CN108919844A - A kind of real-time solution concentration automatic control system of chemical reaction rate - Google Patents
A kind of real-time solution concentration automatic control system of chemical reaction rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN108919844A CN108919844A CN201810459883.0A CN201810459883A CN108919844A CN 108919844 A CN108919844 A CN 108919844A CN 201810459883 A CN201810459883 A CN 201810459883A CN 108919844 A CN108919844 A CN 108919844A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D11/00—Control of flow ratio
- G05D11/02—Controlling ratio of two or more flows of fluid or fluent material
- G05D11/13—Controlling ratio of two or more flows of fluid or fluent material characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D11/139—Controlling ratio of two or more flows of fluid or fluent material characterised by the use of electric means by measuring a value related to the quantity of the individual components and sensing at least one property of the mixture
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
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Abstract
The present invention relates to chemical reaction solution concentration control field wet chemistry fields, and in particular to a kind of real-time solution concentration automatic control system of chemical reaction rate is based on electrochemical method.The present invention converts small electrical signals for the faint variation of solution real-time concentration by electrochemical ion concentration detector, small electrical signals amplify by the simple amplifying circuit of operational amplifier and adjusting resistance composition and feed back to controller, the structure of detection signaling module is simplified, and the detection sensitivity to the faint variable of concentration has been significantly greatly increased.The faint switch for changing to controller and removing according to the electric signal of operational amplifier feedback to control each electronic valve of ion concentration is detected from electrochemical ion concentration detector, the entire reaction action process time was less than 1 second, to achieve the purpose that quickly, accurately control reaction solution concentration, liquid level, shorten from the whole cycle for detecting that concentration variable signal is operated to controller.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to chemical reaction solution concentration control field wet chemistry fields, and in particular to a kind of chemical reaction speed
The real-time solution concentration automatic control system of rate is based on electrochemical method.
Background technique
Since wet chemistry reaction rate is usually determined by factors such as the concentration of reactant and product, reaction temperatures jointly
It is fixed, for the chemical reaction for needing to keep material deposition rate constant for a long time, need involved in stringent accurate control reaction
The concentration of substance needs the addition and discharge of real-time measurement and feedback-system section solution to this.
Traditional solution concentration control method is mostly after artificially measuring solution concentration, and by calculating titration manually, addition is determined
Solution or solute to be measured to reach a certain concentration, is not only taken time and effort, also there is certain hysteresis quality, error is also bigger, and
The sensitivity for measuring the variation of effects of ion concentration is relatively low.
And the realization mechanism of the signal detection module of existing automatic control system causes its structure relative complex, from detecting
The whole cycle that concentration variable signal is operated to controller is also relatively long.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned there are problem or deficiency, structure is complicated to solve detection signaling module in existing automatic control system with
And manipulation period longer technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of real-time solution concentrations of chemical reaction rate to automatically control system
System is based on electrochemical method.
The real-time solution concentration automatic control system of chemical reaction rate includes：Electrochemical ion concentration detector, operation are put
Big device, controller, electronic valve, reaction tank, replenishing basin, reference cell and waste liquid pool.
Electrochemical ion concentration detector has 2, is respectively placed in reaction tank and reference cell, by reaction tank and reference cell
Middle solution ion concentration variation is converted into two electrode potential difference signals and exports to external circuit.The electrochemical ion Concentration Testing
Device includes indicator electrode and reference electrode two parts, and the non-inverting input terminal of indicator electrode and operational amplifier in reaction tank connects
It connects, the inverting input terminal connection of indicator electrode and operational amplifier in reference cell；Reference electrode connects with operational amplifier
Ground terminal connection.
Electronic valve is mounted in the connecting pipe between replenishing basin and reaction tank and between reaction tank and waste liquid pool
Connecting pipe in, when needing anaplerotic reaction solution, controlled between replenishing basin and reaction tank in connecting pipe by controller
Electronic valve is opened, and when needing that waste liquid is discharged, controls the electronics between reaction tank and replenishing basin in connecting pipe by controller
Valve is opened.
The non-inverting input terminal of operational amplifier is through adjusting resistance R1It is connect with indicator electrode in reaction tank, through adjusting resistance R2
It is connect with output end；Inverting input terminal is connect with indicator electrode in reference cell and controller respectively；Ground terminal respectively with reaction tank,
Reference electrode connection in reference cell, the potential difference signal that electrochemical ion concentration detector is fed back is amplified and exports feedback
To controller.
Controller is programmable logic controller (PLC), respectively with operational amplifier inverting input terminal, output end and each electronics
Valve connection, can control the switch time of each electronic valve according to the potential difference signal of operational amplifier feedback.
The solution of reactant is housed in reaction tank, passes through the connecting pipe benefit with top respectively equipped with controlled electron valve
It is connected to the waste liquid pool of pond and lower section, solution flows under the effect of gravity when electronic valve is opened, in replenishing basin communicates therewith
Reaction tank, solution flows to the waste liquid pool communicated therewith under the effect of gravity in reaction tank.
The single concentrated solution of each reactant is housed in replenishing basin；It is equipped in reference cell and reaches anti-needed for goal response rate
Answer the reactant solution of object concentration；Waste liquid pool is used to receive the waste liquid of storage reaction pond discharge.
The concentration offsets mechanism of the real-time solution concentration automatic control system of chemical reaction rate is as follows：
The reaction following for reaction equation
MA+nB=qC (precipitating or deposition plating)+rD
A, B is two kinds of reaction solutions, and m, the corresponding reaction coefficient of n, q, r A, B, C, D, C is reaction product, if supplement
Solution A concentration be N1, volume V1；The B solution concentration of supplement is N2, volume V2；The ion concentration of solution A in reference cell
For N0；Liquid volume is V in reaction tank0；The volume that solution is discharged is V3；Electrochemical ion concentration detector indicates in reaction tank
The current potential of electrode is Ut, with UtCorresponding solution A concentration is Nt；Electrochemistry electrochemical ion concentration detector indicates in reference cell
The current potential of electrode is U0；Operational amplifier output terminal current potential is U.
Had according to electric circuit knowledgeI.e.
Since the amount of A and B in reaction tank solution is with m:The ratio of n gradually decreases, then should have for make-up solution：
Enable V1=V2, thenIn order to keep liquid level constant, then there should be V3=V1+V2=2V1, according to electrochemistry electricity
The principle of position method measured ion concentration, if solution A concentration and indicator electrode electric potential relation are N in solutiont=f (Ut), in order to reach phase
Same reaction rate, should ensure that solution A concentration is equal with solution A concentration in reference cell in reaction tank, then should have：
N1*V1=(N0-f(Ut))*V0+V3*f(Ut) ①
V3=2V1Bringing above formula into can obtain：
The present invention converts small electrical signals for the faint variation of solution real-time concentration by electrochemical ion concentration detector,
Controller is amplified and fed back to small electrical signals by the simple amplifying circuit of operational amplifier and adjusting resistance composition, simplifies
The structure of signaling module is detected, and the detection sensitivity to the faint variable of concentration has been significantly greatly increased.It is examined from electrochemical ion concentration
It surveys device and detects that the faint controller that changes to of ion concentration goes to control each electronic valve according to the electric signal of operational amplifier feedback
The switch of door, it is entire react the action process time less than 1 second, thus reach quickly, accurately control reaction solution concentration, liquid level
Purpose is shortened from the whole cycle for detecting that concentration variable signal is operated to controller.
In conclusion compared with prior art, the present invention realizes the simplification of detection signaling module structure and shortens behaviour
Make the effect of period promotion working efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the block schematic illustration of embodiment；
Appended drawing reference：1- electrochemical ion concentration detector, 2- indicator electrode, 3- reference electrode, 4- operational amplifier, 5-
Controller, 6- electronic valve, 7- reaction tank, 8- replenishing basin, 9- reference cell, 10- waste liquid pool.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Real-time concentration is converted electric signal by electrochemical ion concentration detector, becomes small electrical signals through operational amplifier
The switch time of each electronic valve and sequence are controlled after changing amplification, controller processing, to reach quick, accurately control
Reaction solution concentration, the purpose of liquid level.
1, for precipitation reaction, by taking the reaction of laboratory caustic soda as an example, reaction equation is Ca (OH)2+Na2CO3=CaCO3+
2NaOH, wherein Na+And OH-Reaction is not participated in, and the Ca (OH) of high concentration is respectively charged into replenishing basin2、Na2CO3Two kinds of solution,
The Ca (OH) of concentration needed for reaching required reaction rate is packed into reference cell2Solution, as reaction carries out, product CaCO3Start
It deposits, Ca in reaction tank solution2+And CO3 2-Amount be gradually reduced, therefore to supplement Ca (OH)2、Na2CO3Two kinds of solution.We are false
If the Ca (OH) of supplement2、Na2CO3Solution concentration is respectively N1、N2；Volume is respectively V1、V2；The ion of solution A is dense in reference cell
Degree is N0；Liquid volume is V in reaction tank0；The volume that solution is discharged is V3；Electrochemical ion concentration detector refers in reaction tank
The current potential for showing electrode is Ut；Corresponding Ca2+Ion concentration is Nt；Electrochemical ion concentration detector indicator electrode in reference cell
Current potential is U0；Operational amplifier output terminal current potential is U.
As shown in the picture, had according to electric circuit knowledgeI.e.This
The variation of the electric potential signal due to caused by the minor change of certain ion concentration in reaction tank is just exaggerated by sampleTimes, controller
By carrying out judgement to operational amplifier output valve to substantially increase the reaction speed that controller changes concentration in reaction tank
Degree.
Since the amount of A and B in reaction tank solution is with 1:1 ratio gradually decreases, then should have for make-up solution：
In order to make problem reduction, V is enabled1=V2, then N1=N2, in order to keep liquid level constant, then should have V3=V1+V2=2V1,
According to the principle of electrochemical potentials method measured ion concentration, if Ca in solution2+Ion concentration and indicator electrode electric potential relation are Nt=f
(Ut), in order to reach identical reaction rate, it should ensure that solution ion concentration in reaction tank effects of ion concentration and reference cell
It is equal, then should have：
N1*V1=(N0-f(Ut))*V0+V3*f(Ut) ①
V3=2V1Bringing above formula into can obtain：
It is worth noting that, in order to make V1It is small as far as possible, N1It is big as far as possible.
In conclusion in the case where supply solution concentration is proportional, due to the stream in the connecting pipe unit time
Amount be it is certain, controller only need according to above-mentioned relation control electronic valve switching sequence and time displaced volume be V3's
Reaction solution, supplement volume are V1Ca (OH)2Solution and volume are V2Na2CO3Solution, that is, can reach quickly, accurately control
Solution concentration, the purpose of liquid level in reaction tank.
2. the reaction for more typically property, such as
MA+nB=qC (precipitating or deposition plating)+rD
Its reaction rate should have following relationship:
F(N0)=F (Nt') wherein Nt' refer to and to realize identical reaction rate, A needs reaction density to be achieved, then on
1. face formula can be rewritten as:
N1*V1=(Nt’-N0)*V0+(N0-f(Ut))*V0+V3*f(Ut)
=(Nt’-Nt)*V0+V3*Nt
If enabling V1=V2, and the make-up solution concentration ratio of solution A and B solution is m/n, then has
V3=V1+V2
The reaction solution volume that should be supplemented is
Claims (2)
1. a kind of real-time solution concentration automatic control system of chemical reaction rate, it is characterised in that：
Including：Electrochemical ion concentration detector, operational amplifier, controller, electronic valve, reaction tank, replenishing basin, reference cell
And waste liquid pool；
Electrochemical ion concentration detector has 2, is respectively placed in reaction tank and reference cell, will be molten in reaction tank and reference cell
The variation of liquid ion concentration is converted into two electrode potential difference signals and exports to external circuit；The electrochemical ion concentration detector packet
Indicator electrode and reference electrode two parts are included, the non-inverting input terminal connection of indicator electrode and operational amplifier in reaction tank, ginseng
Examine the inverting input terminal connection of the indicator electrode and operational amplifier in pond；Reference electrode connects with the ground terminal of operational amplifier
It connects；
Electronic valve is mounted on the company in the connecting pipe between replenishing basin and reaction tank and between reaction tank and waste liquid pool
In adapter tube road, when needing anaplerotic reaction solution, the electronics between replenishing basin and reaction tank in connecting pipe is controlled by controller
Valve is opened, and when needing that waste liquid is discharged, controls the electronic valve between reaction tank and replenishing basin in connecting pipe by controller
It opens；
The non-inverting input terminal of operational amplifier is through adjusting resistance R1It is connect with indicator electrode in reaction tank, through adjusting resistance R2With it is defeated
Outlet connection；Inverting input terminal is connect with indicator electrode in reference cell and controller respectively；Ground terminal respectively with reaction tank, reference
Reference electrode connection in pond, the potential difference signal that electrochemical ion concentration detector is fed back amplifies and exported feed back to control
Device processed；
Controller is programmable logic controller (PLC), respectively with operational amplifier inverting input terminal, output end and each electronic valve
Connection, can control the switch time of each electronic valve according to the potential difference signal of operational amplifier feedback；
The solution of reactant is housed in reaction tank, passes through the connecting pipe replenishing basin with top respectively equipped with controlled electron valve
And the waste liquid pool connection of lower section, when electronic valve is opened, in replenishing basin solution flow under the effect of gravity communicate therewith it is anti-
Ying Chi, solution flows to the waste liquid pool communicated therewith under the effect of gravity in reaction tank；
The single concentrated solution of each reactant is housed in replenishing basin；Equipped with reactant needed for reaching goal response rate in reference cell
The reactant solution of concentration；Waste liquid pool is used to receive the waste liquid of storage reaction pond discharge.
2. the real-time solution concentration automatic control system of chemical reaction rate as described in claim 1, concentration offsets mechanism are as follows：
The reaction following for reaction equation
MA+nB=qC (precipitating or deposition plating)+rD
A, B is two kinds of reaction solutions, and m, the corresponding reaction coefficient of n, q, r A, B, C, D, C is reaction product, if the A of supplement
Solution concentration is N1, volume V1；The B solution concentration of supplement is N2, volume V2；The ion concentration of solution A is N in reference cell0；
Liquid volume is V in reaction tank0；The volume that solution is discharged is V3；Electrochemical ion concentration detector indicator electrode in reaction tank
Current potential is Ut, with UtCorresponding solution A concentration is Nt；The current potential of electrochemical ion concentration detector indicator electrode is in reference cell
U0；Operational amplifier output terminal current potential is U；
Had according to electric circuit knowledgeI.e.
Since the amount of A and B in reaction tank solution is with m:The ratio of n gradually decreases, then should have for make-up solution：
Enable V1=V2, thenIn order to keep liquid level constant, then there should be V3=V1+V2=2V1, according to electrochemical potentials method
The principle of measured ion concentration, if solution A concentration and indicator electrode electric potential relation are N in solutiont=f (Ut), it is identical in order to reach
Reaction rate should ensure that solution A concentration is equal with solution A concentration in reference cell in reaction tank, then should have：
N1*V1=(N0-f(Ut))*V0+V3*f(Ut) ①
V3=2V1Bringing above formula into can obtain：
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114177824A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2022-03-15 | 长鑫存储技术有限公司 | Monitoring feedback system and monitoring feedback method |
| CN115190967A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2022-10-14 | 博特化工装置股份公司 | Automatic sugar feeding |
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Application publication date: 20181130 |