CN108921797B - Method for calibrating distorted image - Google Patents
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- G06T2207/30108—Industrial image inspection
- G06T2207/30121—CRT, LCD or plasma display
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for calibrating a distorted image, which comprises the steps of lighting a central pixel A at the central position of a display panel to be detected, shooting an image displayed by the display panel to be detected by a camera lens, and shooting the image of the display panel to be detected by the camera lens once when the display panel to be detected is pushed for 1mm along a Y axis until the physical position of the central pixel A exceeds the edge range of the initial position of the camera lens. Recording the brightness value and the position value of the central pixel A shot each time, respectively fitting the brightness distortion coefficient of the central pixel A and the position distortion coefficient of the central pixel A by adopting a polynomial, constructing a brightness distortion correction formula and a position distortion correction formula, and calibrating the image according to the brightness distortion correction formula and the position distortion correction formula. The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the image shot by the camera lens can be calibrated with high precision, thereby meeting the requirement of high-precision display panel detection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-precision display panel detection, in particular to a method for calibrating a distorted image.
Background
A lens is used in a general photographic apparatus, the lens is composed of a plurality of lenses, and the image of a target object is made to fall on a photoelectric sensor (CCD) in a proper proportion by refraction of the lenses to light, so that the quality of the image can be directly influenced by the quality of the design of the lens or the mirror of the camera.
Besides chromatic aberration (caused by different refractive indexes of light rays with different wavelengths), another problem after imaging is distortion of the image (caused by different refractive optical paths of the optical center and the edge of a lens group consisting of a plurality of lenses).
The most typical types of distortion are two, one is cylindrical distortion, and four sides of the imaged image protrude outward than four corners; one is a pillow-like deformation, the four sides of the imaged image are recessed more outward than the four corners. These distortions can cause two straight lines with originally the same pitch, but the pitch of the imaged image changes with the imaging through different positions of the lens. Basically, the image distortion will be symmetrical with the center as the base point.
In the process of detecting the display panel, a camera lens is required to shoot a display image of the display panel, and if the obtained image is distorted and the display panel is calibrated by taking the distorted image as a standard, a final calibration result is deviated certainly, and the requirement of high-precision detection cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for calibrating a distorted image, aiming at solving the problem that the image acquired by a camera lens is distorted in the process of detecting a display panel and cannot meet the requirement of high-precision detection.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for calibrating a distorted image, comprising the steps of:
s100, placing the display panel to be detected on the rack, and fixing the camera lens right above the display panel to be detected, so that the central axis of the camera lens is perpendicular to the display panel to be detected and is superposed with the central position of the display panel to be detected.
S200, lighting a central pixel A at the central position of the display panel to be detected, and shooting an image displayed by the display panel to be detected by the camera lens.
S300, recording an initial brightness value and an initial position value of a central pixel A in the image, wherein the initial brightness value is recorded as m0The initial position value is recorded as h0。
S400, keeping the brightness of the central pixel A of the display panel to be detected unchanged, and shooting an image of the display panel to be detected once through the camera lens when the display panel to be detected is pushed for 1mm along the Y axis of the display panel to be detected until the physical position of the central pixel A of the display panel to be detected exceeds the edge range of the initial position of the camera lens. Wherein, the brightness value of the central pixel A in each shot image is recorded as m1，m2，……，mnThe position value of the central pixel A in each shot image is recorded as h1，h2，……，hn。
S500, respectively fitting a brightness distortion coefficient of the central pixel A and a position distortion coefficient of the central pixel A in a polynomial fitting mode according to the recorded brightness value and the position value of the central pixel A, and constructing a brightness distortion correction formula and a position distortion correction formula; and reversely deducing and restoring the corrected brightness value of the central pixel A after pushing 1mm along the Y axis each time and correcting the position value according to the brightness distortion correction formula and the position distortion correction formula, thereby calibrating the brightness value and the position value of each point of the image.
Preferably, in step S400, the stage is driven to move along the Y-axis of the display panel by a stepping motor.
Further, in step S500, the calculation procedure of the correction brightness value of the central pixel a at each position is as follows:
s510, calculating a relative brightness multiple P of the brightness value of the central pixel A of the display panel recorded each time relative to the initial brightness value of the central position of the display panelu＝mu/m0(0. ltoreq. u. ltoreq. n), wherein,muthe luminance value of the central pixel a in the image taken for the u-th time.
S520, adopting a k-th polynomial least square method to measure the relative brightness multiple PuPerforming polynomial fitting to obtain a correction formula of the brightness distortion coefficient of the central pixel A and the axial line distance of the camera lens: m (x) ═ a1xk+b1xk 1+…+c1x+d1. Where M (x) is a luminance distortion coefficient, k is a power of a polynomial, a1、b1、…、c1、d1For the fitted coefficient, x is the distance between the central pixel a and the central axis of the camera lens after the u-th movement.
S530, calculating a corrected luminance value of the center pixel a at each point: b isu＝mu/M (x), wherein BuIs the corrected luminance value of the central pixel a after the u-th shift.
Further, in step S500, the calculation procedure of the corrected position value of the central pixel a at each position is as follows:
s510', calculating the position value D of the central pixel A of the display panel relative to the central axis of the camera lens recorded after the display panel is pushed each timeu＝hu-h0(u is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to n). Wherein h isuThe position value of the central pixel a in the image taken for the u-th time.
S520', calculating the recorded position value D of the central pixel A of the display panel relative to the central axis of the camera lensuMultiple U of relative position of central pixel A to the real position value of central axis of camera lensu＝Du/(u*1mm)。
S530' adopts a polynomial least square method of degree I to process relative position multiple UuPerforming polynomial fitting to obtain a correction formula of the position distortion coefficient of the central pixel A and the axial line distance in the camera lens: n (x) ═ a2xl+b2xl-1+…+c2x+d2. Where N (x) is a luminance distortion coefficient, l is a power of a polynomial, a2、b2、…、c2、d2For the fitted coefficients, x is the central pixel A anddistance of the central axis of the camera lens.
S540', calculating a corrected position value of the center pixel a at each point: zu＝Du/N (x), wherein ZuIs the corrected position value of the central pixel a after the u-th shift.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the image shot by the camera lens can be calibrated with high precision, thereby meeting the requirement of high-precision display panel detection.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a method for calibrating a distorted image according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of calculating the corrected luminance value of the center pixel A at each position;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of calculating a corrected position value of the center pixel A at each position;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a camera lens capturing a center pixel A;
the objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1-3, fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of a method for calibrating a distorted image, fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a calculation of a correction brightness value of a central pixel a at each position, fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a calculation of a correction position value of a central pixel a at each position, and fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a camera lens capturing a central pixel a.
As shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, the method for calibrating the distorted image includes the following steps:
s100, placing the display panel to be detected on the stand, and fixing the camera lens 100 right above the display panel to be detected, so that the central axis of the camera lens 100 is perpendicular to the display panel to be detected and is superposed with the central position of the display panel to be detected.
S200, lighting a central pixel A at the central position of the display panel to be detected, and shooting an image displayed by the display panel to be detected by the camera lens 100.
S300, recording an initial brightness value and an initial position value of a central pixel A in the image, wherein the initial brightness value is recorded as m0The initial position value is recorded as h0。
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the luminance value and the position value of the center pixel a are stored in the information storage portion.
S400, keeping the brightness of the central pixel A of the display panel to be detected unchanged, and shooting an image of the display panel to be detected once through the camera lens 100 when the display panel to be detected is pushed for 1mm along the Y axis of the display panel to be detected until the physical position of the central pixel A of the display panel to be detected exceeds the edge range of the initial position of the camera lens 100. Wherein, the brightness value of the central pixel A in each shot image is recorded as m1，m2，……，mnThe position value of the central pixel A in each shot image is recorded as h1，h2，……，hn。
It should be noted that the distance that the display panel to be inspected is pushed along the Y-axis of the display panel to be inspected each time may be other fixed value distances.
S500, according to the recorded brightness value and the position value of the central pixel A, respectively fitting a brightness distortion coefficient of the central pixel A and a position distortion coefficient of the central pixel A in a polynomial fitting mode, constructing a brightness distortion correction formula and a position distortion correction formula, and reversely deducing and restoring a corrected brightness value and a corrected position value of the central pixel A after being pushed by 1mm along the Y axis each time according to the brightness distortion correction formula and the position distortion correction formula, so that the brightness value and the position value of each point of the image are corrected.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, step S500 is completed in the processor.
Specifically, in step S400 of the present embodiment, the stage is driven to move along the Y-axis of the display panel by the stepping motor.
Further, in step S500 of the present embodiment, the calculation process of the correction brightness value of the central pixel a at each position is as follows:
s510, calculating a relative brightness multiple P of the brightness value of the central pixel A of the display panel recorded each time relative to the initial brightness value of the central position of the display panelu＝mu/m0(0. ltoreq. u.ltoreq.n), wherein muThe luminance value of the central pixel a in the image taken for the u-th time.
S520, adopting a quadratic polynomial least square method to measure the relative brightness multiple PuPerforming polynomial fitting to obtain a correction formula of the brightness distortion coefficient of the central pixel a and the axial distance in the camera lens 100: m (x) ═ a1x2+b1x+c1. Wherein M (x) is a luminance distortion coefficient, a1、b1And c1And x is the distance between the central pixel a and the central axis of the camera lens 100 after the u-th movement, and is a coefficient fitted by a quadratic polynomial least square method.
It should be noted that, in step S520, other k-degree polynomial least squares method can also be adopted to determine the relative brightness multiple PuAnd performing polynomial fitting, and specifically selecting according to the actual situation.
S530, constructing a brightness distortion correction formula: b isu＝mu/M (x), wherein BuIs the corrected luminance value of the central pixel a after the u-th shift. And calculating the correction brightness value of the central pixel A at each point according to the brightness distortion correction formula.
Similarly, in step S500 of the present embodiment, the calculation process of the corrected position value of the central pixel a at each position is as follows:
s510', calculating the central pixel of the display panel recorded after pushing the display panel each timeA position value D with respect to the central axis of the camera lens 100u＝hu-h0(u is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to n). Wherein h isuThe position value of the central pixel a in the image taken for the u-th time.
S520', calculating a recorded position value D of the central pixel a of the display panel with respect to the central axis of the camera lens 100uRelative position multiple U of the central pixel a with respect to the true position value of the central axis of the camera lens 100u＝Du/(u*1mm)。
S530', a quadratic polynomial least square method is adopted to determine the relative position multiple UuPerforming polynomial fitting to obtain a correction formula of the position distortion coefficient of the central pixel a and the axial distance in the camera lens 100: n (x) ═ a2x2+b2x+c2. Wherein N (x) is a positional distortion coefficient, a2、b2And c2And x is the distance between the central pixel a and the central axis of the camera lens 100 after the u-th movement, which is a coefficient fitted by a quadratic polynomial.
It should be noted that, in step S530', other degree-l polynomial least squares method can also be adopted to determine the relative position multiple UuAnd performing polynomial fitting, and specifically selecting according to the actual situation.
S540', constructing a position distortion correction formula: zu＝Du/N (x), wherein ZuIs the corrected position value of the central pixel a after the u-th shift. The correction position value of the central pixel A at each point can be calculated according to the position distortion correction formula.
The formula B for correcting pixel points shot by the camera lens 100 in the subsequent detection process according to the brightness distortionu＝mu(x) and the positional distortion correction formula Zu＝Duand/N (x) can correct the brightness value and the position value of each pixel point in the detected image, so as to acquire a real image.
The principle of the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: firstly, the central axis of the camera lens 100 is perpendicular to the display panel to be detected and is superposed with the central position of the display panel to be detected; secondly, lightening the display panel to be detectedA central pixel a coinciding with a central axis of the camera lens 100, the camera lens 100 taking an image of the central pixel a and recording a brightness value and a position value of the central pixel a at the time; then, the display panel to be detected is pushed for 1mm along the Y axis of the display panel to be detected each time, and the brightness value and the position value of the central pixel A shot by the camera lens 100 are recorded in sequence; finally, the brightness value and the position value of the central pixel A which are recorded in sequence are calculated, a brightness distortion coefficient M (x) and a position distortion coefficient N (x) are fitted, and a brightness distortion correction formula B is constructedu＝mu(x) and the positional distortion correction formula Zu＝Du(x) is used. The pixel points shot by the camera lens 100 in the subsequent detection process can correct the brightness value and the position value of each pixel point in the detected image according to the brightness distortion correction formula and the position distortion correction formula, so as to obtain a real image.
The method comprises the steps of performing single-pixel display on a display panel to be detected, driving the display panel to be detected to move outwards gradually along the Y axis of the display panel to be detected by using a stepping motor, obtaining the brightness value and the position value of a central pixel A detected from the center to the outer edge of a camera lens 100, performing curve fitting on discrete points through a multivariate parameter equation to fill in the middle missing value to obtain a global distortion coefficient, and performing reverse operation on an image (with distortion) shot by the camera lens 100 to obtain a real image.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the image shot by the camera lens 100 can be calibrated with high precision, thereby meeting the requirement of high-precision display panel detection.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method of calibrating a distorted image, the method comprising the steps of:
s100, placing a display panel to be detected on a rack, and fixing a camera lens right above the display panel to be detected, so that the central axis of the camera lens is perpendicular to the display panel to be detected and is superposed with the central position of the display panel to be detected;
s200, lighting a central pixel A at the central position of the display panel to be detected, and shooting an image displayed by the display panel to be detected by the camera lens;
s300, recording an initial brightness value and an initial position value of a central pixel A in the image, wherein the initial brightness value is recorded as m0The initial position value is recorded as h0；
S400, keeping the brightness of the central pixel A of the display panel to be detected unchanged, and shooting an image of the display panel to be detected once through a camera lens when the display panel to be detected is pushed for 1mm along the Y axis of the display panel to be detected until the physical position of the central pixel A of the display panel to be detected exceeds the edge range of the initial position of the camera lens; wherein, the brightness value of the central pixel A in each shot image is recorded as m1，m2，……，mnThe position value of the central pixel A in each shot image is recorded as h1，h2，……，hn；
S500, according to the recorded brightness value and the position value of the central pixel A, respectively fitting a brightness distortion coefficient of the central pixel A and a position distortion coefficient of the central pixel A in a polynomial fitting mode, constructing a brightness distortion correction formula and a position distortion correction formula, and reversely deducing and restoring a corrected brightness value and a corrected position value of the central pixel A after being pushed by 1mm along the Y axis each time according to the brightness distortion correction formula and the position distortion correction formula, so that the brightness value and the position value of each point of the image are corrected.
2. A method of calibrating a distorted image according to claim 1, wherein in step S400, the stage is driven by a stepping motor to move along the Y-axis of the display panel.
3. A method for calibrating a distorted image as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S500, the correction brightness value of the central pixel a at each position is calculated as follows:
s510, calculating a relative brightness multiple P of the brightness value of the central pixel A of the display panel recorded each time relative to the initial brightness value of the central position of the display panelu＝mu/m0U is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to n, wherein muThe luminance value of the central pixel a in the image taken for the u-th time;
s520, adopting a k-th polynomial least square method to measure the relative brightness multiple PuPerforming polynomial fitting to obtain a correction formula of the brightness distortion coefficient of the central pixel A and the axial line distance of the camera lens: m (x) ═ a1xk+b1xk-1+…+c1x+d1(ii) a Where M (x) is a luminance distortion coefficient, k is a power of a polynomial, a1、b1、…、c1、d1The fitted coefficient is obtained, and x is the distance between the central pixel A and the central axis of the camera lens after the u-th movement;
s530, calculating a corrected luminance value of the center pixel a at each point: b isu＝mu/M (x), wherein BuIs the corrected luminance value of the central pixel a after the u-th shift.
4. A method for calibrating a distorted image as claimed in claim 1, wherein the calculation of the corrected position value of the central pixel a at each position in step S500 is as follows:
s510', calculating the position value D of the central pixel A of the display panel relative to the central axis of the camera lens recorded after the display panel is pushed each timeu＝hu-h0U is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to n; wherein h isuThe position value of the central pixel A in the image shot for the u-th time;
s520', calculating the recorded position value D of the central pixel A of the display panel relative to the central axis of the camera lensuTaking a picture of the central pixel ARelative position multiple U of real position value of central axis of camera lensu＝Du/(u*1mm)；
S530' adopts a polynomial least square method of degree I to process relative position multiple UuPerforming polynomial fitting to obtain a correction formula of the position distortion coefficient of the central pixel A and the axial line distance in the camera lens: n (x) -a2xl+b2xl-1+…+c2x+d2(ii) a Where N (x) is a luminance distortion coefficient, l is a power of a polynomial, a2、b2、…、c2、d2The fitted coefficient is obtained, and x is the distance between the central pixel A and the central axis of the camera lens after the u-th movement;
s540', calculating a corrected position value of the center pixel a at each point: zu＝Du/N (x), wherein ZuIs the corrected position value of the central pixel a after the u-th shift.
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| CN111179322B (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2023-06-02 | 山东大学 | Material measurement shooting image calibration method and system based on camera light source array |
| CN112697403B (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2023-03-31 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | On-orbit calibration method for optical distortion of ultrahigh-precision space telescope |
| CN113242383B (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2022-04-29 | 海信视像科技股份有限公司 | Display device and image calibration method for automatic focusing imaging of display device |
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