CN108915177A - A kind of stair that the architectural engineering based on screw drive uses - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to stairway art field more particularly to a kind of stair that the architectural engineering based on screw drive uses, it includes stair tread, telescopic baffle, regulating mechanism, check of staircase, and two regulating mechanisms are separately mounted in two check of staircases；Four stair treads being fitted between two check of staircases by two regulating mechanisms respectively；A telescopic baffle is separately installed between two adjacent stair treads in four stair treads；In normal state, stair tread is in horizontality to the stair that the present invention designs, and in this case, which can use as normal stair；When there is disabled person's seat wheelchair to want to go upstairs, by adjusting the swing of stair tread so that multiple stair treads form a smooth bevel；People can push wheelchair to walk above, so that wheelchair passes through stair, have preferable using effect.

Description

A kind of stair that the architectural engineering based on screw drive uses

Technical field

The invention belongs to stairway art field more particularly to a kind of stair that the architectural engineering based on screw drive uses.

Background technique

Stair are facilities indispensable in multi-storey building building, and stair mainly have cement step stair, wooden step building at present Ladder or metal step stair etc., but regardless of that stair, it is all that ladder type is step-like, due to the presence of its structure itself Limitation, when upper and lower stair, pedestrian can only step by step up or get off, be for this people normal for body Completely can with, but for people action inconvenient for lower limb, they are ridden instead of walk using wheelchair, thus can not going up or down stairway, Even normal person, when their articles of luggage truck or luggage etc in tow, on the stair of this step up and down It is more laborious；So designing, one kind not only can be used normally but also the stair that can be walked for wheelchair be necessary.

The present invention design a kind of stair that the architectural engineering based on screw drive uses solve the problems, such as it is as above.

Summary of the invention

To solve drawbacks described above in the prior art, the present invention discloses what a kind of architectural engineering based on screw drive used Stair, it adopts the following technical solutions to realize.

A kind of stair that the architectural engineering based on screw drive uses, it is characterised in that：It includes stair tread, flexible gear Plate, regulating mechanism, front apron, rear baffle, check of staircase, circular shaft bore, shaft hole, guide groove, driving trunnion, the first trunnion, The inside of middle check of staircase is cavity, is provided with guide groove on one side in check of staircase, is provided with guide groove on one side in check of staircase, The guide direction of guide groove is along at 25 degree of angles, being provided with circular shaft on the trailing flank of check of staircase between check of staircase bottom surface Hole, check of staircase, which is not provided on the one side of guide groove, to be opened there are four shaft hole, four shaft holes from top to bottom along with stair side Board bottom face is at 25 degree of direction equidistantly distributeds；Two check of staircases are symmetrically mounted on ground and are provided on two check of staircases The side of shaft hole faces each other；Rear baffle is mounted between two check of staircases, and is located at the rear end of two check of staircases；Afterwards Baffle is flushed close to the top of step and rear baffle with step surface；Front apron is mounted between two check of staircases, and is located at The front end of two check of staircases；Front apron is located on the downside of ground, and the top of front apron is flushed with ground；Two regulating mechanisms It is separately mounted in two check of staircases；Driving trunnion, stair tread are horizontally installed on the middle position of stair tread bottom surface The rear end of bottom surface symmetrically install there are two the first trunnion；Four stair treads pass through the cooperation with two regulating mechanisms respectively It is mounted between two check of staircases；One is separately installed in four stair treads between two adjacent stair treads to stretch Baffle；Telescopic baffle cooperates with corresponding two stair treads.

Above-mentioned regulating mechanism includes threaded rod, driving mechanism, driving disk, fixes support, thread bush, rack gear, guide block, One end of middle threaded rod is mounted on the inside of check of staircase by fixed support, and the other end of threaded rod passes through institute on check of staircase The circular shaft bore opened is located on the outside of check of staircase；Driving disk is mounted on one end that threaded rod is located on the outside of check of staircase；Screw thread The side of set is equipped with guide block, and four thread bush pass through the guide groove opened in guide block and check of staircase mounted thereto respectively It is fitted on the inside of check of staircase, four are to be threadedly engaged between thread bush and threaded rod；Rack gear is mounted on four thread bush Downside；Four driving mechanisms are equidistantly uniformly mounted to stair at 25 degree of directions along with check of staircase bottom surface from top to bottom Side plate interior sides.

Above-mentioned driving mechanism includes the first limit plate, snap-gauge, the second driving gear, the first driving gear, adjusts shell, resets Spring, supporting block, drive shaft, regulating wheel, teeth, gear shaft, guide block, sliding block, scroll spring, the first inclined-plane, the second inclined-plane, Positive stop strip, wherein the both ends of gear shaft are fixedly mounted in check of staircase on two sides；Second driving gear is mounted on gear shaft One end, second driving wheel and rack engagement；There are one section of teeth, regulating wheel does not have teeth on the periphery of regulating wheel Snap-gauge is installed on periphery；Regulating wheel is mounted on the other end of gear shaft；Two the first limit plates are mounted in stair and do not open Have on the one side of guide groove, at 30 degree of angles between two the first limit plates；It is installed in two the first limit plates and regulating wheel Snap-gauge cooperation；It adjusts shell to be made of U-shaped guiding shell, connecting plate and guide plate, on the two sides of U-shaped guiding shell symmetrically There are two positive stop strip, two connecting plates to be symmetrically mounted on the downside end face on U-lag top in U-shaped guiding shell for installation, and two Guide plate is symmetrically mounted on two connecting plates, and the lower end for adjusting shell is sealed end；It adjusts shell and building is mounted on by supporting block Terraced side plate interior sides；The upper end of sliding block leading flank is provided with round hole, and sliding block is fitted to adjusting by guide pad and guide groove In the U-shaped guiding shell of shell, to be slidably matched between sliding block and adjusting shell, and sliding block will not skid off adjusting shell；Sliding block be mounted on Adjust two positive stop strips cooperation in shell；Reset spring, one end of reset spring are installed between sliding block and the bottom surface for adjusting shell It is mounted on the bottom surface for adjusting shell, the other end of reset spring is mounted on sliding block；On the middle position of drive shaft have pair Two the first inclined-planes and two symmetrical second inclined-planes claimed, two the first inclined-planes and two the second inclined-planes correspond, and two At 31 degree of angles between first inclined-plane and corresponding second inclined-plane, one end of drive shaft is mounted on the round hole opened on sliding block It is interior, it is rotatably assorted between drive shaft and sliding block；Two of the first inclined-plane and the second inclined-plane and adjusting shell in drive shaft The guide groove cooperation of guide plate composition；Under original state, the parallel surface of two the first inclined-planes composition and two guide plates for adjusting shell The two sides of the guide groove of composition correspond coplanar；Scroll spring is installed between drive shaft and sliding block；First driving gear It is mounted on the other end of drive shaft；In the initial state, one of them first limit plate and adjusting in two the first limit plates The snap-gauge installed on wheel is engaged, when regulating wheel rotates counterclockwise 30 degree, in two the first limit plates another The snap-gauge installed on one limit plate and regulating wheel is engaged；The teeth in regulating wheel continue to nibble with the first driving gear at this time It closes.

The two drive shafts connection corresponding with two regulating mechanisms respectively of the both ends of drive shaft, stair tread is by thereon Driving trunnion and drive shaft cooperation be fixedly mounted on the driving shaft.

The upper end of above-mentioned telescopic baffle passes through a stair tread in pin and two neighboring stair tread positioned at upside The downside for being fitted to the stair tread for two the first trunnions that downside is installed, the lower end of telescopic baffle passes through revolute pair It is mounted in two neighboring stair tread on the wide end surface of a stair tread of downside.

In the initial state, the teeth in regulating wheel with first driving gear not in contact with.

The elastic force of above-mentioned scroll spring is greater than the elastic force of reset spring.

As the further improvement of this technology, above-mentioned telescopic baffle includes flexible inner panel, flexible outside plate, wherein flexible outside plate A stair tread of the upper end by being located at upside in pin and two neighboring stair tread on the downside of installed two first The downside for being fitted to the stair tread of trunnion；The upper end nesting of flexible inner panel is mounted on the inside of flexible outside plate, is stretched interior The lower end of plate is mounted in two neighboring stair tread on the wide end surface of a stair tread of downside by revolute pair.

As the further improvement of this technology, above-mentioned drive shaft is mounted on the round hole opened on sliding block by bearing It is interior.

As the further improvement of this technology, above-mentioned reset spring is compressed spring.

As the further improvement of this technology, the elastic force of above-mentioned scroll spring is 2 times of the elastic force of reset spring, effect It is so that the resistance of stair tread rotation is greater than the resistance moved down；Preferably prevent people from passing through stair and stepping on partially When from stair tread middle position, stair tread is rotated.

As the further improvement of this technology, the above-mentioned alternative for being four as stair tread is five or six.

In the present invention in normal use process, when people set foot on stair, one can be applied to stair tread downwards Pressure, when the pressure is located at stair tread middle position, stair tread will move down under the effect of the pressure；Stair Pedal, which moves down, to drive position under the action of the driving trunnion and corresponding drive shaft being mounted on corresponding stair tread Drive shaft in the stair tread two sides moves down；Two drive shafts, which move down, drives corresponding two sliding blocks downward It is mobile；During two drive shafts move down, when two the first inclined-planes in two drive shafts and shell is adjusted The guide groove of two guide plates composition is once engaged, and drive shaft will be along the guide groove for the two guide plates composition for adjusting shell It moves down, in moving process, when sliding block is contacted with two positive stop strips being mounted in adjusting shell, two positive stop strips will Sliding block is stuck, prevent it from continuing to move down, stair tread remains static at this time, and people can pass through, in building During terraced pedal moves down, the amplitude that stair tread moves down is smaller, will not affect greatly to pedestrian；That is people By stair and when stepping down in the middle position of stair tread, stair tread can be moved downwards by a small margin, and the amplitude is not Pedestrian can be affected greatly.When the pressure deviates stair tread middle position, which will make staircase boards have tool There is a rotary force around drive shaft rotation, so that stair tread has the trend of rotation；But due to the bullet of scroll spring Power be greater than reset spring elastic force, stair tread rotation resistance be greater than the resistance moved down, so stair tread by When to downward pressure, which first can make stair tread move down before driving stair tread is rotated；Stair are stepped on Plate, which moves down to drive under the action of the driving trunnion and corresponding drive shaft being mounted on corresponding stair tread, to be located at The drive shaft of the stair tread two sides moves down；Two drive shafts, which move down, drives corresponding two sliding blocks to moving down It is dynamic；During two drive shafts move down, when two of two the first inclined-planes and adjusting shell in two drive shafts The guide groove of a guide plate composition is once engaged, two guide plates of two drive shafts on two the first inclined-planes and adjusting shell The ability of rotation is just lost under the cooperation of the guide groove of composition, i.e., stair tread can only move down at this time, i.e., driving turns at this time Axis will be moved down along the guide groove for the two guide plates composition for adjusting shell, in moving process, when sliding block and be mounted on tune When saving two positive stop strips contact in shell, two positive stop strips will be stuck by sliding block, prevents it from continuing to move down, at this time stair Pedal remains static, and people can pass through, and during stair tread moves down, stair tread is moved down Amplitude it is smaller, pedestrian will not be affected greatly；That is people by stair and when stepping down in the middle position of stair tread, Stair tread can be moved downwards by a small margin, which will not affect greatly pedestrian.Due to initial in the present invention Under state, teeth in regulating wheel and the first driving gear not in contact with；So drive shaft drives the first driving gear to move downwards It will not be interfered with regulating wheel in dynamic process；The effect of reset spring is to play restitution to sliding block.

In the present invention when wheelchair needs to pass through stair, before passing through, first have to adjust driving disk, i.e. rotate driving Disk, driving disk rotational will drive threaded rod rotation connected to it, since one end of threaded rod passes through fixed support installation In the inside of check of staircase；Four thread bush pass through matching for the guide groove opened in guide block and check of staircase mounted thereto respectively Conjunction is mounted on the inside of check of staircase, and four are to be threadedly engaged between thread bush and threaded rod；Threaded rod remains static, screw thread Set can be relative to the guide groove sliding opened on check of staircase；So threaded rod rotation at this time will make four thread bush move It is dynamic；The mobile band carry-over bar of thread bush is mobile；Rack gear movement will make the second sliding tooth wheel engaged rotate, the second driving Gear rotation drives corresponding gear shaft rotation, and gear shaft rotation drives corresponding regulating wheel rotation, in regulating wheel rotation process In, when the teeth in regulating wheel are once engaged with corresponding first driving gear, regulating wheel rotation just will drive corresponding first The rotation of sliding tooth wheel；First driving gear is regulated the upward group power of wheel, and the first driving gear will not move down, and two are led Drive shaft will not be limited to plate, the rotation of the first sliding tooth wheel drives drive shaft rotation, and drive shaft rotation will make Power on scroll spring, drive shaft rotation drive corresponding drive shaft turns, and drive shaft turns drive corresponding stair tread to turn It is dynamic；Stair tread can make corresponding telescopic baffle compress while rotation, finally make four stair treads and corresponding stretch Contracting baffle forms a smooth flat；In this case, drive shaft has rotated 30 degree in the state of original；Scrollwork at this time Spring is in upper power state, gives one downward pressure of stair tread if wheelchair walking is on stair tread at this time；Stair Pedal will move down under the effect of the pressure；Stair tread moves down will be on being mounted on corresponding stair tread The drive shaft for being located at the stair tread two sides is driven to move down under the action of driving trunnion and corresponding drive shaft；Two drives Turn axis, which moves down, drives corresponding two sliding blocks to move down；During two drive shafts move down, installation Driving gear in drive shaft will teeth on squeeze adjustments wheel, since adjustment gear belongs under the action of threaded rod Self-locking state not can rotate；So driving gear will rotate backward under the action of teeth in adjustment gear at this time；Sliding tooth Wheel rotation drives drive shaft rotation, and rotational angle is 1 degree, and effect is to prevent rotational angle excessive and influence stair and step on Plate；So that there is gap between adjacent stair tread；When two drive shafts rotate 31 degree, two in two drive shafts The guide groove that second inclined-plane and two guide plates for adjusting shell form cooperates, and drives during moving down once being engaged Turn axis will be moved down along the guide groove for the two guide plates composition for adjusting shell, in moving process, when sliding block and installation When adjusting two positive stop strips contact in shell, two positive stop strips will be stuck by sliding block, prevents it from continuing to move down, at this time Stair tread remains static, and people can pass through, and during stair tread moves down, stair tread is downward Mobile amplitude is smaller, will not affect greatly to pedestrian；It can not given by the corresponding scroll spring of pedal that wheelchair presses One reaction force of drive shaft, so that drive shaft has counter-rotational trend, i.e., the first driving gear has reversed turn Dynamic trend, the first driving gear can make the second driving gear have counter-rotational trend, and the second driving gear has anti- To the trend of rotation, but the second driving wheel and rack engagement, rack gear remain static under the action of threaded rod, so In this state, there is self-locking to drive shaft by threaded rod；Prevent drive shaft from driving stair tread reversion；Shadow Ring wheelchair normal through.The work of the snap-gauge being mounted in the present invention in regulating wheel and the first limit plate being mounted in check of staircase With being, during people are adjusted, when people's rotate driving disk makes that disk is driven to drive regulating wheel rotation, adjust Section wheel rotation will drive snap-gauge rotation, when snap-gauge during rotation with one far from snap-gauge original in two the first limit plates When first limit plate contacts, which will play position-limiting action to snap-gauge, prevent snap-gauge from continuing to rotate, and four at this time Stair tread is just rotated into one smooth flat of composition；Prompting can be played to user by snap-gauge and the first limit plate to make With preventing user's rotate driving disk always.In recovery process, regulating wheel rotation will drive snap-gauge rotation, when snap-gauge exists As soon as contacted in rotation process with first limit plate close to snap-gauge original in two the first limit plates, first limit plate Position-limiting action can be played to snap-gauge, prevent snap-gauge from continuing to rotate, four stair treads are just restored to original state at this time；Scrollwork The effect of spring is that restitution is played to drive shaft, i.e., plays restitution to drive shaft stair tread.It is stretched in the present invention The upper end of contracting baffle passes through two installed on the downside of a stair tread for being located at upside in pin and two neighboring stair tread The downside for being fitted to the stair tread of a first trunnion, effect is to prevent people in the process of walking, is stepped on flexible The pin of baffle and stair tread junction and stair are damaged, influence the normal use of stair.

Relative to traditional stairway art, in normal state, stair tread is in horizontal to the stair that the present invention designs State, in this case, the stair can be used as normal stair；When there is disabled person's seat wheelchair to want to go upstairs, pass through The swing of stair tread is adjusted so that multiple stair treads form a smooth bevel；People can push wheelchair in upper row It walks, so that wheelchair passes through stair.The time of general stair normal use is longer, and wheelchair by using time it is shorter, Thus substantially prolong the service life of the stair.The telescopic baffle for the staircase design that the present invention designs, passes through telescopic baffle Sealing function can be played to stair, preventing people from accidentally sliding into stair will sprain the foot.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is global facility appearance diagram.

Fig. 2 is global facility distribution schematic diagram.

Fig. 3 is stair tread distribution schematic diagram.

Fig. 4 is check of staircase structural schematic diagram.

Fig. 5 is telescopic baffle scheme of installation.

Fig. 6 is stair tread structural schematic diagram.

Fig. 7 is telescopic baffle structural schematic diagram.

Fig. 8 is regulating mechanism distribution schematic diagram.

Fig. 9 is regulating mechanism scheme of installation.

Figure 10 is threaded rod scheme of installation.

Figure 11 is rack gear and the second driving gear cooperation schematic diagram.

Figure 12 is the first limit plate and snap-gauge cooperation schematic diagram.

Figure 13 is the first driving gear scheme of installation.

Figure 14 is guide block scheme of installation.

Figure 15 is snap-gauge scheme of installation.

Figure 16 is scroll spring scheme of installation.

Figure 17 is drive shaft structural schematic diagram.

Figure 18 is supporting block scheme of installation.

Figure 19 is reset spring scheme of installation.

Figure 20 is to adjust shell structure schematic diagram.

Figure 21 is sliding block and positive stop strip cooperation schematic diagram.

Figure 22 is stair tread scheme of installation.

Figure label title：1, stair tread；2, telescopic baffle；3, regulating mechanism；4, front apron；5, rear baffle；6, building Side of the ladder plate；7, circular shaft bore；8, shaft hole；9, guide groove；10, trunnion is driven；11, drive shaft；12, the first trunnion；13, in stretching Plate；14, stretch outside plate；15, threaded rod；16, driving mechanism；17, disk is driven；18, fixed support；19, the first limit plate； 20, snap-gauge；21, the second driving gear；23, the first driving gear；24, shell is adjusted；25, reset spring；26, supporting block；27, it drives Turn axis；28, regulating wheel；29, teeth；30, gear shaft；32, thread bush；33, sliding block；34, scroll spring；35, the first inclined-plane； 36, U-shaped guiding shell；37, the second inclined-plane；38, positive stop strip；39, connecting plate；40, guide plate；41, rack gear；42, guide block.

Specific embodiment

As shown in Figure 1, 2, it includes stair tread 1, telescopic baffle 2, regulating mechanism 3, front apron 4, rear baffle 5, stair Side plate 6, circular shaft bore 7, shaft hole 8, guide groove 9, driving trunnion 10, the first trunnion 12, wherein as shown in figure 4, check of staircase 6 Inside is cavity, is provided with guide groove 9 in check of staircase 6 on one side, is provided with guide groove 9 in check of staircase 6 on one side, guide groove 9 Guide direction is along at 25 degree of angles, being provided with circular shaft bore 7, building on the trailing flank of check of staircase 6 between 6 bottom surface of check of staircase Side of the ladder plate 6, which is not provided on the one side of guide groove 9, to be opened there are four shaft hole 8, four shaft holes 8 from top to bottom along with check of staircase 6 bottom surfaces are at 25 degree of direction equidistantly distributeds；As shown in Figure 1, two check of staircases 6 are symmetrically mounted on ground and two stair The side that shaft hole 8 is provided on side plate 6 faces each other；As shown in figure 3, rear baffle 5 is mounted between two check of staircases 6, and Positioned at the rear end of two check of staircases 6；Rear baffle 5 is flushed close to the top of step and rear baffle 5 with step surface；Front apron 4 It is mounted between two check of staircases 6, and is located at the front end of two check of staircases 6；As shown in Figure 1, front apron 4 is located at subsurface Side, and the top of front apron 4 is flushed with ground；As shown in Fig. 2, two regulating mechanisms 3 are separately mounted to two check of staircases 6 It is interior；Driving trunnion 10 is horizontally installed on the middle position of 1 bottom surface of stair tread, as shown in fig. 6, the bottom surface of stair tread 1 It symmetrically installs there are two the first trunnion 12 rear end；As shown in figure 8, four stair treads 1 respectively by with two regulating mechanisms 3 Be fitted between two check of staircases 6；As shown in figure 5, two stair treads 1 adjacent in four stair treads 1 it Between be separately installed with a telescopic baffle 2；Telescopic baffle 2 cooperates with corresponding two stair treads 1.

As shown in Figures 9 and 10, above-mentioned regulating mechanism 3 includes threaded rod 15, driving mechanism 16, driving disk 17, fixed support 18, thread bush 32, rack gear 41, guide block 42, wherein as shown in Figure 10, one end of threaded rod 15 is mounted on building by fixed support 18 The inside of side of the ladder plate 6, the other end of threaded rod 15 pass through the circular shaft bore 7 opened on check of staircase 6 and are located at outside check of staircase 6 Side；As shown in figure 14, driving disk 17 is mounted on one end that threaded rod 15 is located at 6 outside of check of staircase；The side of thread bush 32 Guide block 42 is installed, four thread bush 32 pass through the interior guide groove 9 opened of guide block 42 and check of staircase 6 mounted thereto respectively It is fitted to 6 inside of check of staircase, is threadedly engaged between four thread bush 32 and threaded rod 15；Rack gear 41 is mounted on four The downside of thread bush 32；As shown in figure 11, four driving mechanisms 16 from top to bottom along with 6 bottom surface of check of staircase at 25 degree of directions Equidistantly it is uniformly mounted to 6 inside of check of staircase.

As shown in Figure 12,13, above-mentioned driving mechanism 16 includes that the first limit plate 19, snap-gauge 20, second drive gear 21, the One driving gear 23 adjusts shell 24, reset spring 25, supporting block 26, drive shaft 27, regulating wheel 28, teeth 29, gear shaft 30, guide block 42, sliding block 33, scroll spring 34, the first inclined-plane 35, the second inclined-plane 37, positive stop strip 38, wherein as shown in Figure 10, tooth The both ends of wheel shaft 30 are fixedly mounted in check of staircase 6 on two sides；As shown in figure 15, the second driving gear 21 is mounted on gear One end of axis 30, the second driving gear 21 are engaged with rack gear 41；There is one section of teeth 29, regulating wheel on the periphery of regulating wheel 28 28 with teeth 29 periphery on snap-gauge is installed；Regulating wheel 28 is mounted on the other end of gear shaft 30；As shown in Figure 10, Two the first limit plates 19 are mounted on the one side for not being provided with guide groove 9 in stair, are pressed from both sides between two the first limit plates at 30 degree Angle；The snap-gauge installed on two the first limit plates and regulating wheel 28 cooperates；As shown in figure 20, adjusting shell 24 is by U-shaped guiding Shell 36, connecting plate 39 and guide plate 40 form, and symmetrically installation is there are two positive stop strip 38 on the two sides of U-shaped guiding shell 36, and two A connecting plate 39 is symmetrically mounted in U-shaped guiding shell 36 on the downside end face on U-lag top, and two guide plates 40 are symmetrically pacified On two connecting plates 39, the lower end for adjusting shell 24 is sealed end；As shown in figure 13, shell 24 is adjusted to install by supporting block 26 In 6 inside of check of staircase；As shown in figure 19, the upper end of 33 leading flank of sliding block is provided with round hole, and sliding block 33 passes through guide pad and leads To being fitted in the U-shaped guiding shell 36 for adjusting shell 24 for slot, to be slidably matched between sliding block 33 and adjusting shell 24, and sliding block 33 will not skid off adjusting shell 24；As shown in figure 18, sliding block 33 cooperates with two positive stop strips 38 adjusted in shell 24 are mounted on；Such as figure Shown in 21, reset spring 25 is installed between sliding block 33 and the bottom surface for adjusting shell 24, one end of reset spring 25 is mounted on adjusting On the bottom surface of shell 24, the other end of reset spring 25 is mounted on sliding block 33；As shown in figure 17, the middle position of drive shaft 27 It is upper that there are symmetrical two the first inclined-planes 35 and two symmetrical second inclined-planes 37, two the first inclined-planes 35 and two the second inclined-planes 37 correspond, at 31 degree of angles, as shown in figure 16, drive shaft between two the first inclined-planes 35 and corresponding second inclined-plane 37 27 one end is mounted in the round hole opened on sliding block 33, is rotatably assorted between drive shaft 27 and sliding block 33；Driving turns The first inclined-plane 35 and the second inclined-plane 37 and the guide groove 9 for two guide plates 40 composition for adjusting shell 24 on axis 27 cooperate；Such as 18 institutes Show, under original state, the guide groove 9 of two guide plates 40 composition of the parallel surface and adjusting shell 24 of two the first inclined-planes 35 composition Two sides correspond coplanar；Scroll spring 34 is installed between drive shaft 27 and sliding block 33；First driving gear 23 is installed In the other end of drive shaft 27；In the initial state, one of them first limit plate and regulating wheel in two the first limit plates The snap-gauge installed on 28 is engaged, when regulating wheel 28 rotates counterclockwise 30 degree, another in two the first limit plates The snap-gauge installed on first limit plate and regulating wheel 28 is engaged；Teeth 29 and the first sliding tooth in regulating wheel 28 at this time Wheel 23 continues to engage.

As shown in figure 22, the both ends of drive shaft 11 two drive shafts 11 connection corresponding with two regulating mechanisms 3 respectively, Stair tread 1 is fixedly mounted in drive shaft 11 by the cooperation of driving trunnion 10 and drive shaft 11 thereon.

As shown in fig. 7, the upper end of above-mentioned telescopic baffle 2 is by being located at upside in pin and two neighboring stair tread 1 The downside for being fitted to the stair tread 1 for two the first trunnions 12 that one 1 downside of stair tread is installed, telescopic baffle 2 lower end is mounted in two neighboring stair tread 1 on the wide end surface of a stair tread 1 of downside by revolute pair.

In the initial state, the teeth 29 in regulating wheel 28 and first driving gear 23 not in contact with.

The elastic force of above-mentioned scroll spring 34 is greater than the elastic force of reset spring 25.

Above-mentioned telescopic baffle 2 includes flexible inner panel 13, flexible outside plate 14, wherein the upper end of flexible outside plate 14 by pin with The cooperation peace for two the first trunnions 12 that 1 downside of a stair tread in two neighboring stair tread 1 positioned at upside is installed Mounted in the downside of the stair tread 1；The upper end nesting of flexible inner panel 13 is mounted on flexible 14 inside of outside plate, stretches under inner panel 13 End is mounted in two neighboring stair tread 1 on the wide end surface of a stair tread 1 of downside by revolute pair.

Above-mentioned drive shaft 27 is mounted in the round hole opened on sliding block 33 by bearing.

Above-mentioned reset spring 25 is compressed spring.

The elastic force of above-mentioned scroll spring 34 is 2 times of the elastic force of reset spring 25, and effect is so that stair tread 1 rotates Resistance be greater than the resistance moved down；Preferably prevent people from passing through stair and stepping on and deviate 1 interposition of stair tread When setting, stair tread 1 is rotated.

The above-mentioned alternative for being four as stair tread 1 is five or six.

In summary：

The beneficial effect that the present invention designs：In normal state, stair tread 1 is in horizontality to stair, in this case, The stair can be used as normal stair；When there is disabled person's seat wheelchair to want to go upstairs, by the pendulum for adjusting stair tread 1 It moves so that multiple stair treads 1 form a smooth bevel；People can push wheelchair to walk above, so that wheelchair smoothly leads to Cross stair.The time of general stair normal use is longer, and wheelchair by using time it is shorter, thus substantially prolong this The service life of stair.The telescopic baffle 2 for the staircase design that the present invention designs can play stair close by telescopic baffle 2 Envelope effect, preventing people from accidentally sliding into stair will sprain the foot.

In the present invention in normal use process, when people set foot on stair, one can be applied to stair tread 1 downwards Pressure, when the pressure is located at 1 middle position of stair tread, stair tread 1 will move down under the effect of the pressure；Building Terraced pedal 1 moves down will be in the effect of the driving trunnion 10 and corresponding drive shaft 11 that are mounted on corresponding stair tread 1 It is lower that the drive shaft 27 for being located at 1 two sides of stair tread is driven to move down；Two drive shafts 27 move down drive and correspond to Two sliding blocks 33 move down；During two drive shafts 27 move down, in two drive shafts 27 two The guide groove 9 on a first inclined-plane 35 and two guide plates 40 composition for adjusting shell 24 is once engaged, and drive shaft 27 will edge Adjust shell 24 the guide groove 9 of two guide plates 40 composition move down, in moving process, when sliding block 33 and being mounted on adjusting When two positive stop strips 38 in shell 24 contact, two positive stop strips 38 will be stuck by sliding block 33, prevents it from continuing to move down, this When stair tread 1 remain static, people can pass through, during stair tread 1 moves down, stair tread 1 amplitude that moves down is smaller, will not affect greatly to pedestrian；I.e. people are passing through stair and are stepping down in stair tread 1 When middle position, stair tread 1 can be moved downwards by a small margin, which will not affect greatly pedestrian.When the pressure When power deviates 1 middle position of stair tread, which will make staircase boards have the rotation rotated with one around drive shaft 11 Turn power, so that stair tread 1 has the trend of rotation；But since the elastic force of scroll spring 34 is greater than the bullet of reset spring 25 Power, the resistance that stair tread 1 rotates is greater than the resistance moved down, so stair tread 1 is when by downward pressure, the pressure Power can first make stair tread 1 move down before driving stair tread 1 is rotated；Stair tread 1 moves down will It is driven under the action of the driving trunnion 10 and corresponding drive shaft 11 being mounted on corresponding stair tread 1 and is located at the stair tread The drive shaft 27 of 1 two sides moves down；Two drive shafts 27, which move down, drives corresponding two sliding blocks 33 to move down； During two drive shafts 27 move down, when two the first inclined-planes 35 and adjusting shell 24 in two drive shafts 27 The guide groove 9 of two guide plates 40 composition be once engaged, two drive shafts 27 two the first inclined-planes 35 with adjust shell The ability of rotation is just lost under the cooperation of the guide groove 9 of 24 two guide plates 40 composition, i.e. 1 meeting of stair tread at this time is downward Mobile, i.e., drive shaft 27 will be moved down along the guide groove 9 for two guide plates 40 composition for adjusting shell 24 at this time, in movement In the process, when sliding block 33 is contacted with two positive stop strips 38 being mounted in adjusting shell 24, two positive stop strips 38 will be by sliding block 33 is stuck, prevents it from continuing to move down, and stair tread 1 remains static at this time, and people can pass through, and steps in stair During plate 1 moves down, the amplitude that stair tread 1 moves down is smaller, will not affect greatly to pedestrian；That is people When passing through stair and stepping down in the middle position of stair tread 1, stair tread 1 can be moved downwards by a small margin, and the amplitude is not Pedestrian can be affected greatly.Due in the initial state in the present invention, teeth 29 and the first sliding tooth in regulating wheel 28 Wheel 23 not in contact with；So drive shaft 27 will not occur during driving the first driving gear 23 to move down with regulating wheel 28 Interference；The effect of reset spring 25 is to play restitution to sliding block 33.

In the present invention when wheelchair needs to pass through stair, before passing through, first have to adjust driving disk 17, i.e. rotation is driven Disk 17 is moved, the driving rotation of disk 17 will drive threaded rod 15 connected to it and rotate, since one end of threaded rod 15 passes through admittedly Surely support 18 is mounted on the inside of check of staircase 6；Four thread bush 32 pass through guide block 42 and stair side mounted thereto respectively The guide groove 9 opened in plate 6 is fitted to 6 inside of check of staircase, matches between four thread bush 32 and threaded rod 15 for screw thread It closes；Threaded rod 15 remains static, and thread bush 32 can be slided relative to the guide groove 9 opened on check of staircase 6；So at this time The rotation of threaded rod 15 will make four thread bush 32 mobile；The mobile band carry-over bar 41 of thread bush 32 is mobile；Rack gear 41 is mobile just So that the second driving gear 21 engaged rotates, the second driving rotation of gear 21 drives corresponding gear shaft 30 to rotate for meeting, The rotation of gear shaft 30 drives corresponding regulating wheel 28 to rotate, in 28 rotation process of regulating wheel, when the teeth 29 in regulating wheel 28 With corresponding first driving gear 23 once engaging, the rotation of regulating wheel 28 just will drive corresponding first driving gear 23 and rotate； The first driving rotation of gear 23 drives drive shaft 27 to rotate, and the rotation of drive shaft 27 will make power on scroll spring 34, drive The rotation of turn axis 27 drives corresponding drive shaft 11 to rotate, and the rotation of drive shaft 11 drives corresponding stair tread 1 to rotate；Stair are stepped on Plate 1 can make corresponding telescopic baffle 2 compress while rotation, finally make four stair treads 1 and corresponding telescopic baffle 2 Form a smooth flat；In this case, drive shaft 27 has rotated 30 degree in the state of original；Scroll spring at this time 34 are in upper power state, give 1 one downward pressure of stair tread if wheelchair walking is on stair tread 1 at this time；Stair Pedal 1 will move down under the effect of the pressure；Stair tread 1, which moves down, to be mounted on corresponding stair tread 1 On driving trunnion 10 and corresponding drive shaft 11 under the action of drive the drive shaft 27 for being located at 1 two sides of stair tread downward It is mobile；Two drive shafts 27, which move down, drives corresponding two sliding blocks 33 to move down；It is downward in two drive shafts 27 In mobile process, be mounted on the driving gear in drive shaft 27 will teeth 29 on squeeze adjustments wheel 28, due to adjusting Gear belongs to self-locking state under the action of threaded rod 15, not can rotate；So driving gear teeth in adjustment gear at this time It will be rotated backward under the action of 29；The rotation of sliding tooth wheel drives drive shaft 27 to rotate, and rotational angle is 1 degree, effect It is to prevent rotational angle excessive and influence stair tread 1；So that there is gap between adjacent stair tread 1；When two drivings turn When axis 27 rotates 31 degree, what two the second inclined-planes 37 in two drive shafts 27 were formed with two guide plates 40 for adjusting shell 24 Guide groove 9 cooperates, and once being engaged during moving down, drive shaft 27 will be along two guiding for adjusting shell 24 The guide groove 9 that plate 40 forms moves down, and in moving process, when sliding block 33 and is mounted on two positive stop strips 38 adjusted in shell 24 When contact, two positive stop strips 38 will be stuck by sliding block 33, prevents it from continuing to move down, and stair tread 1 is in static at this time State, people can pass through, during stair tread 1 moves down, amplitude that stair tread 1 moves down compared with It is small, pedestrian will not be affected greatly；Scroll spring 34 can give drive shaft 27 1 reaction forces, so that drive shaft 27 With counter-rotational trend, i.e., the first driving gear 23 has counter-rotational trend, and the first driving 23 meeting of gear is so that the Two driving gears 21 have counter-rotational trend, and the second driving gear 21 has counter-rotational trend, but second drives Gear 21 is engaged with rack gear 41, and rack gear 41 remains static under the action of threaded rod 15, so in this state, leading to Crossing threaded rod 15 has self-locking to drive shaft 27；Prevent drive shaft 27 from stair tread 1 being driven to invert；Influence wheelchair just Often pass through.The work of the snap-gauge 20 being mounted in the present invention in regulating wheel 28 and the first limit plate 19 being mounted in check of staircase 6 With being, during people are adjusted, when people's rotate driving disk 17 makes that disk 17 is driven to drive 28 turns of regulating wheel When dynamic, the rotation of regulating wheel 28 will drive the rotation of snap-gauge 20, when snap-gauge 20 during rotation with two 19 Central Plains of the first limit plate When carrying out first limit plate 19 contact far from snap-gauge 20, which will play position-limiting action to snap-gauge 20, Prevent snap-gauge 20 from continuing to rotate, four stair treads 1 are just rotated into one smooth flat of composition at this time；Pass through snap-gauge 20 and One limit plate 19 can play reminding effect to user, prevent user's rotate driving disk 17 always.In recovery process, The rotation of regulating wheel 28 will drive the rotation of snap-gauge 20, when snap-gauge 20 during rotation with it is original close in two the first limit plates 19 When first limit plate 19 contact of snap-gauge 20, which will play position-limiting action to snap-gauge 20, prevent card Plate 20 continues to rotate, and four stair treads 1 are just restored to original state at this time；The effect of scroll spring 34 is to drive shaft 27 play restitution, i.e., play restitution to 11 stair tread 1 of drive shaft.The upper end of telescopic baffle 2 passes through in the present invention It is located at two the first trunnions 12 installed on the downside of a stair tread 1 for upside in pin and two neighboring stair tread 1 It is fitted to the downside of the stair tread 1, effect is to prevent people in the process of walking, step on telescopic baffle 2 and stair The pin of 1 junction of pedal and stair are damaged, influence the normal use of stair.

Specific embodiment：When the stair that people are designed using the present invention, in normal state, staircase boards are in level State, in this case, the stair can be used as normal stair；When there is disabled person's seat wheelchair to want to go upstairs, turn Dynamic driving disk 17, the driving rotation of disk 17 will drive the rotation of threaded rod 15, and the rotation of threaded rod 15 will make the second sliding tooth 21 rotation of wheel, the second driving rotation of gear 21 drive corresponding gear shaft 30 to rotate, and the rotation of gear shaft 30 drives corresponding adjusting 28 rotation of wheel, in 28 rotation process of regulating wheel, when the teeth 29 in regulating wheel 28 drive gear 23 once with corresponding first Engagement, the rotation of regulating wheel 28 just will drive corresponding first driving gear 23 and rotate；The first driving rotation of gear 23 drives driving Shaft 27 rotates, and the rotation of drive shaft 27 will make power on scroll spring 34, and the rotation of drive shaft 27 drives corresponding driving Axis 11 rotates, and the rotation of drive shaft 11 drives corresponding stair tread 1 to rotate；Stair tread 1 can make corresponding while rotation Telescopic baffle 2 compresses, and four stair treads 1 and corresponding telescopic baffle 2 is finally made to form a smooth flat；Wheelchair at this time Stair can be passed through；After the completion of use, driving disk 17 is rotated backward, the driving rotation of disk 17 will drive threaded rod 15 rotations, the rotation of threaded rod 15 will make the second driving gear 21 rotate, and the second driving rotation of gear 21 drives corresponding tooth Wheel shaft 30 rotates, and the rotation of gear shaft 30 drives corresponding regulating wheel 28 to rotate, and regulating wheel 28 is finally made to be restored to original state, First driving gear 23 also can be restored to original state under the action of regulating wheel 28 and scroll spring 34；First driving gear 23 It will drive stair tread 1 in recovery process and be restored to original state.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of stair that the architectural engineering based on screw drive uses, it is characterised in that：It is characterized in that：It includes that stair are stepped on Plate, telescopic baffle, regulating mechanism, front apron, rear baffle, check of staircase, circular shaft bore, shaft hole, guide groove, driving trunnion, the One trunnion, wherein the inside of check of staircase is cavity, is provided with guide groove in check of staircase on one side, the guide direction of guide groove along At 25 degree of angles between check of staircase bottom surface, it is provided with circular shaft bore on the trailing flank of check of staircase, check of staircase is not provided with and leads Shaft hole there are four opening on the one side of slot, four shaft holes are from top to bottom along check of staircase bottom surface between 25 degree of directions etc. Away from distribution；Two check of staircases are symmetrically mounted on ground and are provided with the mutual face in side of shaft hole on two check of staircases It is right；Rear baffle is mounted between two check of staircases, and is located at the rear end of two check of staircases；Rear baffle is close to step and rear gear The top of plate is flushed with step surface；Front apron is mounted between two check of staircases, and is located at the front end of two check of staircases； Front apron is located on the downside of ground, and the top of front apron is flushed with ground；Two regulating mechanisms are separately mounted to two stair In side plate；Driving trunnion is horizontally installed on the middle position of stair tread bottom surface, the rear end of the bottom surface of stair tread is symmetrically There are two the first trunnions for installation；Four stair treads are respectively by being fitted to two check of staircases with two regulating mechanisms Between；A telescopic baffle is separately installed between two adjacent stair treads in four stair treads；Telescopic baffle with it is right The two stair treads cooperation answered；

Above-mentioned regulating mechanism includes threaded rod, driving mechanism, driving disk, fixes support, thread bush, rack gear, guide block, wherein spiral shell One end of rasp bar is mounted on the inside of check of staircase by fixed support, what the other end of threaded rod was opened on check of staircase Circular shaft bore is located on the outside of check of staircase；Driving disk is mounted on one end that threaded rod is located on the outside of check of staircase；Thread bush Side is equipped with guide block, and four thread bush are respectively by the cooperation for the guide groove opened in guide block and check of staircase mounted thereto It is mounted on the inside of check of staircase, four are to be threadedly engaged between thread bush and threaded rod；Rack gear is mounted under four thread bush Side；Four driving mechanisms are equidistantly uniformly mounted to check of staircase at 25 degree of directions along with check of staircase bottom surface from top to bottom Inside；

Above-mentioned driving mechanism includes the first limit plate, snap-gauge, the second driving gear, the first driving gear, adjusts shell, resets bullet Spring, supporting block, drive shaft, regulating wheel, teeth, gear shaft, guide block, sliding block, scroll spring, the first inclined-plane, the second inclined-plane, limit Position item, wherein the both ends of gear shaft are fixedly mounted in check of staircase on two sides；Second driving gear is mounted on gear shaft One end, the second driving wheel and rack engagement；There are one section of teeth, regulating wheel does not have the outer of teeth on the periphery of regulating wheel Snap-gauge is installed on disc；Regulating wheel is mounted on the other end of gear shaft；Two the first limit plates are mounted in stair and are not provided with On the one side of guide groove, at 30 degree of angles between two the first limit plates；It is installed on two the first limit plates and regulating wheel Snap-gauge cooperation；It adjusts shell to be made of U-shaped guiding shell, connecting plate and guide plate, symmetrically be installed on the two sides of U-shaped guiding shell There are two positive stop strip, two connecting plates are symmetrically mounted on the downside end face on U-lag top in U-shaped guiding shell, two guiding Plate is symmetrically mounted on two connecting plates, and the lower end for adjusting shell is sealed end；It adjusts shell and stair side is mounted on by supporting block On the inside of plate；The upper end of sliding block leading flank is provided with round hole, the U for being fitted to adjusting shell that sliding block passes through guide pad and guide groove In type guiding shell, to be slidably matched between sliding block and adjusting shell, and sliding block will not skid off adjusting shell；Sliding block and it is mounted on adjusting shell Interior two positive stop strips cooperation；Reset spring is installed between sliding block and the bottom surface for adjusting shell, one end of reset spring is mounted on On the bottom surface for adjusting shell, the other end of reset spring is mounted on sliding block；Have symmetrical two on the middle position of drive shaft A first inclined-plane and two symmetrical second inclined-planes, two the first inclined-planes and two the second inclined-planes correspond, and two first tiltedly At 31 degree of angles between face and corresponding second inclined-plane, one end of drive shaft is mounted in the round hole opened on sliding block, is driven It is to be rotatably assorted between turn axis and sliding block；Two guide plates on the first inclined-plane and the second inclined-plane and adjusting shell in drive shaft The guide groove of composition cooperates；Under original state, two guide plates composition of the parallel surface and adjusting shell of two the first inclined-planes composition The two sides of guide groove correspond coplanar；Scroll spring is installed between drive shaft and sliding block；First driving gear is mounted on The other end of drive shaft；In the initial state, one of them first limit plate and institute in regulating wheel in two the first limit plates The snap-gauge of installation is engaged, another first limit when regulating wheel rotates counterclockwise 30 degree, in two the first limit plates The snap-gauge installed on plate and regulating wheel is engaged；The teeth in regulating wheel continue to engage with the first driving gear at this time；

Two drive shafts connection corresponding with two regulating mechanisms, stair tread pass through drive thereon respectively at the both ends of drive shaft The cooperation of dynamic trunnion and drive shaft is fixedly mounted on the driving shaft；

The upper end of above-mentioned telescopic baffle in pin and two neighboring stair tread by being located on the downside of a stair tread of upside It is installed by revolute pair the lower end of the downside for being fitted to the stair tread for two the first trunnions installed, telescopic baffle In two neighboring stair tread on the wide end surface of a stair tread of downside；

In the initial state, the teeth in regulating wheel with first driving gear not in contact with；

The elastic force of above-mentioned scroll spring is greater than the elastic force of reset spring.

2. the stair that a kind of architectural engineering based on screw drive according to claim 20 uses, it is characterised in that：On Stating telescopic baffle includes flexible inner panel, flexible outside plate, wherein the upper end of flexible outside plate passes through pin and two neighboring stair tread In be located at the downside for being fitted to the stair tread of two the first trunnions installed on the downside of a stair tread of upside； The upper end nesting of flexible inner panel is mounted on the inside of flexible outside plate, and the lower end of flexible inner panel is mounted on two neighboring building by revolute pair In terraced pedal on the wide end surface of a stair tread of downside.

3. the stair that a kind of architectural engineering based on screw drive according to claim 1 uses, it is characterised in that：It is above-mentioned Drive shaft is mounted in the round hole opened on sliding block by bearing.

4. the stair that a kind of architectural engineering based on screw drive according to claim 1 uses, it is characterised in that：It is above-mentioned Reset spring is compressed spring.

5. the stair that a kind of architectural engineering based on screw drive according to claim 50 uses, it is characterised in that：On The elastic force for stating scroll spring is 2 times of elastic force of reset spring.