CN108918390A - The device and method of mud film forming and measurement mud film amounts of consolidation, air inflow - Google Patents
The device and method of mud film forming and measurement mud film amounts of consolidation, air inflow Download PDFInfo
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- CN108918390A CN108918390A CN201810908804.XA CN201810908804A CN108918390A CN 108918390 A CN108918390 A CN 108918390A CN 201810908804 A CN201810908804 A CN 201810908804A CN 108918390 A CN108918390 A CN 108918390A
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- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 81
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920005479 Lucite® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005343 cylinder glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
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- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the device and method of a kind of mud film forming and measurement mud film amounts of consolidation, air inflow, described device includes：One cylindrical pressure room, the top of cylindrical pressure room are equipped with top cover that is openable or closing cylindrical pressure room, and top cover is equipped with the air inlet being connected with air pressure feeding mechanism, and the bottom of cylindrical pressure room is equipped with drainage hole；Drainage measuring device is connected by drainage pipeline with the drainage hole；The top that the indoor cylinder bottom of cylindrical pressure is located at drainage hole is equipped with the filter medium for simulated formation.The present invention for simulating the process of slurry penetration film forming in slurry shield excavation face indoors, and the consolidation and air inlet phenomenon that generate during holding one's breath to mud film carry out quantitative measurment respectively, evaluate to mud film quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to underground engineering fields, and mud film amounts of consolidation, air inflow are formed a film and measured more particularly to a kind of mud
Device and its test method.
Background technique
With the development of China's economy and scientific and technological level, subway tunnel, seepage tunnel and the large-scale construction for getting over the tunnel Jiang Hai
Thriving, the problems such as shield machine is commonly encountered cutterhead molding, tool wear in the tunneling process of underground, needs to shut down and open the cabin
The characteristics of operation such as maintenance, maintenance of frequently opening the cabin is China's shield tunnel construction.It is with pressure open the cabin technique due to it is applied widely, at
Open the cabin method of the characteristics of this is low, short time limit as mainstream.Technique with pressure of opening the cabin is permeated in excavation face using mud forms mud
Film maintains air pressure and the soil water pressure at excavation face both ends.The relationship between quality of mud film applied into the life security of cabin personnel with shield
Work is gone on smoothly, and the air-tightness of mud infiltration in the earth formation and mud film is simulated by laboratory test, with construction site into
Row assessment guidance, it is great to engineering significance.
With increasingly becoming larger for edpth of tunnel, the pressure of mud film two sides accordingly becomes larger, and mud film generates apparent consolidation draining
Phenomenon, and then influence the air inlet of mud film；Mud film is as porous media simultaneously, and air inlet does not occur then can effectively hold one's breath for a long time, mud
The inlet air conditions and charge volume of film have important references meaning to engineering.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention：To supply the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes mud film forming and measurement mud film amounts of consolidation, air inlet
The device and its test method of amount, not only analog mud permeates the process of film forming to the device in the earth formation, but also can test mud
The air-tightness of film, it is most important that the consolidation draining amount that mud film occurs during holding one's breath is tested with air inflow.
In order to achieve the above technical purposes, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that：
A kind of device of mud film forming and measurement mud film amounts of consolidation, air inflow, including：
One cylindrical pressure room, the top of cylindrical pressure room are equipped with top cover that is openable or closing cylindrical pressure room, and top cover is equipped with
The bottom of the air inlet being connected with air pressure feeding mechanism, cylindrical pressure room is equipped with drainage hole；
Drainage measuring device is connected by drainage pipeline with the drainage hole, and drainage pipeline is equipped with water discharging valve；
The top that the indoor cylinder bottom of cylindrical pressure is located at drainage hole is equipped with the filter medium for simulated formation, and the filtering is situated between
Matter includes：
Steel wire and the several layers geotextile layer being layed on steel wire；
The barrel of cylindrical pressure room bottom side is equipped with the side opening of exhaust.
The cylindrical pressure room includes：
Test cylinder：For the organic glass tubular structure of upper and lower opening, test cylinder top and bottom end respectively with flange seal
Connection；
One top cover is arranged on the flange of test cylinder top, and the two sides of top cover are upper and lower by screw rod fastener and test cylinder
The flange at both ends is fixedly connected, and the contact surface of the flange of top cover and test cylinder top is equipped with sealing ring；
One pedestal is connected to the flange base of the test cylinder lower end, the contact surface of pedestal and the flange of test cylinder bottom end
It is equipped with the concaveconvex structure of sealing, chassis interior is equipped with the drainage hole, and drainage hole passes through pipeline and drainage measuring device
Connection.
Base upper surface is equipped with groove, is followed successively by steel wire and geotextiles from below to up on groove.
The air pressure feeding mechanism is air compressor, and air compressor passes through admission line and cylindrical pressure ceiling portion
Air inlet is connected, and admission line is equipped with pressure regulator valve and air intake valve.
The drainage measuring device includes electronic balance and the steel ladle that is set on electronic balance, described to be filled with water
Bucket is equipped with the hole being connected with drainpipe described in the bottom of cylindrical pressure room.
Thickness, the moisture content of a kind of device forming a film and measure mud film amounts of consolidation, air inflow using the mud to mud film
The method being measured, includes the following steps：
1) it is laid with geotextiles on steel wire, replaces stratum using equivalent geotextiles, is determined and selected by stratum effective aperture
Geotextiles mesh number；
2) bottom drain holes of cylindrical pressure room are connected into water injection equipment, the filtering on bottom analog stratum into cylindrical pressure room
Reversely water filling is saturated in medium, after saturation, is removed water injection equipment, is closed water discharging valve, opens cylindrical pressure ceiling portion later
Top cover, the injection testing mud into cylindrical pressure room are close by the top for testing cylinder by top cover after test mud injection
Envelope；
3) air pressure feeding mechanism is opened, pressure, the pressure root of application are applied to the indoor test mud of cylindrical pressure by air pressure
It is determined according to the subsurface pressure condition in Practical Project, makes to test mud to the infiltration of geotextiles direction, after a period of time, test mud
Mud film is formed in Geotextile, opens ring flange lid, the laitance above mud film is sucked out with ear washing bulb, exposes mud film, by mud
Film takes out, and measures thickness with graduated scale, moisture content is surveyed in drying；
During the forming of mud film, water is toward flowing in drainage measuring device, per passing through drainage measuring device after a period of time
Primary to the quality record of drainage, pressure constantly increases, and drainage amount is being constantly increasing, and records drainage amount as scale using pressure and increases
Big process obtains the drainage variation in test slurry penetration film forming procedure.
A kind of device being formed a film and measured mud film amounts of consolidation, air inflow using the mud is to mud film during holding one's breath
The method that consolidation, air inflow are measured, includes the following steps：
A) it is laid with geotextiles on steel wire, replaces stratum using equivalent geotextiles, is determined and selected by stratum effective aperture
Geotextiles mesh number；
B) bottom drain holes of cylindrical pressure room are connected into water injection equipment, the filtering on bottom analog stratum into cylindrical pressure room
Reversely water filling is saturated in medium, after saturation, is removed water injection equipment, is closed water discharging valve, opens cylindrical pressure ceiling portion later
Top cover, the injection testing mud into cylindrical pressure room are close by the top for testing cylinder by top cover after test mud injection
Envelope；
C) air pressure feeding mechanism is opened, pressure, the pressure root of application are applied to the indoor test mud of cylindrical pressure by air pressure
It is determined according to the subsurface pressure condition in Practical Project, makes to test mud to the infiltration of geotextiles direction, after a period of time, test mud
Mud film is formed in Geotextile, opens ring flange lid, the laitance above mud film is sucked out with ear washing bulb, exposes mud film；
D) consolidation test：To step c）After mud film is formed, hermetically sealable film is fitted on the inner wall of cylindrical pressure room, opens gas
Feeding mechanism is pressed, face pressure is converted by air pressure and applies pressure to mud film, water is toward flowing in drainage measuring device, per after a period of time
Primary by quality record of the drainage measuring device to drainage, pressure constantly increases, and drainage amount is being constantly increasing, with pressure
The process that drainage amount increases is recorded for scale, when air pressure reaches P value, is obtained due to the filter that mud membrane pores volume reduces and generates
Water, referred to as " consolidation drainage amount "；
e）Air-tight Test：To step c）After mud film is formed, air pressure feeding mechanism is opened, pressure, water are applied to mud film by air pressure
It is flowed in toward drainage measuring device, per, the pressure primary to the quality record of drainage by drainage measuring device after a period of time
Constantly increase, it is the process that scale records the increase of drainage amount using pressure that drainage amount, which is being constantly increasing, when air pressure reaches and step
d）In same pressure value P when, obtain reducing due to mud membrane pores volume and air enter the drainage amount of mud membrane pores displacement, claim
For " drainage amount of holding one's breath "；
F) by step e）What Air-tight Test obtained hold one's breath, and drainage amount subtracts step d）The consolidation drainage amount that consolidation test obtains is
The drainage amount that mud film is generated due to air inlet is also the volume of air into mud film.
Hermetically sealable film in step d) is a tubular hermetically sealable film, the smooth closing in one end of tubular hermetically sealable film, the other end
Opening, described smooth one end of tubular hermetically sealable film are bonded with mud film, and membranous wall is bonded with the inner wall of cylindrical pressure room, passes through tubular pressure
Additional air is discharged in the side opening of power room bottom.
Step d）Part of the middle hermetically sealable film beyond test cylinder is counter to bind round on cylindrical pressure ceiling end, and will by top cover
Anti- hoop portion divides pinch seal.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：Mud seeps in the simple and easy simulation stratum of mud film formation device energy provided by the invention
The process to form a film thoroughly, and consolidation of mud film during holding one's breath, air inlet can be tested, the mud film process of holding one's breath is goed deep into
The research carefully seen effectively assesses mud film quality of holding one's breath with this, and relevant test method provided by the invention is simply easy
Row, it is scientific and effective.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of device in the present invention；
Wherein, 1, air compressor；2, pressure regulator valve；3, air inlet pipe；4, intake valve；5, top cover；6, flange A；7, cylinder is tested；8,
Side opening；9, flange B；10, pedestal；11, drain valve；12, hermetically sealable film；13, electronic balance；14, computer；15, geotextiles；15,
Steel wire；
Fig. 2 is test cylinder sectional view when carrying out consolidation test；
Fig. 3 is base vertical view；
Fig. 4 is test principle figure of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Combined with specific embodiments below, the present invention is furture elucidated, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention
Rather than limit the scope of the invention, after the present invention has been read, those skilled in the art are to various equivalences of the invention
The modification of form falls within the application range as defined in the appended claims.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique are appreciated that unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein（Including technology art
Language and scientific term）With meaning identical with the general understanding of those of ordinary skill in fields of the present invention.Should also
Understand, those terms such as defined in the general dictionary, which should be understood that, to be had and the meaning in the context of the prior art
The consistent meaning of justice, and unless defined as here, it will not be explained in an idealized or overly formal meaning.
The meaning of heretofore described "and/or" refers to that the case where respective individualism or both exists simultaneously wraps
Including including.
The meaning of heretofore described " inside and outside " refers to relative to equipment itself, the side inside sensing equipment
To in, on the contrary is outer.
When the meaning of heretofore described " left and right " refers to reader's face attached drawing, the left side of reader is a left side,
The right of reader is the right side.
The meaning of heretofore described " connection " can be between component be directly connected to be also possible to pass through between component
Other components are indirectly connected with.
The device of mud film forming and measurement mud film amounts of consolidation, air inflow as shown in Figure 1, including pressure feeding mechanism, examination
Test cylinder, drainage measuring device.The flange connecting with top cover is flange A, and the flange connecting with pedestal is flange B, the test
Cylinder is nested between flange A, flange B and is fixed by screw pre-tightening, there is sealing between flange and the barrel for having test cylinder
Rubber pad.Described flange A, B and top cover are passed through and are connected by 4 screw rods, and there are rubber pad in flange A and top cover contact position；Institute
It states flange B and pedestal and is passed through and connected by another group of 4 screw rods, have rubber pad at flange B and base contacts.
Intake valve on the top cover is bolted with air inlet pipe by rotation, and the PU that the air inlet pipe is internal diameter 4mm is managed.
Pressure feeding mechanism is sequentially connected and is constituted by air compressor 1, pressure regulator valve 2, air inlet pipe 3；It is organic for testing cylinder
Glass tubular construction, 7 internal diameter 12cm of lucite cylinder, high 14cm, wall thickness 1cm are nested between flange A6 and flange B9, and lead to
Screw pre-tightening is crossed to fix.
Lucite cylinder side wall sets side opening 8, for discharging the mud on mud film and the discharge when being bonded hermetically sealable film 12
Air between film and organic glass barrel.
Top cover 5 is connect by bolt with the flange A6 of cylinder side, and intake valve 4 is set on top cover 5, logical with pressure feeding mechanism
The connection of air inlet pipe 3 is crossed, tubular hermetically sealable film 12 identical with cylinder inboard wall diameter is fitted in test cylinder 7 by openable top cover 5
It is interior, hermetically sealable film 12 be tubular hermetically sealable film, diameter 12cm, the smooth closing in one end of tubular hermetically sealable film, another end opening, no
Part of the open end of ventilated membrane beyond test shell flange A6 is counter to bind round on flange, if the purpose of hermetically sealable film 12 is by pressure
The air pressure that feeding mechanism provides is converted into face pressure, makes mud film discharging consolidation.
Pedestal is connect by bolt with the flange B9 of the cylinder other side, and pedestal 10 is equipped with groove, and groove depth 3mm, there are 4
Groove, square crossing distribution are followed successively by two layers of steel wire, geotextiles on groove from below to up, steel wire screen distance 1mm, recessed
The effect of slot and steel wire is reserved water passage, while backing material of the steel wire as geotextiles, and geotextiles are as mud
The filter medium of infiltration is used for simulated formation；There are apertures for bottom portion of groove, are the entrance of chassis interior drainage channel, draining is logical
Road is connected with the drain valve 11 of base side.Drainage measuring device includes the electronic balance 12 that precision is 0.01g, is mounted with and day
The computer 13 of the flat logging software to match.
As the preferred embodiment of experimental rig of the present invention, the base groove depth 3mm, there are 4 grooves, square crossings point
Cloth, it is the entrance of chassis interior drainage channel, aperture and channel diameter 4mm that there are apertures for bottom portion of groove.
As the preferred embodiment of experimental rig of the present invention, the steel wire screen distance 1mm.
As the preferred embodiment of experimental rig of the present invention, the hermetically sealable film is tubular hermetically sealable film, diameter 12cm, tubular
The smooth closing in one end of hermetically sealable film, another end opening.
As the preferred embodiment of experimental rig of the present invention, the pressure feeding mechanism includes air compressor and air pressure
The connected pressure control unit of contracting machine, the air inlet pipe are connected with pressure control unit.
Thickness, the moisture content of a kind of device forming a film and measure mud film amounts of consolidation, air inflow using the mud to mud film
The method being measured, includes the following steps：
A) it is laid with geotextiles on steel wire, replaces stratum using equivalent geotextiles, is determined and selected by stratum effective aperture
Geotextiles mesh number；
B) bottom drain holes of cylindrical pressure room are connected into water injection equipment, the filtering on bottom analog stratum into cylindrical pressure room
Reversely water filling is saturated in medium, after saturation, is removed water injection equipment, is closed water discharging valve, opens cylindrical pressure ceiling portion later
Top cover, the injection testing mud into cylindrical pressure room are close by the top for testing cylinder by top cover after test mud injection
Envelope；
C) air pressure feeding mechanism is opened, pressure, the pressure root of application are applied to the indoor test mud of cylindrical pressure by air pressure
It is determined according to the subsurface pressure condition in Practical Project, makes to test mud to the infiltration of geotextiles direction, after a period of time, test mud
Mud film is formed in Geotextile, opens ring flange lid, the laitance above mud film is sucked out with ear washing bulb, exposes mud film, in mud
During film shapes, water is toward flowing in drainage measuring device, per after a period of time by drainage measuring device to drainage
Quality record is primary, and pressure constantly increases, and drainage amount is being constantly increasing, and records the mistake that drainage amount increases by scale of pressure
Journey obtains the drainage variation in test slurry penetration film forming procedure；
And infiltration film forming after mud film thickness, moisture content, specifically mud film is taken out, with graduated scale measure thickness, drying
Survey moisture content.
A kind of device being formed a film and measured mud film amounts of consolidation, air inflow using the mud is to mud film during holding one's breath
The method that consolidation, air inflow are measured, includes the following steps：
A) it is laid with geotextiles on steel wire, replaces stratum using equivalent geotextiles, is determined and selected by stratum effective aperture
Geotextiles mesh number；
B) bottom drain holes of cylindrical pressure room are connected into water injection equipment, the filtering on bottom analog stratum into cylindrical pressure room
Reversely water filling is saturated in medium, after saturation, is removed water injection equipment, is closed water discharging valve, opens cylindrical pressure ceiling portion later
Top cover, the injection testing mud into cylindrical pressure room are close by the top for testing cylinder by top cover after test mud injection
Envelope；
C) air pressure feeding mechanism is opened, pressure, the pressure root of application are applied to the indoor test mud of cylindrical pressure by air pressure
It is determined according to the subsurface pressure condition in Practical Project, makes to test mud to the infiltration of geotextiles direction, after a period of time, test mud
Mud film is formed in Geotextile, opens ring flange lid, the laitance above mud film is sucked out with ear washing bulb, exposes mud film；
D) consolidation test：To step c）After mud film is formed, hermetically sealable film is fitted on the inner wall of cylindrical pressure room, opens gas
Feeding mechanism is pressed, face pressure is converted by air pressure and applies pressure to mud film, water is toward flowing in drainage measuring device, per after a period of time
Primary by quality record of the drainage measuring device to drainage, pressure constantly increases, and drainage amount is being constantly increasing, with pressure
The process that drainage amount increases is recorded for scale, when air pressure reaches P value, is obtained due to the filter that mud membrane pores volume reduces and generates
Water, referred to as " consolidation drainage amount "；
e）Air-tight Test：To step c）After mud film is formed, air pressure feeding mechanism is opened, pressure, water are applied to mud film by air pressure
It is flowed in toward drainage measuring device, per, the pressure primary to the quality record of drainage by drainage measuring device after a period of time
Constantly increase, it is the process that scale records the increase of drainage amount using pressure that drainage amount, which is being constantly increasing, when air pressure reaches and step
d）In same pressure value P when, obtain reducing due to mud membrane pores volume and air enter the drainage amount of mud membrane pores displacement, claim
For " drainage amount of holding one's breath "；
F) by step e）What Air-tight Test obtained hold one's breath, and drainage amount subtracts step d）The consolidation drainage amount that consolidation test obtains is
The drainage amount that mud film is generated due to air inlet is also the volume of air into mud film.
As the preferred embodiment of test method of the present invention, the hermetically sealable film in step d) is a tubular hermetically sealable film, described
The smooth one end of tubular hermetically sealable film is bonded with mud film, and membranous wall is bonded with the inner wall of cylindrical pressure room, passes through cylindrical pressure room bottom
Side opening be discharged additional air.
As the preferred embodiment of test method of the present invention, step d）Part of the middle hermetically sealable film beyond test cylinder is counter to bind round
On cylindrical pressure ceiling end, and divide anti-hoop portion to pinch seal by top cover.
Test principle of the invention is：
In the gentle pressure of face pressure different variations can occur for mud film.It is then consolidated by face pressure, mud film meeting drainage, this part water is
Reduced by pore volume and is extruded.It is divided into two processes if by air pressure, when pressure ratio is lesser, due to pore water
The presence of surface tension, air will enter hole originally, but squeeze motionless, and at this moment, mud film is equivalent to by face pressure, is only occurred solid
Knot；When air pressure is sufficiently large, consolidation is still occurring, but air pressure overcomes surface tension, and pore water is pushed away to the inside
Dynamic, drainage amount is reduced by pore volume to be formed with air displacement two parts.
The pressuring method of two experiments is the same, the drainage amount when reaching same pressure of Air-tight Test and consolidation test
Subtract each other, when difference occurs in the two, illustrates that mud film enters air（For example, pressure, in 100kpa, the two difference is 0, increase to
When 110kPa, the two difference is not 0, then enter air）, pressure when air overcomes surface tension to enter hole is exactly air inlet
Value.
Claims (9)
1. the device of a kind of mud film forming and measurement mud film amounts of consolidation, air inflow, which is characterized in that including：
One cylindrical pressure room, the top of cylindrical pressure room are equipped with top cover that is openable or closing cylindrical pressure room, and top cover is equipped with
The bottom of the air inlet being connected with air pressure feeding mechanism, cylindrical pressure room is equipped with drainage hole；
Drainage measuring device is connected by drainage pipeline with the drainage hole, and drainage pipeline is equipped with water discharging valve；
The top that the indoor cylinder bottom of cylindrical pressure is located at drainage hole is equipped with the filter medium for simulated formation, and the filtering is situated between
Matter includes：
Steel wire and the several layers geotextile layer being layed on steel wire；
The barrel of cylindrical pressure room bottom side is equipped with the side opening of exhaust.
2. the device of mud film forming according to claim 1 and measurement mud film amounts of consolidation, air inflow, which is characterized in that institute
Stating cylindrical pressure room includes：
Test cylinder：For the organic glass tubular structure of upper and lower opening, test cylinder top and bottom end respectively with flange seal
Connection；
One top cover is arranged on the flange of test cylinder top, and the two sides of top cover are upper and lower by screw rod fastener and test cylinder
The flange at both ends is fixedly connected, and the contact surface of the flange of top cover and test cylinder top is equipped with sealing ring；
One pedestal is connected to the flange base of the test cylinder lower end, the contact surface of pedestal and the flange of test cylinder bottom end
It is equipped with the concaveconvex structure of sealing, chassis interior is equipped with the drainage hole, and drainage hole passes through pipeline and drainage measuring device
Connection.
3. the device of mud film forming according to claim 2 and measurement mud film amounts of consolidation, air inflow, which is characterized in that bottom
Seat upper surface is equipped with groove, is followed successively by steel wire and geotextiles from below to up on groove.
4. the device of mud film forming according to claim 1 and measurement mud film amounts of consolidation, air inflow, which is characterized in that institute
Stating air pressure feeding mechanism is air compressor, and air compressor passes through the air inlet phase of admission line and cylindrical pressure ceiling portion
Even, admission line is equipped with pressure regulator valve and air intake valve.
5. the device of mud film forming according to claim 1 and measurement mud film amounts of consolidation, air inflow, which is characterized in that institute
State the steel ladle that drainage measuring device includes electronic balance and is set on electronic balance, the steel ladle be equipped with
The connected hole of drainpipe described in the bottom of cylindrical pressure room.
6. a kind of device pair using such as the mud film forming any in claim 1 ~ 5 and measurement mud film amounts of consolidation, air inflow
The method that thickness, the moisture content of mud film are measured, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
1) it is laid with geotextiles on steel wire, replaces stratum using equivalent geotextiles, is determined and selected by stratum effective aperture
Geotextiles mesh number；
2) bottom drain holes of cylindrical pressure room are connected into water injection equipment, the filtering on bottom analog stratum into cylindrical pressure room
Reversely water filling is saturated in medium, after saturation, is removed water injection equipment, is closed water discharging valve, opens cylindrical pressure ceiling portion later
Top cover, the injection testing mud into cylindrical pressure room are close by the top for testing cylinder by top cover after test mud injection
Envelope；
3) air pressure feeding mechanism is opened, pressure, the pressure root of application are applied to the indoor test mud of cylindrical pressure by air pressure
It is determined according to the subsurface pressure condition in Practical Project, makes to test mud to the infiltration of geotextiles direction, after a period of time, test mud
Mud film is formed in Geotextile, opens ring flange lid, the laitance above mud film is sucked out with ear washing bulb, exposes mud film, by mud
Film takes out, and measures thickness with graduated scale, moisture content is surveyed in drying；
During the forming of mud film, water is toward flowing in drainage measuring device, per passing through drainage measuring device after a period of time
Primary to the quality record of drainage, pressure constantly increases, and drainage amount is being constantly increasing, and records drainage amount as scale using pressure and increases
Big process obtains the drainage variation in test slurry penetration film forming procedure.
7. a kind of device pair using such as the mud film forming any in claim 1 ~ 5 and measurement mud film amounts of consolidation, air inflow
The method that consolidation, air inflow of the mud film during holding one's breath are measured, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
A) it is laid with geotextiles on steel wire, replaces stratum using equivalent geotextiles, is determined and selected by stratum effective aperture
Geotextiles mesh number；
B) bottom drain holes of cylindrical pressure room are connected into water injection equipment, the filtering on bottom analog stratum into cylindrical pressure room
Reversely water filling is saturated in medium, after saturation, is removed water injection equipment, is closed water discharging valve, opens cylindrical pressure ceiling portion later
Top cover, the injection testing mud into cylindrical pressure room are close by the top for testing cylinder by top cover after test mud injection
Envelope；
C) air pressure feeding mechanism is opened, pressure, the pressure root of application are applied to the indoor test mud of cylindrical pressure by air pressure
It is determined according to the subsurface pressure condition in Practical Project, makes to test mud to the infiltration of geotextiles direction, after a period of time, test mud
Mud film is formed in Geotextile, opens ring flange lid, the laitance above mud film is sucked out with ear washing bulb, exposes mud film；
D) consolidation test：To step c）After mud film is formed, hermetically sealable film is fitted on the inner wall of cylindrical pressure room, opens gas
Feeding mechanism is pressed, face pressure is converted by air pressure and applies pressure to mud film, water is toward flowing in drainage measuring device, per after a period of time
Primary by quality record of the drainage measuring device to drainage, pressure constantly increases, and drainage amount is being constantly increasing, with pressure
The process that drainage amount increases is recorded for scale, when air pressure reaches P value, is obtained due to the filter that mud membrane pores volume reduces and generates
Water, referred to as " consolidation drainage amount "；
e）Air-tight Test：To step c）After mud film is formed, air pressure feeding mechanism is opened, pressure, water are applied to mud film by air pressure
It is flowed in toward drainage measuring device, per, the pressure primary to the quality record of drainage by drainage measuring device after a period of time
Constantly increase, it is the process that scale records the increase of drainage amount using pressure that drainage amount, which is being constantly increasing, when air pressure reaches and step
d）In same pressure value P when, obtain reducing due to mud membrane pores volume and air enter the drainage amount of mud membrane pores displacement, claim
For " drainage amount of holding one's breath "；
F) by step e）What Air-tight Test obtained hold one's breath, and drainage amount subtracts step d）The consolidation drainage amount that consolidation test obtains is
The drainage amount that mud film is generated due to air inlet is also the volume of air into mud film.
8. according to claim 7 mud film forming and measurement mud film amounts of consolidation, air inflow device to mud film in the process of holding one's breath
In consolidation, the method that is measured of air inflow, it is characterised in that：Hermetically sealable film in step d) is a tubular hermetically sealable film,
The smooth closing in one end of tubular hermetically sealable film, another end opening, described smooth one end of tubular hermetically sealable film are bonded with mud film, membranous wall
It is bonded with the inner wall of cylindrical pressure room, additional air is discharged by the side opening of cylindrical pressure room bottom.
9. according to claim 7 mud film forming and measurement mud film amounts of consolidation, air inflow device to mud film in the process of holding one's breath
In consolidation, the method that is measured of air inflow, it is characterised in that：Step d）Part of the middle hermetically sealable film beyond test cylinder is anti-
Hoop divides anti-hoop portion to pinch seal on cylindrical pressure ceiling end, and through top cover.
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