CN108941593A - A kind of device and method preparing metal powder using electromagnetic force - Google Patents
A kind of device and method preparing metal powder using electromagnetic force Download PDFInfo
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- CN108941593A CN108941593A CN201810745636.7A CN201810745636A CN108941593A CN 108941593 A CN108941593 A CN 108941593A CN 201810745636 A CN201810745636 A CN 201810745636A CN 108941593 A CN108941593 A CN 108941593A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/14—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes using electric discharge
Abstract
The invention belongs to field of material preparation, it is related to a kind of apparatus for preparing metal powder and method, more particularly, to a kind of device and method for preparing metal powder using electromagnetic force.Pulse magnet molten metal flows into the electromagnetic force metal powder preparation unit along pulse magnet set outer wall from the feeding molten metal unit, when flowing through the pulse magnet set middle part, under the effect of forceful electric power magnetic repulsion, molten metal sprays outward, into in the coolant liquid of the outer casing inner wall, as coolant liquid flows into the metal powder collector unit, the metal powder is obtained by being separated by solid-liquid separation；The molten metal not sprayed flows into molten metal accumulator tank along pulse magnet set outer wall.The apparatus for preparing metal powder is easy to operate, recyclable, controllability is strong, noise is small, and by adjusting magnet current size, is applicable to the preparation of various metal powders.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of material preparation, and in particular, to a kind of apparatus for preparing metal powder and method, more specifically
Ground is related to a kind of device and method that metal powder is prepared using electromagnetic force.
Background technique
Alloy applied to metal 3D printing mainly has two kinds of AlSi12 and AlSi10Mg of aluminium silicon.AlSi12 is that have well
Hot property lightweight increasing material manufacturing metal powder, can be applied to thin-walled parts such as heat exchanger or other auto parts and components, may be used also
Applied to aerospace and the prototype and production components of aircraft industry grade；AlSi10Mg enables aluminum alloy to more intensity and hardness,
The part for making the geometry it is suitable for thin-walled and complexity, especially with good hot property and low weight occasion
In.
Current metal powder technology of preparing concentrates on atomization field, atomization include second-rate atomization, centrifugal atomizing,
Ultrasonic atomizatio, vacuum atomizing etc., it is many kinds of, substantially meet industrial various demands, but the preparation efficiency of atomization
It is limited significantly by atomization cavity and atomizer with preparation cost, preparation process anti-interference is poor, serious forgiveness is small, equipment ginseng
Number is difficult to modify once fixation, prepares that object is single, and artificial controllability is weaker.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the above defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, metal powder is prepared using electromagnetic force the present invention provides a kind of
The device and preparation method at end, curent change generates the magnetic field of different directions when its object is to be discharged using pulse magnet, melts
Melt metal liquid in pulse magnet electric discharge under different magnetic field direction by attraction or repulsion, when by forceful electric power magnetic repulsion
Injection becomes metal powder outward, and thus the metal powder preparation method preparation process anti-interference of the solution prior art is poor, holds
Error rate is small, and device parameter is difficult to modify once fixation, the weaker technical problem waited of artificial controllability.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, it provides and a kind of prepares metal powder using electromagnetic force
Device, including feeding molten metal unit, electromagnetic force metal powder preparation unit and metal powder collector unit；
The feeding molten metal unit is used for the electromagnetic force metal powder preparation unit supplying melting metal, described
Molten metal completes metal powder preparation in the electromagnetic force metal powder preparation unit, and the metal powder being prepared is collected
In the metal powder collector unit；
The electromagnetic force metal powder preparation unit includes pulse magnet, and the pulse magnet around magnet for generating
Periodic electromagnetic attraction and electromagnetic repulsive force；
The electromagnetic force metal powder preparation unit outermost further includes shell, and the outer casing inner wall is provided with spiral helicine
Slot fills coolant liquid in the spiral helicine slot, and along the outer casing inner wall, circumferentially convolution forms coolant liquid surface layer to the coolant liquid；
When the molten metal is by the electromagnetic repulsive force, the injection pressure that this repulsive force generates is by the molten metal
Injection flicks outward, into the coolant liquid of the outer casing inner wall, forms metal powder, the metal powder is with cooling liquid stream
Enter the metal powder collector unit, obtains the metal powder by being separated by solid-liquid separation.
Preferably, the pulse magnet is placed in pulse magnet set；The pulse magnet set upper outside and lower outside
It is provided with mask plate, the mask plate is used to cover in the magnetic line of force of the pulse magnet upper and lower part, makes metal powder collection
In in the middle part of magnet the strongest region of the magnetic line of force, complete metal powder preparation, guarantee metal powder preparation uniformity；
The molten metal is flowed out from the feeding molten metal unit under the effect of gravity, along the pulse magnet set
Outer wall flows into the electromagnetic force metal powder preparation unit；The pulse magnet generates magnetic under the action of recurrent pulses electric current
Field force generates periodic electromagnetic attraction and electromagnetic repulsive force, the melting gold to the molten metal in the horizontal direction
When belonging to by the electromagnetic attraction, it is close to the pulse magnet set outer wall while flows downward under the effect of gravity；It is flowing through
The region not covered by the mask plate, when the molten metal is by the electromagnetic repulsive force, the injection of this repulsive force generation
Pressure sprays the molten metal outward to be flicked, and into the coolant liquid of the outer casing inner wall, metal powder is formed, with cold
But liquid stream enters the metal powder collector unit, obtains the metal powder by being separated by solid-liquid separation；The melting that do not spray
Metal flows into molten metal accumulator tank along pulse magnet set outer wall.
Preferably, the feeding molten metal unit includes feeding molten metal pipeline and metal liquid container, described molten
Melt and is provided with thermal insulation board between the metal liquid container of metal feed unit and the electromagnetic force metal powder preparation unit, it is described
Metal liquid container bottom offers annular through-hole, and the thermal insulation board also offers annular through-hole, and the metal liquid container
The annular through-hole of bottom is connected with the annular through-hole of the thermal insulation board, and the metal liquid is from the metal liquid container bottom
It is flowed down along the annular through-hole, across the annular through-hole of the thermal insulation board, under the effect of gravity along pulse magnet set outer wall
It flows downward.
Preferably, metal liquid return pipe is provided between the metal liquid container and the molten metal accumulator tank
Road, will be in metal liquid container described in the metal liquid blowback in the molten metal accumulator tank by liquid pump.
Preferably, the pulse magnet is wound around coil group, by adjusting pulse current intensity, generates 0~20Mpa range
Interior injection pressure.
Preferably, the pulse magnet is under the action of recurrent pulses electric current to be not less than 3.75 × 104The magnetic field of T/s
Change rate generates magnetic field force, and when the molten metal is by the electromagnetic repulsive force, the injection pressure that this repulsive force generates is greater than
The molten metal is sprayed outward and is flicked by 7.5Mpa, forms metal powder of the granularity less than 60 microns, and to be greater than 200m/s
Speed enter in the coolant liquid of the outer casing inner wall, as coolant liquid flows into the metal powder collector unit.
Preferably, pulse magnet set top is bullet.
Preferably, the pulse magnet set and the mask plate are ceramic material.
Preferably, the pulse magnet coil inside is provided with magnet interlayer cooling system.
Other side according to the invention provides a kind of method for preparing metal powder using the device, packet
Include following steps:
(1) metal or metal alloy is melted to obtain molten metal liquid, is placed in the metal liquid container；
(2) the molten metal liquid is flowed out from the annular through-hole of the metal liquid container bottom, across thermal insulation board
Annular through-hole covers outer wall to flowing down along the pulse magnet, while the pulse magnet starts to discharge；
(3) metal liquid is first fitted in the pulse magnet set outer wall and flows down, and is flowing through without containing mask plate region,
The metal liquid sprays outward under the repulsive force effect that pulse magnetic generates, into the coolant liquid of the outer casing inner wall,
As coolant liquid flows into the metal powder collector unit, institute is obtained by being separated by solid-liquid separation in the metal powder collector unit
State metal powder；
(4) molten metal not sprayed flows into molten metal accumulator tank along pulse magnet set outer wall, passes through
In metal liquid container described in liquid pump blowback.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, can obtain down and show
Beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention provides a kind of devices using electromagnetic force preparation casting metal powder.It is by means of electrical pulse
Coil generates magnetic field, by means of conductive metal liquid in magnetic field by forceful electric power magnetic repulsion outside spray fine, it is cooling after shape
At metal powder, the apparatus for preparing metal powder is easy to operate, recyclable, controllability is strong, noise is small, and is put by changing
Piezoelectric voltage can generate different size of injection pressure to metal liquid, can be flexibly applied to the preparation of various metal powders.
(2) it is provided with mask plate in apparatus for preparing metal powder of the present invention, which is set on pulse magnet outside
Portion and lower part, the mask plate play triple role: A. is heat-insulated, avoids thermal loss；B. it is provided for molten metal liquid stream logical
Road；Jeting area is concentrated in the middle part of magnet, effectively prevents both ends magnetic force by the magnetic line of force for C. covering in magnet upper and lower part
Line is unevenly distributed the situation that the jet power that may cause is uneven, metal powder granulates are irregular.
(3) characteristic separated under electromagnetic force using magnet inner coil designs axis in pulse magnet coil inside
To liquid nitrogen cooling duct, so that cooling medium is introduced directly into inside magnet, achieve the purpose that interlayer cooling inside magnet, effectively
Device space is saved.
(4) direct using hydraulic pump after carrying out secondary collection to the molten metal that pulse magnet discharging gap is not handled
Liquid by magnet center hole path blowback liquid container, the efficient circulation for realizing metal liquid raw material is utilized.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the present invention utilizes electromagnetic force to prepare pulse magnet discharge curve in the device and method of metal powder；
Fig. 2 is the magnetic line of force schematic diagram that the present invention prepares that pulse magnet is generated in the device of metal powder using electromagnetic force；
Fig. 3 is the device preferred embodiment that the present invention prepares metal powder using electromagnetic force；
Fig. 4 is that the present invention using electromagnetic force prepares in the device of metal powder that at pulse magnet wound around coil group center section
Figure；
Fig. 5 is the sectional view that the present invention prepares thermal insulation board in the device of metal powder using electromagnetic force；
Fig. 6 is helicla flute of the device inside outer wall for coolant flow that the present invention prepares metal powder using electromagnetic force；
Fig. 7 is that the device that the present invention prepares metal powder using electromagnetic force is bent based on the variation of the pulse current of Comsol platform
Line simulation result diagram；
Fig. 8 is pulsed magnetic field magnetic flux of the device based on Comsol platform that the present invention prepares metal powder using electromagnetic force
Change curve simulation result diagram；
Fig. 9 is that the present invention is distributed using the device that electromagnetic force prepares metal powder based on the electromagnetic field intensity of Comsol platform
Simulation result diagram；
Figure 10 is electromagnetic injection pressure of the device based on Comsol platform that the present invention prepares metal powder using electromagnetic force
Simulation result diagram；
In all the appended drawings, identical appended drawing reference is used to denote the same element or structure, in which:
1- feeding molten metal pipeline；2- metal liquid container；3- metal liquid to be processed；4- thermal insulation board；5- coolant liquid
Supply valve；6- mask plate；7- pulse magnet set；8- shell；9- metal collection chamber；10- pulse magnet；11- pulse magnet is cooling
System；12- metal liquid reflux line；13- metal liquid accumulator tank；14- hydraulic pump；15- finished product collecting tank；16- metal powder
End；17- annular through-hole.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below
Not constituting a conflict with each other can be combined with each other.
The present invention provides a kind of devices that metal powder is prepared using electromagnetic force, including feeding molten metal unit, electricity
Magnetic Metal powder preparation unit and metal powder collector unit.
The feeding molten metal unit is used for the electromagnetic force metal powder preparation unit supplying melting metal, described
Molten metal prepares in electromagnetic force metal powder preparation unit completion metal powder and is collected in the metal powder and receives
Collect unit.
Electromagnetic force metal powder preparation unit includes pulse magnet, and the pulse magnet around magnet for generating the period
Property electromagnetic attraction and electromagnetic repulsive force, pulse magnet be wound around coil group, pulse magnet be placed in pulse magnet set in；Pulse
It is preferably bullet that magnet, which covers top, is flowed downward convenient for metal liquid.It is cold that pulse magnet coil inside is provided with magnet interlayer
But system, preferably coil inside design axial liquid nitrogen cooling duct.
Pulse magnet set upper outside and lower outside are provided with mask plate, and the mask plate is for covering in the pulse
The magnetic line of force of magnet upper and lower part makes metal powder concentrate on the strongest region of the magnetic line of force in the middle part of magnet and completes metal powder system
It is standby.Mask plate adhered shape magnet set, the mask plate of upper and lower part can it is identical also must be same, its object is to hide
Block the weaker magnetic line of force in pulse magnet upper and lower part.The mask plate is set to pulse magnet outer upper and lower part, the screening
Cover plate plays triple role: A. is heat-insulated, avoids thermal loss；B. access is provided for molten metal liquid stream；C. magnetic is covered in
The magnetic line of force of body upper and lower part concentrates on jeting area in the middle part of magnet, and effectively preventing that the both ends magnetic line of force is unevenly distributed can
The situation that jet power caused by energy is uneven, metal powder granulates are irregular.
Pulse magnet set and mask plate are both preferably ceramic material.
Electromagnetic force metal powder preparation unit outermost further includes shell, and the outer casing inner wall is provided with spiral helicine sawtooth
Slot fills cryogenic liquid in the spiral helicine serrated slot, and serrated slot provides distribution channel for cryogenic liquid, the coolant liquid
Along the outer casing inner wall, circumferentially convolution forms coolant liquid surface layer.
Molten metal is flowed out from the feeding molten metal unit under the effect of gravity, covers outer wall along the pulse magnet
Flow into the electromagnetic force metal powder preparation unit；The pulse magnet is under the action of recurrent pulses electric current to the melting
Metal generates periodic electromagnetic attraction and electromagnetic repulsive force in the horizontal direction, and the molten metal is inhaled by the electromagnetism
When gravitation, it is close to the pulse magnet set outer wall while flows downward under the effect of gravity；It is not covered by the mask plate flowing through
The region of lid, when the molten metal is by the electromagnetic repulsive force, the molten metal sprays outward, into the shell
In the coolant liquid of wall, as coolant liquid flows into the metal powder collector unit, pass through in the metal powder collector unit solid
Liquid separation obtains the metal powder；The molten metal not sprayed flows into melting gold along pulse magnet set outer wall
Belong to accumulator tank.
Feeding molten metal unit includes feeding molten metal pipeline and metal liquid container, the feeding molten metal list
Thermal insulation board, the metal liquid container are provided between the metal liquid container and the electromagnetic force metal powder preparation unit of member
Bottom offers annular through-hole, and the thermal insulation board also offers annular through-hole, and the annular of the metal liquid container bottom is logical
Hole is connected with the annular through-hole of the thermal insulation board, and the metal liquid is logical along the annular from the metal liquid container bottom
Hole flows down, and across the annular through-hole of the thermal insulation board, flows downward under the effect of gravity along pulse magnet set outer wall.It is heat-insulated
Plate can be various shape, such as round or rectangular, which plays support and heat-blocking action.
It is provided with metal liquid reflux line between metal liquid container and the molten metal accumulator tank, it will by liquid pump
In metal liquid container described in metal liquid blowback in the molten metal accumulator tank.
The device provided by the invention that metal powder is prepared using electromagnetic force, including feeding molten metal unit, electromagnetic force
Metal powder preparation unit and metal powder collector unit.Feeding molten metal unit is for providing molten metal liquid, electromagnetism
Power metal powder preparation unit is used to import metal liquid and eject outward under its forceful electric power magnetic repulsion generated effect,
Separation is collected after coolant liquid is cooling to metal powder collector unit.
The method for preparing metal powder using above-mentioned apparatus, includes the following steps:
(1) metal or metal alloy is melted to obtain molten metal liquid, is placed in the metal liquid container；
(2) the molten metal liquid is flowed out from the annular through-hole of the metal liquid container bottom, along the pulse
Magnet covers outer wall to flowing down, while the pulse magnet starts to discharge；
(3) metal liquid is first fitted in the pulse magnet set outer wall and flows down, and is flowing through without containing mask plate region,
And by pulse magnet generate electromagnetic repulsive force when, the metal liquid is sprayed outward by strong injection pressure, from
And enter in the coolant liquid of the outer casing inner wall, as coolant liquid flows into the metal powder collector unit, in the metal powder
Last collector unit obtains the metal powder by being separated by solid-liquid separation.
(4) molten metal not sprayed flows into molten metal accumulator tank along pulse magnet set outer wall, passes through
In metal liquid container described in liquid pump blowback.
The pulse magnet charge graph that the present invention uses is as shown in Figure 1, the magnetic line of force such as Fig. 2 institute that pulse magnet generates
Show.After pulse magnet starts electric discharge, electric current is gradually increased, and upward magnetic flux gradually increases, and ceramic pulse magnet set does not stress,
And to hinder upward magnetic flux to continue to become larger, i.e., the molten metal of outer surface flowing generates inductive loop due to Lenz's law
Go out opposite magnetic fields with pulsed coil magnetic field induction, is vortexed the current direction phase that direction is induced with metal liquid in coil at this time
Instead, in horizontal direction by Lorentz electromagnetic attraction, in vertical direction, metal liquid is simultaneously by downward gravity and upwards
Frictional force, since hydrodynamic friction factor is very small, molten metal friction is much smaller than its own gravity, therefore gold
The outer wall that category liquid againsts ceramic pulse magnet set flows downward；After pulse current reaches maximum, decline rapidly, upward magnetic flux
Amount is reduced suddenly, and according to Lenz's law, the molten metal of outer surface flowing at this time generates opposite direction vortex rapidly to augment upwards
Magnetic flux, i.e., go out the magnetic field of the same direction with pulsed coil magnetic field induction, electric current is induced with metal liquid in coil at this time
Current direction it is identical, the metal liquid electromagnetic repulsion force powerful by one and sprayed outward as powdered.
Forceful electric power magnetic repulsion size that metal liquid of the present invention is subject to and pulse magnet magnetic field strength change with time rate
It is closely related, the requirement according to different metal interior structures to force of explosion is different, by adjusting pulse current pulsewidth and amplitude,
The injection pressure of arbitrary size within the scope of 0~20Mpa can be generated to molten metals in liquid state film.To prepare aluminium silicon AlSi10Mg
For metal powder, the magnetic field strength rate of changing with time that pulse magnet of the present invention generates is at least 3.75 × 104T/s is produced
The injection pressure of raw about 7.5MPa, molten metal sprays to form metal powder of the granularity less than 60 microns after, with the speed of 200m/s
Degree is injected into the apparatus for preparing metal powder outer casing inner wall outward and enters in cooling water of the temperature less than 10 DEG C.
The power supply mode of pulse magnet of the present invention can be battery and the integrated power supply of FPGA pulse trigger, can also connect
Connect power supply line power supply, preferably storage battery power supply.
The device that electromagnetic force proposed by the present invention prepares metal powder is applicable to the preparation of various metal powders, including system
The raw metal powder of standby 3D printing.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 3 is the one such preferred embodiment of device that the present invention prepares metal powder using electromagnetic force, melting gold
Belonging to feed unit includes feeding molten metal pipeline 1 and metal liquid container 2.Feeding molten metal pipeline 1 is used for molten
3 water conservancy diversion of metal liquid to be processed of state is into metal liquid container 2.
Electromagnetic force metal powder preparation unit includes pulse magnet 10, and pulse magnet 10 is wound around coil group, in magnetic
The forceful electric power magnetic repulsion of moment is generated around body, sectional view is as shown in Figure 4 at winding center.The magnetic field strength that the pulse magnet generates
The rate that changes with time speed depends on the metal powder internal structure stress intensity specifically handled.Pulse magnet coil inside is set
It is equipped with pulse magnet cooling system 11, is magnet interlayer cooling system, axial liquid nitrogen cooling duct is designed by coil inside
To realize.Pulse magnet 10 is placed in pulse magnet set 7, and pulse magnet set 7 is closed cavity；Pulse magnet covers 7 tops under
Mask plate 6 is provided on the outside of portion, mask plate 6 is used to cover in the magnetic line of force of magnet upper and lower part, concentrates on metal powder
Metal powder preparation is completed in the strongest region of the magnetic line of force in the middle part of magnet.Due to magnet both ends Distribution of Magnetic Field unevenness, and intensity is compared with magnetic
Weakened in the middle part of body, mask plate 6 is set to be for controlling metal liquid and only being crushed in the middle part of magnet by electromagnetic force
Metal powder.Mask plate 6 is arranged as shown in Figure 1.
It is provided between the metal liquid container 2 and electromagnetic force metal powder preparation unit of feeding molten metal unit heat-insulated
Plate 4,2 bottom of metal liquid container offer downwards annular through-hole, and the annular through-hole passes through thermal insulation board 4, and metal liquid is from institute
It states 2 bottom of metal liquid container to flow down along the annular through-hole, by thermal insulation board 4, covers 7 outer walls along pulse magnet and flow downward.
Thermal insulation board 4 is circle, which plays support and heat-blocking action, and the annular through-hole and metal liquid of thermal insulation board central part hold
The annular through-hole of the bottom of device 2 is connected.4 schematic cross-section of thermal insulation board is as shown in Figure 5.Its central circular through hole is set for connecting
Metal liquid reflux line 12 is set, annular through-hole covers 7 outer walls for connecting pulse magnet, so that metal liquid holds from metal liquid
Device flows down, and passes through the annular through-hole downward along pulse magnet and covers the flowing of 7 outer walls, flows through upper and lower ends and be provided at mask plate,
Metal liquid cannot spray outward, only in the middle part of pulse magnet, under the forceful electric power magnetic repulsion effect with high-intensity magnetic field, be injected into
In the coolant liquid of 8 inner wall of shell.
Shell 8 is additionally provided with outside electromagnetic force metal powder preparation unit, shell 8 can be cylindrical body shell, such as Fig. 6 institute
Show, 8 inner wall of shell is provided with spiral helicine slot (specific set-up mode can refer to patent 107096921A), in the spiral helicine slot
Coolant liquid is filled, which enters shell 8 from supply coolant valve 5 and circumferentially convolution forms coolant liquid face along outer casing inner wall
Layer.Spiral helicine slot makes coolant liquid spray outflow to the inner wall tangential direction of tubular body case 8, to make coolant liquid along cylindrical body
Shell 8 circumferentially circles round and forms cooling liquid levels layer on inner wall, to receive the metal powder granulates for spraying pop-up at a high speed.The tubular
It is provided with supply coolant valve 5 on the outside of body case, for persistently providing coolant liquid to the outer casing inner wall.Tubular body case and pulse
Metal collection chamber 9 is constituted between magnet set 7.
Pulse magnet molten metal flows into electromagnetic force metal powder along pulse magnet set outer wall from feeding molten metal unit
Last preparation unit, when flowing through pulse magnet set middle part, under the effect of forceful electric power magnetic repulsion, molten metal sprays outward, into pulse
The metal collection chamber 9 constituted between ceramic jacket 7 and tubular body case 8, travels further into the coolant liquid of the outer casing inner wall, with
Coolant liquid flow into metal powder collector unit, obtain the metal powder by being separated by solid-liquid separation in metal powder collector unit
16, it collects in finished product collecting tank 15；In inter-spike intervals twice or mask plate region is flowed through, the molten metal not sprayed
7 outer walls, which are covered, along pulse magnet flows into metal liquid accumulator tank 13.
Metal liquid reflux line is provided between metal liquid container and molten metal accumulator tank, it will be described by liquid pump
In metal liquid container described in metal liquid blowback in molten metal accumulator tank.Metal reflow pipeline 12 is detachable, is hydraulic
The metal liquid that 14 pump of pump comes up is transmitted back to metal liquid container 2 and provides channel.
Metal liquid container 2 connects feeding molten metal pipeline 1 by through-hole, and lower part connects metal liquid by through-hole and returns
Flow tube road 12,2 bottom of metal liquid container offer annular through-hole 17, and metal liquid is flowed out from the annular through-hole, pass through heat-insulated
Plate 4, lasting to flow out, setting flow velocity at least makes metal liquid be paved with pulse magnet set outer wall.It is bullet that pulse magnet, which covers top,
Middle part is column, smoothly continues in order to metal liquid and is flowed down with suitable flow velocity along pulse magnet set outer wall.Pulse
Magnet set and the mask plate are ceramic material.
Based on above-mentioned apparatus, by taking Al-alloy metal as an example, AlSi is prepared12/ALSi10Mg powder, includes the following steps:
(1) by 3D printing raw material A lSi12/ALSi10Mg melting in smelting furnace, temperature can be whole at 650 DEG C or more
The aluminium alloy of fusing is imported graphite crucible by fusing, is controlled temperature at 730 DEG C or so, is reached and commonly use gravity casting in industry
Temperature requirement；Here graphite crucible is metal liquid container of the present invention.
(2) the molten condition metal liquid in graphite crucible is flowed out along graphite crucible base circle through-hole, is covered with lower section pottery
Porcelain outer wall, while ceramic cavity internal pulses magnet starts to discharge, discharge voltage 15kV, carried out by Cosmol platform based on
It calculates, simulation result is as shown in fig. 7, the discharge current generated in 120 μ s is about 26.8kA；As shown in figure 8, generated in 120 μ s
Magnetic induction intensity is about 4.5T, and change rate of magnetic density is about 3.75 × 104T/s, magnetic field when pulse current is to reach to peak value are strong
It is as shown in Figure 9 to spend distribution situation.
(3) under the action of the charge and discharge of pulse current periodicity, metal liquid is first fitted tightly over ceramics by electromagnetic attraction
Container outer wall, then by intense electromagnetic repulsion, AlSi as caused by inductive loop in the same direction under magnetic field strength acute variation12/
ALSi10When Mg metal liquid is with a thickness of 0.4mm, it can produce the injection pressure of 7.5MPa, be injected into metal liquid uniformly outward
For metal powder, the cooling cylinder that inner peripheral surface has the flowing coating of cooling liquid flowed down in rotation is entered with the speed of 200m/s, and it is cold
But rear under liquid mixed flow to enter metal powder collecting tank, draining coolant liquid can be obtained finished metal powder.Made by electromagnetic induction
It is as shown in Figure 10 with the injection pressure simulation result of generation.
(4) molten metal left in inter-spike intervals twice then continues to flow into accumulator tank along ceramic coat, then passes through back
Trench bottom hydraulic pump is received, from the pipeline of magnet center through hole again blowback graphite crucible, to achieve the purpose that recycle.
By upper described device and method, the 3D printing raw material A lSi that is prepared12/ALSi10Mg metal powder granularity is small
In 60 microns, and powder size range narrowly distributing.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of device for preparing metal powder using electromagnetic force, which is characterized in that including feeding molten metal unit, electromagnetic force
Metal powder preparation unit and metal powder collector unit；
The feeding molten metal unit is used for the electromagnetic force metal powder preparation unit supplying melting metal, the melting
Metal completes metal powder preparation in the electromagnetic force metal powder preparation unit, and the metal powder being prepared is collected in institute
State metal powder collector unit；
The electromagnetic force metal powder preparation unit includes pulse magnet, and the pulse magnet around magnet for generating the period
The electromagnetic attraction and electromagnetic repulsive force of property；
The electromagnetic force metal powder preparation unit outermost further includes shell, and the outer casing inner wall is provided with spiral helicine slot,
Coolant liquid is filled in the spiral helicine slot, circumferentially convolution forms coolant liquid surface layer to the coolant liquid along the outer casing inner wall；
When the molten metal is by the electromagnetic repulsive force, the injection pressure that this repulsive force generates is outside by the molten metal
Injection flicks, and into the coolant liquid of the outer casing inner wall, forms metal powder, the metal powder flows into institute with coolant liquid
Metal powder collector unit is stated, obtains the metal powder by being separated by solid-liquid separation.
2. device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the pulse magnet is placed in pulse magnet set；The pulse
Magnet set upper outside and lower outside are provided with mask plate, and the mask plate is for covering in the pulse magnet top under
The magnetic line of force in portion makes metal powder concentrate on the strongest region of the magnetic line of force in the middle part of magnet and completes metal powder preparation；
The molten metal is flowed out from the feeding molten metal unit under the effect of gravity, covers outer wall along the pulse magnet
Flow into the electromagnetic force metal powder preparation unit；The pulse magnet generates magnetic field under the action of recurrent pulses electric current
Power generates periodic electromagnetic attraction and electromagnetic repulsive force, the molten metal to the molten metal in the horizontal direction
When by the electromagnetic attraction, it is close to the pulse magnet set outer wall while flows downward under the effect of gravity；It is flowing through not
The region covered by the mask plate, when the molten metal is by the electromagnetic repulsive force, the jet pressure of this repulsive force generation
Power sprays the molten metal outward to be flicked, and into the coolant liquid of the outer casing inner wall, metal powder is formed, with cooling
Liquid stream enters the metal powder collector unit, obtains the metal powder by being separated by solid-liquid separation；The melting gold not sprayed
Belong to and flows into molten metal accumulator tank along pulse magnet set outer wall.
3. device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the feeding molten metal unit includes feeding molten metal pipe
Road and metal liquid container, the metal liquid container of the feeding molten metal unit and electromagnetic force metal powder preparation are single
Thermal insulation board is provided between member, the metal liquid container bottom offers annular through-hole, and the thermal insulation board also offers annular
Through-hole, and the annular through-hole of the metal liquid container bottom is connected with the annular through-hole of the thermal insulation board, the molten metal
Body is flowed down from the metal liquid container bottom along the annular through-hole, across the annular through-hole of the thermal insulation board, along the arteries and veins
Magnet set outer wall is rushed to flow downward under the effect of gravity.
4. device as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the metal liquid container and the molten metal accumulator tank it
Between be provided with metal liquid reflux line, by liquid pump by metal described in the metal liquid blowback in the molten metal accumulator tank
In liquid container.
5. device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the pulse magnet is wound around coil group, by adjusting pulse
Current strength generates the injection pressure within the scope of 0~20Mpa.
6. device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the pulse magnet under the action of recurrent pulses electric current with
Not less than 3.75 × 104The rate of change of magnetic of T/s generates magnetic field force, when the molten metal is by the electromagnetic repulsive force, this
The injection pressure that repulsive force generates is greater than 7.5Mpa, and the molten metal is sprayed outward and is flicked, and forms granularity less than 60 microns
Metal powder, and entered with the speed greater than 200m/s in the coolant liquid of the outer casing inner wall, flow into coolant liquid described in
Metal powder collector unit.
7. device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that pulse magnet set top is bullet.
8. device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the pulse magnet covers and the mask plate is ceramic material
Matter.
9. device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the pulse magnet coil inside is provided with magnet interlayer cooling
System.
10. a kind of method that the device using as described in claim 1 to 9 prepares metal powder, which is characterized in that including as follows
Step:
(1) metal or metal alloy is melted to obtain molten metal liquid, is placed in the metal liquid container；
(2) the molten metal liquid is flowed out from the annular through-hole of the metal liquid container bottom, across the annular of thermal insulation board
Through-hole covers outer wall to flowing down along the pulse magnet, while the pulse magnet starts to discharge；
(3) metal liquid is first fitted in the pulse magnet set outer wall and flows down, and is flowing through without containing mask plate region, described
Metal liquid sprays outward under the repulsive force effect that pulse magnetic generates, into the coolant liquid of the outer casing inner wall, with
Coolant liquid flows into the metal powder collector unit, obtains the gold by being separated by solid-liquid separation in the metal powder collector unit
Belong to powder；
(4) molten metal not sprayed flows into molten metal accumulator tank along pulse magnet set outer wall, passes through liquid pump
In metal liquid container described in blowback.
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