CN108941539B - Preparation method and equipment of silver-coated copper powder with low waste liquid discharge - Google Patents
Preparation method and equipment of silver-coated copper powder with low waste liquid discharge Download PDFInfo
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- CN108941539B CN108941539B CN201810652424.4A CN201810652424A CN108941539B CN 108941539 B CN108941539 B CN 108941539B CN 201810652424 A CN201810652424 A CN 201810652424A CN 108941539 B CN108941539 B CN 108941539B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/17—Metallic particles coated with metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/16—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
- B22F9/18—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds
- B22F9/24—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from liquid metal compounds, e.g. solutions
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method and equipment of silver-coated copper powder with low waste liquid discharge. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1. pickling the flaky copper powder; 2. kneading the flaky copper powder to obtain silver-coated copper paste; 3. extruding and filtering the silver-coated copper paste; 4. and drying the filtered silver-coated copper paste to obtain the silver-coated copper powder. The preparation method provided by the invention can realize the industrial production of the silver-coated copper powder; the atomization feeding and kneading coating are adopted during the production of the silver-coated copper powder, so that the using amount of a solvent can be reduced, the low waste liquid discharge is realized, and the loss of copper materials is reduced; the preparation process is simple, the labor and the time are saved, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation process of silver-coated copper conductive powder, in particular to a preparation method and equipment of silver-coated copper conductive powder, which can realize large-scale production and low waste liquid discharge.
Background
At present, the production of silver-coated copper conductive powder basically does not realize industrial production, namely, the production of a small amount of chemical plating by using a reaction kettle is also mostly used. The chemical plating using the reaction kettle has low production efficiency and needs to consume a large amount of manpower and time. Because the capacity of the reaction kettle is limited and a large amount of solution needs to be added in the reaction process, the product quantity in each time is not large, and the productivity cannot keep pace. Along with the reaction, a large amount of waste liquid is generated. The waste liquid contains a certain amount of copper ions, the copper ions in the waste liquid are difficult to recover, waste is caused, and meanwhile, the waste liquid containing the copper ions is discharged, so that the environment is polluted.
Therefore, how to overcome the defects of low production efficiency, material waste and environmental pollution of the existing silver-coated copper preparation process is an urgent problem to be solved in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method and equipment of silver-coated copper powder, which can realize industrial production and low waste liquid discharge, and aims to solve the problems of low production efficiency, material waste and environmental pollution of the existing preparation process of silver-coated copper.
The invention provides a preparation method of silver-coated copper powder with low waste liquid discharge, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, pickling flaky copper powder
Putting the flake copper powder into a pickling tank filled with an acid solution, stirring and pickling, and discharging a waste acid solution; then putting deionized water into the mixture to immerse the flaky copper powder, and discharging wastewater after stirring and cleaning;
step 2: kneading of flaky copper powder
Placing the pickled flaky copper powder in a kneader, setting the temperature in the kneader and the rotating speed of a stirring paddle, starting, and spraying a silver solution and a reducing agent solution into the kneader in an atomizing manner, so that the reducing agent solution, the silver solution and the flaky copper powder are kneaded and coated completely to obtain silver-coated copper slurry;
and step 3: extruding the silver-coated copper slurry into a suction filtration funnel, and then carrying out suction filtration on the silver-coated copper slurry;
and 4, step 4: and drying the filtered silver-coated copper paste to obtain the silver-coated copper powder.
The invention also provides equipment for a preparation method of the silver-coated copper powder with low waste liquid discharge, which comprises the following steps: the inside kneading machine that is equipped with the stirring rake, locate pickling bath, the reinforced spray barrel of silver ammonia solution and the reinforced spray barrel of reducing agent solution that have movable bottom plate above this kneading machine, locate the upper portion inlet of pickling bath and be equipped with the leakage fluid dram of pickling bath lower part, locate the double-bladed agitator in the pickling bath, with kneading machine exit linkage's screw extrusion device, with this screw extrusion device exit linkage's suction filtration funnel and be used for the vacuum pump of suction filtration, still including being used for toasting the oven of the material that this suction filtration funnel filtered out.
The preparation method of the silver-coated copper powder with low waste liquid discharge, provided by the invention, can realize industrial production of the silver-coated copper powder, solves the problem of large-scale production of the silver-coated copper powder, and can produce more than 100kg of silver-coated copper powder at one time; the conventional preparation process of the silver-coated copper powder can generate a large amount of waste liquid, and the waste liquid contains a large amount of copper ions which are difficult to recover and cause waste and pollution, the atomization feeding and kneading coating are adopted during the production of the silver-coated copper powder, so that the using amount of a solvent can be reduced, the low waste liquid discharge is realized, and the copper material loss is reduced, and the waste discharge amount of the preparation method is 1/4-1/2 for carrying out chemical plating in a reaction kettle; the preparation method for preparing the silver-coated copper powder has the advantages of simple preparation process, labor and time saving and great improvement of production efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus for producing silver-coated copper powder according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention provides a schematic diagram of a silver-coated copper powder preparation device with low waste liquid discharge. The equipment for preparing the silver-coated copper powder by using the low waste liquid discharge comprises: the inside kneader 1 that is equipped with stirring rake 11, locate pickling bath 2, the reinforced spray barrel of silver ammonia solution 3 and the reinforced spray barrel of reducing agent solution 4 that have movable bottom plate of this kneader 1 top, locate pickling bath 2's upper portion inlet 8 and be equipped with the leakage fluid dram 9 of pickling bath 2 lower part, locate double-bladed agitator 10 in pickling bath 2, with kneader 1 exit linkage's screw extrusion device 5, with this screw extrusion device 5 exit linkage's suction filtration funnel 6 and be used for the vacuum pump 12 of suction filtration. Also comprises an oven 7 for baking the materials filtered out by the suction filter funnel 6.
The invention provides silver-coated copper powder preparation equipment with low waste liquid discharge, which is high-efficiency preparation equipment with low waste liquid discharge and large volume
The method is divided into three parts:
1. and (4) pickling the area. Starting a pickling tank through two double-paddle stirrers to pickle stearic acid and oxides on the surface of the flake copper powder, and then washing residual acid on the flake copper powder with deionized water;
2. the silver ion solution and the copper powder are kneaded in the reaction area. Under the condition of high concentration, a silver layer grows on the surface of the flake copper powder by a displacement reduction method, so that the copper powder is coated;
3. and (5) filtering and drying the area. And after the coating is finished, performing suction filtration on the product through filter paper and a funnel, filtering a small amount of waste liquid generated in the reaction, and finally drying.
The specific embodiment of the preparation method of the silver-coated copper powder with low waste liquid discharge provided by the invention is as follows (please refer to fig. 1):
example 1:
step 1: pickling of flake copper powder
0.35kg of concentrated sulfuric acid was added to 150kg of deionized water to prepare a dilute sulfuric acid solution. The prepared dilute sulfuric acid solution is added into the pickling tank 2 through a liquid inlet 8.
70kg of flake copper powder was placed in the pickling tank 2 and stirred for 20 minutes at 200-400rpm using a double-blade stirrer 10. And opening a liquid outlet 9 of the pickling tank 2 to discharge the waste acid solution.
And closing the liquid outlet 9, opening the liquid inlet 8, and washing residual acid solution on the flake copper powder by deionized water. Then the deionized water is immersed in the flake copper powder, and after stirring for 10 minutes at the rotation speed of 200-400rpm, the liquid outlet 9 is opened to discharge the cleaning wastewater.
Step 2: kneading of flaky copper powder
47kg of silver nitrate was dissolved in 40kg of deionized water, and 42kg of ammonia water was added to make the solution clear and transparent. The prepared silver ammonia solution is added into a silver ammonia solution feeding spray barrel 3.
35kg of glucose was dissolved in 80kg of deionized water. The prepared glucose reducing solution was added to the reducing agent charging spray tank 4.
And (3) opening a bottom plate which can be drawn at the bottom of the pickling tank 2, so that the cleaned flake copper powder falls into the kneading machine 1 below. And adjusting the temperature of the kneader to 50-70 ℃, starting the kneader, adjusting the stirring paddle 11 to a proper rotating speed, and kneading and stirring the flaky copper powder.
Adjusting an air compressor, uniformly spraying the silver-ammonia solution in the silver-ammonia solution feeding spraying barrel 3 onto the flaky copper powder in the kneader 1, and performing displacement reaction on the surface of the clean and flat flaky copper powder by silver ions to ensure that silver crystal nuclei grow on the surface of the copper sheet, wherein the fog spraying time of the silver-ammonia solution is controlled within half an hour. And uniformly spraying the glucose reducing solution in the reducing agent feeding spraying barrel 4 into the kneader 1, and carrying out reduction reaction on the silver-ammonia solution to ensure that silver ions grow on the surface of the flaky copper powder along silver crystal nuclei to coat the copper sheet. The glucose reducing solution and the silver ammonia solution can be sprayed into the kneader 1 at the same time, and the spraying time of the glucose reducing solution is controlled within 1 hour.
After the silver ammonia solution and the glucose reducing solution are sprayed, the silver ammonia solution and the glucose reducing solution and the flake copper powder are stirred, kneaded and reacted for 1 hour, so that the flake copper powder is kneaded and coated completely.
And step 3: and extruding the silver-coated copper paste after the kneading and coating is finished into a suction filtration funnel 6 by using a screw extrusion device 5, and opening a vacuum pump to carry out suction filtration on the silver-coated copper paste.
And 4, step 4: and finally, putting the filtered silver-coated copper paste into an oven 7, and drying for 2 hours at the temperature of 65-85 ℃.
About 100kg of silver-coated copper powder was finally obtained in this example, and about 400kg of waste liquid was generated, which is 1/3 of the discharge amount of waste liquid in conventional wet process for preparing silver-coated copper powder.
Example 2:
step 1: pickling of flake copper powder
0.4kg of concentrated sulfuric acid was added to 200kg of deionized water to prepare a dilute sulfuric acid solution. The prepared dilute sulfuric acid solution is added into the pickling tank 2 through a liquid inlet 8.
100kg of flake copper powder was placed in the pickling bath 2 and stirred for 20 minutes using a double-blade stirrer 10 at 200 and 400 rpm. And opening a liquid outlet 9 of the pickling tank 2 to discharge the waste acid solution.
And closing the liquid outlet 9, opening the liquid inlet 8, and washing residual acid solution on the flake copper powder by deionized water. Then the deionized water is immersed in the flake copper powder, and after stirring for 10 minutes at the rotation speed of 200-400rpm, the liquid outlet 9 is opened to discharge the cleaning wastewater.
Step 2: kneading of flaky copper powder
79kg of silver nitrate was dissolved in 75kg of deionized water, and 72kg of ammonia water was added to make the solution clear and transparent. The prepared silver ammonia solution is added into a silver ammonia solution feeding spray barrel 3.
53kg of glucose was dissolved in 95kg of deionized water. The prepared glucose reducing solution was added to the reducing agent charging spray tank 4.
And (3) opening a bottom plate which can be drawn at the bottom of the pickling tank 2, so that the cleaned flake copper powder falls into the kneading machine 1 below. And adjusting the temperature of the kneader to 50-70 ℃, starting the kneader, adjusting the stirring paddle 11 to a proper rotating speed, and kneading and stirring the flaky copper powder.
Adjusting an air compressor, uniformly spraying the silver-ammonia solution in the silver-ammonia solution feeding spraying barrel 3 onto the flaky copper powder in the kneader 1, and performing displacement reaction on the surface of the clean and flat flaky copper powder by silver ions to ensure that silver crystal nuclei grow on the surface of the copper sheet, wherein the fog spraying time of the silver-ammonia solution is controlled within half an hour. And uniformly spraying the glucose reducing solution in the reducing agent feeding spraying barrel 4 into the kneader 1, and carrying out reduction reaction on the silver-ammonia solution to ensure that silver ions grow on the surface of the flaky copper powder along silver crystal nuclei to coat the copper sheet. The glucose reducing solution and the silver ammonia solution can be sprayed into the kneader 1 at the same time, and the spraying time of the glucose reducing solution is controlled within 1 hour.
After the silver ammonia solution and the glucose reducing solution are sprayed, the silver ammonia solution and the glucose reducing solution and the flake copper powder are stirred, kneaded and reacted for 1 hour, so that the flake copper powder is kneaded and coated completely.
And step 3: and extruding the silver-coated copper paste after the kneading and coating is finished into a suction filtration funnel 6 by using a screw extrusion device 5, and opening a vacuum pump to carry out suction filtration on the silver-coated copper paste.
And 4, step 4: and finally, putting the filtered silver-coated copper paste into an oven 7, and drying for 2 hours at the temperature of 65-85 ℃.
This example finally yielded about 150kg of silver-coated copper powder, yielding about 600kg of waste liquor, which is 1/2-1/3, the amount of waste liquor discharged in conventional wet-process silver-coated copper powder production.
Example 3:
step 1: pickling of flake copper powder
0.5kg of concentrated sulfuric acid was added to 230kg of deionized water to prepare a dilute sulfuric acid solution. The prepared dilute sulfuric acid solution is added into the pickling tank 2 through a liquid inlet 8.
140kg of flake copper powder was placed in the pickling bath 2 and stirred for 20 minutes using a double-bladed stirrer 10 at 200 and 400 rpm. And opening a liquid outlet 9 of the pickling tank 2 to discharge the waste acid solution.
And closing the liquid outlet 9, opening the liquid inlet 8, and washing residual acid solution on the flake copper powder by deionized water. Then the deionized water is immersed in the flake copper powder, and after stirring for 10 minutes at the rotation speed of 200-400rpm, the liquid outlet 9 is opened to discharge the cleaning wastewater.
Step 2: kneading of flaky copper powder
95kg of silver nitrate was dissolved in 90kg of deionized water, and 88kg of ammonia water was added to make the solution clear and transparent. The prepared silver ammonia solution is added into a silver ammonia solution feeding spray barrel 3.
70kg of glucose was dissolved in 130kg of deionized water. The prepared glucose reducing solution was added to the reducing agent charging spray tank 4.
And (3) opening a bottom plate which can be drawn at the bottom of the pickling tank 2, so that the cleaned flake copper powder falls into the kneading machine 1 below. And adjusting the temperature of the kneader to 50-70 ℃, starting the kneader, adjusting the stirring paddle 11 to a proper rotating speed, and kneading and stirring the flaky copper powder.
Adjusting an air compressor, uniformly spraying the silver-ammonia solution in the silver-ammonia solution feeding spraying barrel 3 onto the flaky copper powder in the kneader 1, and performing displacement reaction on the surface of the clean and flat flaky copper powder by silver ions to ensure that silver crystal nuclei grow on the surface of the copper sheet, wherein the fog spraying time of the silver-ammonia solution is controlled within half an hour. And uniformly spraying the glucose reducing solution in the reducing agent feeding spraying barrel 4 into the kneader 1, and carrying out reduction reaction on the silver-ammonia solution to ensure that silver ions grow on the surface of the flaky copper powder along silver crystal nuclei to coat the copper sheet. The glucose reducing solution and the silver ammonia solution can be sprayed into the kneader 1 at the same time, and the spraying time of the glucose reducing solution is controlled within 1 hour.
After the silver ammonia solution and the glucose reducing solution are sprayed, the silver ammonia solution and the glucose reducing solution and the flake copper powder are stirred, kneaded and reacted for 1 hour, so that the flake copper powder is kneaded and coated completely.
And step 3: and extruding the silver-coated copper paste after the kneading and coating is finished into a suction filtration funnel 6 by using a screw extrusion device 5, and opening a vacuum pump to carry out suction filtration on the silver-coated copper paste.
And 4, step 4: and finally, putting the filtered silver-coated copper paste into an oven 7, and drying for 2 hours at the temperature of 65-85 ℃.
About 200kg of silver-coated copper powder was finally obtained in this example, and about 700kg of waste liquid was generated, which is 1/3-1/4, which is the amount of waste liquid discharged in the conventional wet process for preparing silver-coated copper powder.
According to the requirement, the acid solution of the invention can be a dilute sulphuric acid solution with the acid content of 0.25-0.4%. The silver ammonia solution is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 47-50kg of silver nitrate: 35-40kg of deionized water: 45-50kg of ammonia water. The reducing agent is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 12-16kg of glucose: 20-30kg of deionized water. In the step of pickling the flaky copper powder, the rotation speed of pickling stirring and cleaning stirring is 200-400 rpm; the acid washing and stirring time is 15-30 minutes. The kneader temperature is adjusted to 40-70 ℃. The spraying time of the silver ammonia solution is 0.5 to 1 hour; the spraying time of the reducing agent is within 1 hour. And after the silver-ammonia solution and the reducing agent are sprayed, continuously kneading and reacting the silver-ammonia solution and the reducing agent with the flake copper powder for 1 hour.
The preparation method of the silver-coated copper powder can realize industrial production; the atomization feeding and kneading coating are adopted during the production of the silver-coated copper powder, so that the using amount of a solvent can be reduced, the low waste liquid discharge is realized, and the loss of copper materials is reduced; the preparation process is simple, the labor and the time are saved, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.
The above-mentioned embodiments are mainly intended to illustrate the inventive concept, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept, and all such changes and modifications are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of silver-coated copper powder with low waste liquid discharge comprises the following steps:
step 1, pickling flaky copper powder
Putting the flake copper powder into a pickling tank filled with an acid solution, stirring and pickling, and discharging a waste acid solution; then putting deionized water into the mixture to immerse the flaky copper powder, and discharging wastewater after stirring and cleaning;
step 2: kneading of flaky copper powder
Placing the pickled flaky copper powder in a kneader, setting the temperature in the kneader and the rotating speed of a stirring paddle, starting, and spraying a silver-ammonia solution and a reducing agent solution into the kneader in an atomizing manner, so that the reducing agent solution, the silver-ammonia solution and the flaky copper powder are completely kneaded and coated to obtain silver-coated copper slurry;
and step 3: extruding the silver-coated copper slurry into a suction filtration funnel, and then carrying out suction filtration on the silver-coated copper slurry;
and 4, step 4: drying the filtered silver-coated copper paste to obtain the silver-coated copper powder;
wherein:
the silver ammonia solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 47-50kg of silver nitrate: 35-40kg of deionized water: 45-50kg of ammonia water;
the reducing agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12-16kg of glucose: 20-30kg of deionized water.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the acid solution is a dilute sulfuric acid solution having an acid content of 0.25 to 0.4%.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step of pickling the copper flake powder, the rotation speeds of pickling stirring and cleaning stirring are both 200-400 rpm; the acid washing and stirring time is 15-30 minutes.
4. The production process according to claim 1, wherein the kneader temperature is adjusted to 40 to 70 ℃.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the silver ammonia solution is sprayed for a period of time of 0.5 to 1 hour; the spraying time of the reducing agent is within 1 hour.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein after the spraying of the silver ammonia solution and the reducing agent is completed, the kneading reaction of the silver ammonia solution and the reducing agent with the copper flake powder is continued for 1 hour.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the silver coated copper paste is dried at 70 ℃ for 2 hours.
8. An apparatus for applying the method for preparing silver-coated copper powder with low waste liquid discharge according to claim 1, it is characterized by comprising a kneader (1) internally provided with a stirring paddle (11), a pickling tank (2) with a movable bottom plate, a silver ammonia solution feeding spray barrel (3) and a reducing agent solution feeding spray barrel (4) which are arranged above the kneader (1), an upper liquid inlet (8) arranged on the pickling tank (2), a liquid outlet (9) arranged on the lower part of the pickling tank (2), and a double-paddle stirrer (10) arranged in the pickling tank (2), the screw extrusion device (5) is connected with the outlet of the kneader (1), the suction filtration funnel (6) is connected with the outlet of the screw extrusion device (5), the vacuum pump (12) is used for suction filtration, and the screw extrusion device further comprises an oven (7) used for baking materials filtered out by the suction filtration funnel (6).
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| CN102328076A (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2012-01-25 | 宁波广博纳米新材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of silver coated copper powder for electronic slurry |
| CN202343938U (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2012-07-25 | 华中科技大学 | Continuous manufacturing and original-position wrapping device for metal nanometer materials apt to be oxidized |
| CN102825258A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2012-12-19 | 淮北五星铝业有限公司 | Manufacturing method of electroplating aluminum paste |
| JP2013204050A (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2013-10-07 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | Method for producing metal sintered compact |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102328076A (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2012-01-25 | 宁波广博纳米新材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of silver coated copper powder for electronic slurry |
| CN202343938U (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2012-07-25 | 华中科技大学 | Continuous manufacturing and original-position wrapping device for metal nanometer materials apt to be oxidized |
| JP2013204050A (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2013-10-07 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | Method for producing metal sintered compact |
| CN102825258A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2012-12-19 | 淮北五星铝业有限公司 | Manufacturing method of electroplating aluminum paste |
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