CN108927182A - A kind of Eu doping Bi4O5I2Compound nanometer photocatalyst and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of Eu doping Bi4O5I2Compound nanometer photocatalyst and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN108927182A
CN108927182A CN201810970760.3A CN201810970760A CN108927182A CN 108927182 A CN108927182 A CN 108927182A CN 201810970760 A CN201810970760 A CN 201810970760A CN 108927182 A CN108927182 A CN 108927182A
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mercury oxide
yellow mercury
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周家斌
胡泽书
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Southwest Petroleum University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of Eu to adulterate Bi4O5I2Compound nanometer photocatalyst is prepared as raw material by hydro-thermal method reaction by bismuth nitrate, sodium iodide, europium nitrate.Bismuth nitrate: S1, being dissolved in aqueous solution of nitric acid by specific preparation method, forms solution A, NaI is dissolved in another aqueous solution of nitric acid, forms solution B；S2, solution B is slowly dropped in solution A, stirs, obtains peony BiOI solution；S3, into BiOI solution, addition lye adjusting pH is 10, obtains white solution；S4, europium nitrate and neopelex are added into white solution, stir to being completely dissolved, obtains mixed solution；S5, mixed solution is transferred in teflon reaction kettle, is warming up to 120-180 DEG C, react 6-24h, generate yellow mercury oxide, it is dry, obtain yellow mercury oxide powder；S6, by yellow mercury oxide powder under vacuum conditions, be warming up to 400 DEG C of calcining 3h, obtain Eu/Bi4O5I2Photochemical catalyst.Catalyst of the invention has high catalytic performance under visible light, being capable of photocatalytic degradation quadracycline.

Description

A kind of Eu doping Bi4O5I2Compound nanometer photocatalyst and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to photocatalysis technology fields, and in particular to a kind of Eu doping with high catalytic capability under visible light Bi4O5I2Compound nanometer photocatalyst and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
In recent years, semiconductor light-catalyst was widely applied in environmental improvement, such as air cleaning, water sterilization, toxic waste Improvement and organic matter degradation.In order to develop each diversity semiconductor light-catalyst with highlight catalytic active, people is studied Member has done a large amount of research in this respect.Result of study shows the form of semiconductor, partial size, and crystal orientation, crystallinity, oxygen lack It falls into, structure type all plays a crucial role in terms of changing light degradation property.In various semiconductor light-catalysts, Bi4O5I2It is one The novel photochemical catalyst that can be widely used in environmental improvement of kind, because it is with narrow forbidden bandwidth, preferable visible light sound Should be able to power, good conductive capability and effective oxygen ionic conductivity, nontoxic easy preparation.However from practical application and business For angle, electron-hole recombination rate that it has some shortcoming and defect for example high.Therefore Bi4O5I2Photocatalytic activity must It must be further enhanced.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is be directed to Bi4O5I2The deficiency of degradation of organic substances under visible light, electron-hole recombination rate Height provides a kind of Eu doping Bi4O5I2Compound nanometer photocatalyst.
It is a further object to provide a kind of Eu to adulterate Bi4O5I2Compound nanometer photocatalyst preparation method.
In order to realize these purposes of the invention, the present invention provides a kind of Eu to adulterate Bi4O5I2Compound nanometer photocatalyst, The catalyst is prepared as raw material by hydro-thermal method reaction by bismuth nitrate, sodium iodide, europium nitrate.Eu element in the catalyst Molar ratio with Bi element is 0.01-0.1.
Preferably, the molar ratio of Eu element and Bi element is 0.05 in the catalyst.
A kind of Eu doping Bi4O5I2The preparation method of compound nanometer photocatalyst, includes the following steps:
S1, bismuth nitrate is dissolved in aqueous solution of nitric acid, forms solution A, NaI is dissolved in another aqueous solution of nitric acid, shape At solution B, wherein aqueous solution of nitric acid is that 1:1 is mixed by volume with water by concentrated nitric acid；
S2, solution B is slowly dropped in solution A, stirs, obtains peony BiOI solution；
S3, into BiOI solution, addition lye adjusting pH is 10, obtains white solution；
S4, europium nitrate and neopelex are added into white solution, stir complete to neopelex Fully dissolved obtains mixed solution；
S5, mixed solution is transferred in teflon reaction kettle, is warming up to 120-180 DEG C, isothermal reaction 6-24h, generated Yellow mercury oxide, dry, isolated yellow mercury oxide powder；
S6, by yellow mercury oxide powder under vacuum conditions, be warming up to 400 DEG C of calcining 3h, heating rate is 10 DEG C/min, is obtained To Eu/Bi4O5I2Photochemical catalyst.
Preferably, bismuth nitrate is Bi (NO3)3·5H2O, europium nitrate are Eu (NO3)3·6H2O。Bi(NO3)3·5H2O、 NaI、Eu(NO3)3·6H2The molar ratio of O is 20:20:1.
Preferably, step S5 specifically: mixed solution is transferred in teflon reaction kettle, is warming up to 120 DEG C of constant temperature 12h is reacted, yellow mercury oxide is generated, by being centrifugated out yellow mercury oxide, is successively washed with distilled water and dehydrated alcohol, then 80 Dry 6h, obtains yellow mercury oxide powder at DEG C.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
In existing Bi4O5I2Doping introduces Eu in photochemical catalyst, and the electromagnetic field that Eu and photochemical catalyst form a part can be with Promote the transfer and separation of photogenerated charge.Eu makes Bi as electronics capturing agent4O5I2The electron rich of conduction band can not be on Eu Bi4O5I2The hole-recombination of valence band, therefore realize Bi4O5I2Electron-hole separation, make preparation Eu/Bi4O5I2It is compound to receive Rice material has high Visible Light Induced Photocatalytic ability.
Detailed description of the invention
The Eu/Bi of Fig. 1, difference Eu additive amount4O5I2Degradation effect of the photochemical catalyst to quadracycline.
Fig. 2, pure Bi4O5I2And Eu/Bi4O5I2The XRD spectra of photocatalyst material.
Fig. 3, pure Bi4O5I2And Eu/Bi4O5I2The SEM and TEM of photocatalyst material are tested.
Fig. 4, Eu/Bi4O5I2The XPS of sample schemes.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that preferred reality described herein Apply example only for the purpose of illustrating and explaining the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
It is a kind of to prepare Eu/Bi4O5I2The method of photochemical catalyst, steps are as follows:
(1) concentrated nitric acid and water are mixed with 50% aqueous solution of nitric acid with the volume ratio of 1:1, measure the nitric acid of two parts of 30ml Aqueous solution, by 2mmol Bi (NO3)3·5H2O, 2mmol NaI is dissolved in respectively in two parts of aqueous solution of nitric acid, respectively obtains solution A and solution B；(2) solution B (NaI solution) is slowly dropped to solution A (Bi (NO under magnetic stirring3)3Solution) in obtain it is deep Red BiOI solution；(3) 10 are adjusted to the pH that NaOH solution adjusts BiOI solution, solution is made to become white solution；(4) to white Eu (the NO of 0.1mmol is added in solution3)3·6H2O and 1g neopelex, and continuously stir until detergent alkylate Sodium sulfonate is completely dissolved, and obtains mixed solution；(5) mixed solution is transferred in 100ml teflon reaction kettle, at 120 DEG C Reaction 12 hours generates yellow mercury oxide；By collecting yellow mercury oxide after centrifuge separation, and washed with distilled water and dehydrated alcohol It is 6 hours dry at 80 DEG C after for several times, obtain yellow mercury oxide powder；(6) yellow mercury oxide powder is placed in muffle furnace, vacuum item Under part, 400 DEG C, calcining at constant temperature 3h are warming up to, heating rate is 10 DEG C/min, obtains Eu/Bi4O5I2Photochemical catalyst.
Embodiment 2
6 parts of five nitric hydrate bismuths of 0.97g and 6 parts of 0.34g KI are respectively implanted in 6 beakers, are added into each beaker 25ml aqueous solution of nitric acid (aqueous solution of nitric acid is that 1:1 is mixed by volume with water by concentrated nitric acid), mixes under magnetic stirring Uniformly, peony BiOI solution is obtained, and is adjusted the pH of BiOI solution to 10 with NaOH；Then 0,0.002mmol is weighed respectively, 0.006mmol, 0.01mmol, 0.014mmol, 0.02mmol Eu (NO3)3·6H2O is sequentially added in above-mentioned 6 parts of solution, mixing Uniformly；Each mixed solution is transferred to respectively in 100ml reaction kettle and is heated to 120 DEG C, and is kept for 12 hours at this temperature；When After reaction kettle is cooled to room temperature, supernatant is discarded, is centrifugated, the yellow mercury oxide of generation ethyl alcohol and distilled water is washed repeatedly It washs, then dries 6h at 80 DEG C in a vacuum drying oven, desciccate is finally ground into fine powder with agate mortar, true Under empty condition, 400 DEG C of calcining 3h are warming up to get Eu/Bi is arrived4O5I2Composite photocatalyst sample.
The Eu/Bi of above method preparation4O5I2The photocatalysis performance of composite photo-catalyst is by photocatalytic degradation hydrochloric acid four Ring element is detected.Experimentation is as follows: Eu/Bi4O5I2The test of the photocatalytic degradation quadracycline of sample is laboratory mould It is carried out under quasi- sunlight, the initial concentration of quadracycline is 40mg/L.The quality of test photochemical catalyst sample is kept every time In 25mg.First dark processing half an hour before experiment.Ultraviolet light photometer (UV-A type, Beijing Normal University are used before simulated solar irradiation irradiates The manufacture of optic electronics factory) measurement solution quadracycline content, then start simulated visible light irradiation, while being stirred with magnetic force Mixing device stirring is that solution is sufficiently mixed with solid sample, every the absorbance of survey in 10 minutes.Eu/Bi4O5I2The photocatalysis of sample Activity can pass through the degradation rate quantitatively characterizing to quadracycline.
Fig. 1 gives the Eu/Bi of different Eu additive amounts4O5I2Degradation effect of the photochemical catalyst to quadracycline.From figure It can be seen that Eu (0.05)/Bi4O5I2Composite photo-catalyst was best to the degradation effect of quadracycline, in 60 minutes degradation rates It can reach 97%, hence it is evident that be higher than pure Bi4O5I2To the degradation rate of quadracycline.These statistics indicate that, Eu (0.05)/Bi4O5I2 Composite photo-catalyst can reduce the compound rate of photo-generate electron-hole, and photocatalytic activity greatly enhances.Eu(0.05)/ Bi4O5I20.05 in chemical formula bracket to represent Eu element and the molar ratio of Bi element be 0.05.In Fig. 1, in other chemical formulas Numerical significance in bracket is equally the molar ratio for representing Eu element and Bi element.
Embodiment 3
In order to examine influence of the reaction time to sample photocatalytic activity, Eu additive amount is fixed on 0.01mmol, except reaction Time is different outer, and other reaction conditions are identical with embodiment 2.The reaction time of 6 parts of reaction solutions be respectively set as 3h, 6h,9h,12h,18h,24h.The results are shown in Table 1, when reacted between be 3h, its photocatalytic activity very it is low only 73.1%, This is because the crystallinity of the sample of 3h preparation is lower, therefore it shows relatively low photocatalytic activity.When with reaction Between increase to 12h, the photocatalytic activity of sample is maximum, this is because there is maximum crystallinity at this time, higher Kong Rong and smaller Crystallite dimension.With further increasing for reaction temperature, photocatalytic activity is reduced, this may be the increase due to crystallite dimension And the reduction of specific surface area and Kong Rong.The Eu/Bi with high-crystallinity can be reasoned out according to result above4O5I2Particle is more Be conducive to light-catalysed application.
Table 1, reaction time are to Eu/Bi4O5I2The influence of the quadracycline degradation rate of sample
Reaction time/h 3 6 9 12 18 24
Degradation rate/% 73.1 79.2 85.6 97.0 88.2 84.5
Embodiment 4
Influence for test reaction temperature to sample photocatalytic activity, in addition to reaction temperature is different, other reactions Condition is as follows: the dosage 0.01mmol of Eu, 12 hours reaction time, reaction temperature be respectively set as 90 DEG C, 120 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 180℃.The results are shown in Table 2, and 120 DEG C of reaction temperature is formed by Eu/Bi4O5I2The photocatalysis of compound photochemical catalyst is living Property it is maximum, this is because 120 DEG C of reaction temperature is formed by the crystallinity highest of compound nanometer photocatalyst.
Table 2, reaction temperature are to Eu/Bi4O5I2The influence of the quadracycline degradation rate of sample
Reaction temperature/DEG C 90 120 150 180
Degradation rate/% 84.1 97.0 85.2 81.6
Performance test:
(1) in order to study pure Bi4O5I2The catalyst Eu/Bi later with doping Eu4O5I2The specific surface area of composite catalyst Situation of change, carried out BET test.Test result is as shown in table 3.The pure of Eu and neopelex is not added Bi4O5I2Specific surface area be 38.1m2/g；Adulterate the Eu/Bi of Eu4O5I2Specific surface area is 72.4m2/ g, it can be seen that Eu/ Bi4O5I2Specific surface area significantly increases, and then is conducive to promote its photocatalysis performance.
Table 3, Bi4O5I2And Eu/Bi4O5I2Specific surface area (SBET), pore volume (VTotal) and aperture (Daverage)
Sample SBET(m2/g) VTotal(cm3/g) Daverage(nm)
Bi4O5I2 38.05 0.196 20.65
Eu(0.05)/Bi4O5I2 72.40 0.576 42.86
(2) Fig. 2 is pure Bi4O5I2And Eu/Bi4O5I2The XRD spectra of photocatalyst material.Pure Bi4O5I2Peak be located at 2 θ= 28.4 °, 31.5 °, 45.1 °, 49.3 ° and 54.4 ° diffraction maximums with (- 4-11), (402), (422), (066) and (811) respectively It corresponds.But due to Eu/Bi4O5I2Eu content is lower in composite material, does not find the characteristic peak of Eu.With Bi4O5I2It compares, In Eu/Bi4O5I2It can be observed that slight shift of some characteristic peaks to larger angle of diffraction in composite material.This is because Eu Presence result in Bi4O5I2The slight change of characteristic peak.With the increase of Eu content, Bi4O5I2Characteristic peak gradually weaken, by This demonstrates Eu/Bi4O5I2The presence of Eu in composite material, and the performance of catalyst is had an impact.
(3) in order to probe into Bi4O5I2The situation of change for adulterating the front and back Eu shape characteristic, to pure Bi4O5I2And Eu/Bi4O5I2Sample Product have carried out SEM and TEM test.Test results are shown in figure 3.Bi is observed that from the SEM image in figure a, b and c4O5I2 Ultrathin nanometer chip architecture.The width of these nanometer sheets is about 158 to 263nm, with a thickness of about 20nm.It can be seen that Eu from figure d (0.05)/Bi4O5I2With lesser nanometer chip architecture, however because size is too small, borrows TEM test and observe its pattern And size.Figure e and figure f is TEM figure, shows Eu (0.05)/Bi in figure4O5I2Width in 25nm to 100nm range, thickness About 7nm.With Bi4O5I2Form compare, the Eu/Bi after adding Eu and neopelex4O5I2Size is thinner smaller, And then specific surface area becomes larger, catalytic performance is more preferable.
(4) Fig. 4 is Eu/Bi4O5I2The XPS of sample schemes, for studying Eu/Bi4O5I2The presence of element and its valence in sample State.All peak positions are all calibrated by the peak C 1s of 284.6eV.It can be seen that Eu/Bi from the map of Fig. 4 (a)4O5I2Sample It is made of Bi, O, I, but without display Eu/Bi4O5I2Eu element.This is because the feature peak-to-peak signal of Eu is too low to out It is existing.Bi 4f is belonging respectively to there are two peak positioned at 157.9 and 163.2eV in Bi 4f high-resolution spectroscopy in Fig. 4 (b)7/2With Bi4f5/2, with Bi3+Characteristic peak it is consistent.I 3d in Fig. 4 (c) in I 3d high-resolution spectroscopy5/2With I 3d3/2The combination energy at peak Respectively 618.1eV and 629.6eV, as a result demonstrates I-Existence.As shown in Fig. 4 (d), O1s has in the position of 528.7eV There is unique characteristic peak, this illustrates Bi4O5I2In oxygen element come from Lattice Oxygen.From Fig. 4 (e) as can be seen that in Eu/ Bi4O5I2On sample, the peak value of Eu 3p is 1135eV, is illustrated in Bi4O5I2In be successfully introduced into Eu.
In conclusion the present invention is in existing Bi4O5I2Doping introduces Eu in photochemical catalyst, prepares Eu/ using hydro-thermal method Bi4O5I2Compound nanometer photocatalyst.The electromagnetic field that Eu and photochemical catalyst form a part can promote the transfer of photogenerated charge And separation.Eu makes Bi as electronics capturing agent4O5I2The electron rich of conduction band can not be with Bi on Eu4O5I2The hole of valence band is multiple It closes, therefore realizes Bi4O5I2Electron-hole separation, make prepared Eu/Bi4O5I2Composite nano materials can with high Light-exposed degradation capability.Hydro-thermal method is easy to operate, low temperature, nontoxic, environmental-friendly.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention in any form, though So the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment, and however, it is not intended to limit the invention, any technology people for being familiar with this profession Member, without departing from the scope of the present invention, when the technology contents using the disclosure above make a little change or modification For the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations, but anything that does not depart from the technical scheme of the invention content, according to the technical essence of the invention Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification to the above embodiments, all of which are still within the scope of the technical scheme of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of Eu adulterates Bi4O5I2Compound nanometer photocatalyst, which is characterized in that the catalyst is by bismuth nitrate, sodium iodide, nitre Sour europium is prepared as raw material by hydro-thermal method reaction.
2. Eu as described in claim 1 adulterates Bi4O5I2Compound nanometer photocatalyst, which is characterized in that Eu member in the catalyst The molar ratio of element and Bi element is 0.01-0.1.
3. Eu as claimed in claim 2 adulterates Bi4O5I2Compound nanometer photocatalyst, which is characterized in that Eu member in the catalyst The molar ratio of element and Bi element is 0.05.
4. a kind of Eu as claimed in any one of claims 1-3 adulterates Bi4O5I2The preparation method of compound nanometer photocatalyst, It is characterized by comprising the following steps:
S1, bismuth nitrate is dissolved in aqueous solution of nitric acid, forms solution A, NaI is dissolved in another aqueous solution of nitric acid, formed molten Liquid B；
S2, solution B is slowly dropped in solution A, stirs, obtains peony BiOI solution；
S3, into BiOI solution, addition lye adjusting pH is 10, obtains white solution；
S4, europium nitrate and neopelex are added into white solution, stir completely molten to neopelex Solution, obtains mixed solution；
S5, mixed solution is transferred in teflon reaction kettle, is warming up to 120-180 DEG C, isothermal reaction 6-24h, generate yellow Precipitating, dry, isolated yellow mercury oxide powder；
S6, by yellow mercury oxide powder under vacuum conditions, be warming up to 400 DEG C of calcining 3h, obtain Eu/Bi4O5I2Photochemical catalyst.
5. Eu as claimed in claim 4 adulterates Bi4O5I2The preparation method of compound nanometer photocatalyst, which is characterized in that described In step S1, aqueous solution of nitric acid is that 1:1 is mixed by volume with water by concentrated nitric acid.
6. Eu as claimed in claim 5 adulterates Bi4O5I2The preparation method of compound nanometer photocatalyst, which is characterized in that nitric acid Bismuth is Bi (NO3)3·5H2O, europium nitrate are Eu (NO3)3·6H2O, Bi (NO3)3·5H2O、NaI、Eu(NO3)3·6H2Mole of O Than for 20:20:1.
7. Eu as claimed in claim 4 adulterates Bi4O5I2The preparation method of compound nanometer photocatalyst, which is characterized in that step S5 specifically: mixed solution is transferred in teflon reaction kettle, 120 DEG C of isothermal reaction 12h are warming up to, generates yellow mercury oxide, It is dry, isolated yellow mercury oxide powder.
8. Eu as claimed in claim 7 adulterates Bi4O5I2The preparation method of compound nanometer photocatalyst, which is characterized in that step It in S5, by being centrifugated out yellow mercury oxide, is successively washed with distilled water and dehydrated alcohol, then dry 6h at 80 DEG C, obtains Yellow mercury oxide powder.
9. Eu as claimed in claim 4 adulterates Bi4O5I2The preparation method of compound nanometer photocatalyst, which is characterized in that step In S6, heating rate is 10 DEG C/min.
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