CN108923887A - Soft decision decoder structure of multi-system partial response CPM signal - Google Patents

Soft decision decoder structure of multi-system partial response CPM signal Download PDF

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CN108923887A
CN108923887A CN201810671401.8A CN201810671401A CN108923887A CN 108923887 A CN108923887 A CN 108923887A CN 201810671401 A CN201810671401 A CN 201810671401A CN 108923887 A CN108923887 A CN 108923887A
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state
module
path
reliability matrix
reliability
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CN108923887B (en
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王世练
赖鹏辉
彭聪
王昊
张炜
马艳敏
夏国江
张金荣
谢顺钦
周锞
谢滔
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National University of Defense Technology
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0045Arrangements at the receiver end
    • H04L1/0054Maximum-likelihood or sequential decoding, e.g. Viterbi, Fano, ZJ algorithms
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0045Arrangements at the receiver end
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0061Error detection codes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0064Concatenated codes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/18Phase-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using phase-shift keying
    • H04L27/22Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention provides a soft-decision decoder for a multi-system partial response CPM signal. The method comprises the following steps: the device comprises an adding and comparing module, a reliability matrix updating unit, a state selecting module, a first delay module, a second delay module and a soft decision output module. The branch measurement and modulation index synchronous signals of all paths are input into an addition and comparison module, the addition and comparison module calculates the survivor path serial number and the competition path serial number of each state and the measurement difference (path measurement difference for short) of the survivor path and the competition path and outputs the measurement difference to a reliability matrix updating unit, and the accumulated measurement of each state is calculated and output to a state selection module. The state picking module finds the state with the largest cumulative metric among all the states. The soft decision output module calculates the likelihood ratio (multi-system likelihood information) of all the symbols and outputs the likelihood ratio. The decoder can be suitable for soft decision decoding of a multilevel CPM signal; is suitable for high-speed decoding.

Description

A kind of soft decision decoder structure of multi-system part response CPM signal
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication and telemetry remote control technology fields, provide a kind of for multi-system part response CPM The soft decision decoder structure of (Continuous Phase Modulation, Continuous Phase Modulation) signal.
Background technique
CPM signal has the characteristics that Phase Continuation, other opposite modulation systems all have on power efficiency, bandwidth efficiency Very big advantage is with a wide range of applications in satellite communication, remote measuring and controlling field.According to the part response length of CPM signal Whether L, which is greater than 1, can be divided into CPM signal total regression CPM signal and part response CPM signal, and part, which responds CPM signal, to be had Memorability, waveform is not only related with the symbol in current symbol period in current symbol period, also and preceding several code-element periods Symbol is related.Part response CPM can obtain better bandwidth availability ratio.CPM signal is processed into during general demodulation For hard-decision values (i.e. 0 or 1), a large amount of average informations are during which had lost.If each decision value generated in demodulating process is seemingly Right information carrys out auxiliary channel decoding, then can obtain better error-resilient performance.SOVA (Soft-output Viterbi, it is soft Output Viterbi) it is a kind of soft-decision algorithm that likelihood information is exported on the basis of exporting Viterbi hard-decision values (Hagenauer J,Hoeher P.A Viterbi Algorithm with Soft-Decision Outputs and its Applications[C]//Global Telecommunications Conference,1989,and Exhibition.Communications Technology for the 1990s and Beyond.GLOBECOM' 89.IEEE.IEEE Xplore,1989:1680-1686 vol.3.).Soft decision decoder currently based on SOVA algorithm is big It is mostly Two-Step SOVA structure (Joeressen O J, Meyr H.A 40Mbit/s soft-output Viterbi decoder[J].IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits,1995,30(7):812-818.) succession and Development.As shown in Figure 1, this structure, by Gabi selection module, survivor path memory module measures quantizing, normalization, delay mould Block, path comparison module, likelihood value update module, time delay module and selecting module composition.The branch metric in all paths inputs The metric of the path candidate of each state relatively and is selected the survivor path, competing of each state by Gabi selection module, Gabi selection module Path is striven, the cumulative metric of each state is updated, gives the serial number of the survivor path of each state, contended path to survivor path Memory module gives the survivor path of each state after delay, the serial number of contended path to path comparison module, will The survivor path of each state, the metric difference of contended path, which are given, measures quantizing, normalization, time delay module;Survivor path is deposited Storage module is recalled according to the state transfer indicating vector sent, survivor path that backtracking is obtained, correspondence in contended path Symbol give path comparison module, the serial number for the state view that survivor path passes through gives that quantizing measurement, normalization, be delayed mould Block.Measure quantizing, normalization, time delay module is passed through by the survivor path that the number of state indexes that survivor path passes through selects The corresponding metric difference of state, and given likelihood value update module;Path comparison module one side output hard-decision values, one Aspect finds out survivor path, corresponds to the unequal position of symbol in contended path, gives likelihood value update module;Likelihood value updates Module is according to the corresponding measurement of state for corresponding to the unequal position of symbol and survivor path process in survivor path, contended path Difference, the metric difference picked out survivor path, correspond to the unequal position of symbol in contended path, is minimized as likelihood information Output.It is exactly soft-decision that hard decision and likelihood information, which combine,.The algorithm itself that this structure is based on not is optimal SOVA algorithm, performance can not (maximal posterior probability algorithm be in log-domain with close Max-Log-MAP algorithm ideally Approximate algorithm), and improved and performance can be worse under the application scenarios of multi-system.The present invention provide it is a kind of mostly into System part responds the soft decision decoder structure of CPM signal, and this structure is based on a kind of multi-system part and responds Multi-h CPM Soft output Viterbi algorithm (Lai Penghui, Ma Yanmin, Wang Shilian, Xie Shunqin, high triumphant multi-system part respond Multi-h Soft output Viterbi algorithm [J] the Terahertz science and electronic information journal .20148.16 (2) of CPM:277-292), performance It is greatly enhanced.
Summary of the invention
It is this to translate the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of soft decision decoder structure of multi-system part response CPM signal Code device structure can be suitable for the Soft decision decoding of multi-system CPM signal;The performance of the algorithm of realization and ideally Max-Log-MAP algorithm is close;The processing clock that each symbol needs is few, is suitble to high-speed coding.
As shown in Fig. 2, a kind of soft decision decoder of multi-system part response CPM signal, is typically characterized by, including: Gabi selection module, reliability matrix updating unit, state Choosing module, the first time delay module, the second time delay module, soft-decision are defeated Module out.The branch metric in all paths, modulation index synchronization signal (not needed when for single index CPM application scenarios) input Gabi selection module, Gabi selection module execute the Gabi selection operation of existing SOVA decoder, calculate the survivor path of each state The metric difference (abbreviation path metric difference) of serial number and contended path serial number and survivor path and contended path is simultaneously exported to reliable Property matrix update unit, calculate the cumulative metric of each state and export to state Choosing module.Modulation index synchronization signal is same When be input to the first time delay module, the first time delay module will be exported by the modulation index synchronization signal of delay to reliability matrix Updating unit.Reliability matrix updating unit is used to update the reliability matrix of each state, and by the reliability of each state The first row of matrix is exported to soft-decision output module.State Choosing module finds out the stateful middle maximum shape of cumulative metric of institute State, and the serial number of the state is exported to the second time delay module.Second time delay module is by the serial number of the maximum state of cumulative metric It is delayed, the serial number of the maximum state of cumulative metric by delay is exported to soft-decision output module.Soft-decision output Module calculates the likelihood ratio (likelihood information of multi-system) of all symbols and exports.
Further, the reliability matrix updating unit, including:One reliability matrix mapping block, several are reliable Property matrix update module, the number of reliability matrix update module corresponds to the state number of CPM signal.At current time, The input of reliability matrix mapping block is the survivor path serial number and contended path serial number of current time each state;Reliability Matrix mapping block is according to the survivor path serial number and contended path serial number of each state, survivor path to each state and competing It strives path to be recalled, finds state and contended path previous moment process that the survivor path previous moment of each state is passed through State, then the reliability matrix of the corresponding previous moment of state that the survivor path previous moment of each state is passed through exports To the corresponding reliability matrix update module of the state, corresponding previous moment in the state that contended path previous moment is passed through Reliability matrix export reliability matrix update module corresponding to the state.Meanwhile each reliability matrix update module Input the path metric difference of the module corresponding states obtained in Gabi selection module.The corresponding reliability matrix of each state updates Module calculates the corresponding reliability matrix of the state for updating current time, and reliability matrix first row is exported to soft-decision Output module.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:A kind of completely new SOVA decoder architecture is proposed, is constantly updated under this structure The reliability matrix for indicating multi-system reliability, can export the likelihood information of multi-system;The algorithm performance of realization can approach Max-Log-MAP algorithm ideally;The reliability matrix update that reliability matrix updating unit is realized can be in 1 clock Interior completion is suitble to realization of High Speed.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of SOVA decoder in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the soft decision decoder structural schematic diagram of response CPM signal in multi-system part of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the state transition network lattice of multi-system part response CPM signal;
Fig. 4 is that reliability matrix updates list in the soft decision decoder of response CPM signal in multi-system part of the present invention Meta structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is using the more modulation index CPM system structure charts of cascade LDPC of the invention;
Fig. 6 is using the more modulation index CPM system error performance figures of cascade LDPC of the invention;
Table 1 is the occupation condition that the present invention realizes on FPGA;
Specific embodiment
To be more easily understood the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawing, with status number for 8, the part of system number M=4 is responded The soft decision decoder of CPM is realized on FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array, field programmable gate array) For, the present invention is described in further detail.
Status number is 8, and the state transition network lattice of the part response CPM of system number M=4 are as shown in Figure 3.Wherein S0~S7For Corresponding 8 states of CPM signal.Lines indicate state transition path, and wherein solid line indicates that symbol is 0 transfer path, closeer The dashed bars of collection indicate that symbol is 1 transfer path, and sparse dashed bars line indicates that symbol is 2 transfer path, dotted line table Show that symbol is 3 transfer path.(CPM state transition network lattice are to see document Anderson J B, Aulin T known in the field CPM, Sundberg C E.Digital Phase Modulation[J].Applications of Communications Theory,1986:412-412.)
Gabi selection module of the invention and the Gabi selection modular structure of existing SOVA decoder are similar with function.Difference It is, each state of 4 ary CPM signals has 4 path candidates (with reference to Fig. 3), and each state of binary system CPM signal is only Want two path candidates.Therefore the present invention and the difference of existing SOVA decoder are that existing SOVA decoder only need to be from two The biggish path of cumulative metric is selected in path candidate and is considered as survivor path, and another is contended path, and the present invention need to be from M item The maximum path of cumulative metric is selected in path candidate, is regarded as survivor path, it is second largest to select cumulative metric, depending on For contended path.
Modulation index synchronization signal inputs the first time delay module simultaneously.First time delay module to modulation Exponential Synchronization signal into Line delay is aligned the modulation index synchronization signal by delay of output in time with the output of Gabi selection module, and will It is exported to reliability matrix update module.The processing time of usual Gabi selection module is 3 or 4 clocks, therefore first prolongs When module delay time be 3 or 4 clocks.
As shown in figure 4, reliability matrix updating unit includes:One reliability matrix mapping block, several reliabilities Matrix update module.At current time, the input of reliability matrix mapping block is the survival road of current time each state Diameter serial number and contended path serial number;Reliability matrix mapping block is according to the survivor path serial number and contended path sequence of each state Number, the survivor path and contended path of each state are recalled, the survivor path previous moment for finding each state is passed through State and contended path previous moment pass through state;The state pair that the survivor path previous moment of each state is passed through again The reliability matrix for the previous moment answered exports reliability matrix update module corresponding to the state, when contended path is previous The reliability matrix for carving corresponding previous moment in the state passed through exports reliability matrix update module corresponding to the state. Meanwhile the path metric difference of the module corresponding states obtained in each reliability matrix update module input Gabi selection module. The corresponding reliability matrix update module of each state calculates the corresponding reliability matrix of the state for updating current time, and will Reliability matrix first row is exported to soft-decision output module.
Corresponding reliability matrix is the matrix of 4 row δ column in each state.Wherein δ is positive integer, and size is according to reality Border situation determines that the precision of the bigger reliability matrix of the value of δ is higher, and the value of general δ is less than 30.For ease of illustration of reliability square The renewal process of element in battle array, by k moment state SiCorresponding reliability matrix is expressed as in (0≤i≤7, i are integer)By k+1 moment state SiSurvivor path in the state that the k moment passes through the corresponding k moment can It is expressed as by property matrixBy k+1 moment state SiContended path pass through at the k moment The reliability matrix at corresponding k moment is expressed as in stateWherein j, μ are whole Number, and 0≤j≤δ -1,0≤μ≤3.
Element in reliability matrix initializes rule:
When 0 moment, state SiIn corresponding reliability matrix last columnMiddle element assignment as the following formula:
Wherein v is into state SiThe corresponding symbol of path candidate.
State SiIn other elements (i.e. except the other elements in last column element external reliability matrix) be initialized as+ ∞ (just infinite), in practice twice of available path metric difference maximum value substitute+∞, such as when path metric difference is 5 quantizations When, path metric difference maximum value is 31, with 63 substitution+∞.
It is to the rule of reliability matrix update in reliability matrix update module:
When the k+1 moment, last column in reliability matrix still press the regular value of initialization, and other elements update rule Then it is:
Wherein 0≤l≤δ -2, min indicate minimizing operation, diffk+1(Si) indicate k+1 moment state SiPath metric difference.
When the k moment, after the completion of reliability matrix updates, state SiCorresponding reliability matrix update module is by the state pair First column element of the reliability matrix answered, i.e.,It exports to soft-decision output module.
State Choosing module stateful middle maximum state of cumulative metric for finding out, and the serial number of the state is exported To the second time delay module.
The serial number of the maximum state of cumulative metric is delayed by the second time delay module, itself and reliability matrix is made to update mould The first row of corresponding reliability matrix is aligned in time in each state of block output, and outputs this to soft-decision output Module.
If inputting the serial number c of the maximum state of cumulative metric of soft-decision output module.Soft-decision output module is selected Do well ScThe first row of corresponding reliability matrix (indicates a possibility that+1 moment of k- δ each symbol occurs size, is worth smaller A possibility that appearance, is bigger), calculate the likelihood ratio of all symbols and output.The likelihood ratio of k- δ+1 moment symbol μMeter Calculation method is:
Wherein μ=0,1,2,3.
The subsequent likelihood ratio that can whether convert the likelihood ratio of symbol to bit according to actual needs.
Apply the invention to cascade LDPC (Low Density Parity Check Codes, low-density checksum Code) more modulation index CPM systems in, system structure as shown in figure 5, transmitting terminal by the information sequence that need to be sent by LDPC volume Code, then CPM modulation is carried out, finally obtained intermediate frequency CPM signal is sent by channel.Digital Down Convert is passed through in receiving end It after synchronous, input decoder provided by the invention and carries out Soft decision decoding, convert bit log likelihood ratio for decoder output LDPC decoding, the information sequence that can be sent are carried out afterwards.The modulation index h=[5,6]/16 of CPM, system number M=4, portion Dividing response length L=3, LDPC is CCSDS (Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems, sky Between data Advisory Board) standard recommendation code word, code length 8176, code rate 7/8, δ=20.Error performance is as shown in fig. 6, figure In the curve with five-pointed star indicate decoder (FPGA realizations) performance provided by the invention, the curve expression Max- with diamond shape Log-MAP algorithm (MTLAB emulation) performance, they are 10 in the bit error rate as seen from the figure-5In the case of, Eb/No (energy per bit with The ratio between noise power spectral density) differ only by 0.2dB.It is realized on XC7VX690T (FPGA development board), transmitted bit rate is 60M bit/s, processing clock are 120MHz, and maximum clock 120MHz, main resource occupancy situation is as shown in table 1, from table As can be seen that soft decision decoder occupancy resource proposed by the present invention is less, it is suitble to high-speed transfer.
Table 1

Claims (2)

1. a kind of soft decision decoder of multi-system part response CPM signal, CPM refer to Continuous Phase Modulation, which is characterized in that Including:Gabi selection module, reliability matrix updating unit, state Choosing module, the first time delay module, the second time delay module are soft Adjudicate output module;The branch metric in all paths, modulation index synchronization signal input Gabi selection module, and Gabi selection module calculates Out the metric difference of the survivor path serial number of each state and contended path serial number and survivor path and contended path and export extremely Reliability matrix updating unit;Gabi selection module calculates the cumulative metric of each state and exports to state Choosing module;Modulation Exponential Synchronization signal is input to the first time delay module simultaneously, and the first time delay module is defeated by the modulation index synchronization signal by delay Out to reliability matrix updating unit;Reliability matrix updating unit is used to update the reliability matrix of each state, and will be every The first row of the reliability matrix of a state is exported to soft-decision output module;State Choosing module finds out the stateful middle accumulation of institute Maximum state is measured, and the serial number of the state is exported to the second time delay module;Second time delay module is maximum by cumulative metric The serial number of state be delayed, the serial number of the maximum state of cumulative metric by delay is exported to soft-decision and exports mould Block;Soft-decision output module calculates the likelihood ratio of all symbols and output.
2. the soft decision decoder of response CPM signal in multi-system part according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described Reliability matrix updating unit includes:One reliability matrix mapping block, several reliability matrix update modules, reliability The number of matrix update module corresponds to the state number of CPM signal;At current time, reliability matrix mapping block it is defeated Enter be current time each state survivor path serial number and contended path serial number;Reliability matrix mapping block is according to each shape The survivor path serial number and contended path serial number of state, recall the survivor path and contended path of each state, find every The state that the state and contended path previous moment that the survivor path previous moment of a state is passed through are passed through, then by each state The reliability matrix for the corresponding previous moment of state that survivor path previous moment is passed through exports reliability corresponding to the state Matrix update module exports the reliability matrix of corresponding previous moment in state that contended path previous moment is passed through to this The corresponding reliability matrix update module of state;Meanwhile it being obtained in each reliability matrix update module input Gabi selection module The module corresponding states path metric difference;The corresponding reliability matrix update module of each state, which calculates, updates current time The corresponding reliability matrix of the state, and reliability matrix first row is exported to soft-decision output module.
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