CN108920870B - BIM-based tunnel open excavation section foundation pit excavation surface design method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a BIM-based tunnel open cut section foundation pit excavation surface design method, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of establishing a three-dimensional space line position of an open cut section of the tunnel (S1), establishing a digital three-dimensional terrain of the open cut section of the tunnel (S2), establishing a main structure model of the open cut section of the tunnel (S3), generating a control line of an excavation surface of a foundation pit of the open cut section of the tunnel (S4), generating a slope lifting line of the excavation surface of the foundation pit of the open cut section of the tunnel (S5), generating an excavation surface by controlling the height of each level of the excavation surface (S6), generating the excavation surface by controlling the height of each level of the excavation surface by elevation (S7), generating a final slope brushing model (S8), and reading the maximum depth excavation of the excavation surface (S9). The method realizes the design of the foundation pit excavation surface of the open excavation section of the tunnel in the three-dimensional scene, is an indispensable part in the BIM design of the tunnel, and has obvious popularization and application values.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a BIM-based tunnel design method, in particular to a BIM-based design method for a foundation pit excavation surface of an open excavation section of a tunnel.
Background
The design of the excavation surface of the existing tunnel open cut section is mainly based on the traditional two-dimensional design of a section method, so that not only is the operation process complicated, but also the slope brushing height between sections is difficult to accurately embody, and the design quality of the tunnel is greatly reduced. In recent years, the BIM technology has become a development trend of the civil engineering industry, so that the BIM-based design method of the excavation surface of the foundation pit of the tunnel open excavation section is urgently needed to be researched whether the industrial development is conformed or the design precision and quality are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems existing in the design of the foundation pit excavation surface of the tunnel open excavation section at present, the invention provides a brand new foundation pit excavation surface design method of the tunnel open excavation section based on BIM, which comprises the steps of establishing a three-dimensional space line position of the tunnel open excavation section, establishing a digital three-dimensional terrain of the tunnel open excavation section, establishing a tunnel main structure model of the open excavation section, generating a control line of the foundation pit excavation surface of the tunnel open excavation section, generating a slope lifting line of the foundation pit excavation surface of the tunnel open excavation section, generating an excavation surface by controlling the height of each level of excavation surface through height control, generating a final slope brushing model, and reading the maximum excavation depth of the excavation surface.
The invention relates to a BIM-based tunnel open cut section foundation pit excavation surface design method which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, establishing three-dimensional space linear position of tunnel open cut section
And generating a three-dimensional space curve of the tunnel line in a three-dimensional environment by depending on the horizontal and vertical sections of the line.
S2, establishing the digital three-dimensional terrain of the tunnel open cut section
And generating a three-dimensional terrain curved surface in a three-dimensional environment by relying on ground actual measurement pile number elevation data.
S3, establishing an open cut tunnel main structure model
And establishing a tunnel main tunnel structure model and a cavern structure model by depending on the three-dimensional space linear position as a basis for designing the excavation boundary of the bottom surface of the open excavation foundation pit.
S4 control line for generating tunnel open cut section foundation pit excavation surface
And extracting a boundary control line of the excavation surface of the bottom surface of the foundation pit by relying on the tunnel main tunnel structure model and the chamber structure model, and generating an excavation surface slope line by relying on the control line.
S5, generating slope starting line of tunnel open cut section foundation pit excavation surface
And shifting the control line of the excavation surface of the foundation pit of the tunnel open excavation section in the S4 in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction perpendicular to the line position direction according to the actual required excavation size of the bottom surface of the foundation pit to obtain a slope raising line of the excavation surface of the foundation pit.
S6, generating the excavation surface by controlling the height of each stage of excavation surface
The method is characterized in that the height of a certain level of excavation surface is consistent in the process of generating the excavation surface, the level number of the generated excavation surface is automatically determined according to the three-dimensional terrain condition, the level number of the excavation surface is the minimum level number when the excavation surface is completely intersected with the terrain surface, the excavation surface comprises a slope and a platform, the slope is controlled through the height and the height-width ratio, the platform is controlled through the horizontal width and the slope rate of the platform, the slope can be vertical, the platform can be horizontal, and the step or steps can be controlled independently.
S7, generating an excavation surface by controlling the height of each level of excavation surface through elevation
The final slope line elevation of a certain level of excavation surface is consistent in the process of generating the excavation surface, the level number of the generated excavation surface is automatically determined according to the three-dimensional terrain condition, the minimum level number of the excavation surface is taken when the excavation surface is completely intersected with the terrain surface, the excavation surface comprises a slope and a platform, the slope is controlled through the elevation and the height-width ratio, the platform is controlled through the horizontal width and the slope rate of the platform, the slope can be vertical, the platform can be horizontal, and the step of one level or a plurality of levels can be controlled independently.
S8, generating a final excavation face model
And cutting the generated excavation surface by using the three-dimensional space terrain curved surface to obtain an excavation surface model which is adaptive to the actual three-dimensional terrain surface.
S9, reading the maximum excavation depth of the excavation surface
And reading the maximum vertical height from the highest excavation point of the final excavation surface model to the corresponding slope starting point in the range of the excavation paragraph, namely the maximum excavation depth.
The beneficial effects of the invention are:
under the three-dimensional digital environment, based on three-dimensional space linear position and three-dimensional space topography curved surface, the design of tunnel open cut section foundation pit excavation face has been realized, the problem of low precision, inefficiency in the design of two-dimensional section method has been solved, can satisfy the scheme design in the design of tunnel open cut section and the relevant requirement of detailed design, accord with the tunnel open cut section foundation pit excavation face design theory of tunnel based on BIM, all have very important application in mountain tunnel entrance to a cave, body open cut tunnel section and city tunnel open cut section, be an indispensable ring in the design of tunnel BIM, also promoted the application of BIM technique in tunnel engineering simultaneously. The method has high automation degree and strong practicability and has obvious popularization and application values.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a BIM-based design method for a foundation pit excavation surface of an open excavation section of a tunnel.
The notation in the figure is:
s1, establishing three-dimensional space linear position of tunnel open cut section
S2, establishing the digital three-dimensional terrain of the tunnel open cut section
S3, establishing an open cut tunnel main structure model
S4 control line for generating tunnel open cut section foundation pit excavation surface
S5, generating slope starting line of tunnel open cut section foundation pit excavation surface
S6, generating the excavation surface by controlling the height of each stage of excavation surface
S7, generating an excavation surface by controlling the height of each level of excavation surface through elevation
S8, generating a final excavation face model
S9, reading the maximum excavation depth of the excavation surface
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. As shown in the flowchart of fig. 1, the method for designing the excavation surface of the foundation pit of the tunnel open excavation section based on the BIM according to the present invention includes the steps of: the method comprises the steps of establishing a three-dimensional space line position of an open cut section of a tunnel, establishing a digital three-dimensional terrain of the open cut section of the tunnel, establishing a main structure model of the open cut section of the tunnel, generating a control line of a foundation pit excavation surface of the open cut section of the tunnel, generating a slope lifting line of the foundation pit excavation surface of the open cut section of the tunnel, generating an excavation surface by controlling the height of each level of excavation surface through height, generating a final slope brushing model and reading the maximum excavation depth of the excavation surface.
S1, establishing three-dimensional space linear position of tunnel open cut section
And generating a three-dimensional space curve of the line under a three-dimensional environment by depending on the horizontal and vertical sections of the line.
S2, establishing the digital three-dimensional terrain of the tunnel open cut section
And generating a three-dimensional terrain curved surface in a three-dimensional environment by relying on ground actual measurement pile number elevation data.
S3, establishing an open cut tunnel main structure model
And establishing a tunnel main tunnel structure model and a cavern structure model by depending on the three-dimensional space linear position as a basis for designing the excavation boundary of the bottom surface of the open excavation foundation pit.
S4 control line for generating tunnel open cut section foundation pit excavation surface
And extracting a boundary control line of the excavation surface of the bottom surface of the foundation pit by relying on the tunnel main tunnel structure model and the chamber structure model, and generating an excavation surface slope line by relying on the control line.
S5, generating slope starting line of tunnel open cut section foundation pit excavation surface
Shifting a control line of the foundation pit excavation surface of the tunnel open excavation section in the S4 in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction perpendicular to the line position direction according to the actual required foundation pit bottom surface excavation size to obtain a slope line of the foundation pit excavation surface;
the process of generating the slope raising line (S5) of the excavation surface of the foundation pit at the tunnel open cut section is that curvature continuous operation is carried out on the excavation surface control line (S4) in the excavation surface control line (S4) of the excavation surface of the tunnel open cut section, the operated curve is named as C1, the curve C1 is projected on a horizontal plane along the vertical direction, the projected line is named as C2, the end point of C2 is taken as the starting point, a line segment is generated in the direction vertical to the C2 on the horizontal plane by the required horizontal offset length, the line segment is named as C3, the C3 is swept into a plane along the C2, the outer side line of the swept plane is extracted and is the line after the C2 is horizontally offset, the extracted line is named as C4, the C1 is stretched into a plane along the vertical offset distance, the top side line of the stretched plane is extracted and is the line after the C1 is vertically offset, the extracted line is named as C5, the end point of the C5 is taken as the starting point, and a line segment of a certain length is generated on the horizontal plane vertical to the C5, the line segment is named as C6, the C6 and the C3 are required to be in the same direction, the length of the C6 is larger than that of the C3, curvature continuous operation is conducted on a three-dimensional space curve within a certain error range, the operated curve is named as C7, the C6 is swept into a plane along the C7, the C4 is vertically projected on the swept plane, and the projection line is the slope raising line of the excavation surface.
S6, generating the excavation surface by controlling the height of each stage of excavation surface
The method is characterized in that the height of a certain stage of excavation surface is consistent in the process of generating the excavation surface, the stage number of the generated excavation surface is automatically determined according to the three-dimensional terrain condition, the stage number of the excavation surface is the minimum stage number when the excavation surface is completely intersected with the terrain surface, the excavation surface comprises a slope and a platform, the slope is controlled through the height and the height-width ratio, the platform is controlled through the horizontal width and the slope rate of the platform, the slope can be vertical, the platform can be horizontal, and the step or steps of the certain stage can be controlled independently;
generating an excavation surface by controlling the height of each level of excavation surface (S6), wherein the generation process of a certain level of excavation surface comprises the steps of firstly projecting a slope line of the excavation surface of the level along the vertical direction on a horizontal plane, the projection line is named as C1, taking the end point of C1 as a starting point, generating a line segment with a required horizontal offset length in the direction vertical to the C1 on the horizontal plane, the line segment is named as C2, C2 sweeps along the C1 to form a plane, the outer side line of the extracted sweep plane is the line after the projection line is horizontally offset, the extracted line is named as C3, stretching the slope line of the excavation surface of the level along the vertical direction at a vertical offset distance to form a plane, the top side line of the extracted stretching plane is the line after the slope line of the excavation surface of the level is vertically offset at a certain distance, the extracted line is named as C4, taking the end point of C4 as a starting point, generating a line segment with a certain length in the direction vertical to the slope line of the excavation surface on the horizontal plane, and the line segment is named as C5, and C5 and C2 are required to be in the same direction, the length of C5 is larger than that of C2, curvature continuous operation is carried out on a three-dimensional space curve within a certain error range, the operated curve is named as C6, C5 is swept into a plane along C6, C3 is projected on the swept plane along the vertical direction, the projection line is the final slope line of the excavation surface of the current level, and the excavation surface of the current level is generated by depending on the slope starting line and the final slope line of the excavation surface of the current level.
S7, generating an excavation surface by controlling the height of each level of excavation surface through elevation
The final slope line elevation of a certain stage of excavation surface is consistent in the process of generating the excavation surface, the stage number of the generated excavation surface is automatically determined according to the three-dimensional terrain condition, the stage number of the excavation surface is the minimum stage number when the stage number is completely intersected with the terrain surface, the excavation surface comprises a slope and a platform, the slope is controlled through the elevation and the height-width ratio, the platform is controlled through the horizontal width and the slope rate of the platform, the slope can be vertical, the platform can be horizontal, and one stage or a plurality of stages of steps can be controlled independently;
generating an excavation surface by controlling the height of each level of excavation surface through elevation (S7), wherein the generation process of a certain level of excavation surface comprises the steps of firstly projecting a slope line of the excavation surface of the level along the vertical direction on a horizontal plane, wherein the projection line is named as C1, taking the end point of C1 as a starting point, generating a line segment with a required horizontal offset length in the direction vertical to C1 on the horizontal plane, the line segment is named as C2, C2 sweeps the plane along C1, the outer side line of the extracted sweep plane is the line after the projection line is horizontally offset, the extracted line is named as C3, the slope line of the excavation surface of the level is vertically stretched to the required final slope height forming surface of the excavation surface of the level, the top side line of the extracted stretch plane is the line generated by controlling the slope line of the excavation surface along the vertical direction, the extracted line is named as C4, the horizontal plane is established at the end point of C4, C3 projects on the horizontal plane, and the projection line is the vertical final slope line of the excavation surface of the level, and generating the grade excavation surface by depending on the slope rising line and the final slope line of the grade excavation surface.
S8, generating a final excavation face model
And cutting the generated excavation surface by using the three-dimensional space terrain curved surface to obtain an excavation surface model which is adaptive to the actual three-dimensional terrain surface.
S9, reading the maximum excavation depth of the excavation surface
And reading the maximum vertical height from the highest excavation point of the final excavation surface model to the corresponding slope starting point in the range of the excavation paragraph, namely the maximum excavation depth.
Claims (6)
1. A BIM-based design method for a foundation pit excavation surface of an open excavation section of a tunnel is characterized by comprising the following steps: establishing a three-dimensional space line position of an open-cut section of the tunnel (S1), establishing a digital three-dimensional terrain of the open-cut section of the tunnel (S2), establishing a main structure model of the open-cut section of the tunnel (S3), generating a control line of an excavation surface of a foundation pit of the open-cut section of the tunnel (S4), generating a slope line of the excavation surface of the foundation pit of the open-cut section of the tunnel (S5), generating an excavation surface by controlling the height of each level of excavation surface (S6), or generating an excavation surface by controlling the height of each level of excavation surface (S7) by elevation, generating a final excavation surface model (S8), and reading the maximum excavation depth of the excavation surface (S9);
the method comprises the steps of establishing a three-dimensional space linear position (S1) of the tunnel open excavation section, namely generating a three-dimensional space curve of a line in a three-dimensional environment by means of a line flat section and a line vertical section;
the digital three-dimensional terrain (S2) of the tunnel open cut section is established, namely a three-dimensional terrain curved surface is generated in a three-dimensional environment by means of ground actual measurement pile number elevation data;
the main body structure model (S3) of the open cut tunnel is established by means of building a tunnel main tunnel structure model and a cavern structure model by means of three-dimensional space line positions, and the model is used as a basis for designing the bottom surface excavation boundary of the open cut foundation pit;
the step of generating the control line (S4) of the excavation surface of the foundation pit of the tunnel open excavation section refers to extracting the boundary control line of the excavation surface of the foundation pit by depending on a tunnel main tunnel structure model and a cavern structure model, and generating an excavation surface slope line by depending on the control line;
the step of generating the slope lifting line (S5) of the foundation pit excavation surface of the tunnel open excavation section refers to the step of offsetting the control line of the foundation pit excavation surface of the tunnel open excavation section in the control line (S4) of the foundation pit excavation surface of the tunnel open excavation section in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction perpendicular to the linear position direction according to the actual required foundation pit bottom surface excavation size to obtain the slope lifting line of the foundation pit excavation surface;
the step of generating the excavation surface (S6) by controlling the height of each stage of excavation surface through the height refers to that the height of a certain stage of excavation surface is consistent in the excavation surface generation process, the stage number of the generated excavation surface is automatically determined according to the three-dimensional terrain condition, the stage number of the excavation surface is the minimum stage number when the excavation surface is completely intersected with the terrain surface, the excavation surface comprises a slope and a platform, the slope is controlled through the height and the height-width ratio, the platform is controlled through the horizontal width and the slope rate of the platform, and the step of the certain stage or the steps can be controlled independently;
the step of generating the excavation surface (S7) by controlling the height of each stage of excavation surface through the elevation means that the final slope line elevation of a certain stage of excavation surface is consistent in the excavation surface generation process, the stage number of the generated excavation surface is automatically determined according to the three-dimensional terrain condition, the minimum stage number of the excavation surface when the excavation surface is completely intersected with the terrain surface is taken as the stage number of the excavation surface, the excavation surface comprises a slope and a platform, the slope is controlled through the elevation and the height-width ratio, the platform is controlled through the horizontal width and the slope rate of the platform, and the step or steps of the certain stage can be controlled independently;
the step of generating a final excavation face model (S8) is to cut the generated excavation face by using a three-dimensional terrain curve to obtain an excavation face model corresponding to the actual three-dimensional terrain face;
the reading of the maximum excavation depth of the excavation surface (S9) refers to reading the maximum vertical height from the highest excavation point of the final excavation surface model to the corresponding slope starting point in the range of the excavation paragraph, namely the maximum excavation depth.
2. The BIM-based design method for the excavation surface of the excavation section of the tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the step of generating the slope raising line (S5) of the excavation surface of the excavation section of the tunnel comprises the following steps: firstly, curvature continuous operation is carried out on an excavation surface control line in a tunnel open cut section foundation pit excavation surface control line (S4) in a certain error range, a calculated curve is named as C1, the curve C1 is projected on a horizontal plane along the vertical direction, the projection line is named as C2, a line segment is generated in a direction perpendicular to C2 on the horizontal plane by taking an end point of C2 as a starting point and by a required horizontal offset length, the line segment is named as C3, C3 is swept into a plane along C2, an outer edge line of the swept plane is extracted and is a line after C2 is horizontally offset, the extraction line is named as C4, the C1 is stretched into a plane by a vertical offset distance along the vertical direction, a top edge line of the extraction plane is a line after C1 is vertically offset, the extraction line is named as C5, an end point of C5 is taken as a starting point, a line segment with a certain length in a direction perpendicular to C5 on the horizontal plane is generated and is named as C6, the line segment 6 and C3 is required to be larger than C8269556, and (3) performing curvature continuous operation on the three-dimensional space curve within a certain error range, wherein the operated curve is named as C7, the C6 is swept into a surface along the C7, the C4 is vertically projected on the swept surface, and the projection line is the slope raising line of the excavation surface.
3. The BIM-based design method for the excavation surface of the foundation pit of the open excavation section of the tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the excavation surface is generated by controlling the height of each level of excavation surface (S6), and the generation process of the level of excavation surface is as follows: firstly, projecting a slope starting line of a current-level excavation surface on a horizontal plane along the vertical direction, wherein the projection line is named as C1, taking an end point of C1 as a starting point, generating a line segment with a required horizontal offset length in a direction vertical to C1 on the horizontal plane, the line segment is named as C2, C2 is swept into a plane along C1, extracting an outer side line of the sweep plane as a line after the projection line is horizontally offset, the extracted line is named as C3, stretching the slope starting line of the current-level excavation surface into a plane along the vertical offset distance, extracting a top side line of the stretched plane as a line after the slope starting line of the current-level excavation surface is vertically offset by a certain distance, the extracted line is named as C4, taking the end point of C4 as a starting point, generating a line segment with a certain length in a direction vertical to the slope starting line of the current-level excavation surface on the horizontal plane, the line segment is named as C5, and the line segment is required to be in the same direction as C5 and C2 and the same direction, and the length of C5 is larger than C2, and performing continuous curvature calculation in a certain error range, the calculated curve is named as C6, the C5 is swept into a plane along the C6, the C3 is vertically projected on the swept plane, the projection line is the final slope line of the excavation surface of the current level, and the excavation surface of the current level is generated by depending on the slope rising line and the final slope line of the excavation surface of the current level.
4. The BIM-based design method for the excavation surface of the foundation pit at the open excavation section of the tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the elevation control is performed to generate the excavation surface (S7) for each excavation surface level, and the generation process of the first excavation surface is that a slope raising line of the current excavation surface level is projected on a horizontal plane along the vertical direction, the projection line is named as C1, an end point of C1 is used as a starting point, a line segment is generated on the horizontal plane in a direction perpendicular to the C1 direction by a required horizontal offset length, the line segment is named as C2, C2 is swept along C1 to form a surface, an outer side line of the sweep surface is extracted and is a line after the horizontal offset of the projection line, the extraction line is named as C3, the slope raising line of the current excavation surface level is vertically stretched to a final slope elevation forming surface required by the current excavation surface level, a top side line of the tensile surface is extracted and is a slope raising line of the current excavation surface level generated by the vertical direction control, the elevation extraction line is named as C4, and (3) establishing a horizontal plane at the end point of the C4, vertically projecting the C3 on the horizontal plane, wherein a projection line is a final slope line of the excavation surface of the current level, and generating the excavation surface of the current level by depending on a rising line and the final slope line of the excavation surface of the current level.
5. The BIM-based design method for the excavation surface of the foundation pit of the open excavation section of the tunnel according to claim 1, wherein in the excavation surface (S6) generated by controlling the height of each level of excavation surface, the slope is vertical and the platform is horizontal.
6. The BIM-based design method for the foundation pit excavation surface of the open-cut section of the tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the height of each excavation surface is controlled through elevation to generate the excavation surface (S7), the slope is vertical, and the platform is horizontal.
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| CN112163249B (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2023-02-24 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Construction method of full-parametric three-dimensional model structure of hydraulic construction excavation slope |
| CN112528382B (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2023-09-26 | 黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司 | Design method for three-dimensional automatic excavation of parallel horse road of multi-stage platform |
| CN114861287B (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-10-28 | 墨斗(天津)科技有限公司 | BIM-based tunnel structure open cut section parametric design method |
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