CN108944462B - Pantograph active control method and device based on current taking feedback - Google Patents

Pantograph active control method and device based on current taking feedback Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108944462B
CN108944462B CN201810812491.8A CN201810812491A CN108944462B CN 108944462 B CN108944462 B CN 108944462B CN 201810812491 A CN201810812491 A CN 201810812491A CN 108944462 B CN108944462 B CN 108944462B
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pantograph
air
current
air bag
train
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CN108944462A (en
Inventor
钟源
吴积钦
韩峰
张家玮
徐剑峰
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Southwest Jiaotong University
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Southwest Jiaotong University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L5/00Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L5/18Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles using bow-type collectors in contact with trolley wire
    • B60L5/22Supporting means for the contact bow
    • B60L5/28Devices for lifting and resetting the collector
    • B60L5/32Devices for lifting and resetting the collector using fluid pressure
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72Electric energy management in electromobility

Abstract

The invention discloses a pantograph active control method based on current taking feedback, which comprises the following steps: (1) Acquiring a current signal of the pantograph through a current sensor arranged on a main cable of the pantograph, and acquiring a speed signal/position signal of the train; (2) Judging the section of the train according to the speed signal/position signal of the train, adjusting the air pressure of the air bag in real time in cooperation with the feedback of the current signal, and changing the bow lifting force of the pantograph so as to reduce the arc rate of the contact point of the bow net. According to the invention, the constant pressure reducing valve which cannot be adjusted in real time in the original gas circuit control box is replaced by the controllable electromagnetic reducing valve arranged in the non-high voltage part, so that the air pressure of the air bag can be adjusted in real time, the current sensor arranged on the main cable of the pantograph is combined, the pantograph lifting force of the pantograph is controlled through the feedback of the current, the arc rate of the pantograph net system of the accelerating section is effectively reduced, and the purpose of reducing the electric abrasion of the pantograph slide plate and the contact line is achieved.

Description

Pantograph active control method and device based on current taking feedback
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pantographs of electric locomotives and motor cars, in particular to a pantograph active control method and a pantograph active control device based on current taking feedback.
Background
In electrified railways and urban rail transit systems, electric trains use pantographs to draw electrical energy from overhead contact systems. The pantograph generally comprises a pantograph slide plate, an upper frame, a lower arm rod (a lower frame for a double-arm pantograph), a bottom frame, a pantograph lifting spring, a transmission cylinder, a supporting insulator and the like.
The pantograph is installed at the top of the carriage, and the pantograph slide plate is kept in sliding contact with a contact wire for providing electric energy in the running process of the train. The two subsystems of the pantograph and the catenary are coupled together through the contact force of the pantograph and the catenary to form an interactive dynamic system.
The electrical energy required by the electric train is transmitted through the contact points of the pantograph slide plate and the contact wires. During acceleration, the bowden contact points pass a large current. The large current causes the contact of the pantograph net to ignite an arc, thereby increasing the electrical abrasion of the pantograph slide plate and the contact line. At present, the service life of a plurality of subway pantograph slide plates is only half of the expected value, and the economy is greatly reduced.
Therefore, the invention hopes to achieve the purposes of reducing the arcing phenomenon of the pantograph mesh of the accelerating section and reducing the abrasion of the pantograph slide plate through active control of the pantograph.
The Chinese patent document with the document number of CN106094520A discloses a pantograph active control method based on state feedback accurate linearization. The pantograph control method disclosed by the document is to build a ternary pantograph-catenary coupling dynamics model, perform stress analysis on the model to obtain the state quantity of a pantograph-catenary system, perform feedback linearization on the state quantity, and calculate a transfer function and a zero pole so as to adjust the pantograph lifting force and achieve a linear optimal control strategy.
The Chinese patent document with the document number of CN105652111A discloses a pantograph dynamic operation performance control method and device. The control method for the pantograph mainly comprises the steps of obtaining the current-carrying performance parameters of the pantograph net and the dynamic performance parameters of the pantograph through experiments, then utilizing a quadratic polynomial curve regression method, using a trend regression curve of the contact force of the pantograph net in different opening directions and under different speed levels, and finally controlling the dynamic operation performance of the pantograph through the obtained trend regression curve of the contact force of the pantograph net. The main focus is to control the contact force of the bow net by controlling the dynamic performance parameters of the pantograph, so as to ensure that the bow net receives good current.
The Chinese patent document with the document number of CN2014570094U discloses a pantograph active control device which can actively compensate the contact force change of a contact net due to various factors and reduce pressure fluctuation. The device mainly adopts the working principle that the computer gas circuit controller and the GPS device on the train are used for determining ideal lifting amounts of the pantograph corresponding to each position of an operation interval, and then the total lifting amounts generated in different movement states of the pantograph are calculated according to the data of the vehicle-mounted speedometer and the data of wind power, wind direction and the like obtained by the train anemometer and by combining the rigidity value of the current overhead contact system. And finally, actively performing open loop control on the air bag according to the ideal lifting amount and the total lifting amount to compensate the contact pressure of the bow net, so that the contact pressure is always basically consistent. The main focus is that the data obtained by the device controls the pantograph air bag, thereby controlling the contact pressure of the pantograph net.
At present, active control on the pantograph is realized mostly by adjusting dynamic parameters of the pantograph, and active control is performed according to dynamic performance of the pantograph. But the current-carrying capacity of the contact point of the pantograph net is not considered in the control.
The inventor researches the problem, and the research result shows that when the current-carrying capacity of the contact point of the pantograph and the net is increased, the arcing probability is greatly increased, and the abrasion of the pantograph slide plate and the contact line is further increased. Based on this study, the inventors propose to reduce the arc rate by increasing the static bowing force, thereby reducing bowing net wear to improve this situation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a pantograph active control method based on current taking feedback, which performs feedback control on the lifting power of a pantograph through the current of a pantograph mesh contact point, so that the contact force of the pantograph mesh is increased during acceleration, the arcing of the pantograph mesh contact point is reduced, and the purpose of reducing the abrasion of a pantograph slide plate and a contact line is achieved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a pantograph active control method based on current taking feedback comprises the following steps:
(1) Acquiring a current signal of the pantograph through a current sensor arranged on a main cable of the pantograph, and acquiring a speed signal/position signal of the train;
(2) Judging the section of the train according to the speed signal/position signal of the train, adjusting the air pressure of the air bag in real time in cooperation with the feedback of the current signal, and changing the bow lifting force of the pantograph so as to reduce the arc rate of the contact point of the bow net;
when the train is in an acceleration section, the current signal is increased, the air pressure of the air bag is regulated to be increased, and the pantograph lifting force of the pantograph is increased; when the train is in an inert section, the current signal is reduced, the air pressure of the air bag is regulated to be reduced, and the lifting force of the pantograph is reduced; when the train is in the braking section, the current signal is increased, the air pressure of the air bag is regulated to be increased, and the pantograph lifting force of the pantograph is increased.
Specifically, a speed signal/position signal of the train is acquired by the axle counting device.
Specifically, the air pressure of the air bag is adjustable through an electromagnetic pressure reducing valve arranged on the air path of the pantograph.
Specifically, the process of adjusting the air pressure of the air bag in real time by matching with the feedback of the current signal in the step (2) is as follows:
(a) Dividing the current carried by the pantograph into a plurality of sections from 0, wherein each section corresponds to a specific air bag air pressure preset value so as to correspond to a specific static pantograph lifting force;
(b) Judging whether the current speed of the train is 0 or not through the speed signal, if so, adjusting the value of the air pressure of the air bag to be a standard value, otherwise, carrying out the next step;
(c) And judging a section to which the current signal belongs according to the acquired current signal, and adjusting the value of the air pressure of the air bag to a specific air pressure preset value corresponding to the section.
Specifically, the divided intervals, standard values and preset air pressure values of the air bags are comprehensively predetermined according to the type of the pantograph and the running condition of the train.
The invention further aims to provide a control device for realizing the pantograph active control method based on the current taking feedback, which comprises a main cable, an air bag, an air supply source, an air path control box, a current sensor, a shaft counter, an acquisition card, a control module, a driver and an electromagnetic pressure reducing valve, wherein the main cable and the air bag are connected with the pantograph;
the air path control box mainly comprises a filter, a safety valve, a first one-way throttle valve and a second one-way throttle valve, wherein the filter, the safety valve and the first one-way throttle valve are sequentially arranged on an air path between the electromagnetic pressure reducing valve and the air bag, an exhaust branch is arranged in parallel with the air path between the safety valve and the air bag, the second one-way throttle valve is arranged on the exhaust branch, and the directions of the first one-way throttle valve and the second one-way throttle valve are opposite.
Preferably, the current sensor is a hall current sensor sleeved on the main cable.
Preferably, the electromagnetic pressure reducing valve is arranged at a non-high voltage part of the air path corresponding to the pantograph.
Specifically, the air supply source comprises an air compressor connected with an air channel of the air channel control box, an electromagnetic reversing valve arranged on the air channel between the air compressor and the air channel control box, and a standby air source connected with the electromagnetic reversing valve.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The constant pressure reducing valve which cannot be adjusted in real time in the original gas circuit control box is replaced by the controllable electromagnetic reducing valve arranged in the non-high voltage part, so that the air pressure of the air bag can be adjusted in real time, the current sensor arranged on the main cable of the pantograph is combined, the pantograph lifting force of the pantograph is controlled through the current feedback, the arc rate of the pantograph net system of the accelerating section is effectively reduced, the purpose of reducing the electric abrasion of the pantograph slide plate and the contact line is achieved, and the constant pressure reducing valve has the advantages of novel conception, ingenious design, relatively simple structure, easiness in realization, wide application foundation in the technical field of pantograph control and suitability for popularization and application.
(2) According to the invention, the current section of the train is judged by the aid of the axle counting equipment, so that whether the current change of the current pantograph is in a stage that the electric abrasion is easy to generate when the train accelerates is determined, the accuracy of active control of the pantograph is improved, the electric abrasion is effectively reduced by increasing the lifting force in the acceleration and braking stages, meanwhile, based on the judgment of the section, when the train enters an inert section in a high-speed state, the air bag pressure is timely reduced according to the feedback of the reduction of the current extraction quantity, so that the mechanical abrasion of a pantograph slide plate and a contact line in the section is reduced, the abrasion of the pantograph slide plate and the contact line is reduced on the whole, and the service life of a corresponding part of the pantograph is prolonged.
(3) According to the invention, the flow of the pantograph is divided into a plurality of sections according to the maximum variation range of the current, the air pressure value of the air bag corresponding to each section is preset, and the air pressure of the air bag can be directly regulated to the preset value after the flow of the pantograph is detected, so that the aim of simplifying the control process is fulfilled.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a structure of a pantograph and a control section thereof in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a gas circuit control box of a pantograph in the prior art.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the air path control box in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the present invention on a pantograph.
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the air pressure regulating air bag in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, embodiments of which include, but are not limited to, the following examples.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the pantograph net system in the prior art, the pantograph is controlled to lift by means of the air bag, and the air pressure of the air bag is controlled by the air path control box, so that the force of lifting the pantograph is controlled. In the original gas path control box, a constant pressure reducing valve 15, a filter, a safety valve and a one-way throttle valve are arranged, the air pressure of an air bag is regulated through the constant pressure reducing valve, the constant pressure reducing valve of a pantograph is regulated well in the normal process when a train is overhauled, and the constant pressure reducing valve is not regulated in the train operation process. That is, in the prior art, the air pressure value is preset for the pantograph air bag through the constant pressure reducing valve, so that the same air bag air pressure is kept in the whole process of the train, and the pantograph lifting force of the pantograph is maintained at a fixed value. According to the research of the inventor on the abrasion state of the pantograph, the current-carrying capacity of the contact point of the pantograph net can be correspondingly increased in the sections with large current-carrying capacity such as an acceleration section, a braking section and the like due to different current-carrying capacities of the pantograph in different sections, so that the arc ratio is greatly increased, the electric abrasion of the pantograph slide plate and the contact line is greatly increased, and the service life of the pantograph slide plate is seriously influenced. According to statistical data, the practical service life of the conventional pantograph slide plate is only half of an expected value. Based on this, the inventors studied and improved the direction of the influence of the pantograph current on the pantograph abrasion, and proposed the solution of the present invention.
Examples
As shown in fig. 3 to 6, the active control method of the pantograph based on current taking feedback comprises the following steps:
(1) Acquiring a current signal of the pantograph through a current sensor arranged on a main cable of the pantograph, and acquiring a speed signal/position signal of the train through axle counting equipment;
(2) Judging the section of the train according to the speed signal/position signal of the train, adjusting the air pressure of the air bag in real time in cooperation with the feedback of the current signal, and changing the bow lifting force of the pantograph so as to reduce the arc rate of the contact point of the bow net;
when the train is in an acceleration section, the current signal is increased, the air pressure of the air bag is regulated to be increased, and the pantograph lifting force of the pantograph is increased; when the train is in an inert section, the current signal is reduced, the air pressure of the air bag is regulated to be reduced, and the lifting force of the pantograph is reduced; when the train is in the braking section, the current signal is increased, the air pressure of the air bag is regulated to be increased, and the pantograph lifting force of the pantograph is increased.
Specifically, the air pressure of the air bag is adjustable through an electromagnetic pressure reducing valve arranged on the air path of the pantograph.
Specifically, the process of adjusting the air pressure of the air bag in real time by matching with the feedback of the current signal in the step (2) is as follows:
(a) Dividing the current carried by the pantograph into a plurality of sections from 0, wherein each section corresponds to a specific air bag air pressure preset value so as to correspond to a specific static pantograph lifting force;
(b) Judging whether the current speed of the train is 0 or not through the speed signal, if so, adjusting the value of the air pressure of the air bag to be a standard value, otherwise, carrying out the next step;
(c) And judging a section to which the current signal belongs according to the acquired current signal, and adjusting the value of the air pressure of the air bag to a specific air pressure preset value corresponding to the section. As shown in the table below.
Wherein I is the current signal size, I 1 、I 2 、I 3 、I 4 And the like are interval nodes.
Specifically, the divided intervals, standard values and preset air pressure values of the air bags are comprehensively predetermined according to the type of the pantograph and the running condition of the train. Open loop control may be employed in the method.
Further, the control device for realizing the pantograph active control method based on the current taking feedback comprises a main cable 2 and an air bag 3 which are connected with the pantograph 1, an air supply source 14 for supplying air to the air bag through an air channel, an air channel control box 13 arranged on the air channel between the air bag and the air supply source, a current sensor 4 for collecting current passing through the main cable, a shaft counter arranged on a railway wheel, a collecting card for obtaining data of the current sensor and the shaft counter, a control module for receiving the data obtained by the collecting card and judging the state of the pantograph, a driver for receiving an output signal of the control module, and an electromagnetic pressure reducing valve 5 arranged on the air channel between the air supply source and the air channel control box and controlled by the driver.
The air path control box mainly comprises a filter 6, a safety valve 7 and a first one-way throttle valve 8 which are sequentially arranged on an air path between an electromagnetic pressure reducing valve and an air bag, an exhaust branch which is arranged in parallel with the air path between the safety valve and the air bag, and a second one-way throttle valve 9 which is arranged on the exhaust branch, wherein the directions of the first one-way throttle valve and the second one-way throttle valve are opposite. Specifically, the air supply source comprises an air compressor 11 connected with an air passage of the air passage control box, an electromagnetic reversing valve 10 arranged on the air passage between the air compressor and the air passage control box, and a standby air source 12 connected with the electromagnetic reversing valve.
Preferably, the current sensor is a hall current sensor sleeved on the main cable. The acquisition card is selected according to the output of the current sensor. The driver is configured according to the output voltage of the control module and the voltage required by the electromagnetic pressure reducing valve. The control module can adopt the existing PLC controller or singlechip controller. The electromagnetic pressure reducing valve is arranged on a non-high voltage part of the air circuit corresponding to the pantograph. Further, the control module can be configured as a stand-alone control device, and can also be integrated on a control system of a train.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but all changes made by adopting the design principle of the present invention and performing non-creative work on the basis thereof shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The active control method of the pantograph based on the current taking feedback is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Acquiring a current signal of the pantograph through a current sensor arranged on a main cable of the pantograph, and acquiring a speed signal/position signal of the train;
(2) Judging the section of the train according to the speed signal/position signal of the train, adjusting the air pressure of the air bag in real time in cooperation with the feedback of the current signal, and changing the bow lifting force of the pantograph so as to reduce the arc rate of the contact point of the bow net; the process of adjusting the air pressure of the air bag in real time by matching with the feedback of the current signal comprises the following steps:
(a) Dividing the current carried by the pantograph into a plurality of sections from 0, wherein each section corresponds to a specific air bag air pressure preset value so as to correspond to a specific static pantograph lifting force;
(b) Judging whether the current speed of the train is 0 or not through the speed signal, if so, adjusting the value of the air pressure of the air bag to be a standard value, otherwise, carrying out the next step;
(c) Judging a section to which the current signal belongs according to the acquired current signal, and adjusting the value of the air pressure of the air bag to a specific air pressure preset value corresponding to the section;
when the train is in an acceleration section, the current signal is increased, the air pressure of the air bag is regulated to be increased, and the pantograph lifting force of the pantograph is increased; when the train is in an inert section, the current signal is reduced, the air pressure of the air bag is regulated to be reduced, and the lifting force of the pantograph is reduced; when the train is in the braking section, the current signal is increased, the air pressure of the air bag is regulated to be increased, and the pantograph lifting force of the pantograph is increased.
2. The method for actively controlling a pantograph based on current taking feedback according to claim 1, wherein the speed signal/position signal of the train is obtained through a shaft metering device.
3. The method for actively controlling a pantograph based on current taking feedback according to claim 1, wherein the air pressure of the air bag is adjustable by an electromagnetic pressure reducing valve provided in an air path of the pantograph.
4. The pantograph active control method based on current taking feedback according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the divided intervals, standard values and preset values of air pressure of the air bag are comprehensively predetermined according to the type of the pantograph and the running condition of the train.
5. The control device for realizing the active control method of the pantograph based on the current taking feedback according to any one of claims 1-4, comprising a main cable and an air bag which are connected with the pantograph, a gas supply source for supplying gas to the air bag through the gas path, and a gas path control box arranged on the gas path between the air bag and the gas supply source, and the control device is characterized by further comprising a current sensor for collecting current passing through the main cable, a shaft counter arranged on a rail wheel, a collection card for obtaining data of the current sensor and the shaft counter, a control module for receiving the data obtained by the collection card and judging the state of the pantograph, a driver for receiving an output signal of the control module, and an electromagnetic pressure reducing valve arranged on the gas path between the gas supply source and the gas path control box and controlled by the driver;
the air path control box mainly comprises a filter, a safety valve, a first one-way throttle valve and a second one-way throttle valve, wherein the filter, the safety valve and the first one-way throttle valve are sequentially arranged on an air path between the electromagnetic pressure reducing valve and the air bag, an exhaust branch is arranged in parallel with the air path between the safety valve and the air bag, the second one-way throttle valve is arranged on the exhaust branch, and the directions of the first one-way throttle valve and the second one-way throttle valve are opposite.
6. The control device of claim 5, wherein the current sensor is a hall current sensor sleeved on the main cable.
7. The control device of claim 5, wherein the electromagnetic relief valve is disposed in a non-high voltage portion of the gas circuit corresponding to a pantograph.
8. The control device according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the air supply source comprises an air compressor connected to an air passage of the air passage control box, an electromagnetic directional valve provided on the air passage between the air compressor and the air passage control box, and a standby air supply connected to the electromagnetic directional valve.
CN201810812491.8A 2018-07-23 2018-07-23 Pantograph active control method and device based on current taking feedback Active CN108944462B (en)

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CN111959283A (en) * 2020-08-20 2020-11-20 临沂会宝岭铁矿有限公司 Automatic pantograph lifting device of electric locomotive
CN112346395B (en) * 2020-10-15 2022-03-01 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 Pantograph slide plate abrasion intelligent control system and method
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