CN108918335B - Device and method for rapidly measuring water content of filament-ball-shaped object - Google Patents
Device and method for rapidly measuring water content of filament-ball-shaped object Download PDFInfo
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- CN108918335B CN108918335B CN201810974452.8A CN201810974452A CN108918335B CN 108918335 B CN108918335 B CN 108918335B CN 201810974452 A CN201810974452 A CN 201810974452A CN 108918335 B CN108918335 B CN 108918335B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device for rapidly measuring the water content of a filament-like object, which comprises a shell, a lower heating chamber, an upper heating chamber, a heating chamber heater, a sample support, a weighing mechanism, an air preheater and a controller. The device comprises a bowl-shaped lower heating chamber and an inverted bowl-shaped upper heating chamber, wherein the bowl-shaped lower heating chamber and the inverted bowl-shaped upper heating chamber are surrounded to form a heating space, the middle part of the bowl-shaped lower heating chamber is inclined, a reflective film is arranged on the inner wall of the bowl-shaped lower heating chamber, a heating chamber heater is positioned in the middle of the top of the upper heating chamber, a switching power supply is used for supplying power, a to-be-measured silk-ball-shaped object is placed on a net-shaped sample support, the top of the sample support is positioned in the heating space, supporting legs of the sample support penetrate; and a method for rapidly measuring the water content of the filament mass by measuring the water loss amount of the filament mass in a specified time period using the device for rapidly measuring the water content of the filament mass.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for rapidly measuring the water content of a filament-like mass.
Background
The moisture content of an object can affect its quality and storage, particularly for food products and the like. However, at present, in mass production, the moisture content of an object can only be detected by adopting a sampling inspection mode, and because the internal and external moisture contents of the object dried on a production line are inconsistent, generally, only a dehydration measurement method can be adopted, namely, the object loses moisture through long-time radiation heating, the moisture content is obtained by dividing the mass of the lost moisture by the initial mass, the measurement time is long, the quality control of a product is very unfavorable, and a device and a method capable of quickly measuring the moisture content of the object are urgently needed in production.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a device capable of quickly measuring the water content of a filament-mass object.
The mechanism of action and the innovation of this patent lie in to the silk ball form object, like the powder spinning cake, because its inside is porous, when heating, if in radiant heating, in addition the convection heat transfer mode, then can inside and outside concurrent heating to can improve heating efficiency, simultaneously, in order to measure the whole moisture content of silk ball form object, the infrared ray that radiant heating used will be can heat silk ball form object from each not equidirectional.
Meanwhile, according to experience, at the same stage in the heating process, the water loss amount of the filament dough-like objects with different water contents is different, the water loss amount of the filament dough-like objects with high water contents is large, and vice versa. And finding out the relation between the water loss amount and the water content of the filamentous massive object in a specified time period in the heating process through experiments. Accordingly, the moisture content of the filamentous massive object can be rapidly measured by measuring the water loss of the filamentous massive object in a specified time period.
The water loss of the filamentous massive object in a specified time period in the heating process is also related to the initial mass of the filamentous massive object, in order to eliminate the influence of different initial masses on the measurement result, a normalized water loss is adopted, and the normalized water loss is equal to the water loss of the filamentous massive object divided by the initial mass of the filamentous massive object and multiplied by a constantkConstant ofkAny value may be used as long as each measurement is consistent.
After the convection heating mode is introduced, the temperature of the air flowing into the measuring device also has an influence on the measurement of the normalized water loss amount, and in order to eliminate the influence of the temperature of the air flowing into the measuring device on the measurement result, the air flowing into the measuring device is preheated at a constant temperature by the air preheater.
Meanwhile, the sensitivity of a weighing sensor in the measuring device is high, and the surrounding air flow can generate large influence on the weighing result, so that a wind shield is additionally arranged at the air inlet of the air preheater.
The technical scheme for solving the problems is as follows:
the utility model provides a device of rapid survey silk form object moisture content, includes shell, lower heating chamber, goes up heating chamber, heating chamber heater, sample support, weighing mechanism, air heater and controller.
The top of the sample holder is net-shaped to allow air to pass through, and the sample holder has more than 3 vertical legs.
The air preheater comprises an air preheater shell, an air preheating heater support and an air preheating temperature sensor, wherein the air preheater shell is provided with a straight-through inlet and an outlet, the air preheating heater is installed inside the air preheater shell through the air preheating heater support, the air preheating temperature sensor is installed on one side of the outlet of the air preheater shell, the air preheating temperature sensor and the air preheating heater are both connected to a temperature controller to control the temperature of air flowing out of the outlet of the air preheater shell, and a heat insulation layer is arranged on the inner surface of the air preheater shell, such as aluminum silicate ceramic fiber cloth.
The air preheater comprises an air preheater shell, and is characterized in that a wind shield is arranged on one side of an inlet of the air preheater shell, the wind shield is provided with a bottom surface and a side surface, the bottom surface of the wind shield is parallel to the inlet cross section of the air preheater shell but has a larger size, a space is reserved between the bottom surface and the side surface, and the side surface of the wind shield extends from the bottom surface to the direction of the air preheater shell and exceeds the inlet cross section of the air preheater shell. The windshield is capable of shielding air flowing directly to the air preheater housing inlet from directly in front of and to the sides of the air preheater housing inlet, but allowing air to bypass the windshield and pass to the air preheater housing inlet.
The lower heating chamber is bowl-shaped and comprises a lower heating chamber top, a lower heating chamber bottom and a lower heating chamber middle part, the size of the outer side of the lower heating chamber bottom is smaller than that of the inner side of the lower heating chamber top, the upper end of the lower heating chamber middle part is connected with the inner side of the lower heating chamber top, the bottom end of the lower heating chamber middle part is connected with the outer side of the lower heating chamber bottom, an opening is arranged in the lower heating chamber middle part, and the opening is connected with an outlet of the air preheater shell and is.
The bottom of the lower heating chamber is provided with leg holes, and the number of the leg holes is the same as that of the legs of the sample support; in the horizontal direction, when the sample holder is placed at the middle position of the lower heating chamber, the position of the leg hole is the same as that of the leg of the sample holder; the size of the supporting leg hole is slightly larger than that of the supporting leg of the sample support; the legs of the sample holder are placed through the leg holes on the weighing mechanism located below.
The upper heating chamber is inverted bowl-shaped and comprises an upper heating chamber top, an upper heating chamber bottom and an upper heating chamber middle part, the size of the outer side of the upper heating chamber top is smaller than the size of the inner side of the upper heating chamber bottom, the upper end of the upper heating chamber middle part is connected with the outer side of the upper heating chamber top, the bottom end of the upper heating chamber is connected with the inner side of the upper heating chamber bottom, the upper heating chamber top is provided with a ventilation hole, and the bottom of the upper heating chamber can be tightly connected with.
The heating chamber heater can be a linear heater or a circular heater and is fixed in the middle position of the top end in the upper heating chamber.
The housing includes a housing ceiling plate having a hole having a size slightly larger than that of the upper end of the middle portion of the lower heating chamber but smaller than that of the outer side of the top portion of the lower heating chamber, through which the bottom of the lower heating chamber and the lower side of the middle portion of the lower heating chamber pass, and the lower heating chamber is fixed to the housing ceiling plate through the top portion of the lower heating chamber.
The housing further includes a housing side plate having a hole therein to allow the air preheater connected to the middle portion of the lower heating chamber to pass therethrough.
The housing also includes a housing bottom plate for securing the weighing mechanism and the controller.
The inner surfaces of the middle part of the lower heating chamber, the bottom of the lower heating chamber, the top of the upper heating chamber and the middle part of the upper heating chamber are sequentially provided with a heat insulation layer and a reflective film, and the reflective film is used for reflecting visible light and infrared rays emitted by a heater of the heating chamber.
The weighing mechanism comprises a weighing sensor, a weighing support, a weighing heat insulation plate, an upper cushion block and a lower cushion block, two threaded holes are respectively formed in two sides of the weighing sensor, the upper cushion block is located between the weighing support and the weighing sensor and provided with two holes, the weighing support is fixed to one side of the weighing sensor by penetrating through the holes in the upper cushion block through two screws, the weighing support is located above the weighing sensor, the lower cushion block is located between the weighing sensor and a shell bottom plate and provided with two holes, the weighing support is fixed to the other side of the weighing sensor, and the weighing sensor is fixed to the shell bottom plate through penetrating through the holes in the lower cushion block through the screws.
The weighing heat-insulating plate is made of heat-insulating materials and fixed above the weighing support, a blind hole is formed in the upper portion of the weighing heat-insulating plate, the number of the blind holes is equal to the number of the support legs of the sample support, the size of the blind hole is slightly larger than that of the support legs of the sample support but smaller than that of the support leg holes in the bottom of the lower heating chamber, the support legs of the sample support penetrate through the support leg holes and then just fall into the blind holes in the weighing heat-insulating plate, the support legs of the sample support are not in contact with the support leg holes, the top of the sample support is located in a space formed by the upper heating chamber and the lower heating chamber, and a small gap is formed.
And a hinge is arranged on the upper heating chamber and the shell, so that the upper heating chamber can rotate around a rotating shaft of the hinge to separate or close the upper heating chamber from the lower heating chamber, the to-be-measured filament cluster object can be placed on the sample support during separation, and the bottom of the upper heating chamber is in contact with and aligned with the top of the lower heating chamber during closing, so that the moisture content can be measured.
Further, the controller comprises a computer, a weighing sensor signal processing module, a relay module, a switching power supply, a display and a keyboard. The weighing sensor signal processing module is respectively connected with the weighing sensor and the computer, and is used for amplifying the output signal of the weighing sensor, performing analog-to-digital conversion and transmitting a digital signal to the computer; the switching power supply is used for providing a stable power supply for the heating chamber heater, and measurement errors caused by unstable voltage of an alternating current power supply are avoided; the computer controls the on-off of the heater of the heating chamber and the switching power supply through the relay module; the keyboard and the display realize human-computer interaction, the keyboard and the display are both connected with the computer, and the keyboard comprises a start button used for starting the device.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further technical scheme is that: the switching power supply can provide a stable power supply for the heating chamber heater, and automatic measurement can be realized by applying the controller.
The invention also relates to a method for rapidly measuring the water content of the filament-mass object, which adopts the device for rapidly measuring the water content of the filament-mass object to carry out measurement.
Before starting the measurement, a time periodt:t 1≤t<t 2At the time period, the normalized water loss amount of the silk ball objectWsWith the water content thereofHHas relevance.
WsThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:Ws=k*(m 1–m 2)/m 0in the formula, constantkAny value can be taken as long as each measurement is consistent,m 0is the initial mass of the filamentary dough before heating is initiated,m 1andm 2respectively at the moment of the wire-ball-shaped objectt 1Andt 2the mass of (a) of (b),kandm 0、m 1andm 2in the same units, e.g. in grams (g) if allk=100g, thenWsIs that 100g of said silk ball-like object is held during a period of timet:t 1≤t<t 2The amount of water lost in the water.
Establishing the normalized water loss of the silk ball-shaped object through experimentsWsWith the water content thereofHThe corresponding relation of (1):H=f(Ws)。
and secondly, turning on a power supply of the device for rapidly measuring the water content of the filament-like objects, starting the air preheater to work, and preheating for a period of time to stabilize the system.
The measuring process specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: rotating the upper heating chamber to separate the upper heating chamber from the lower heating chamber, placing the to-be-measured silk-mass object on the sample support, and rotating the upper heating chamber to close the upper heating chamber and the lower heating chamber;
step 2: the computer circularly detects and displays the quality of the silk ball-shaped object, after the quality display is stable, the computer presses the start button, and the computer records the quality of the silk ball-shaped object before measurementm 0；
And step 3: the computer controls the heating chamber heater to be switched on by the relay module to start heating by the switching power supply and starts timing the heating time at the same time;
and 4, step 4: when the heating time reaches the starting time of the time periodt 1The computer records the mass of the filamentary dough at the beginning of the time periodm 1；
And 5: when the heating time reaches the end of the time periodt 2The computer records the mass of the filamentary dough at the end of the time periodm 2；
Step 6: the computer calculates the normalized water loss in the time period as follows:Ws=k*(m 1–m 2)/m 0and further calculating the water content of the silk ball-shaped object:H=f(Ws) And sending the data to a display for display;
and 7: the computer controls the heater of the heating chamber to cut off the switch power supply through the relay module, and heating is stopped.
The beneficial effect of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme is: and measuring the water content of the filamentous mass object by measuring the normalized water loss of the filamentous mass object in the time period without completely drying the filamentous mass object, thereby realizing the rapid measurement of the water content of the filamentous mass object.
In the device for rapidly measuring the water content of the filamentous cluster object, the bottom end of the middle part of the upper heating chamber inclines outwards, the upper end of the middle part of the lower heating chamber inclines outwards, and the inner surfaces of the middle part of the lower heating chamber, the bottom of the lower heating chamber, the top of the upper heating chamber and the middle part of the upper heating chamber are provided with reflecting films which can reflect visible light and infrared rays emitted by a heater of the heating chamber, so that radiation heating can be carried out from different directions; in addition, a convection heat transfer mode is introduced in the heating process, and for the porous filament mass, water loss is performed on the whole, so that the measured water content is the whole water content of the filament mass.
Compared with the traditional water loss measurement method, the device and the method for rapidly measuring the water content of the filament cluster object have the advantages that the measurement time is short, and the influence of the measurement process on the quality of the measured filament cluster object is small; compared with indirect measurement methods such as indirectly measuring the moisture content by measuring the resistance of a measured object, the device and the method for rapidly measuring the moisture content of the filamentous mass object have the advantage of wide measurement range, for example, vermicelli cakes with the moisture contents of 6.53 and 15.19 are successfully measured by the embodiment of the invention, and the measurement of the filamentous mass object with the lower moisture content or the higher moisture content can be realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an apparatus for rapidly measuring moisture content of a filamentous cluster object according to an embodiment of the present invention (in a state where an upper heating chamber is separated from a lower heating chamber).
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the apparatus for rapidly measuring the moisture content of the filamentous cluster object according to the embodiment of the present invention (the upper heating chamber and the lower heating chamber are closed).
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of an apparatus for rapidly measuring water content of a filament mass (including a heating chamber heater 10) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of load cell 8-1 in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view schematically showing the structure of the weighing mechanism 8 in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a direct view schematic diagram of the structure of the weighing mechanism 8 in the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a partial structure of an apparatus for rapidly measuring water content of a filamentous cluster object according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a direct view schematic diagram of a partial structure of the device for rapidly measuring the water content of the filament-mass object in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the housing 1 in the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the left air preheater 3 and the right air preheater 9 of the embodiment of the present invention, in which the top of the left air preheater housing 3-1 of the left air preheater 3 is removed and the right air preheater housing 9-1 and the right windshield 9-6 of the right air preheater 9 are removed for clarity of the internal construction.
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a temperature control system for an air preheater in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of load cell signal processing module 12 in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a structure of the controller 13 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the drawings, the component names represented by the respective reference numerals are listed as follows: 1. the device comprises a shell, 2, a lower heating chamber, 3, a left air preheater, 4, a filament cluster object, 5, an upper heating chamber, 6, a hinge, 7, a sample support, 8, a weighing mechanism, 9, a right air preheater, 10, a heating chamber heater, 11, a heating chamber heater support, 12, a weighing sensor signal processing module, 13 and a controller.
1-1 parts of shell top plate, 1-2 parts of shell side plate, 1-3 parts of shell bottom plate.
2-1, the top of the lower heating chamber, 2-2, the middle of the lower heating chamber, 2-3, the bottom of the lower heating chamber, 2-4, an air preheater connecting hole, 2-5 and a support leg hole.
3-1 parts of a left air preheater shell, 3-2 parts of a left air preheating heater, 3-3 parts of a left air preheating heater bracket, 3-4 parts of a left heat dissipation plate, 3-5 parts of a left temperature sensor, 3-6 parts of a left windshield, 3-7 parts of a left temperature controller.
5-1, the top of the upper heating chamber, 5-2, the middle of the upper heating chamber, 5-3 and the bottom of the upper heating chamber.
8-1 parts of a weighing sensor, 8-2 parts of a weighing support, 8-3 parts of a weighing heat insulation plate, 8-4 parts of an upper cushion block, 8-5 parts of a lower cushion block.
8-1-1, connecting the weighing sensor with a threaded hole of the bottom plate of the shell, and 8-1-2, connecting the weighing sensor with a threaded hole of the weighing bracket.
9-1 parts of right air preheater shell, 9-2 parts of right air preheating heater, 9-3 parts of right air preheating heater bracket, 9-4 parts of right heat dissipation plate, 9-5 parts of right temperature sensor, 9-6 parts of right wind shield and 9-7 parts of right temperature controller.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 to 13, the apparatus for rapidly measuring the moisture content of a filamentous cluster object of the present invention includes a housing 1, a lower heating chamber 2, an upper heating chamber 5, a heating chamber heater 10, a sample holder 7, a weighing mechanism 8, a left air preheater 3, a right air preheater 9, and a controller 13.
The top of the sample support 7 is reticulated to allow air to pass through, and the sample support 7 has 4 vertically oriented legs.
As shown in fig. 7, 10 and 11, the left air preheater 3 includes a left air preheater housing 3-1, a left air preheating heater 3-2, a left air preheating heater bracket 3-3, a left heat dissipating plate 3-4, a left air preheating temperature sensor 3-5, a left windshield 3-6 and a left temperature controller 3-7, the left air preheater housing 3-1 has a through inlet and outlet, the left air preheating heater 3-2 is installed inside the left air preheater housing 3-1 through the left air preheating heater bracket 3-3, the left heat dissipating plate 3-4 has three pieces, which are fixed on the left air preheating heater 3-2, and have a plurality of vent holes thereon, the left air preheating temperature sensor 3-5 is installed on one side of the outlet of the left air preheater housing 3-1, the left air preheating temperature sensor 3-5 and the left air preheating heater 3-2 are connected to the left temperature controller 3-7 to control the temperature of air flowing out of the outlet of the left air preheater shell 3-1, and an aluminum silicate ceramic fiber cloth heat insulation layer is adhered to the inner surface of the left air preheater shell 3-1.
And a left wind shield 3-6 is arranged on one side of the inlet of the left air preheater shell 3-1, the left wind shield 3-6 is provided with a rectangular bottom surface and a side surface, the bottom surface of the left wind shield 3-6 is parallel to the inlet cross section of the left air preheater shell 3-1, but has a larger size, a distance is reserved between the bottom surface and the inlet cross section, and the side surface of the left wind shield 3-6 extends from the bottom surface to the left air preheater shell 3-1 and exceeds the inlet cross section of the left air preheater shell 3-1. The left windshield 3-6 is capable of shielding air flowing directly to the inlet of the left air preheater housing 3-1 from directly in front of and laterally to the inlet of the left air preheater housing 3-1, but allowing air to bypass the left windshield 3-6 and be directed to the inlet of the left air preheater housing 3-1.
The right air preheater 9 has the same structure as the left air preheater 3.
The left air preheating temperature sensor 3-5 and the right air preheating temperature sensor 9-5 are both K-type thermocouples, the left air preheating heater 3-2 and the right air preheating heater 9-2 are both resistive heaters, the power is 1000W, and the target temperatures of the left temperature controller 3-7 and the right temperature controller 9-7 are set to be slightly higher than the ambient temperature, which is set to be 30 ℃ in this embodiment.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the lower heating chamber 2 is bowl-shaped and comprises three parts of a lower heating chamber top 2-1, a lower heating chamber bottom 2-3 and a lower heating chamber middle part 2-2, the lower heating chamber top 2-1 is ring-shaped, the lower heating chamber bottom 2-3 is round, the lower heating chamber middle part 2-2 is hollow round table-shaped, the size of the outer side of the lower heating chamber bottom 2-3 is smaller than the size of the inner side of the lower heating chamber top 2-1, the upper end of the lower heating chamber middle part 2-2 is connected with the inner side of the lower heating chamber top 2-1, the bottom end is connected with the outer side of the lower heating chamber bottom 2-3, two openings 2-4 are arranged at the left side and the right side of the lower heating chamber middle part 2-2, the left side opening 2-4 is connected with the outlet, the right side opening 2-4 is connected to the outlet of the right side air preheater housing 9-1 and secures the right side air preheater 9.
The bottom 2-3 of the lower heating chamber is provided with four leg holes 2-5, and when the sample support 7 is placed at the middle position of the lower heating chamber 2 in the horizontal direction, the positions of the leg holes 2-5 are the same as the positions of the legs of the sample support 7; the size of the leg hole 2-5 is slightly larger than that of the leg of the sample support 7; the legs of the sample holder 7 are placed through the leg holes 2-5 on the weighing means 8 located below.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the upper heating chamber 5 is in an inverted bowl shape and comprises three parts, namely an upper heating chamber top part 5-1, an upper heating chamber bottom part 5-3 and an upper heating chamber middle part 5-2, wherein the upper heating chamber top part 5-1 is circular, the upper heating chamber bottom part 5-3 is circular, the upper heating chamber middle part 5-2 is in a hollow round platform shape, the size of the outer side of the upper heating chamber top part 5-1 is smaller than the size of the inner side of the upper heating chamber bottom part 5-3, the upper end of the upper heating chamber middle part 5-2 is connected with the outer side of the upper heating chamber top part 5-1, the bottom end of the upper heating chamber top part is connected with the inner side of the.
The bottom 5-3 of the upper heating chamber can be tightly jointed with the top 2-1 of the lower heating chamber.
As shown in fig. 3, the heating chamber heater 10 is a circular ring-shaped infrared quartz heating tube having a rated power of 1200W, and is fixed to the middle position of the top end inside the upper heating chamber 5 by a heating chamber heater holder 11.
As shown in fig. 1, 7 and 9, the housing 1 includes a housing ceiling 1-1, and a hole having a size slightly larger than that of the upper end of the lower heating chamber middle part 2-2 but smaller than that of the outer side of the lower heating chamber top part 2-1 is formed in the housing ceiling 1-1, through which a bottom part 2-3 of the lower heating chamber and the lower side of the lower heating chamber middle part 2-2 pass, and the lower heating chamber 2 is fixed to the housing ceiling 1-1 through the lower heating chamber top part 2-1.
As shown in fig. 1, 7 and 9, the housing 1 further includes a housing side plate 1-2, and holes are formed in the housing side plate 1-2 to allow the left air preheater 3 and the right air preheater 9 connected to the middle portion 2-2 of the lower heating chamber to pass therethrough.
As shown in fig. 5, 8, 9 and 13, the housing 1 further comprises a housing floor 1-3 for holding the weighing mechanism 8 and the controller 13.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 7, an aluminum silicate ceramic fiber cloth heat-insulating layer and an aluminum reflective film are sequentially arranged on the inner surfaces of the middle part 2-2 of the lower heating chamber, the bottom part 2-3 of the lower heating chamber, the top part 5-1 of the upper heating chamber and the middle part 5-2 of the upper heating chamber, the aluminum reflective film is used for reflecting visible light and infrared rays emitted by the heater 10 of the heating chamber, the aluminum silicate ceramic fiber cloth heat-insulating layer is adhered to a base material by using an adhesive, and the aluminum reflective film is also adhered to the aluminum silicate ceramic fiber cloth heat-insulating layer by using the adhesive.
As shown in FIGS. 4-8, the weighing mechanism 8 comprises a weighing sensor 8-1, a weighing bracket 8-2, a weighing thermal insulation board 8-3, an upper cushion 8-4 and a lower cushion 8-5, two threaded holes 8-1-1 and 8-1-2 are respectively arranged on two sides of the weighing sensor 8-1, the upper cushion 8-4 is positioned between the weighing bracket 8-2 and the weighing sensor 8-1 and is provided with two holes, the weighing bracket 8-2 is fixed on one side of the weighing sensor 8-1 by penetrating two screws through the holes on the upper cushion 8-4, the weighing bracket 8-2 is positioned above the weighing sensor 8-1, the lower cushion 8-5 is positioned between the weighing sensor 8-1 and a bottom plate 1-3 of the shell and is provided with two holes, and a screw penetrates through a hole on the lower cushion block 8-5 to fix the weighing sensor 8-1 on the bottom plate 1-3 of the shell on the other side of the weighing bracket 8-2 fixed on the weighing sensor 8-1.
The weighing sensor 8-1 is a strain gauge type pressure sensor, four strain gauges are arranged in the weighing sensor, the weighing sensor is connected into an electric bridge, and after an excitation power supply is connected, the output signal of the electric bridge reflects the pressure.
The four weighing heat insulation plates 8-3 are made of wood and are fixedly bonded above the weighing support 8-2 by woodwork glue, a blind hole is formed in the middle of the upper portion of the weighing heat insulation plate 8-3, the size of the blind hole is larger than that of a supporting leg of the sample support 7 and smaller than that of a supporting leg hole 2-5 in the bottom 2-3 of the lower heating chamber, the supporting leg of the sample support 7 passes through the supporting leg hole 2-5 and then just falls into the blind hole in the weighing heat insulation plate 8-3, the supporting leg of the sample support 7 is not in contact with the supporting leg hole 2-5, the top of the sample support 7 is located in a space formed by the upper heating chamber 5 and the lower heating chamber 2, and a small gap is formed between the upper surface of the weighing heat insulation plate 8-3 and the lower surface of the.
A hinge 6 is mounted on the upper heating chamber 5 and the housing 1, so that the upper heating chamber 5 can rotate around the rotating shaft of the hinge 6 to separate or close the upper heating chamber 5 from the lower heating chamber 2, when the upper heating chamber is separated, the to-be-measured filamentous object 4 can be placed on the sample support 7, and when the upper heating chamber is closed, the bottom 5-3 of the upper heating chamber is in contact with and aligned with the top 2-1 of the lower heating chamber, and the moisture content measurement can be carried out.
As shown in fig. 12 and 13, the controller 13 includes a computer, a load cell signal processing module 12, a relay module, a switching power supply, a display, and a keyboard. The computer adopts an STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer; the weighing sensor signal processing module 12 selects an HX711 electronic scale special signal processing module, the internal part of the weighing sensor signal processing module comprises a voltage regulator, a low-noise programmable amplifier and a 24-bit analog-to-digital converter, the output of the voltage regulator provides an excitation power supply for an electric bridge in the weighing sensor 8-1, the output of the electric bridge is connected to the low-noise programmable amplifier for signal amplification, then the electric bridge is converted into a digital quantity through the 24-bit analog-to-digital converter, and a conversion result is transmitted to a computer through two signals of a serial clock SCK and a serial data SDA; the power of the switching power supply is 1200W, the output voltage is 110V, the switching power supply is used for providing a stable power supply for the heating chamber heater 10, the measurement error caused by the unstable voltage of the alternating current power supply is avoided, and the actual heating power of the heating chamber heater 10 is about 300W as the power supply voltage is reduced to half of the rated voltage of the heating chamber heater 10; the computer controls the heating chamber heater 10 to be connected or disconnected with the switch power supply through the relay module; the keyboard and the display realize human-computer interaction, and the keyboard comprises a start button.
The invention also relates to a method for rapidly measuring the water content of the filament-mass object, which adopts the device for rapidly measuring the water content of the filament-mass object to carry out measurement.
The mass of the mass 4 in this example is about 60 g of a cake of spun yarn.
Before starting the measurement, a time periodt:t 1≤t<t 2During which time the normalized water loss of the filament mass 4 isWsWith the water content thereofHThe correlation of (A) is better.
In the present embodiment, the time period is from 5 th minute to 9 th minute after the start of heating, that is, the time periodt 1=240s，t 2=540s。
WsThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:Ws=k*(m 1–m 2)/m 0in the formula, constantkThe value is 100g, and the weight is,m 0is the initial mass of the filamentary mass 4 before starting heating,m 1andm 2respectively, of the filament mass 4 at a timet 1Andt 2the mass of (a) of (b),Wshas the physical meaning that 100g of the silk ball-like object 4 is held in a period of timet:t 1≤t<t 2The amount of water lost in the water.
Taking four samples, and experimentally measuring the results thereof (Ws,H) Data were (1005, 6.53%), (1415, 7.79%), (2558, 13.63%) and (2885, 15.19%) respectively, and fitting gaveWsAndHthe relationship between:H=k*Ws+bin the formulakAndbin order to calibrate the coefficients for the device,k=4.74*10-5，b=0.0147，Wsin units of milligrams (mg).
And secondly, turning on a power supply of the device for rapidly measuring the water content of the filament-shaped objects, starting the air preheaters 3 and 9 to work, and preheating for a period of time to stabilize the system.
The measuring process specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: rotating the upper heating chamber 5 to separate the upper heating chamber 5 from the lower heating chamber 2, placing the to-be-measured filament mass 4 on the sample support 7, and rotating the upper heating chamber 5 to close the upper heating chamber 5 and the lower heating chamber 2;
step 2: the computer circularly detects and displays the quality of the silk-like dough object 4, after the quality display is stable, the start button is pressed, and the computer records the quality of the silk-like dough object 4 before measurementm 0；
And step 3: the computer controls the heating chamber heater 10 to switch on the switch power supply to start heating through the relay module, and simultaneously starts timing the heating time;
and 4, step 4: when the heating time reaches the starting time of the time periodt 1The computer records the mass of the filamentary dough 4 at the beginning of the time periodm 1；
And 5: when the heating time reaches the end of the time periodt 2The computer records the mass of the filamentary dough 4 at the end of the time periodm 2；
Step 6: computer calculating time periodt:t 1≤t<t 2Normalized water loss in }:Ws=k*(m 1–m 2)/m 0and calculating the water content of the filamentous massive object 4:H=k*Ws+band sending the data to a display for display;
and 7: the computer controls the heating chamber heater 10 to cut off the switch power supply through the relay module, and heating is stopped.
The heating temperature of the cake is not too high when measured, otherwise charring discoloration may occur. The measurement by the traditional water loss measurement method takes about 120 minutes, and after the measurement is finished, the vermicelli loses flexibility and strength and is crushed into powder by slight touch, which belongs to destructive measurement. The device and the method for rapidly measuring the water content of the silk-like mass only need 10 minutes for one measurement, greatly improve the measurement speed and do not damage the appearance and the quality of the silk noodles.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (4)
1. A device for rapidly measuring the water content of a filament-mass object is characterized by comprising a shell, a lower heating chamber, an upper heating chamber, a heating chamber heater, a sample support, a weighing mechanism, an air preheater and a controller;
the top of the sample support is net-shaped, and the sample support is provided with more than 3 supporting legs in the vertical direction;
the air preheater comprises an air preheater shell, an air preheating heater and an air preheating temperature sensor, the air preheating heater is arranged in the air preheater shell, the air preheating temperature sensor is arranged on one side of an outlet of the air preheater shell, the air preheating temperature sensor and the air preheating heater are both connected to a temperature controller, and a wind shield is arranged on one side of an inlet of the air preheater shell;
the lower heating chamber is bowl-shaped and comprises a heating chamber top, a heating chamber bottom and a heating chamber middle part, the size of the outer side of the lower heating chamber bottom is smaller than the size of the inner side of the lower heating chamber top, the upper end of the lower heating chamber middle part is connected with the inner side of the lower heating chamber top, the bottom end of the lower heating chamber middle part is connected with the outer side of the lower heating chamber bottom, an opening is arranged in the lower heating chamber middle part and is connected with an outlet of the air preheater shell, a supporting leg hole is formed in the lower heating chamber bottom, and a supporting leg of the sample support;
the upper heating chamber is inverted bowl-shaped and comprises an upper heating chamber top, an upper heating chamber bottom and an upper heating chamber middle part, the size of the outer side of the upper heating chamber top is smaller than the size of the inner side of the upper heating chamber bottom, the upper end of the upper heating chamber middle part is connected with the outer side of the upper heating chamber top, the bottom end of the upper heating chamber is connected with the inner side of the upper heating chamber bottom, the upper heating chamber top is provided with a ventilation hole, the bottom of the upper heating chamber can be tightly jointed with the top of the lower heating chamber, and the heating;
the shell comprises a shell top plate, a shell side plate and a shell bottom plate, wherein a hole is formed in the shell top plate, the hole is penetrated by the bottom of the lower heating chamber and the lower side of the middle part of the lower heating chamber, the lower heating chamber is fixed on the shell top plate through the top of the lower heating chamber, a hole is formed in the shell side plate to allow a left air preheater and a right air preheater connected to the middle part of the lower heating chamber to pass through, and the shell bottom plate is used for fixing the weighing mechanism and the;
furthermore, the upper heating chamber and the shell are provided with hinges, so that the upper heating chamber can rotate around the rotating shaft of the hinges, and the upper heating chamber and the lower heating chamber can be separated or closed;
the inner surfaces of the middle part of the lower heating chamber, the bottom of the lower heating chamber, the top of the upper heating chamber and the middle part of the upper heating chamber are sequentially provided with a heat insulation layer and a reflective film;
the weighing mechanism comprises a weighing sensor, a weighing support and a weighing heat-insulating plate, wherein the weighing support is fixed on one side of the weighing sensor, the weighing heat-insulating plate is fixed on the bottom plate of the shell, a blind hole is formed in the upper part of the weighing support, a supporting leg of the sample support passes through the supporting leg hole and then just falls into the blind hole in the weighing heat-insulating plate, and the supporting leg of the sample support is not in contact with the supporting leg hole;
the controller comprises a computer, a weighing sensor signal processing module, a relay module, a switching power supply, a display and a keyboard, wherein the weighing sensor signal processing module comprises an amplifier and an analog-to-digital converter, the weighing sensor signal processing module is respectively connected with a weighing sensor and the computer, the switching power supply is connected to the heating chamber heater through the relay module, the computer controls the heating chamber heater to be connected with or disconnected from the switching power supply through the relay module, the keyboard and the display are both connected with the computer, and the keyboard comprises a start button and is used for starting the device.
2. A method for rapidly measuring the water content of a filament mass, characterized in that the device for rapidly measuring the water content of a filament mass according to claim 1 is used to measure the water content of a filament mass.
3. The method for rapidly measuring water content of a silk lumpy object according to claim 2, wherein a time period for rapid determination is first determined experimentally before starting the measurementt:t 1≤t<t 2At the time period, the normalized water loss amount of the silk ball objectWsWith the water content thereofHHas better correlation, establishes the normalized water loss amount of the silk ball-shaped objectWsWith the water content thereofHThe corresponding relation of (1):H=f(Ws) Normalized water lossWsIs a period of timet:t 1≤t<t 2Dividing the water loss of the filamentous object by its initial mass and multiplying by a constantk。
4. The method for rapidly measuring the water content of the filament mass according to claim 3, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: placing the silk-like object to be detected on a sample support;
step 2: pressing a start button, the computer records the pre-measurement mass of the clustersm 0；
And step 3: the computer controls the heater of the heating chamber to be switched on and switched on the switching power supply to start heating, and simultaneously starts timing the heating time;
and 4, step 4: when the heating time reaches the starting time of the time periodt 1The computer records the mass of the filamentary dough at the beginning of the time periodm 1；
And 5: when the heating time reaches the end of the time periodt 2The computer records the mass of the filamentary dough at the end of the time periodm 2；
Step 6: the computer calculates the normalized water loss of the silk ball object in the time period:Ws=k*(m 1–m 2)/m 0and calculating the water content of the silk ball-shaped object:H=f(Ws) And sending the data to a display for display;
and 7: the computer controls the heater of the heating chamber to cut off the switch power supply and stop heating.
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