CN108945094B

CN108945094B - Hydraulic power-assisted steering gear and new energy automobile

Info

Publication number: CN108945094B
Application number: CN201810857513.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨扬
Original assignee: Pinghu Jinyida Machinery Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Jinyida Machinery Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-07-31
Filing date: 2018-07-31
Publication date: 2020-01-21
Anticipated expiration: 2038-07-31
Also published as: CN108945094A

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydraulic power steering gear which comprises a shell, a rack, a helical gear, an operating rod, a plurality of groups of gear sets and a plurality of groups of displacement sensors. A gear set is mounted to the helical rack, the gear set including an inner gear, an outer gear, and planet gears. The inner gear is mounted on the gear through a sleeve, the outer teeth are fixed in the transmission chamber, the planet wheel is meshed with the outer gear and the inner gear at the same time, and the lower end of the planet wheel is provided with an extension arm. The displacement sensor is arranged below the gear set, and the sensing surface of the displacement sensor is in contact with the extension arm. The planet wheel rotates synchronously with the inner gear, and when the number of teeth of the inner gear is far less than that of the outer gear, the planet wheel does not form circular motion. The sensor can calculate the rotation angle of the inner gear according to the position of the planet gear. The invention also relates to a new energy automobile.

Description

Hydraulic power-assisted steering gear and new energy automobile

Technical Field

The invention relates to a hydraulic power-assisted steering gear, belonging to the field of automobiles.

Background

The steering gear detects the steering wheel angle by means of a sensor, and the hydraulic assistance is adjusted accordingly. In the related art, a processor calculates a steering wheel angle from the positions of a resolver and a planetary gear, which is determined by an abnormal value of a magnetic field detection portion.

Prior art documents 201210428737.4; 201310665239.6, respectively; 201310665240.9. the above prior art documents are incorporated by reference into this application.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a hydraulic power-assisted steering device, which is characterized in that the position of a planetary gear is detected by a displacement sensor, the rotating angle is directly calculated, and a complex magnetic sensor calculation module is avoided.

The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:

a hydraulic power steering gear comprising: a housing having a housing chamber opened at both sides and a transmission chamber intersecting with the housing chamber, a rack movably passing through the housing chamber, a helical gear rotatably installed in the transmission chamber, the helical gear engaged to the rack, and an operating lever connected to the helical gear, characterized in that the hydraulic power steering apparatus further comprises:

at least one group of gear sets is arranged on the helical gear, the gear sets comprise an inner gear, an outer gear and a planet gear, the inner gear is arranged on the helical gear through a sleeve, the outer gear is fixed in the transmission chamber, the planet gear is meshed with the outer gear and the inner gear at the same time, the lower end part of the planet gear is provided with an extension arm,

a plurality of sets of displacement sensors which are arranged below the gear set, the sensing surfaces of the displacement sensors are contacted with the extension arms,

wherein the number of teeth of the outer gear is greater than twice the number of teeth of the inner gear.

In the hydraulic power steering apparatus of the present invention, at least one set of gear sets is mounted to the joystick, and the gear sets transmit the displacement of the planetary gears to the displacement sensor.

In the hydraulic power steering apparatus of the present invention, at least one of the gear sets has a plurality of planetary gears.

In the hydraulic power steering apparatus of the present invention, the operating lever is connected to the helical gear via a spindle.

The new energy automobile is characterized by comprising a suspension, wheels and the hydraulic power steering gear.

The planet wheel rotates synchronously with the inner gear, and when the number of teeth of the inner gear is far less than that of the outer gear, the planet wheel does not form circular motion. The sensor can calculate the rotation angle of the inner gear according to the position of the planet gear. Meanwhile, the spindle torque can be determined according to the rotation angle difference of the gear set of the operating rod and the gear set of the bevel gear.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a diverter of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a partial view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view in another direction of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is another partial schematic view of the diverter of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an automobile of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a portion of the structure of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the directional control apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a partial view of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is an exploded view of the stationary member of FIG. 7;

FIG. 10 is a block diagram of the driven clamping group of FIG. 7;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of FIG. 8;

FIG. 12 is a block diagram of the active clamping group of FIG. 7;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of FIG. 7;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the brake of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view taken at one point of FIG. 14;

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the alternative of FIG. 14;

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of an operating condition of FIG. 16;

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of another operating condition of FIG. 16;

fig. 19 is a schematic view of the elastic member of fig. 14.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the hydraulic steering gear 600 of the present invention includes a housing 610, a rack 620, a cylinder 630, a helical gear 650, and a lever 640. The hydraulic steering gear furthermore has a power component and a line component. The pipe member is connected to the inside of the housing 610. Flexible covers may be disposed on both sides of the pull rod 621 to block external dust. In this embodiment, the housing 610 is generally formed by a first casting and a second casting that are fastened to each other. The housing 610 has a receiving chamber 613 with two open sides and a transmission chamber 614 intersecting the receiving chamber 613, and the sidewall of the housing 610 is provided with an operation hole and a drain valve. The rack gear 620 rotatably passes through the receiving chamber 613, and the bevel gear 650 is rotatably installed in the transmission chamber 614. The transmission chamber 614 is provided with a cover 617 at the bottom, the cover 617 is connected with the bevel gear 650, and the bevel gear 650 is connected with the transmission chamber 614 through a bearing. A bevel gear 650 is engaged to the rack gear 620, and the operating lever 640 is connected to the bevel gear 650. The direction control device 500 drives the bevel gear 650 to rotate via the operating lever 640, so as to drive the rack 620 to move. Both ends of the rack 620 are connected to the pull rod 621, and the rack 620 drives the wheel 400 to rotate through the pull rod 621. The side wall of the rack 620 is secured by a positioning mechanism 622 for maintaining the rack 620 in contact with the helical gear 650.

A chamber 670 for measuring the rotation angle torque is provided between the helical gear 650 and the operating lever 640. Multiple sets of gears 671 and multiple sets of displacement sensors 672 are disposed within the chamber 670. A gear set 671 is mounted outboard of the helical gear 650, the gear set 671 including an inner gear 673, an outer gear 674, and planet gears 675. The number of teeth of the outer gear 674 is greater than twice that of the inner gear 673. An inner gear 673 is mounted on a helical gear via a sleeve, the outer gear 674 is fixed in the transmission chamber 614, the planet wheel 675 is engaged simultaneously with the outer gear 674 and the inner gear 673, and the lower end of the planet wheel 675 has an extension arm 677. A displacement sensor 672 is mounted below the gear train 671 with a sensing surface of the displacement sensor 672 in contact with the extension arm 677. The displacement sensor 672 is, for example, a resistive sensor. The position of the extension arm in contact with the sensing surface determines the resistance value and the signal is connected to an external processor via line 679. The processor calculates the position of the planetary gear accordingly, thereby determining the rotational angle of the internal gear 673. Specifically, the outer gear tooth number N1, the inner gear tooth number N2, and the planet gear tooth number N3. The driver turns the steering wheel, and the number of teeth turned by the gear is n. The rotation angle of the external gear is N1/N, the rotation angle of the internal gear is N2/N, and the revolution angle of the planet gear is N1/N. When the number of teeth of the external gear is more than twice of the number of teeth of the internal gear, the internal gear rotates within two circles, and the revolution angle of the planet gear is less than one period. The planetary gears 675 rotate in synchronism with the inner gear 673, and when the number of teeth of the inner gear 673 is much smaller than that of the outer gear 674, the planetary gears 675 do not make a circular motion. The rotation angle calculation result is unique. The gear set 671 has a plurality of planet gears 675, which can be averaged. A set of gear sets 671 are mounted on the lever 640 and connected in the same manner as the bevel gears 650. Gear set 671 transmits the displacement of the planetary gears to displacement sensor 672. The lever 640 is connected to the bevel gear 650 via a mandrel 578. The spindle 578 torque is determined based on the angular difference between the gear set 671 of the joystick 640 and the gear set 671 of the bevel gear 650.

As shown in fig. 5 to 19, the electric vehicle of the present invention mainly includes a vehicle body 100, a chassis 200, a suspension 300, wheels 400, a steering control device 500, a steering 600, and a brake 700. The chassis 200 is located under the vehicle body 100, the suspension 300 is mounted on the chassis 200, and the wheels 400 are mounted on both sides of the suspension 300. The steering device 500 is connected to the wheel 400 via a steering gear 600, and the brake 700 is mounted inside the wheel 400. Such an electric vehicle also has a motor-driven actuator and the like. For clarity of illustration, some structures are omitted from the drawings.

The direction control device 500 of the present invention mainly comprises a movable member 510, a fixed member 520, a driving clamping set 530, a driven clamping set 540, a screw 550, a steering wheel 560, and a linkage 570. When the driver turns the steering wheel 560, the movable member 510 drives the wheels 400 to deflect via the linkage 570 and the steering gear 600. The driving clamping set 530 and the driven clamping set 540 are connected through the screw 550, and the included angle between the movable part 510 and the fixed part 520 can be changed by adjusting the clamping force of the screw 550, so that the position of the steering wheel 560 is adjusted. The movable member 510 includes a housing 511, an outer column 512, and an inner column 513. The housing 511 has first strip holes 514 on both sides, the outer column 512 is rotatably fixed in the housing 511, and the inner column 513 is movably sleeved in the outer column 512. A steering wheel 560 is coupled to the outer column 512 and a linkage 570 is coupled to the inner column 513. The steering wheel 560 may also be connected to the housing 511 via a connecting piece 561. The fixing member 520 includes a first clamping plate 521 and a second clamping plate 522, and the first clamping plate 521 and the second clamping plate 522 are respectively located at both sides of the housing 511. The first clamping plate 521 and the second clamping plate are both provided with a second strip-shaped hole 523, and the second strip-shaped hole 523 is perpendicular to the first strip-shaped hole 514.

The active clamping group 530 mainly comprises a handle 531 and a rotating body 532. The rotator 532 has a first inclined surface 533 and a stopper surface 534, and when the end surface of the handle 531 slides along the first inclined surface 533 toward the stopper surface 534, the handle 531 is moved closer to the rotator 532. One side surface of the first clamping plate 521 is provided with a second inclined surface 515, and when the handle 531 drives the rotating body 532 to slide along the second inclined surface 515, the handle 531 is far away from the rotating body 532. The first inclined plane 533 and the second inclined plane 515 are crossed, and the two inclined planes are inclined guide planes for guiding the handle 531 and the rotator 532 to reciprocate along the axis. The handle 531 has a protrusion 536, an end surface of the protrusion 536 slides along the first slope 533, and the blocking surface 534 restricts rotation of the protrusion 534. The driven clamping set 540 includes a fixed plate 541, a moving plate 542, and a spring 543. A fixing plate 541 is installed on the other side surface of the housing 511, the fixing plate 541 has a through hole 548 matched with the second bar-shaped hole 523, and the moving plate 542 is engaged with the fixing plate 541 through a serration portion 544. The reed 543 is positioned between the fixed plate 541 and the moving plate 542, and a center hole of the reed 543 passes through the screw 550. Specifically, a sliding groove 545 is formed between the sawtooth parts 544, the spring plate 543 has a first folded part 546 and a second folded part 547, the first folded part 546 is fixed to the moving plate 542, and the second folded part 547 is located in the sliding groove. The spring 543 is blocked in the sliding groove 545 to drive the moving plate 542 to move, and different meshing positions are selected. A screw 550 is movably fixed to the rotor 532 at one side and coupled to the moving plate 542 at the other side, and an end of the screw 550 is rotatably coupled to the handle 531. The screw 550 has a projection 551 and an annular rib 552, the through hole 548 has an annular groove 501 therein, and the annular rib 552 moves in the annular groove 501. The annular groove 501 determines the axial position of the screw 550. The moving plate 542 has a guide groove 502, and the projection 551 moves along the guide groove 502, and the guide groove 502 includes a spiral section 503 and a ring section 504. As the projection 551 slides from the annular segment 504 into the spiral 503 segment, the moving plate 542 moves away from the fixed plate 541. The arc number of the ring segment is equal to the first slope 533. As handle 531 slides on first ramp 533, projection 551 slides along the ring segment. When the rotating body 532 slides on the second inclined surface 515, the protrusion 551 slides along the spiral section.

When the handle 531 is rotated, the protrusion 534 slides into the second inclined surface 515, and the handle 531 approaches the rotator 532. The first clamping plate 521 and the second clamping plate 522 are released from each other, and the operator can adjust the position of the screw 550 in the second elongated hole 523. When the handle 531 is further rotated, the protrusion 534 rotates the rotator 532, and the rotator 532 slides along the first inclined plane 533. The first clamp plate 521 and the second clamp plate 522 clamp the moving member. When the screw 550 rotates, the moving member moves away from the fixed member along the moving direction of the guide groove 502, so that the position of the screw 550 in the first bar-shaped hole 514 can be adjusted. In the present invention, steering wheel 560 is adjusted in both directions in sequence as handle 531 is rotated, improving the accuracy with which an operator adjusts steering wheel 560. In the present invention, a collar 548 is provided on the outside of the moving plate 542. The fixing member further includes a first torsion spring 523 and a second torsion spring respectively mounted to the first clamping plate 521 and the second clamping plate 522, wherein a distal end of the first torsion spring 523 is connected to the handle 531, and a distal end of the second torsion spring abuts against the collar 548. The two sets of torsion springs maintain the clamped state of the moving plate 542 and the handle 531, and ensure that the handle 531 is restored to the initial position, i.e., the initial position of the first slope 533, after the external force is removed. The starting position may be determined by a positioning portion 535. The fixing member 520 further includes a connection plate 525, the connection plate 525 being fixed to the body 100 of the new energy vehicle, the first clip 521 and the second clip 522 having an extension hole 526, the connection plate 525 being connected to the extension hole 526 via an anchor 527. This structure can determine the position of the handle 531 at the time of installation for various models of the vehicle body 100. Anchor 527 is secured within the elongated bore 526 via a retaining tab 528. Splines 528 enhance the positioning of anchors 527. The middle portion of the connecting plate 525 is also connected to the fixing member 520. In the present embodiment, the extension part 516 is disposed behind the movable part 510. The extension member 516 has a strip hole 517, and two sets of torsion springs are mutually fixed by a rod 518 and pass through the strip hole 517.

The brake 700 of the present invention includes a caliper 710, a piston 720, a pair of brake pads 730, a rotating shaft 740, and a brake disc 750. The caliper 710 has a mounting arm 711 and a mounting groove 712 opposite to each other, and the piston 720 is mounted in the mounting groove 712. One of the brake pads 730 is fixed to the mounting arm 711 and the other brake pad 730 is mounted to the piston 720. The mounting arm 711 may also have a driving member mounted therein and coupled to the piston 720 to move the brake disk 750. The outer circumference of the piston 720 is connected to the caliper 710 via a flexible member 721 for blocking external foreign materials. Brake pad 730 forms a brake gap 731, and brake rotor 750 is secured to shaft 740 such that brake rotor 750 extends at least partially into brake gap 731. During braking, piston 720 brings brake pads 730 closer together, clamping brake disc 750. Brake pad 730 is mounted to caliper 710 via a slide shaft. Although its longitudinal displacement is limited, brake pad 730 inevitably undergoes lateral movement due to the braking force. The piston 720 and mounting arm 711 have a mounting portion 713 and the brake pad 730 has an ear portion 732. An elastic piece 760 is provided between the mounting portion 713 and the lug portion 732, and the elastic piece 760 reduces noise when the brake pad 730 moves laterally.

The elastic sheet 760 is composed of a positioning section 761, a connecting section 762, a pressing section 763, a rebounding section 764, and a supporting section 765 in sequence, and the sections are connected by an arc structure. The mounting portion 713 is comprised of a protruding portion 714, a recessed portion 715, and an indentation 716. The ear portion 732 has an upper surface 733, a side surface 734, and a lower surface 735 connected in series. The length of the ears 732 is greater than the depth of the recessed portion 715. The ear portions 732 do not interfere with the movement of the connecting segment 762 when the brake pad 730 moves. The elastic pieces 760 are distributed along the wall surface of the mounting portion 713 and restrict the direct contact between the ear portion 732 and the mounting portion 713. The positioning section 761 is mounted on top of the projection 714. Specifically, the upper surface of the protruding portion 714 has an arc-shaped slot 717, and the positioning section 761 has an arc-shaped portion 766, and the arc-shaped portion 766 is located in the arc-shaped slot 717. The arcuate portion 766 reduces noise when the positioning section 761 moves. The connecting segment 762 passes around the protrusion 714, and the connecting segment 762 and the protrusion 714 form a tension deformation gap 701. The pressing section 763 is in contact with the side wall of the concave portion 715, and the upper surface 733 is in contact with the pressing section 763. The press section 763, the recessed portion 715, and the upper surface 733 form three sets of faces that are attached to each other, and are in face contact with each other. When the brake disk 750 is braked, the ears 732 are forced into the recessed portions 715, and the upper surfaces 733 thereof are held in surface contact with the pressed sections 763. The connecting section 762 is deformed in tension, and the pressing section 763 and the rebounding section 764 are kept in close contact with the lug 732, thereby reducing the braking sound.

The resilient segment 764 is located in the bottom surface of the recessed portion 715, and the resilient segment 764 defines a resilient deformation gap 702 with the side surfaces. The width of the rebound deformation gap 702 is less than the tension deformation gap 701. A support section 765 extends from the gap 716, the support section 765 at least partially resting on the lower surface 735. The supporting section 765 is a folded structure 767, at least one end of the folded structure 767 presses the lower surface 735, and the supporting section 765 at least partially forms a pressure deformation gap 703 with the lower surface 735. When brake pad 730 is forced to vibrate, backing section 765 remains in contact with lower surface 735 at all times, reducing impact noise. The deformation of the support segment 765 causes the bounce segment 764 to bend, with the bounce segment 764 contacting the sides, preventing the ears 732 from sliding further, causing noise, and increasing the recovery rate of the ears 732. Due to the presence of the notch 716, the support section 765 deforms within the range of the notch 716 when compressed, preventing contact noise between the support section 765 and the mounting portion 713. In the present invention, the elastic piece 760 is fitted in the mounting portion 713. Two sides of the connecting section 762, the pressing section 763 and the rebounding section 764 extend to form covering surfaces 768, and the covering surfaces 768 are covered on two sides of the mounting section 713.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. A hydraulic power steering gear comprising: a housing having a housing chamber opened at both sides and a transmission chamber intersecting with the housing chamber, a rack movably passing through the housing chamber, a helical gear rotatably installed in the transmission chamber, the helical gear engaged to the rack, and an operating lever connected to the helical gear, characterized in that the hydraulic power steering apparatus further comprises:

wherein the number of teeth of the outer gear is more than twice the number of teeth of the inner gear,

a chamber for measuring the rotation angle torque is arranged between the bevel gear and the operating lever, the displacement sensor is a resistance type sensor, the contact position of the extension arm and the sensing surface determines the resistance value,

at least one set of gear sets is mounted to the joystick, the gear sets transmitting the displacement of the planet gears to the displacement sensor, the joystick being connected to the helical gear via a spindle, the spindle torque being determined from the difference in rotational angle of the gear sets of the joystick and the helical gear.

2. A new energy automobile, characterized by comprising a suspension, wheels and the hydraulic power steering gear according to claim 1.