric size and flow conductivity under the conditions of supportting dosage and sand liquor ratio of constructing carry out sunykatuib analysis, and final choice meets step
The 2 desired construction parameters for becoming viscosity, becoming under discharge capacity combine.When operational discharge capacity is 15m3/ min, net pressure 11MPa are more than
Original level stress difference 8MPa, at this point, intrinsic fracture may open too early.Therefore, operational discharge capacity is adjusted to 14m3/ min, this
When net pressure be 7MPa.
Step 4, according to the mineral constituent analysis in step 1 as a result, the carbonate of the A well target reservoir (vertical depth 2950m)
Rock content is 17%, carries out core corrosion experiment using hydrochloric acid, corrosion rate is 26%.In addition in view of being filled in the well intrinsic fracture
Filling out mineral is calcite, therefore early period of constructing selects hydrochloric acid.The construction later period selects mud acid.Ingredient in various formulas is wrapped in
In microcapsules, it is prepared into mud acid (12v%HCl+3v%HF) capsule and hydrochloric acid capsule.
Step 5, on the basis of step 2, in conjunction with rock brittleness feature, perforation number of clusters 2-3 cluster in section is determined.Using waterpower
Spraycan planar perforation, it is ensured that 6 eyelets are simultaneously to a crack feed flow.
Step 6, to formation at target locations low-kappa number.
Step 7, low glutinous slippery water (viscosity 1mPa.s) is first injected to link up and extend various small minute yardstick Fracture Systems,
The small particle proppant of 70-140 mesh is added in the middle and later periods of injection, and sand liquor ratio is 5% or so.Injection rate and discharge capacity etc. are referring to step
The hierarchy optimization of construction parameter is as a result, respectively injection rate 110m in 33, discharge capacity 14m3/min。
Step 8, on the basis of step 7, viscose liquid (20mPa.s~30mPa.s) in injection improves major fracture fine pressure
Power.In order to guarantee that enough glues are detained in branch seam and slit, discharge capacity is set as the 50% of design highest discharge capacity.Injection rate and
The hierarchy optimization of reference step 3 construction parameter such as discharge capacity is as a result, respectively injection rate 100m3, discharge capacity 7m3/min。
Step 9, slippery water and glue are alternately injected.On the basis of step 8,1-2 grades are alternately injected slippery water and glue.
That is, after step 8, being infused according to slippery water-glue (20mPa.s~30mPa.s)-slippery water-glue (viscosity 100mPa.s)
Enter in stratum.In the circulation injection process of rear stage, the viscosity of glue increases to 100mPa.s.The injection discharge capacity of glue is first
Phase is set as the 70% of design peak, and when injecting high viscosity glue in the later period, discharge capacity is set as design highest discharge capacity.Injection rate
And discharge capacity etc. referring to construction parameter in step 3 hierarchy optimization as a result, as follows: slippery water (1mPa.s) injection rate is 300m3,
Discharge capacity is 14m3/min；Glue (20mPa.s~30mPa.s) injection rate is 200m3, discharge capacity 14m3/min；Slippery water
(1mPa.s) injection rate is 300m3, discharge capacity 14m3/min；Glue (100mPa.s) injection rate is 100m3, discharge capacity 10m3/
min。
Step 10, on the basis of step 9, acid solution capsule is injected in two batches, first is with 1mPa.s emulsion-type slippery water
The capsule injection of package hydrochloric acid is carried, second batch is injected with the capsule that 3mPa.s emulsion-type slippery water carries package mud acid.About
The dosage of mud acid capsule, to etch 50%, 2mm~3mm etching depth of major fracture area for foundation, instead according to sour lithification
Equation is answered to determine, result is mud acid dosage 105kg.The dosage of hydrochloric acid capsule, by the 35% of mud acid capsule.In order to ensure " viscous
Stagnant fingering " effect, the injection discharge capacity of first hydrochloric acid capsule are set as designing the 70% of maximum pump discharge, are 10.8m3/min；The
The injection discharge capacity of two batches of mud acid capsules is set as designing maximum pump discharge, is 14m3/min。
Step 11, it after expecting to reach synchronous gel breaking time, then is closed in full well section by glue design gel breaker dosage is synchronized brokenly
Well 2 hours.
Step 12, pressing crack construction numerical simulation is carried out through the invention, and A well completes altogether 16 section of 37 cluster pressure break, adds up note
Enter the total liquid measure 19204m in stratum3, add up to add sand 406m3, open-flow capacity is up to 8.46 × 10 after pressure4m3/ d, compared with conventional-volume pressure break side
Method volume increase 30%, achieves significant economic benefit.
Step 13, analysis and assessment after pressing A well, transformation volume reach 23,000,000 sides, and flow conductivity reaches 1.8D
Cm-2.9Dcm, the results showed that actual volume seam effect is ideal, and fracture condudtiviy is higher, it is contemplated that stable production period is longer.
Although the present invention has been described in detail, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that in spirit and scope of the invention
Modification will be apparent.However, it should be understood that various aspects, different specific embodiment that the present invention records
Each section and the various features enumerated can be combined or all or part of exchange.In above-mentioned each specific embodiment, that
A little embodiments with reference to another embodiment can be combined suitably with other embodiment, this is will be by this field skill
Art personnel are to understand.In addition, it will be understood to those of skill in the art that the description of front is only exemplary mode, not purport
In the limitation present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of well fracturing method, which comprises the following steps:
1) formation parameter is measured；
2) formation parameter measured based on step 1), determines perforating site, and select fracturing parameter；
3) implement perforating job, and formation at target locations is pre-processed；
4) the first fracturing fluid is injected to formation at target locations, optionally, in injection process, support is added in first fracturing fluid
Agent；
5) the second fracturing fluid is injected to stratum, wherein the viscosity of second fracturing fluid is greater than the viscosity of first fracturing fluid；
Optionally, first fracturing fluid and second fracturing fluid 6) are successively injected to stratum,
7) first fracturing fluid and third fracturing fluid are successively injected to stratum, wherein the viscosity of the third fracturing fluid is greater than
Or the viscosity equal to second fracturing fluid；
8) acid solution is injected to stratum；With
9) break that glue is counter arranges.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the acid solution is wrapped in capsule in step 8), institute
Capsule is stated to be delivered in stratum by liquid-carrier carrying；Preferably, the viscosity of the liquid-carrier is in 0.5mPa.s~4mPa.s.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that corrosion rate of the acid solution to the rock core of formation at target locations
In 25% or more, preferably 30-40%.
4. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the acid solution includes the first acid solution and second successively injected
Acid solution, first acid solution are carried by the first liquid-carrier and are conveyed, and second acid solution is carried by second liquid carrier and conveyed,
In,
First acid solution and second acid solution are identical or different, and second acid solution is preferably mud acid, first acid solution
Preferably hydrochloric acid；
The viscosity of the second liquid carrier is greater than the viscosity of first liquid-carrier；
Preferably, the injection discharge capacity of second acid solution is greater than the injection discharge capacity of the first acid solution.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the injection discharge capacity of the first acid solution is the maximum in fracturing process
The 65-75% of discharge capacity, the injection discharge capacity of the second acid solution are the maximum pump discharge in fracturing process；
Preferably, the dosage of the first acid solution is the 30-40 volume % of the second acid solution.
6. method according to any one of claims 1-5, which is characterized in that the viscosity of first fracturing fluid exists
The low glutinous slippery water of 0.5mPa.s~4mPa.s, preferably viscosity in 0.5mPa.s~4mPa.s；
The viscosity of second fracturing fluid sticks in 20mPa.s~30mPa.s in 20mPa.s~30mPa.s, preferably viscosity
Glue；
The viscosity of the third fracturing fluid is in 80mPa.s~100mPa.s, preferably height of the viscosity in 80mPa.s~100mPa.s
Viscose liquid.
7. method according to claim 1 to 6, which is characterized in that in step 4), injecting the first pressure break
Proppant is added in the middle and later periods of liquid, and the partial size of the preferably described proppant is 70-140 mesh.
8. method according to any one of claims 1-7, which is characterized in that in step 5), second fracturing fluid
Injection discharge capacity be fracturing process in highest discharge capacity 45-55%；In step 6), the injection discharge capacity of second fracturing fluid
For the 65-75% of the highest discharge capacity in fracturing process；In step 7), the injection discharge capacity of the third fracturing fluid is fracturing process
In highest discharge capacity.
9. method according to claim 1 to 8, which is characterized in that step 2) the following steps are included:
2a) the formation parameter measured based on step 1) determines that the geology dessert and engineering dessert on target well horizontal segment are distributed,
And then determine perforating site, preferably using the double desserts of Geological Engineering as perforating site；
2b) by sunykatuib analysis, to the section spacing of fracturing fracture, seam is long and flow conductivity optimizes；
2c) according to the optimum results of step 2b), to different fracturing fluid liquid measures, fracturing fluid viscosity, fracturing fluid discharge capacity, proppant
Fracture geometric size and flow conductivity under the conditions of amount and construction sand liquor ratio carry out sunykatuib analysis, and selection meets step 2b) it requires
Construction parameter；With
2d) be based on step 2c), simulate the development law of the net pressure of major fracture at any time, obtain net pressure and construction parameter it
Between relationship.
10. method according to claim 1 to 8, which is characterized in that set perforation cluster in the section of fracturing fracture
Number is 2~4 clusters, and makes 3~6 eyelets simultaneously to a crack feed flow；It is preferred that carrying out perforation in plane using water-jet
Mode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710345810.4A CN108952654B (en) | 2017-05-17 | 2017-05-17 | Fracturing method for oil and gas well |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710345810.4A CN108952654B (en) | 2017-05-17 | 2017-05-17 | Fracturing method for oil and gas well |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108952654A true CN108952654A (en) | 2018-12-07 |
| CN108952654B CN108952654B (en) | 2021-04-27 |
Family
ID=64461348
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710345810.4A Active CN108952654B (en) | 2017-05-17 | 2017-05-17 | Fracturing method for oil and gas well |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108952654B (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110388199A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-10-29 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Large-discharge-capacity composite acid fracturing modification method for carbonate reservoir |
| CN111456699A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-07-28 | 广州海洋地质调查局 | High-flow-guide through-layer fracturing method |
| CN112709561A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2021-04-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Low-pressure compact marlite reservoir transformation method |
| CN113931607A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2022-01-14 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Injection control method of shielding temporary plugging agent and application thereof |
| CN114059987A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2022-02-18 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Cluster type multistage gap acidizing and fracturing method and application thereof |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104564002A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-04-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Pumping stop sand setting fracture-height-controlling acid fracturing process method applicable to carbonate reservoir |
| CN105275446A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-01-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A volume fracturing modification method |
| US9447315B2 (en) * | 2013-09-04 | 2016-09-20 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Electrophilic acid gas-reactive fluid, proppant, and process for enhanced fracturing and recovery of energy producing materials |
| CN106321054A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2017-01-11 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Acid fracturing method of carbonate rock reservoir |
| CN106567702A (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2017-04-19 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for improving complexity index of deep shale gas fracture |
-
2017
- 2017-05-17 CN CN201710345810.4A patent/CN108952654B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9447315B2 (en) * | 2013-09-04 | 2016-09-20 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Electrophilic acid gas-reactive fluid, proppant, and process for enhanced fracturing and recovery of energy producing materials |
| CN105275446A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-01-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A volume fracturing modification method |
| CN104564002A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-04-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Pumping stop sand setting fracture-height-controlling acid fracturing process method applicable to carbonate reservoir |
| CN106321054A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2017-01-11 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Acid fracturing method of carbonate rock reservoir |
| CN106567702A (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2017-04-19 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for improving complexity index of deep shale gas fracture |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 蒋廷学等: "页岩气水平井分段压裂优化设计新方法", 《石油钻探技术》 * |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110388199A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-10-29 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Large-discharge-capacity composite acid fracturing modification method for carbonate reservoir |
| CN110388199B (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2021-06-01 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Large-discharge-capacity composite acid fracturing modification method for carbonate reservoir |
| CN112709561A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2021-04-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Low-pressure compact marlite reservoir transformation method |
| CN111456699A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-07-28 | 广州海洋地质调查局 | High-flow-guide through-layer fracturing method |
| CN113931607A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2022-01-14 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Injection control method of shielding temporary plugging agent and application thereof |
| CN113931607B (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2024-05-17 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Injection control method of shielding temporary plugging agent and application thereof |
| CN114059987A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2022-02-18 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Cluster type multistage gap acidizing and fracturing method and application thereof |
| CN114059987B (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2024-04-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Cluster type multistage clearance acidizing fracturing method and application thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108952654B (en) | 2021-04-27 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108952654A (en) | A kind of well fracturing method | |
| CN106321054B (en) | A kind of acid fracturing method of carbonate reservoir | |
| CN102913221B (en) | Volume transformation process of low permeability reservoir | |
| CN106350043B (en) | Complex Temporary Blocking agent and Complex Temporary Blocking method for temporarily blocking up in turnaround fracture | |
| CN107503729B (en) | A kind of micro- support fracturing method improving pressure break stationary phase | |
| CN101952544B (en) | Method of hydraulic fracturing of horizontal wells, resulting in increased production | |
| CN107558979B (en) | A kind of method of shale volume pressure break | |
| CN106246150B (en) | Oil field fracturing transformation method | |
| CN108661617A (en) | A kind of fracturing process for increasing high-temperature stratum and manually stitching net complexity | |
| CN102606129B (en) | Method and system for thin interbed oilfield development | |
| CN109763806A (en) | A kind of volume fracturing method of the multiple dimensioned proppant pack of deep layer shale gas | |
| CN109958426A (en) | A kind of fracturing process improving deep layer shale gas crack complexity | |
| CN109931045A (en) | A kind of self-supporting acid fracturing method of double slit system | |
| CN107245330A (en) | Complex Temporary Blocking agent and temporary blocking method for horizontal well refracturing | |
| CN109751029A (en) | A kind of method of deep layer shale gas pressure break | |
| CN105275446A (en) | A volume fracturing modification method | |
| CN105239990A (en) | Well spacing method for lateral displacement horizontal well of ultra-low permeability tight oil reservoir simulation local well | |
| CN109958425A (en) | A kind of deep layer shale gas improves the fracturing process of multi-scale facture rupture | |
| CN102071922B (en) | Low permeable oil deposit virtual horizontal well development method | |
| CN109594959A (en) | A kind of pressure break flooding method improving old filed thin and poor layer harvesting business efficiency | |
| CN105041289A (en) | Method for forming multiple seams by temporarily blocking seam and forcibly turning plane | |
| CN107989592A (en) | A kind of horizontal well fracturing method | |
| CN109653721A (en) | A kind of saturating oil reservoir pressure break energization displacement of reservoir oil integrated technique of shallow-layer low pressure and low permeability | |
| CN109958424A (en) | A method of realizing that hydraulic fracture end effectively blocks | |
| CN109424346A (en) | A kind of stepless variable element ramp type injection fracturing process of deep layer shale gas |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |