CN108947390B - Anchor-shotcreting support heat-preservation construction method for side slope in alpine region - Google Patents
Anchor-shotcreting support heat-preservation construction method for side slope in alpine region Download PDFInfo
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- CN108947390B CN108947390B CN201810833261.XA CN201810833261A CN108947390B CN 108947390 B CN108947390 B CN 108947390B CN 201810833261 A CN201810833261 A CN 201810833261A CN 108947390 B CN108947390 B CN 108947390B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/70—Grouts, e.g. injection mixtures for cables for prestressed concrete
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method of a side slope anchor-shotcrete support heat-preservation square in a severe cold area, which comprises the following steps: (1) adding the antifreezing agent, the sand and the cement into a grouting machine at the same time, stirring uniformly, using the antifreezing agent after passing through a sieve with the aperture not more than 0.6mm, and determining the mixing amount of the antifreezing agent as follows: the outdoor temperature is not less than-5 ℃, the mixing amount of the antifreezing agent is not more than 3% of the weight of the cement, the outdoor temperature is-10 to-5 ℃, the mixing amount of the antifreezing agent is 3 to 7% of the weight of the cement, the outdoor temperature is-15 to-10 ℃, the mixing amount of the antifreezing agent is 7 to 11% of the weight of the cement, and the construction is stopped when the outdoor temperature is lower than-15 ℃; (2) and (3) uniformly stirring the grouting machine, opening a valve of the grouting machine to connect with a grouting hose after the pressure of the grouting machine reaches 1.5MPa, and injecting cement mortar mixed with the antifreezing agent into the anchor rod hole. The invention provides a slope anchor-shotcrete support heat-preservation construction method for a high and cold area, which can realize slope anchor-shotcrete support construction under a negative temperature condition, save the construction period and save the construction cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydroelectric engineering, in particular to a construction method of a side slope anchor-shotcrete support heat-preservation square in a severe cold area.
Background
The construction of large hydropower stations relates to a large amount of high slope excavation support construction, and after the conventional dam slope excavation construction, the construction is generally carried out in a form of anchor-shotcrete support in order to ensure the stability of the slope and prevent the surrounding rock of the slope from weathering again. However, when the external temperature of a general project is below the negative temperature, conventional anchor-spraying support construction cannot be carried out, so that the support cannot be followed in time after the side slope is excavated, the subsequent construction is difficult to carry out safely, normal anchor-spraying support construction can be carried out only when the temperature rises to above 5 ℃, the construction period of the whole project is prolonged, and the construction cost of the project is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that the support cannot be followed in time after the slope is excavated when the external temperature reaches below the negative temperature, the project construction period is prolonged and the construction cost is increased in the existing anchor-spraying support technology, and provides the slope anchor-spraying support heat-preservation construction method for realizing the slope anchor-spraying support construction under the negative temperature condition, saving the construction period and saving the construction cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: an anchor-shotcreting support heat-insulating construction method for a side slope in a severe cold area comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the antifreezing agent, the sand and the cement into a grouting machine at the same time, uniformly stirring, adding water, and stirring, wherein the stirring time is prolonged by 50% compared with the normal temperature, the mixing water of the concrete is heated to 40-60 ℃, the poured concrete is not lower than 5 ℃, and the curing time is not less than seven days; the weight ratio of cement to sand is 1: 1-1: 2, the weight ratio of cement to water is 1: 0.38-1: 0.45, the sand is medium-fine sand with the grain diameter not more than 2.5 mm; the antifreeze is used after passing through a sieve with the aperture not more than 0.6mm, and the method for determining the mixing amount of the antifreeze is as follows: the outdoor temperature is not less than-5 ℃, the mixing amount of the antifreezing agent is not more than 3% of the weight of the cement, the outdoor temperature is-10 to-5 ℃, the mixing amount of the antifreezing agent is 3 to 7% of the weight of the cement, the outdoor temperature is-15 to-10 ℃, the mixing amount of the antifreezing agent is 7 to 11% of the weight of the cement, and the construction is stopped when the outdoor temperature is lower than-15 ℃;
(2) and (3) uniformly stirring the grouting machine, opening a valve of the grouting machine after the pressure of the grouting machine reaches 1.5MPa to connect with a grouting hose to inject cement mortar mixed with an antifreezing agent into the anchor rod hole, inserting the grouting pipe into the bottom of the hole firstly during grouting, beginning to inject cement mortar according to 50-100 cm, slowly and uniformly pulling out the grouting pipe along with the injection of the mortar to fill the hole with the mortar, and finally sealing the anchor rod hole by using the mortar with a high mark number.
And after the anchor rod construction process is finished, the exposed anchor rod is wrapped by using rubber and plastic sponge, the sprayed concrete surface is covered by using the rubber and plastic sponge, and the covering thickness is 2-3 layers according to the temperature of the day.
When the temperature is lower than zero, when the mixing station sprays the anchor, firstly, the raw materials and the mixing station are subjected to heat preservation and heating treatment, sand and pea stones in sprayed concrete are subjected to steam preheating and heating, the concrete dry materials required by the spraying anchor reach more than 30 ℃, the dump truck adopts heat preservation treatment in the transportation process, and the concrete temperature loss of the aggregate of the sand and the stone in the transportation process is reduced to 2-3 ℃.
After the anchor rod grouting construction is completed, the telescopic arm lifter is manually utilized, the anchor rod and the reinforcing mesh piece are firstly placed in a safety working fence of the lifter, and constructors convey the anchor rod and the reinforcing mesh piece to preset positions along with the rising of the lifter to install the anchor rod and the reinforcing mesh piece; when another anchor rod and steel mesh are installed, the lifting trolley adjusts the position of the next anchor rod and steel mesh to be installed through self movement, and the last installation procedure is repeated after the position of the next anchor rod and steel mesh to be installed is adjusted by the lifting trolley until the whole anchor rod and steel mesh construction procedure is completed.
The mortar anchor rod is connected with a mortar inlet pipe, the diameter of the mortar anchor rod is DN20mm, and the length of the mortar anchor rod is 50-100 cm longer than that of the anchor rod.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following positive effects: according to the anchor-spraying support heat-preservation construction method for the side slope in the alpine region, before construction, reasonable raw material proportion is determined according to outdoor temperature, proper anti-freezing agent mixing amount is selected according to the air temperature, the anti-freezing agent mixing amount is increased along with the reduction of the outdoor temperature, the strength of cement mortar obtained through the raw material proportion and the anti-freezing agent mixing amount reaches design requirements, anchor-spraying support construction is normally carried out under the condition of actual negative temperature, the construction progress and quality are improved, and the construction cost is reduced.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the heat preservation construction method for the anchor-shotcrete support of the side slope in the alpine region is further explained and explained by combining the specific embodiment.
A heat preservation construction method for anchor-shotcrete support of a side slope in a severe cold area comprises the following construction process flows: side slope excavation → ballast cleaning to slope acceptance → side slope initial spraying → anchor rod construction → net hanging construction → concrete spraying construction → next work cycle. The construction method comprises the following steps:
step (1): the anchor rod is in support construction under a negative temperature state (-15 ℃ -minus 0 ℃), and reasonable dosage of the anti-freezing agent is selected and proper water temperature is adopted to adjust the dosage of cement mortar according to the external temperature condition; adding the antifreezing agent, the sand and the cement into a grouting machine at the same time, uniformly stirring, adding water, and stirring, wherein the stirring time is prolonged by 50% compared with the normal temperature, the mixing water of the concrete is heated to 40-60 ℃, the poured concrete is not lower than 5 ℃, and the curing time is not less than seven days;
wherein the weight ratio of cement to sand is 1: 1-1: 2, the weight ratio of cement to water is 1: 0.38-1: 0.45, the sand is medium-fine sand with the grain diameter not more than 2.5 mm; the antifreezing agent is stored in a warehouse to prevent moisture, if sticky blocks are found, the antifreezing agent is crushed firstly and used after passing through a sieve with the aperture of 0.6mm, and the mixing amount of the antifreezing agent is determined as follows: the outdoor temperature is not less than-5 ℃, the mixing amount of the antifreezing agent is 3 percent of the weight of the cement, the outdoor temperature ranges from-10 to-5 ℃, the mixing amount of the antifreezing agent is 7 percent of the weight of the cement, the outdoor temperature ranges from-15 to-10 ℃, and the mixing amount of the antifreezing agent is 11 percent of the weight of the cement; the mixing ratio of the mortar anchor rod used in the construction in the embodiment
M25 mortar mixing proportion (dosage of mortar per square)
Mixing the mortar before construction, and taking 3 groups of test blocks; sampling cement mortar prepared by a mortar anchor rod during construction, detecting the strength of the cement mortar, manufacturing 3 groups of antifreeze-doped hydraulic mortar test blocks for grouting, detecting the compression strength of the test blocks for 7 days and 28 days, wherein the first two groups are trial mortar strengths, the age conditions of 7 days and 28 days are respectively carried out, the third group is the construction strength of sampling under the age condition of 28 days during construction, and the specific results are as follows in the following table 1:
TABLE 1 mortar Strength test data analysis
In the above table, the strength of the mortar test block in 7 days is 24MPa and reaches 96% of the designed strength under the same-condition curing, and the strength of the mortar test block in 28 days is 28MPa and reaches 112% of the designed strength under the same-condition curing; the mortar strength of 28 days of field construction is 32.2MPa, which reaches 129% of the designed strength.
After the grouting of the anchor rod is finished, the drawing force detection results of the mortar anchor rod doped with the antifreeze under the age condition of 28 days are shown in the following table 2:
TABLE 2 pullout force test results
Through the age of 28 days (the drawing force of the side slope anchor rod is designed to be 80 KN), 2 groups of mortar-doped anchor rods and 1 group of mortar anchor rods which are not doped with the antifreezing agent are randomly extracted on site to carry out the drawing force test; the tensile force of the anchor rod without adulteration of the antifreezing agent is 81.2KN through tests, and exceeds 100.2% of the design tensile force; the drawing force of the anchor rod doped with the antifreeze is 86.1KN and 82.3KN, exceeds 107.6 percent and 102.9 percent of the design drawing force, and both exceed the design drawing force and meet the design requirement.
Step (2): the grouting machine is uniformly stirred, after the pressure of the grouting machine reaches 1.5MPa, a valve of the grouting machine is opened to be connected with a grouting hose, cement mortar doped with an antifreezing agent is injected into the anchor rod hole, during grouting, a grouting pipe is firstly inserted into the bottom of the hole, cement mortar is injected according to the length of 50-100 cm, the grouting pipe is slowly and uniformly pulled out along with the injection of the mortar, the hole is filled with the mortar, and finally the anchor rod hole is sealed by using the high-grade mortar;
and (3): after the anchor rod construction process is finished, the exposed anchor rod is wrapped by rubber-plastic sponge;
and (4): after the anchor rod grouting construction is completed, the telescopic arm lifter is manually utilized, the anchor rod and the reinforcing mesh piece are firstly placed in a safety working fence of the lifter, and constructors convey the anchor rod and the reinforcing mesh piece to preset positions along with the rising of the lifter to install the anchor rod and the reinforcing mesh piece; when another anchor rod and steel mesh are installed, the lifting trolley adjusts the position of the next anchor rod and steel mesh to be installed through self movement, and the last installation procedure is repeated after the position of the next anchor rod and steel mesh to be installed is adjusted by the lifting trolley until the whole anchor rod and steel mesh construction procedure is completed;
and (5): when the temperature is lower than zero, when the mixing station carries out anchor spraying, firstly, the raw materials and the mixing station are subjected to heat preservation and heating treatment, sand and pea stones in sprayed concrete are subjected to steam preheating and heating, concrete dry materials required by anchor spraying are ensured to reach more than 30 ℃, the dump truck adopts heat preservation treatment in the transportation process, and the concrete temperature loss of the aggregate in the transportation process is ensured to be reduced to 2-3 ℃;
and (6): shotcrete is typically sprayed on the day at 10 a.m.: 00- - -15: 00, immediately covering the sprayed concrete surface with rubber-plastic sponge, wherein the covering thickness is 2-3 layers according to the temperature of the day.
By adopting the technology of the slope anchor-spraying support heat-preservation construction method in the alpine region, the problem that the project in the alpine and high-altitude region cannot be subjected to the influence of low-temperature climate is solved, the slope anchor-spraying support construction is normally carried out in 12-1 month and 3-4 months at the project part by adopting the technology in the construction, the project construction period is greatly shortened, and meanwhile, great safety guarantee is brought to slope stability.
Claims (1)
1. A thermal insulation construction method for anchor-shotcrete support of a side slope in a severe cold area is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the antifreezing agent, the sand and the cement into a grouting machine at the same time, uniformly stirring, adding water, and stirring, wherein the stirring time is prolonged by 50% compared with the normal temperature, the mixing water of the concrete is heated to 40-60 ℃, the poured concrete is not lower than 5 ℃, and the curing time is not less than seven days; the weight ratio of cement to sand is 1: 1-1: 2, the weight ratio of cement to water is 1: 0.38-1: 0.45, the sand is medium-fine sand with the grain diameter not more than 2.5 mm; the antifreeze is used after passing through a sieve with the aperture not more than 0.6mm, and the method for determining the mixing amount of the antifreeze is as follows: the outdoor temperature is not less than-5 ℃, the mixing amount of the antifreezing agent is not more than 3% of the weight of the cement, the outdoor temperature is-10 to-5 ℃, the mixing amount of the antifreezing agent is 3 to 7% of the weight of the cement, the outdoor temperature is-15 to-10 ℃, and the mixing amount of the antifreezing agent is 7 to 11% of the weight of the cement;
(2) the grouting machine is uniformly stirred, after the pressure of the grouting machine reaches 1.5MPa, a valve of the grouting machine is opened to be connected with a grouting hose, cement mortar doped with an anti-freezing agent is injected into the anchor rod hole, during grouting, a grouting pipe is firstly inserted into the bottom of the hole, cement mortar is injected according to 50-100 cm, the grouting pipe is slowly and uniformly pulled out along with the injection of the mortar, the hole is filled with the mortar, and finally the anchor rod hole is sealed by the mortar with a high mark number;
after the anchor rod construction process is finished, the exposed anchor rod is wrapped by rubber and plastic sponge, the sprayed concrete surface is covered by the rubber and plastic sponge, and the covering thickness is 2-3 layers according to the temperature of the day;
when the temperature is lower than zero, when the mixing station carries out anchor spraying, firstly, the raw materials and the mixing station are subjected to heat preservation and heating treatment, sand and pea stones in sprayed concrete are subjected to steam preheating and heating, concrete dry materials required by anchor spraying are ensured to reach more than 30 ℃, and the dump truck adopts heat preservation treatment in the transportation process, so that the temperature loss of the concrete of the sand and aggregate of stones in the transportation process is reduced to 2-3 ℃;
after the anchor rod grouting construction is completed, the telescopic arm lifter is manually utilized, the anchor rod and the reinforcing mesh piece are firstly placed in a safety working fence of the lifter, and constructors convey the anchor rod and the reinforcing mesh piece to preset positions along with the rising of the lifter to install the anchor rod and the reinforcing mesh piece; when another anchor rod and steel mesh are installed, the lifting trolley adjusts the position of the next anchor rod and steel mesh to be installed through self movement, and the last installation procedure is repeated after the position of the next anchor rod and steel mesh to be installed is adjusted by the lifting trolley until the whole anchor rod and steel mesh construction procedure is completed;
the mortar anchor rod is connected with a mortar inlet pipe, the diameter of the mortar anchor rod is DN20mm, and the length of the mortar anchor rod is 50-100 cm longer than that of the anchor rod.
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| CN110295614B (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2021-08-13 | 中国一冶集团有限公司 | Slope supporting device and system in frozen soil area |
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| CN101319494B (en) * | 2008-07-22 | 2010-06-02 | 安蓉建设总公司 | Concrete construction method for extreme cold area in low temperature season |
| KR101063923B1 (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2011-09-08 | 주식회사 삼안 | Apparatus for preventing sliding of slope around roda |
| CN102503324B (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2014-07-09 | 中建材中岩科技有限公司 | Anchoring grouting material as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN104496260B (en) * | 2014-11-23 | 2017-05-24 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Special additive for steam curing of concrete in winter and production method thereof |
| CN107447765B (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2019-07-09 | 四川君羊建设集团有限公司 | Side slope construction supported with framed anchor construction |
| CN107419738A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2017-12-01 | 浙江森禾种业股份有限公司 | A kind of modularization method for greening side slope |
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