CN108917959B - Atmosphere reverse radiation test system - Google Patents
Atmosphere reverse radiation test system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108917959B CN108917959B CN201810437430.8A CN201810437430A CN108917959B CN 108917959 B CN108917959 B CN 108917959B CN 201810437430 A CN201810437430 A CN 201810437430A CN 108917959 B CN108917959 B CN 108917959B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- radiation
- temperature
- flat plate
- atmosphere
- plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/02—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01K13/02—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring temperature of moving fluids or granular materials capable of flow
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01K13/02—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring temperature of moving fluids or granular materials capable of flow
- G01K13/024—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring temperature of moving fluids or granular materials capable of flow of moving gases
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Testing Resistance To Weather, Investigating Materials By Mechanical Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an atmosphere inverse radiation testing system which mainly comprises a flat plate and a testing device. The testing device comprises a thermocouple, a data acquisition instrument, an anemoscope and a solar radiation tester. The parameters obtained by the test of the test device are combined with a given calculation formula to obtain the atmosphere reverse radiation and the sky effective temperature. The test system solves the problem that the current atmosphere reverse radiation test is difficult, simultaneously makes up the defects of the existing water tank test method, and has the advantages of wider application range and simple operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of measurement, and can be used for measuring atmospheric reverse radiation and sky effective temperature.
Background
The atmosphere has a certain temperature due to absorption of radiant energy. The atmosphere radiates energy outwards by virtue of the temperature of the atmosphere, namely the atmosphere radiation. One part of atmospheric radiation upwards dissipates in the universe space and has very important significance in determining the atmospheric climate of the earth; the downward long-wave radiation of the whole atmosphere, namely the reverse radiation of the atmosphere, is called the reverse radiation of the atmosphere for short. The atmospheric reverse radiation is very important in the building field (passive cooling, solar heat collector efficiency and building energy conservation), and has very important significance in many other fields. For example, in the field of meteorology, prediction of total amount of soil moisture evaporation and transpiration loss, prediction of snow melting speed, prediction of surface temperature, prediction of frost occurrence, and the like; in the agricultural field, the effect of atmospheric back radiation on plant growth, and the like.
Atmospheric back radiation can generally be measured directly or indirectly by a ground radiometer (radiometer) or by a radiometer (radiometer), but these instruments are often very expensive, easily damaged, and must be calibrated regularly during use. At present, all weather stations at home and abroad have no monitoring data of the atmospheric reverse radiation, so the measured data about the atmospheric reverse radiation is very little.
Therefore, students adopt an indirect measurement method to acquire real-time atmosphere reverse radiation data. Clark and Allen used an open water tank as a long wave transmitter to measure atmospheric reverse radiation by measuring the net radiation between the sky and the water surface. The method can only be used for measuring the atmosphere inverse radiation at night because the instrument for measuring the net radiation only measures the long-wave net radiation between the atmosphere inverse radiation and the water surface at night, and the existence of the solar radiation enables the measured data of the net radiation meter to comprise not only the long-wave radiation but also the short-wave radiation. In addition, in cold regions, the method is not suitable when the water surface is frozen. Afterwards, Tang Dynasty also used an open water tank method to test atmospheric back radiation. Based on the heat balance of the water tank, atmospheric inverse radiation data are acquired by measuring the evaporation rate and the water surface temperature of water in the water tank. By the method, the atmospheric reverse radiation data of Israel regions are obtained. This method is similarly limited by climatic conditions. For example: in high temperature and high humidity areas, the water surface evaporation is almost zero, and conversely, the moisture in the air may be condensed into the water. In addition, since the influencing factors of the daytime evaporation rate include solar radiation, the atmospheric reverse radiation test method proposed by the users is only applicable to the time without solar radiation at night.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides an atmosphere reverse radiation testing system which is not influenced by weather and climate, and can be used for measuring atmosphere reverse radiation in the white days and atmosphere reverse radiation at night.
The basic idea of the invention is as follows: the flat surface is sky, and the heat transfer of the upper surface mainly comprises four parts, namely solar radiation q absorbed by the upper surfacesolHeat transfer q from the lower surface to the upper surfacecondAmbient to top surface convective heat transfer qconvAnd long wave net radiation q of the upper surface and skynlwr. According to the heat balance principle, long-wave net radiation of the upper surface and the sky can be calculated by only obtaining solar radiation heat absorbed by the upper surface, heat conduction quantity of the upper surface and convection heat exchange quantity of the upper surface and air through technical means, and further atmosphere reverse radiation can be calculated.
In order to achieve the technical purpose and achieve the technical effect, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the atmosphere reverse radiation testing system is characterized by comprising a flat plate and a testing device, wherein the testing device comprises a temperature tester, an air speed tester and a solar radiation tester; the size, the structure and the thermal conductivity, the solar radiation absorptivity and the thermal radiation emissivity of the flat plate are known; the testing device can continuously acquire the temperature of the upper surface and the lower surface of the flat plate, the air temperature, the wind speed and the total solar radiation data. The atmosphere inverse radiation can be calculated according to the formula (1):
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,q ADR is the reverse radiation of the atmosphere, W/m2α is the heat radiation absorption rate of the upper surface of the flat plate;the emissivity of the upper surface of the plate is sigma the Boltzmann constant, 5.6697 × 10-8，W/m2·K4；T up Is the temperature of the upper surface of the plate, K;T down is the temperature of the lower surface of the plate, K;λthe heat conductivity of the flat plate, W/m.K;is the thickness of the flat plate, m;Pis the plate perimeter, m;Sis the surface area of the plate, m2；VIs wind speed, m/s;F a the natural convection coefficient is obtained, when the temperature of the upper surface of the flat plate is higher than the air temperature, the value is 1.51, and otherwise, the value is 0.76;T db is the temperature of the air, and is,K；αsolis the solar radiation absorptivity of the upper surface of the flat plate;I G is the total solar radiation intensity in the horizontal plane, W/m2。
The effective sky temperature can be further obtained according to the formula (2):
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,T sky is the effective sky temperature, K.
The invention has the advantages that: the atmosphere reverse radiation testing method based on the flat plate and the meteorological parameters has the advantage of wide application range. The solar energy heat collecting device is not only suitable for night time, but also can be used in the daytime, is not limited by weather conditions, is suitable for sunny days and cloudy days, and is also not limited by weather conditions, namely, can be used in high-temperature high-humidity and cold regions. The device is simple to maintain, overcomes the defects of high cost, fragility and the like of the existing atmosphere reverse radiation testing instrument, and provides a new way for the current atmosphere reverse radiation testing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an atmospheric reverse radiation testing system according to the present invention; wherein 1: a flat upper surface; 2: a lower surface of the plate; 3: a flat plate support frame; 4: a thermocouple; 5: a data acquisition instrument; 6: a solar radiation tester; 7: wind speed tester. Fig. 2 is the result of the atmospheric reverse radiation test in the summer of the adult population. Fig. 3 shows the results of the atmospheric reverse radiation test in the winter season.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in the following with reference to the drawings and examples so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and can implement the present invention, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, the atmospheric reverse radiation testing system comprises a flat plate and a testing device, wherein the testing device comprises a thermocouple, a data acquisition instrument, an anemoscope and a solar radiation tester. The geometric dimension of the flat plate is 3.6m by 2.7m, the thickness is 75mm, the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.05W/m.k, the solar radiation absorptivity of the upper surface of the flat plate is 0.7, and the thermal radiation emissivity and the thermal radiation absorptivity are both 0.9. 2 temperature measuring points are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the flat plate, and the average value of the two temperature measuring points represents the temperature of the corresponding surface; the parameters tested by the instrument also include total solar radiation on the horizontal plane, dry bulb temperature and wind speed.
It should be noted that: the panels in the test system should be placed in an open position, such as a roof, so that the effect of ambient radiation on the panels is negligible.
After the required time-by-time data are collected, the time-by-time atmosphere reverse radiation intensity can be obtained through the formula (1), and the time-by-time sky effective temperature can be further obtained according to the formula (2).
Claims (3)
1. The atmosphere reverse radiation testing method is characterized in that the atmosphere reverse radiation testing method is carried out by utilizing an atmosphere reverse radiation testing system, and the atmosphere reverse radiation testing system consists of a flat plate and a testing device;
the testing device comprises a thermocouple, a data acquisition instrument, an air speed tester and a solar radiation tester, and can continuously acquire the temperature of the upper surface and the lower surface of the flat plate, the air temperature, the air speed and the solar radiation data;
wherein the plate has a known size, configuration and material thermal conductivity, solar absorptivity and emissivity;
the atmosphere reverse radiation testing method is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula, qADRIs the atmospheric reverse radiation with the unit of W/m2α is the heat radiation absorptivity of the upper surface of the flat plate, the heat radiation emissivity of the upper surface of the flat plate is 0.9 compared with α, and the sigma is the Boltzmann constant, and the value is 5.6697 × 10-8In the unit of W/m2·K4；TupIs the temperature of the upper surface of the plate in K; t isdownIs the temperature of the lower surface of the plate in units of K; lambda is the thermal conductivity of the plate, and the unit is W/m.K; is the thickness of the flat plate, and the unit is m; p is the plate perimeter in m; s is the surface area of the plate in m2(ii) a V is wind speed, and the unit is m/s; faThe natural convection coefficient is 1.51 when the temperature of the upper surface of the flat plate is higher than the air temperature, and is 0.76 otherwise; t is0Is the air temperature in K αsolIs the solar radiation absorptivity of the upper surface of the flat plate; i isGIs the total solar radiation intensity in the horizontal plane in W/m2。
2. The atmospheric reverse radiation test method of claim 1, wherein the flat plate is formed of one material or a combination of materials.
3. The atmospheric reverse radiation test method of claim 1, by which an effective sky temperature is determined, the effective sky temperature being calculated according to the following equation:
Tsky＝(qADR/σ)1/4
in the formula, TskyIs the effective sky temperature in K.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810437430.8A CN108917959B (en) | 2018-05-09 | 2018-05-09 | Atmosphere reverse radiation test system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810437430.8A CN108917959B (en) | 2018-05-09 | 2018-05-09 | Atmosphere reverse radiation test system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108917959A CN108917959A (en) | 2018-11-30 |
| CN108917959B true CN108917959B (en) | 2020-10-02 |
Family
ID=64403708
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810437430.8A Active CN108917959B (en) | 2018-05-09 | 2018-05-09 | Atmosphere reverse radiation test system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108917959B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109540339B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2023-09-26 | 中国科学院大气物理研究所 | Device for analyzing influence of radiation on atmospheric temperature measurement of high-altitude balloon platform |
| CN110887572B (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2021-03-09 | 中国船舶工业系统工程研究院 | Temperature measurement-based boss device for inversion of solar radiation |
| CN111487283B (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-09-22 | 宁波瑞凌新能源科技有限公司 | Radiation refrigeration power measuring device and system |
| CN115165955B (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2023-06-16 | 浙江大学 | Ground material albedo testing method and system based on heat change |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8124937B2 (en) * | 2009-01-15 | 2012-02-28 | Raytheon Company | System and method for athermal operation of a focal plane array |
| CN103175864A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2013-06-26 | 江苏省建筑工程质量检测中心有限公司 | Environment state infrared comprehensive quick tester and corresponding test method |
| CN103278479B (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2015-03-18 | 中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所 | Atmospheric radiation transmission correction system and correction method |
| CN205940641U (en) * | 2016-08-20 | 2017-02-08 | 福建省恒创环保科技有限公司 | Air quality on -line monitoring system |
| CN107907568A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-04-13 | 临泉县文献建材有限公司 | A kind of composite tile heat insulating property test device and its method |
-
2018
- 2018-05-09 CN CN201810437430.8A patent/CN108917959B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108917959A (en) | 2018-11-30 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108917959B (en) | Atmosphere reverse radiation test system | |
| Blad et al. | Measurement of crop temperature by leaf thermocouple, infrared thermometry and remotely sensed thermal imagery 1 | |
| Liu et al. | Full-scale measurements of convective coefficient on external surface of a low-rise building in sheltered conditions | |
| Yang et al. | Study on the local climatic effects of large photovoltaic solar farms in desert areas | |
| Stone et al. | Estimating evapotranspiration using canopy temperatures: field evaluation | |
| Parmele et al. | Micrometeorological measurement of pesticide vapor flux from bare soil and corn under field conditions | |
| Zhang et al. | Predicting the microclimate inside a greenhouse: an application of a one-dimensional numerical model in an unheated greenhouse | |
| Bello et al. | The effect of weather variability on the energy balance of a lake in the Hudson Bay Lowlands, Canada | |
| Zhao et al. | Accumulated snow layer influence on the heat transfer process through green roof assemblies | |
| Kaseke et al. | A method for direct assessment of the “non rainfall” atmospheric water cycle: input and evaporation from the soil | |
| Betts et al. | Near‐surface climate in the boreal forest | |
| Waggoner et al. | Temperature of potato and tomato leaves | |
| Albright et al. | In situ thermal calibration of unventilated greenhouses | |
| Colaizzi et al. | Advances in a two-source energy balance model: Partitioning of evaporation and transpiration for cotton | |
| Roxy et al. | Soil heat flux and day time surface energy balance closure at astronomical observatory, Thiruvananthapuram, south Kerala | |
| Hannah et al. | Spatio–temporal variation in microclimate, the surface energy balance and ablation over a cirque glacier | |
| Lourence et al. | Energy Balance and Water Use of Rice Grown in the Central Valley of California 1 | |
| Clothier et al. | Measured and estimated evapotranspiration from well-watered crops | |
| Bian et al. | Measurements of turbulence transfer in the near-surface layer over the southeastern Tibetan Plateau | |
| Fuchs et al. | Effects of ventilation on the energy balance of a greenhouse with bare soil | |
| Figuerola et al. | Evapotranspiration under advective conditions | |
| Zhilin et al. | Statistical analysis and comparative study of energy balance components estimated using micrometeorological techniques during HUBEX/IOP 1998/99 | |
| Miyazaki et al. | Abrupt seasonal changes of surface climate observed in Northern Mongolia by an automatic weather station | |
| Lingen et al. | Observational estimation of heat budgets on drifting ice and open water over the Arctic Ocean | |
| MacHattie | Radiation screens for air temperature measurement |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |