Ultrasonic fatigue-based casting high-temperature alloy anti-fatigue hot isostatic pressing repair evaluation model
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of defect repair of cast high-temperature alloys, and relates to an ultrasonic fatigue-based evaluation model for repairing fatigue resistance and hot isostatic pressing of cast high-temperature alloys.
Background
The cast high-temperature alloy has the advantages of creep resistance, high temperature resistance, good molding and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of aeroengines and turbine blades. The engine blade bears high-frequency vibration fatigue load when running at high speed, and fatigue cracks are easy to cast defects of high-temperature alloy. The size of the casting defect seriously influences the high-cycle and ultrahigh-cycle fatigue performance of the material, and the hot isostatic pressing technology for repairing the casting defect of the cast high-temperature alloy is the key for improving the fatigue resistance of the high-temperature alloy. Hot isostatic pressing of material casting defects presents two problems: firstly, the size of the casting defect can be reduced, and the casting defect is difficult to completely repair; secondly, the smaller the size of the casting defect after healing, the higher the hot isostatic pressing process parameters, and the inevitable negative influence on the microstructure of the material is brought. Thus, the hiping process does not aim at a minimum size for casting defect healing, but at an optimum size that meets the requirements for fatigue resistance, i.e. fatigue cracks do not initiate from casting defects below this size, but rather in the microstructure or other defects. In order to evaluate the hot isostatic pressing repair process performance of the cast high-temperature alloy, the hot isostatic pressing repair effect of the material is evaluated from the aspects of creep resistance and durability in the prior art so as to judge whether the design requirement can be met. However, there is no effective method for evaluating the defect repairing effect of the material. At present, material casting defects are mainly based on methods such as nondestructive inspection and metallographic defect analysis, and the accurate acquisition of the size, position and the like of the material defects is difficult. The defect detection capability is limited by the detection level and capability, particularly the safety evaluation theory technology after the defect is detected is imperfect,
disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an evaluation model of an anti-fatigue hot isostatic pressing repair process for a cast high-temperature alloy. And obtaining the defect type and distribution information of the cast high-temperature alloy after hot isostatic pressing repair by adopting an ultrasonic fatigue test, treating the defects as cracks, and evaluating the anti-fatigue hot isostatic pressing repair process by using a fatigue strength theory and a threshold value theory.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
An evaluation model of an anti-fatigue hot isostatic pressing repair process for casting high-temperature alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) taking 1-i same cast high-temperature alloy test pieces, marking as a test piece 1, a test piece 2 and a test piece …, carrying out different hot isostatic pressing repair processes on the test pieces 1-i, and then carrying out ultrahigh cycle fatigue tests on the test pieces 1-i by adopting an ultrasonic fatigue method, wherein the test frequency is 20 kHz; observing the holes of the fatigue fracture source region by adopting a scanning electron microscope for the test pieces 1-iForm and size, and obtaining the maximum defect size a of the test pieces 1-i after hot isostatic pressing repairmax;
(2) Taking the cast high-temperature alloy same as the cast high-temperature alloy in the step (1), marking the cast high-temperature alloy as a test piece 0, carrying out ultrasonic fatigue test on the test piece 0, wherein the test frequency is 20kHz, observing a fatigue fracture, and obtaining a cast hole initiation threshold value delta Kth,iniEffective threshold value delta K for fatigue crack propagation with materialth,eff;
(3) And (3) determining the threshold value of the test piece 0 by adopting a step-by-step load reduction method, namely: keeping the load ratio unchanged, and ensuring that the load reduction rate of each stage does not exceed 10 percent until 10 percent6The propagation increment of the cracks in the cycle is not more than 0.1mm, and the stress intensity factor is the threshold value delta K of the long cracks of the materialth,LC;
(4) The test piece 0 was subjected to a tensile test at a loading rate of 0.00007s
-1~0.002s
-1Determination of tensile Strength σ of the Material
bAnd conservatively estimating the material fatigue limit
(5) Establishing fatigue crack propagation threshold value delta K of test pieces 1-ith(Δ a) model:
ΔKth,LCthe fatigue long crack propagation threshold value is obtained;
Δ a is the material defect size;
a*the calculation formula is that the transition size of the material fatigue small crack and the material fatigue long crack is as follows:
a
0the calculation formula is the intrinsic size of the fatigue crack of the material:
(6) construction ofThe relation graph of the fatigue crack propagation threshold value of the test pieces 1-i along with the change of the defect size is obtained, and the threshold value is intercepted to be the casting hole initiation threshold value delta K according to the fatigue crack propagation threshold value curve of the test pieces 1-ith,iniThe corresponding defect size is the fatigue crack critical defect size.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the evaluation model of the fatigue-resistant hot isostatic pressing repair process for the cast high-temperature alloy is based on a fatigue crack propagation theory, and a small fatigue crack propagation curve of the cast high-temperature alloy is obtained; and taking the fatigue threshold value of the crack initiation of the casting defect as the standard for evaluating the hot isostatic pressing repair process. The model can obtain the size distribution of different defects of the cast high-temperature alloy repaired by different hot isostatic pressing, and the safety performance and the rationality of the hot isostatic pressing repair process are evaluated by quickly estimating the material defect expansion resistance. The model avoids the experience of simply estimating the process quality according to the material defect size, and provides a scientific basis for optimizing the hot isostatic pressing repair process. The model has clear thought and simple and quick calculation.
Detailed Description
The conception, the specific structure, and the technical effects produced by the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments below, so that the objects, the features, and the effects of the present invention can be fully understood. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, and all embodiments are within the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, all the coupling/connection relationships mentioned herein do not mean that the components are directly connected, but mean that a better coupling structure can be formed by adding or reducing coupling accessories according to specific implementation conditions. All technical characteristics in the invention can be interactively combined on the premise of not conflicting with each other.
Example 1
An evaluation model of an anti-fatigue hot isostatic pressing repair process for casting high-temperature alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) 1-3 same casting heights are takenThe method comprises the following steps of marking warm alloy test pieces as a test piece 1, a test piece 2 and a test piece 3, carrying out different hot isostatic pressing repair processes on the test pieces 1-3, and then carrying out ultrahigh cycle fatigue tests on the test pieces 1-3 by adopting an ultrasonic fatigue method, wherein the test frequency is 20 kHz; observing the shape and the size of the hole in the fatigue fracture source region by adopting a scanning electron microscope for the test pieces 1-3, and obtaining the maximum defect size a of the test pieces 1-3 after the hot isostatic pressing repairmax15 μm, 28 μm, 45 μm, respectively;
(2) taking the cast high-temperature alloy same as the cast high-temperature alloy in the step (1), marking the cast high-temperature alloy as a test piece 0, carrying out ultrasonic fatigue test on the test piece 0, wherein the test frequency is 20kHz, observing a fatigue fracture, and obtaining a cast hole initiation threshold value delta Kth,ini2.8 and effective threshold value delta K for fatigue crack propagation of the materialth,eff=1.5MPa·m1/2;
(3) And (3) determining the threshold value of the test piece 0 by adopting a step-by-step load reduction method, namely: keeping the load ratio unchanged, and ensuring that the load reduction rate of each stage does not exceed 10 percent until 10 percent6The propagation increment of the cracks in the cycle is not more than 0.1mm, and the long crack threshold value delta K of the material is measuredth,LC=8.5MPa·m1/2;
(4) The test piece 0 was subjected to a tensile test at a loading frequency of 0.0001s
-1Determination of tensile Strength σ of the Material
b960MPa and conservatively estimating the material fatigue limit
(5) Establishing fatigue crack propagation threshold value delta K of test piece 1-3th(Δ a) model:
ΔKth,LCthe fatigue long crack propagation threshold value is obtained;
Δ a is the material defect size;
a*the calculation formula is that the transition size of the material fatigue small crack and the material fatigue long crack is as follows:
a
0the calculation formula is the intrinsic size of the fatigue crack of the material:
(6) constructing a relation graph of the fatigue crack growth threshold value of the test pieces 1-3 along with the change of the defect size, and obtaining the cast hole growth threshold value delta K according to the fatigue crack growth threshold value curve of the test pieces 1-3th,ini=2.8MPa·m1/2The critical defect size of the fatigue crack is 32 um; comparing the maximum defect size after the hot isostatic pressing repair of the process 1, the process 2 and the process 3 with the critical defect size of the fatigue crack, and knowing that the maximum defect size after the hot isostatic pressing repair of the process 1 and the process 2 is less than 32um, the fatigue resistance of the material is met; and the maximum defect size after the hot isostatic pressing repair of the process 3 is larger than 32um, the fatigue resistance of the material is not satisfied.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the embodiments shown and described, but is capable of numerous equivalents and substitutions without departing from the spirit of the invention as set forth in the claims appended hereto.