CN108927404B - Layered soil remediation method - Google Patents
Layered soil remediation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108927404B CN108927404B CN201810654547.1A CN201810654547A CN108927404B CN 108927404 B CN108927404 B CN 108927404B CN 201810654547 A CN201810654547 A CN 201810654547A CN 108927404 B CN108927404 B CN 108927404B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soil layered remediation method for soil, light contaminated soil and non-contaminated soil, which is characterized in that a remediation pond is dug out in a contaminated area, and the remediation pond comprises the following steps: s1, carrying out field investigation on the polluted soil; s2, dividing the polluted soil into three layers, paving an impermeable layer in the heavy pollution from top to bottom, then placing a chemical remediation device into a remediation pond, and planning out the heavy polluted soil in the original remediation pond and the heavy polluted soil in the polluted area and putting the heavy polluted soil into the remediation pond in a centralized manner; s3, placing a repairing cylinder on one side of the repairing pond, placing repairing liquid in the repairing cylinder, connecting the repairing cylinder and a chemical repairing device through a transmission pipe, arranging a high-pressure pump between the transmission pipe and the repairing cylinder, and pumping the repairing liquid into the chemical repairing device by the high-pressure pump to repair the heavily polluted soil; s4, repairing the lightly polluted soil by using improved beneficial bacteria; and S5, planting plants on the polluted area for soil enrichment and purification.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil remediation, and particularly relates to a layered soil remediation method.
Background
Soil is originally a natural accommodation place and a purification treatment place for various wastes, and when various pollutants accommodated in the soil are excessive, the self-purification capacity of the soil is influenced and exceeded, and the soil also needs to be repaired. The causes of soil pollution are many, due to urban expansion, pesticide plants, fertilizer plants, chemical plants and the like which are originally distributed in suburbs at the periphery of cities become urban central areas, and when the land use is changed, the soil is found to be seriously polluted by heavy metals and organic matters and cannot be used as a site for human life, living and activities, and the soil can be used only by being treated and repaired. In addition, some farmlands are polluted by sewage and waste gas discharged by chemical enterprises or mining and smelting enterprises for a long time, and crops with excessive harmful substances grow on the farmlands and need to be treated for cultivation. The leachate of urban and rural refuse landfills seriously pollutes the soil and underground water sources. Due to the reasons, the soil contains heavy metals such as chromium, lead, mercury, cadmium, arsenic and the like and toxic and harmful substances which seriously exceed standards.
Fundamentally, the technical principle of contaminated soil remediation can include (1) changing the existing form of the contaminants in the soil or the combination mode of the contaminants and the soil, and reducing the mobility and bioavailability of the contaminants in the environment; (2) the concentration of harmful substances in the soil is reduced.
Soil remediation is divided into on-site remediation and remediation by displacing contaminated soil. The polluted soil is moved to be repaired, the engineering quantity is large, and the method is not suitable for large-scale soil repair. The soil remediation agent is usually added for on-site remediation, but the components of the soil remediation agent are different, and after the soil remediation agent is added, the amount of the soil remediation agent cannot be controlled, so that the waste of the soil remediation agent is caused, and the soil remediation efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a soil layered remediation method, which changes comprehensive heavy pollution remediation into local heavy pollution remediation by layering polluted soil and isolating heavy polluted soil from light polluted soil, thereby greatly reducing engineering cost and shortening remediation period.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows:
1. how to shorten the repair cycle of the polluted soil;
2. how to realize the partition omnibearing treatment of the heavily polluted soil;
3. how to rapidly remove heavy metals in contaminated soil.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a soil layered remediation method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out geological survey on the polluted soil, vertically sampling and detecting the concentration of heavy metal pollutants on the ground of a polluted area at intervals of 2-4cm from top to bottom on the same point at intervals of 3m, wherein the sampling depth is 5-12m, and determining the longitudinal and transverse heavy metal concentration distribution of the polluted soil;
s2, dividing the polluted soil into three layers, namely heavy polluted soil, light polluted soil and non-polluted soil from top to bottom, digging out a restoration pond in a polluted area, paving an impermeable layer in the restoration pond, then putting a chemical restoration device into the restoration pond, and digging out the heavy polluted soil in the original restoration pond and the heavy polluted soil in the polluted area to be intensively put into the restoration pond;
s3, placing a repairing cylinder on one side of the repairing pond, placing repairing liquid in the repairing cylinder, connecting the repairing cylinder and a chemical repairing device through a transmission pipe, arranging a high-pressure pump between the transmission pipe and the repairing cylinder, and pumping the repairing liquid into the chemical repairing device by the high-pressure pump to repair the heavily polluted soil;
s4, mixing the light contaminated soil with the improved beneficial bacteria according to the weight ratio of 500:4-7, and then uniformly filling 2/3 of the mixed soil into the light contaminated soil; uniformly scattering the residual mixed soil on the surface of the light polluted soil;
and S5, planting plants on the polluted area for soil enrichment and purification.
Further, the chemical repair device in step S3 includes a horizontal tube, studs, vertical branch tubes and extension tubes, the horizontal tube, studs and vertical branch tubes are integrally formed, the studs and vertical branch tubes are oppositely disposed on two sides of the horizontal tube, the studs and vertical branch tubes are in one-to-one correspondence, the extension tubes are symmetrically screwed on two sides of the vertical branch tubes, one end of the extension tube is connected with an extension ball, and the extension tube and the extension ball are uniformly provided with spraying holes; and the vertical branch pipe is connected with a soil detector.
Further, the repair liquid comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 35-45% of activated kaolin, 5-10% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 5-10% of quicklime, 4-7% of heavy metal reducing agent, 3-6% of soil improvement bacteria and the balance of water.
Further, the preparation method of the repair liquid comprises the following steps:
(1) activated kaolin: adding kaolin into a ball mill, grinding and crushing, adding water to prepare a 30% kaolin solution, adding a 50% concentrated nitric acid solution while stirring, stopping adding the concentrated nitric acid when the pH value of the kaolin solution is 2.0-3.0, continuing stirring for 10-15min, measuring the pH value of the kaolin solution again to be 2.0-3.0, filtering, leaching to be neutral by using purified water, drying filter residues, putting the filter residues into a muffle furnace, calcining for 5h at the temperature of 600-;
(2) organic compounding of kaolin: adding activated kaolin and a heavy metal reducing agent into a ball mill, grinding for 6-7h at the rotating speed of a cylinder body of 24-30r/min, then adding the kaolin adsorbed with the heavy metal reducing agent into a screw extruder, carrying out melt extrusion at the temperature of 125-132 ℃, and allowing the heavy metal reducing agent to enter the interior of a layer lattice of the kaolin through surface intercalation of the kaolin;
(3) adding the intercalated kaolin and other components of the repair liquid into a stirrer, and stirring and mixing for 1-3h to obtain the repair liquid.
Further, the soil improvement bacteria include anammox bacteria, thiobacillus denitrificans and anaerobic bacillus.
Further, in step S4, the depth of the buried pits is 8-15cm, and the pitch of the buried pits is 0.2-0.3 m.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the layered soil remediation method provided by the invention, the contaminated soil is divided into three layers, a remediation pond is dug out in a contaminated area, an impermeable layer is paved in the remediation pond, the heavily contaminated soil is intensively thrown into the remediation pond, namely, the heavily contaminated soil is isolated from the lightly contaminated soil, comprehensive heavy contamination remediation is changed into local heavy contamination remediation, the engineering cost is greatly reduced, so that the light contaminated soil can reach the soil remediation target in advance, the large-area soil is remedied in advance for use, and the remediation period is shortened;
(2) through the chemical remediation device, the contact surface and the penetration surface of the remediation liquid and the heavily polluted soil are increased due to the arrangement of the extension balls, the heavily polluted soil can be more rapidly and comprehensively remedied, and the partitioned omnibearing remediation treatment of the heavily polluted soil is realized;
(3) the kaolin in the repairing liquid firstly adsorbs the heavily polluted soil, then the heavily polluted soil of the heavy metal reducing agent in the intercalated kaolin reacts, so that the high-toxicity high-valence heavy metal of the heavily polluted soil is reduced to low-toxicity heavy metal, then a part of the low-valence heavy metal is adsorbed and complexed on the kaolin, a part of the low-valence heavy metal and hydroxide radicals in the repairing liquid form precipitates, and the other part of the low-valence heavy metal is subjected to biochemical reduction reaction through soil improvement bacteria, so that the toxic heavy metal in the heavily polluted soil is thoroughly removed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a soil layered structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the soil remediation of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the chemical remediation device;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a chemical remediation device;
the attached drawings are marked as follows:
1-heavily polluted soil, 2-lightly polluted soil, 3-non-polluted soil, 4-restoration pond, 51-horizontal pipe, 52-stud, 53-vertical branch pipe, 54-extension pipe, 55-extension ball, 56-soil detector, 6-restoration cylinder and 7-transmission pipe.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the present invention is a method for layered soil remediation, which specifically includes the following steps:
s1, carrying out geological survey on the polluted soil, vertically sampling and detecting the concentration of heavy metal pollutants at intervals of 3cm from top to bottom on the same point at intervals of 3m on the ground of a polluted area, wherein the sampling depth is 10m, and determining the longitudinal and transverse heavy metal concentration distribution of the polluted soil;
s2, dividing the polluted soil into three layers, namely heavy polluted soil 1, light polluted soil 2 and non-polluted soil 3 from top to bottom, digging out a restoration pond in a polluted area, paving an impermeable layer in the restoration pond, then putting a chemical restoration device into the restoration pond, and planing out the heavy polluted soil in the original restoration pond and the heavy polluted soil in the polluted area to be intensively put into the restoration pond;
s3, placing a remediation tank 6 on one side of the remediation pond, placing remediation liquid in the remediation tank 6, connecting the remediation tank 6 and a chemical remediation device through a transmission pipe 7, arranging a high-pressure pump between the transmission pipe 7 and the remediation tank 6, and pumping the remediation liquid into the chemical remediation device by the high-pressure pump to remediate the heavily polluted soil 1;
s4, mixing the light contaminated soil 2 with the beneficial bacteria according to a weight ratio of 500:5, and then uniformly filling 2/3 of mixed soil into the light contaminated soil 2, wherein the depth of filling pits is 10cm, and the spacing between the filling pits is 0.2 m; uniformly scattering the residual mixed soil on the surface of the light polluted soil 2;
s5, planting plants on the polluted area for soil enrichment and purification;
the chemical remediation device comprises a transverse pipe 51, a stud 52, vertical branch pipes 53 and extension pipes 54, wherein the transverse pipe 51, the stud 52 and the vertical branch pipes 53 are integrally formed, the stud 52 and the vertical branch pipes 53 are oppositely arranged on two sides of the transverse pipe 51, the stud 52 and the vertical branch pipes 53 are in one-to-one correspondence, the extension pipes 54 are symmetrically screwed on two sides of the vertical branch pipes 53, one end of each extension pipe 54 is connected with an extension ball 55, the extension pipes 54 and the extension balls 55 are uniformly provided with spraying holes, the arrangement of the extension balls 55 increases the contact surface and the permeation surface of remediation liquid and the heavily polluted soil 1, and the comprehensive remediation of the heavily polluted soil 1 can be more rapidly facilitated; the vertical branch pipe 53 is connected with a soil detector 56, so that the heavily polluted soil 1 in each direction can be monitored in real time; by adopting the structure, the soil can be treated in a partition way, and when the original soil is treated, the heavily polluted soil, the lightly polluted soil and the pollution-free soil are not separated, so that the waste of the remediation liquid is caused;
the repair liquid comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 40% of activated kaolin, 6% of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 6% of quicklime, 5% of heavy metal reducing agent, 5% of soil improvement bacteria and the balance of water;
the preparation method of the repair liquid comprises the following steps:
(1) activated kaolin: adding kaolin into a ball mill, grinding and crushing, adding water to prepare a 30% kaolin solution, adding a 50% concentrated nitric acid solution while stirring, detecting the pH of the kaolin solution to be 2.4, stopping adding the concentrated nitric acid, continuing stirring for 15min, measuring the pH of the kaolin solution to be 2.5 again, filtering, leaching with purified water to be neutral, drying filter residues, putting into a muffle furnace, calcining at 650 ℃ for 5h, crushing and sieving to obtain activated kaolin;
(2) organic compounding of kaolin: adding activated kaolin and a heavy metal reducing agent into a ball mill, grinding for 6 hours at the rotating speed of a cylinder body of 25r/min, removing impurities in a kaolin structure layer by activating the kaolin, dredging pores of the kaolin, enhancing the adsorption performance of the kaolin, improving the adsorption of the kaolin to the heavy metal reducing agent, then adding the kaolin adsorbed with the heavy metal reducing agent into a screw extruder, carrying out melt extrusion at the temperature of 125-132 ℃, and allowing the heavy metal reducing agent to enter the interior of a layer lattice of the kaolin through surface intercalation of the kaolin, thereby enlarging the specific surface area of the heavy metal reducing agent;
(3) adding the intercalated kaolin and other components of the repair liquid into a stirrer, stirring and mixing for 2 hours to obtain the repair liquid, wherein the kaolin in the repair liquid firstly adsorbs the heavy polluted soil, then the heavy polluted soil of the heavy metal reducing agent in the intercalated kaolin reacts to reduce the high-toxicity high-valence heavy metal in the heavy polluted soil into low-toxicity low-valence heavy metal, then part of the low-valence heavy metal is adsorbed and complexed on the kaolin, and one part of the low-valence heavy metal forms precipitate with hydroxyl in the repair liquid, and the other part of the low-toxicity heavy metal is subjected to biochemical reduction reaction through soil improvement bacteria, so that the toxic heavy metal in the heavy polluted soil is thoroughly removed.
The soil improvement bacteria comprise anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria, thiobacillus denitrificans and anaerobic bacillus.
The foregoing is merely exemplary and illustrative of the principles of the present invention and various modifications, additions and substitutions of the specific embodiments described herein may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention or exceeding the scope of the claims set forth herein.
Claims (1)
1. A soil layered remediation method is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out geological survey on the polluted soil, vertically sampling and detecting the concentration of heavy metal pollutants on the ground of a polluted area at intervals of 2-4cm from top to bottom on the same point at intervals of 3m, wherein the sampling depth is 5-12m, and determining the longitudinal and transverse heavy metal concentration distribution of the polluted soil;
s2, dividing the polluted soil into three layers, namely heavy polluted soil, light polluted soil and non-polluted soil from top to bottom, digging out a restoration pond in a polluted area, paving an impermeable layer in the restoration pond, then putting a chemical restoration device into the restoration pond, and digging out the heavy polluted soil in the original restoration pond and the heavy polluted soil in the polluted area to be intensively put into the restoration pond;
s3, placing a repairing cylinder on one side of the repairing pond, placing repairing liquid in the repairing cylinder, connecting the repairing cylinder and a chemical repairing device through a transmission pipe, arranging a high-pressure pump between the transmission pipe and the repairing cylinder, and pumping the repairing liquid into the chemical repairing device by the high-pressure pump to repair the heavily polluted soil;
s4, mixing the light contaminated soil with the improved beneficial bacteria according to the weight ratio of 500:4-7, and then uniformly filling 2/3 of the mixed soil into the light contaminated soil; uniformly scattering the residual mixed soil on the surface of the light polluted soil;
s5, planting plants on the polluted area for soil enrichment and purification;
the chemical repairing device comprises a transverse pipe (51), a stud (52), a vertical branch pipe (53) and an extension pipe (54), wherein the transverse pipe (51), the stud (52) and the vertical branch pipe (53) are integrally formed, the stud (52) and the vertical branch pipe (53) are oppositely arranged on two sides of the transverse pipe (51), the stud (52) and the vertical branch pipe (53) are in one-to-one correspondence, the extension pipe (54) is symmetrically screwed on two sides of the vertical branch pipe (53), one end of the extension pipe (54) is connected with an extension ball (55), and the extension pipe (54) and the extension ball (55) are uniformly provided with spraying holes; the vertical branch pipe (53) is connected with a soil detector (56);
the repair liquid comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 35-45% of activated kaolin, 5-10% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 5-10% of quicklime, 4-7% of heavy metal reducing agent, 3-6% of soil improvement bacteria and the balance of water;
the preparation method of the repair liquid comprises the following steps:
(1) activated kaolin: adding kaolin into a ball mill, grinding and crushing, adding water to prepare a 30% kaolin solution, adding a 50% concentrated nitric acid solution while stirring, stopping adding the concentrated nitric acid when the pH value of the kaolin solution is 2.0-3.0, continuing stirring for 10-15min, measuring the pH value of the kaolin solution again to be 2.0-3.0, filtering, leaching to be neutral by using purified water, drying filter residues, putting the filter residues into a muffle furnace, calcining for 5h at the temperature of 600-;
(2) organic compounding of kaolin: adding activated kaolin and a heavy metal reducing agent into a ball mill, grinding for 6-7h at the rotating speed of a cylinder body of 24-30r/min, then adding the kaolin adsorbed with the heavy metal reducing agent into a screw extruder, carrying out melt extrusion at the temperature of 125-132 ℃, and allowing the heavy metal reducing agent to enter the interior of a layer lattice of the kaolin through surface intercalation of the kaolin;
(3) adding the intercalated kaolin and other components of the repair liquid into a stirrer, and stirring and mixing for 1-3h to obtain the repair liquid;
the kaolin in the repairing liquid firstly adsorbs the heavily polluted soil, then the heavy metal reducing agent in the intercalated kaolin reacts with the heavily polluted soil, so that the high-toxicity high-valence heavy metal in the heavily polluted soil is reduced to low-toxicity heavy metal, then a part of the low-valence heavy metal is adsorbed and complexed on the kaolin, a part of the low-valence heavy metal and hydroxide radicals in the repairing liquid form precipitates, and the other part of the low-valence heavy metal undergoes biochemical reduction reaction through soil improvement bacteria, so that the toxic heavy metal in the heavily polluted soil is thoroughly removed;
the soil improvement bacteria comprise anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria, thiobacillus denitrificans and anaerobic bacillus;
in step S4, the depth of the buried pits is 8-15cm, and the pitch of the buried pits is 0.2-0.3 m.
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| CN110369481B (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2021-11-09 | 南华大学上虞高等研究院有限公司 | Embedded package for multistage remediation of uranium-contaminated soil and use method thereof |
| CN110340136A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-10-18 | 鸿灌环境技术有限公司 | A kind of layering restorative procedure of heavy-metal contaminated soil |
| CN111360051A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-07-03 | 福建联拓环境治理有限公司 | Remediation method for heavy metal pollution of soil |
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