CN108914764A - A kind of bridge energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing mechanism using viscous damper - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a bridge energy dissipation shock absorbing mechanism using a viscous damper. The shock absorbing mechanism includes an upper support seat, a lower support seat, a strip block, an upper fixed block, a lower fixed block, and a plurality of upper viscous dampers. A plurality of lower viscous dampers, a first connecting shaft, a second connecting shaft, and a slider; a chute is provided on the bar block, and the slider is placed in the chute, the first connecting shaft vertically runs through the bar block, and the second The connecting shaft runs through the slider vertically, and the bar block passes through the upper support seat and the lower support seat in turn. Both sides of the upper and lower parts of the bar block are equipped with upper and lower fixed blocks, and one end of the upper viscous damper is rotatably installed with the upper fixed block. Together, the other end is rotatably installed together with the bar block, one end of the lower viscous damper is rotatably installed together with the lower fixed block, and the other end is rotatably installed together with the bar block. The shock absorbing mechanism can have a good effect of damping and consuming energy, and belongs to the technical field of bridge shock resistance.

Description

A Bridge Energy-Dissipating Damping Mechanism Using Viscous Dampers

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of anti-seismic bridges, in particular to an energy-dissipating shock-absorbing mechanism of a bridge using a viscous damper.

Background technique

In recent years, a lot of research work has been done on the isolation, vibration reduction and vibration control of engineering structures in my country, and fruitful research results have been obtained. Traditional anti-seismic designers resist earthquakes by enhancing the anti-seismic performance of the structure itself, that is, using the structure itself to store and consume seismic energy to meet the anti-seismic fortification standards of the structure: small earthquakes are not damaged, moderate earthquakes can be repaired, and large earthquakes cannot collapse. However, this anti-seismic method lacks self-regulation ability, and may not meet the safety requirements under uncertain earthquake action. The structural vibration control technology provides a reasonable and effective way for structures to resist earthquakes. Among them, energy dissipation and shock absorption is a passive control measure, which is to guide the seismic energy input into the structure to specially set mechanisms and components to absorb and dissipate energy, so as to protect the safety of the main structure.

In recent years, many scholars at home and abroad have conducted research on bridge damping control, including elastoplastic steel damping devices, high damping rubber bearings, friction pendulum isolation bearings, etc., but none of them can achieve a good damping energy dissipation effect. .

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the technical problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a bridge energy dissipation shock absorbing mechanism using a viscous damper, which can achieve a good effect of damping energy dissipation.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:

An energy-dissipating shock-absorbing mechanism for a bridge using a viscous damper, the bridge includes a superstructure and a substructure, the substructure includes a bridge pier and a cap set on the upper end of the pier; the shock-absorbing mechanism includes an upper support seat fixed on the superstructure, The lower support seat fixed on the cap, the bar block, the upper fixed block fixed on the upper structure, the lower fixed block fixed on the cap, multiple upper viscous dampers, multiple lower viscous dampers, The first connecting shaft, the second connecting shaft, and the slider; the upper fixing block, the upper supporting seat, the lower supporting seat, and the lower fixing block are arranged sequentially from top to bottom; In the chute of the bar block, the first connecting shaft runs through the bar block vertically, the second connecting shaft runs through the slider vertically, the bar block passes through the upper supporting seat and the lower supporting seat in turn, the first connecting shaft and the upper supporting seat The second connecting shaft and the lower support seat are installed together in a rotating manner; both sides of the upper part of the bar block are provided with upper fixing blocks, and both sides of the lower part of the bar block are provided with lower fixing blocks, and the upper part is glued One end of the hysteresis damper is rotatably installed with the upper fixed block, the other end of the upper viscous damper is rotatably installed with the bar block, and one end of the lower viscous damper is rotatably installed with the lower fixed block. The other end of the lower viscous damper is rotatably installed with the bar block.

Further, both the upper viscous damper and the lower viscous damper are hydraulic dampers, and the hydraulic damper includes a cylinder body, a piston placed inside the cylinder body, and a piston rod connected with the piston; the inner wall of the cylinder body and The piston forms two oil chambers, the piston is provided with a through hole, and the two oil chambers are connected through the through holes on the piston.

Further, the upper fixed block is provided with a hinge support, the end of the cylinder body of the upper viscous damper is provided with a hinge block, the end of the piston rod of the upper viscous damper is provided with a hinge block, and the bar block is provided with a hinge block. A hinge support is provided, and the hinge blocks are all hinged on the hinge support.

Further, the lower fixed block is provided with a hinge support, the end of the cylinder body of the lower viscous damper is provided with a hinge block, the end of the piston rod of the lower viscous damper is provided with a hinge block, and the bar block is provided with a hinge block. A hinge support is provided, and the hinge blocks are all hinged on the hinge support.

Further, the upper supporting seat is provided with a notch and a hole, the notch and the hole are connected, the bar passes through the upper supporting seat from the notch, and the end of the first connecting shaft is located in the hole.

Further, the lower supporting seat is provided with a notch and a hole, the notch and the hole are connected, the bar passes through the lower supporting seat from the notch, and the end of the second connecting shaft is located in the hole.

Further, there are two rubber pads in the notch of the upper support seat, and the two rubber pads are located on both sides of the bar block; two rubber pads are provided in the notch of the lower support seat, and the two rubber pads are located on the bar The two sides of the shaped block; the first connecting shaft runs through the bar block and the rubber pad, and the second connecting shaft runs through the slider and the rubber pad.

Further, a plurality of upper viscous dampers between the upper fixed block and the bar block are equidistantly distributed along the height direction, and a plurality of lower viscous dampers between the lower fixed block and the bar block are arranged along the height direction equidistant distribution.

Further, shock absorbing mechanisms are provided on both sides of the upper structure and the lower structure.

Generally speaking, the present invention has following advantages:

Because the energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing mechanism of the bridge can perform damping and dissipating energy in the fore-and-aft direction, it can withstand a certain load in the horizontal direction and dissipate energy through the viscous damper. According to the characteristics of the bridge structure, the present invention utilizes the relative displacement of the connection between the upper structure and the lower structure of the bridge to design an energy-dissipating shock-absorbing mechanism. energy consumption.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing mechanism of the bridge in the main viewing direction.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the bridge energy dissipation shock absorbing mechanism in the left view direction.

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the assembly of the upper fixed block, the upper support seat, the lower support seat, the lower fixed block, the strip block and the viscous damper.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the upper fixed block, the lower support seat, the lower fixed block, the strip block, and the viscous damper, and the rubber pad is not drawn in the lower support seat.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the upper fixed block, the upper support seat, the lower fixed block, the strip block, and the viscous damper, and the rubber pad is not drawn in the upper support seat.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the upper fixed block, the lower fixed block, the strip block and the viscous damper.

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the front view direction of the bar block.

Fig. 8 is an exploded view of the upper fixed block, the upper part of the bar block, and the upper viscous damper.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

In order to facilitate a unified review of the various reference signs in the drawings of the specification, the unified description of the reference signs appearing in the drawings of the specification is as follows:

1 is the upper structure, 2 is the cap, 3 is the bridge pier, 4 is the shock absorbing mechanism, 5 is the upper fixed block, 6 is the upper support seat, 7 is the lower support seat, 8 is the lower fixed block, 9 is the strip block, 10 is the upper viscous damper, 11 is the lower viscous damper, 12 is the rubber pad, 13 is the first connecting shaft, 14 is the second connecting shaft, 15 is the slider, 16 is the hinge support, 17 is the hinge block , 6-1 is the notch groove on the upper support seat, 7-1 is the notch groove on the lower support seat, 9-1 is the chute on the bar block, and 10-1 is the piston rod of the upper viscous damper.

For the convenience of description, the directions mentioned below are described as follows: the directions of up, down, left, right, front and back mentioned below are consistent with the directions of the projection in Figure 1 itself.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the existing bridges generally include a superstructure and a substructure, and the substructure includes piers and caps arranged on the upper ends of the piers. The superstructure, caps, and piers are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The damping mechanism of the present invention connects the upper structure and the platform. As shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, a bridge energy-dissipating shock-absorbing mechanism using a viscous damper, the shock-absorbing mechanism includes an upper support seat fixed on the superstructure, and a The lower support seat, the strip block, the upper fixed block fixed on the upper structure, the lower fixed block fixed on the platform, multiple upper viscous dampers, multiple lower viscous dampers, the first connecting shaft, the second Two connecting shafts, sliders. The upper fixing block, the upper supporting seat, the lower supporting seat and the lower fixing block are arranged sequentially from top to bottom; the upper fixing block and the upper supporting seat are fixed on the upper structure, and the lower supporting seat and the lower fixing block are fixed on the platform. As shown in Figure 7, the width of the middle part of the bar block is relatively large, and the width of the upper and lower ends of the bar block is relatively small. Provide a chute with a through hole, the chute is rectangular, and the slider is slidably placed in the chute of the bar block, that is, the slider is placed in the chute, and the slider can slide in the chute. Both the first connecting axis and the second connecting axis are arranged horizontally and along the left and right directions, the first connecting axis runs through the bar block vertically, the second connecting axis runs through the slider vertically, and the bar block is placed vertically, The bar blocks pass through the upper support base and the lower support base in turn from top to bottom, the first connecting shaft and the upper support base are rotatably installed together, the second connecting shaft and the lower support base are rotatably installed together; the first connecting shaft There is a separate structure between the bar block and the second connecting shaft and the slider, which is convenient for installation. In conjunction with Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, shown in Fig. 6, the left and right sides of bar top are all provided with upper fixed block, the left and right sides of bar bottom are all provided with lower fixed block, upper fixed block and lower There are two fixed blocks, the two upper fixed blocks are separated from the left and right sides of the top of the bar block, and the two lower fixed blocks are separated from the left and right sides of the bottom of the bar block. There are upper viscous dampers on the front and rear sides of the upper part of the bar block, and lower viscous dampers on the front and rear sides of the lower part of the bar block. One end of the upper viscous damper is rotatably installed with the upper fixed block, and the other end of the upper viscous damper is rotatably installed with the bar block, and the upper viscous damper and the upper fixed block can be rotated relative to each other. Relative rotation is also possible between the upper viscous damper and the bar block. One end of the lower viscous damper is rotatably installed with the lower fixed block, and the other end of the lower viscous damper is rotatably installed with the bar block, and the lower viscous damper and the lower fixed block can be rotated relative to each other. Relative rotation is also possible between the lower viscous damper and the bar block.

The upper viscous damper and the lower viscous damper are parts with the same structure and function, and both are hydraulic dampers. The hydraulic damper consists of a cylinder, a piston placed inside the cylinder, and a piston rod connected to the piston. The piston and the piston rod are fixed together, the piston rod is exposed outside the cylinder body, the inner wall of the cylinder body and the piston form two oil chambers, the piston is provided with a through hole, and the two oil chambers are connected through the through hole on the piston , that is, the piston divides the inner wall of the cylinder into two oil chambers. Since the piston has a through hole, the two oil chambers are the same. In the process of damping energy dissipation, the bar will move or rotate, so that the bar will push the piston rods of the upper viscous damper and the lower viscous damper, and the piston will move inside the cylinder. The viscous oil moves back and forth in the two oil chambers, thereby achieving the effect of viscous damping and energy consumption.

As shown in Figure 8, take the upper viscous damper at the back as an example for illustration: the upper fixed block at the back is provided with a hinge support, and the hinge support is fixed on the upper fixed block at the back, and the upper viscous damper at the back The front end of the cylinder body is provided with a hinge block, the rear end of the piston rod of the upper viscous damper is provided with a hinge block, the rear side of the bar block is provided with a hinge support, and the cylinder body of the upper viscous damper at the back is provided with a hinge block. The hinge block at the position is hinged on the hinge support on the rear side of the bar block, and the hinge block at the piston rod of the upper viscous damper behind is hinged on the hinge support on the front side of the upper fixed block. The rear and front upper viscous dampers are centered symmetrically with the strip block, and the rear and front upper fixed blocks are centered symmetrically with the bar block.

Take the lower viscous damper at the back as an example for illustration: the lower fixed block at the back is provided with a hinge support, which is fixed on the lower fixed block at the back, and the front end of the cylinder body of the lower viscous damper at the back There is a hinge block, the rear end of the piston rod of the lower viscous damper is provided with a hinge block, the rear side of the strip block is provided with a hinge support, and the hinge block at the cylinder body of the lower viscous damper at the back is hinged on the On the hinge support on the rear side of the bar block, the hinge block at the piston rod of the lower viscous damper at the back is hinged on the hinge support on the front side of the lower fixed block. The rear and front lower viscous dampers are centered symmetrically with the strip block, and the rear and front lower fixed blocks are centered symmetrically with the bar block.

As shown in Figure 5, the upper support seat is provided with a notch and a hole groove, the notch groove runs through the upper support seat from top to bottom, the axis of the hole groove is horizontal and from left to right, the notch groove and the hole groove communicate , the strip block passes through the upper support seat from the notch, there is enough space between the bar block and the inner wall of the notch groove of the upper support seat, the end of the first connecting shaft is located in the hole slot, and the first connecting shaft is located on the upper Inside the support seat, the hole groove is arranged on the inner wall of the notch groove.

As shown in Figure 4, there are notches and holes on the lower support base, the notches run through the lower support base from top to bottom, the axes of the holes are horizontal and from left to right, the notches and the holes are connected , the strip block passes through the lower support seat from the notch, there is enough space between the bar block and the inner wall of the notch groove of the lower support seat, the end of the second connecting shaft is located in the hole slot, and the lower support seat is located on the upper support Below the seat, the second connecting shaft is located inside the lower support seat, and the hole is arranged on the inner wall of the notch.

As shown in Figure 3, two rubber pads are provided in the notch groove of the upper support seat, and the two rubber pads are located on both sides of the bar block, that is, for the notch groove of the upper support seat, the bar block located there Rubber pads are arranged on the left and right sides, and the rubber pads fill the gap between the upper support base and the bar block, and the first connecting shaft runs through the bar block and the rubber pad. There are two rubber pads in the notch groove of the lower support seat, and the two rubber pads are located on both sides of the bar block, that is, for the notch groove of the lower support seat, there are two rubber pads on the left and right sides of the bar block at the place. A rubber pad, where the rubber pad fills up the gap between the lower support seat and the bar block, and the second connecting shaft runs through the slide block and the rubber pad. The rubber pad can allow a certain displacement difference between the upper structure and the bearing platform in the left and right direction. When the upper structure and the bearing platform are assembled together, the alignment of the upper structure and the bearing platform in the left and right direction is not necessarily very accurate, while the rubber pad has A certain degree of elasticity allows the upper support seat and the lower support seat to have a certain stagger.

The plurality of upper viscous dampers between the upper fixed block and the bar block are distributed equidistantly along the height direction, and the plurality of lower viscous dampers between the lower fixed block and the bar block are distributed equidistantly along the height direction.

Both sides of the upper structure and the lower structure are equipped with shock absorbing mechanisms. That is, damping mechanisms are arranged on the left and right sides of the bearing platform.

The working principle of the energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing mechanism of the bridge: When an earthquake occurs, the upper structure and the lower structure (caps) undergo relative displacement in the front and rear directions, thereby prompting the relative displacement of the upper support seat and the lower support seat, and the upper support seat passes through The first connecting shaft drives the bar to move, and the lower support seat drives the bar to move through the second connecting shaft and the slider, so that the bar moves or swings, and the upper and lower parts of the bar respectively drive the upper viscous damping The piston rod of the viscous damper and the piston rod of the lower viscous damper move, so that the piston in the upper viscous damper and the piston in the lower viscous damper move, and the viscous oil in the cylinder is in the two oil chambers Moving back and forth inside, so as to achieve the effect of viscous damping energy consumption. When the bar block moves relative to the upper fixed block and the lower fixed block, the slide block is relatively displaced in the chute of the bar block.

The above-mentioned embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiment, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, Simplifications should be equivalent replacement methods, and all are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of bridge energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing mechanism using viscous damper, bridge includes superstructure and substructure, lower junction Structure includes bridge pier and the cushion cap that bridge pier upper end is arranged in；It is characterized in that：Damping include be fixed on it is upper in superstructure Support base, the lower support base being fixed on cushion cap, bar blocks, the upper fixed block being fixed in superstructure are fixed on cushion cap Lower fixed block, multiple upper viscous dampers, multiple lower viscous dampers, the first connecting shaft, the second connecting shaft, sliding block；It is upper solid Determine block, upper support seat, lower support base, lower fixed block to be sequentially arranged from top to bottom；Bar blocks are equipped with sliding slot, and sliding block is slidably It is placed in the sliding slot of bar blocks, the first connecting shaft extends vertically through bar blocks, and the second connecting shaft extends vertically through sliding block, and bar blocks are successively Across upper support seat and lower support base, the first connecting shaft and upper support seat are rotatably mounted on together, the second connecting shaft and lower branch Support seat is rotatably mounted on together；The two sides on bar blocks top are equipped with fixed block, and the two sides of bar blocks lower part are equipped with down Fixed block, one end of upper viscous damper are rotatably mounted on together with upper fixed block, the other end and item of upper viscous damper Shape block is rotatably mounted on together, and one end of lower viscous damper is rotatably mounted on together with lower fixed block, lower viscous damping The other end of device is rotatably mounted on together with bar blocks.

2. a kind of bridge energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing mechanism using viscous damper described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is upper viscous Stagnant damper and lower viscous damper are hydraulic damper, and hydraulic damper includes cylinder body, are placed in the piston of cylinder interior, with The piston rod that piston links together；The inner wall and piston of cylinder body form two oil pockets, and piston is equipped with through-hole, and two oil pockets are logical The through-hole made a living beyond the Great Wall is connected.

3. a kind of bridge energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing mechanism using viscous damper according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is upper solid Block is determined equipped with hinged-support, and the end of the cylinder body of upper viscous damper is equipped with articulation block, the end of the piston rod of upper viscous damper Equipped with articulation block, bar blocks are equipped with hinged-support, and articulation block is hinged on hinged-support.

4. a kind of bridge energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing mechanism using viscous damper according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is lower solid Block is determined equipped with hinged-support, and the end of the cylinder body of lower viscous damper is equipped with articulation block, the end of the piston rod of lower viscous damper Equipped with articulation block, bar blocks are equipped with hinged-support, and articulation block is hinged on hinged-support.

5. a kind of bridge energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing mechanism using viscous damper described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterised in that：Upper branch It supports seat and is equipped with gap slot and hole slot, gap slot and hole slot communicate, and bar blocks pass through upper support seat, the first connection from gap slot The end of axis is located in hole slot.

6. a kind of bridge energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing mechanism using viscous damper according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Lower branch It supports seat and is equipped with gap slot and hole slot, gap slot and hole slot communicate, and bar blocks pass through lower support base, the second connection from gap slot The end of axis is located in hole slot.

7. a kind of bridge energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing mechanism using viscous damper according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Upper branch It supports and is equipped with two pieces of rubber pads in the gap slot of seat, two pieces of rubber pads are located at the two sides of bar blocks；It is set in the gap slot of lower support base There are two pieces of rubber pads, two pieces of rubber pads are located at the two sides of bar blocks；First connecting shaft runs through bar blocks and rubber pad, the second connection Axis runs through sliding block and rubber pad.

8. a kind of bridge energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing mechanism using viscous damper described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is upper solid The multiple upper viscous dampers determined between block and bar blocks are equally spaced along short transverse, lower between fixed block and bar blocks Multiple lower viscous dampers are equally spaced along short transverse.

9. a kind of bridge energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing mechanism using viscous damper described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterised in that：Top The two sides of structure and substructure are equipped with damping.