CN108913247B - Antiwear assistant, preparation method thereof, antiwear composition and application thereof - Google Patents

Antiwear assistant, preparation method thereof, antiwear composition and application thereof Download PDF

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CN108913247B
CN108913247B CN201810690976.4A CN201810690976A CN108913247B CN 108913247 B CN108913247 B CN 108913247B CN 201810690976 A CN201810690976 A CN 201810690976A CN 108913247 B CN108913247 B CN 108913247B
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polyisobutylene
antiwear
acid
solvent
anhydride
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CN108913247A (en
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胡涛英
严斌
熊靓
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Shenzhen Guangchangda Petroleum Additive Co ltd
Guangchangda New Material Technology Service Shenzhen Co ltd
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Shenzhen Guangchangda Petroleum Additive Co ltd
Guangchangda New Material Technology Service Shenzhen Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/146—Macromolecular compounds according to different macromolecular groups, mixtures thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/143—Organic compounds mixtures of organic macromolecular compounds with organic non-macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/08—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving lubricity; for reducing wear
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/14—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving low temperature properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/195—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10L1/196—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and a carboxyl group or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical or of salts, anhydrides or esters thereof
    • C10L1/1963—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and a carboxyl group or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical or of salts, anhydrides or esters thereof mono-carboxylic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/195—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10L1/196—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and a carboxyl group or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical or of salts, anhydrides or esters thereof
    • C10L1/1966—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and a carboxyl group or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical or of salts, anhydrides or esters thereof poly-carboxylic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
    • C10L1/224—Amides; Imides carboxylic acid amides, imides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/234—Macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/236—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derivatives thereof
    • C10L1/2364—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derivatives thereof homo- or copolymers derived from unsaturated compounds containing amide and/or imide groups

Abstract

The invention relates to a diesel oil antiwear additive, a preparation method thereof, an antiwear composition and application thereof. The anti-wear additive comprises polyisobutylene succinic acid ester and polyisobutylene succinyl (imino) amine with a certain proportion, and has the advantages of good anti-wear performance, high temperature resistance, wide applicability, good low-temperature fluidity and the like; in addition, in the preparation of the anti-wear additive, the catalyst is adopted to catalyze the addition of the polyisobutylene and the maleic anhydride to obtain the polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, so that the reaction temperature is reduced, the conversion rate of the polyisobutylene is high, and the byproducts are few; the process of synthesizing the anti-wear additive by the polyisobutylene succinic anhydride and the alcohol amine compound does not need to add an esterification catalyst, thereby avoiding a post-treatment process for removing the residual catalyst, simplifying the process flow, reducing the production cost and improving the product quality. The invention also provides a multifunctional anti-wear composition which has a good anti-wear effect, can improve low-temperature fluidity, and has the functions of combustion supporting and corrosion inhibition.

Description

Antiwear assistant, preparation method thereof, antiwear composition and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of diesel oil functional additives, in particular to an antiwear additive, a preparation method thereof, an antiwear composition and application thereof.
Background
With the increasing importance of various countries in the world on the environmental protection problem, the control of the sulfur content index of the diesel oil for vehicles is more and more strict. Based on the requirement of environmental protection laws and regulations, in recent years, domestic oil refineries remove sulfides in diesel oil through a deep processing refining process, but simultaneously remove a plurality of natural components with lubricating functions in the diesel oil, such as aromatic heterocyclic compounds with stronger polarity, nitrogen-containing compounds, acidic substances and the like, so that the lubricating property of the diesel oil is reduced, the problems of insufficient engine power, poor fuel atomization, excessive abrasion of precision parts, failure of a fuel pump and the like are caused, and the service lives of the oil refineries and the fuel pump are shortened.
The addition of the antiwear agent into diesel oil is the simplest and most convenient, and is a widely adopted method for improving the lubricating property of diesel oil and solving the problem of machine abrasion at present, and has the advantages of flexible production, low cost, less pollution and the like. The diesel oil lubricity additive is mainly some polar compounds, such as alcohol, ether, fatty acid ester or amide and salt derivatives thereof. The lubricating effect of alcohol and ether is not obvious, and the alcohol and ether are rarely used at present because higher addition amount is needed to meet the requirement. Fatty acid and ester antiwear agents are mainly used at present. The acid antiwear agent has easily obtained raw materials and low price, but has high acid value, easily causes the over-standard acid value of diesel oil, can cause a certain degree of rust damage of a diesel engine after long-term use, and has poor compatibility with other additives in the diesel oil, for example, the acid antiwear agent is easy to react with an alkaline detergent dispersant to generate sediment, thereby causing the blockage of a fuel injection system. The ester antiwear agent is usually an esterification product of fatty acid and polyhydric alcohol, and although the acid value is reduced, the ester group in the ester antiwear agent has lower polarity than carboxyl and has poor antiwear effect. Therefore, the development of a diesel antiwear agent with high efficiency and low acid value is a research hotspot in the field of current oil additives.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, it is necessary to provide an antiwear additive and a preparation method thereof, so that the antiwear additive has a better antiwear effect.
In addition, an antiwear composition and its use are provided.
An antiwear additive comprises polyisobutylene succinic acid ester and polyisobutylene succinyl (imino) amine, wherein the molar ratio of the polyisobutylene succinic acid ester to the polyisobutylene succinyl (imino) amine is 1: 1-1: 2, wherein the polyisobutylene succinic acid ester is a product of esterification reaction of polyisobutylene succinic anhydride and an alcohol amine compound; the polyisobutylene succinyl (imino) amine is a product of the amidation reaction of polyisobutylene succinic anhydride and an alcohol amine compound.
A preparation method of an antiwear additive comprises the following steps:
under the protective gas atmosphere, polyisobutylene, maleic anhydride and a first solvent react at 120-180 ℃ under the action of a catalyst to prepare polyisobutylene succinic anhydride;
under the protective gas atmosphere, polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, alcohol amine compounds and a second solvent react for 2 to 6 hours at the temperature of between 100 and 130 ℃ to obtain the anti-wear additive;
wherein the molar ratio of the polyisobutylene to the maleic anhydride is 1: 1-1: 1.5; the molar ratio of the polyisobutylene succinic anhydride to the alcohol amine compound is 1: 1.1-1: 2.2.
In one embodiment, the catalyst comprises a carrier and an active component loaded on the carrier, wherein the carrier is at least one of modified silica, alumina and activated carbon, and the active component comprises at least one of iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, chromium, iron oxide, cobalt oxide, nickel oxide, copper oxide and chromium oxide.
In one embodiment, the step of preparing polyisobutylene succinic anhydride by reacting polyisobutylene, maleic anhydride and a first solvent at 120-180 ℃ under the action of a catalyst in a protective gas atmosphere is carried out in a fixed bed reactor, wherein the space velocity of a mixed solution of polyisobutylene, maleic anhydride and the first solvent passing through the catalyst in the fixed bed reactor is 0.5h-1～5h-1。
In one embodiment, the alkanolamine compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of compounds according to the following structural formula:
HO(CH2)kNH(CH2)kOH, wherein k is 1-6; and
HO(CH2)mNH2wherein m is 2-6.
An antiwear composition, comprising, in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of antiwear assistant, 10-20 parts of fatty acid ester, 1-10 parts of fatty acid amino amide and 20-40 parts of diluent, wherein the antiwear assistant is the antiwear assistant obtained by the preparation method of the antiwear assistant.
In one embodiment, the fatty acid ester is an esterification product of an unsaturated linear fatty acid having 8 to 24 carbon atoms and an alcohol having 1 to 6 carbon atoms;
further, the fatty acid ester is an esterification product of an unsaturated linear fatty acid with 16-20 carbon atoms and an alcohol with 1-6 carbon atoms;
still further, the unsaturated linear fatty acid is selected from at least one of coconut oil acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, palmitoleic acid, ricinoleic acid, arachidic acid, and soyaoleic acid;
further, the alcohol having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is at least one selected from methanol, ethanol, glycerol, 1,2, 4-butanetriol, pentaerythritol, xylitol and sorbitol.
In one embodiment, the fatty acid amino amide is an amidation product of unsaturated linear fatty acid with 8-24 carbon atoms and polyene polyamine;
further, the fatty acid amino amide is an amidation product of unsaturated linear fatty acid with 14-18 carbon atoms and polyene polyamine;
still further, the unsaturated linear fatty acid is selected from at least one of oleic acid, linoleic acid, myristoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, and ricinoleic acid;
further, the polyene polyamine is selected from at least one of the compounds according to the following structural formula: NH (NH)2(CH2CH2NH)pH, wherein p is 1-5.
In one embodiment, the modified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer further comprises 0.5 to 5 parts of at least one selected from the group consisting of an ethylene-vinyl acetate-acrylamide copolymer, an ethylene-vinyl acetate-styrene-maleic acid ester copolymer, an ethylene-vinyl acetate-acrylate copolymer, and an ethylene-vinyl acetate-maleic acid ester copolymer.
The use of an antiwear agent as described above or an antiwear composition as described above in diesel antiwear.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1) the antiwear assistant comprises polyisobutylene succinic acid ester and polyisobutylene succinimide (imide) with a certain proportion, and comprises nonpolar long carbon chain polyisobutylene chains and strongly polar ester groups, amino groups, amide groups and other groups, and the structure has the following advantages: a) the strong polar group can be firmly adsorbed on the metal surface to form an adsorption film, and the wear resistance is better than that of an ester antiwear agent; b) compared with the traditional acid or ester antiwear agent, the maleic acid derivative has at least two coordination sites, can form chelate adsorption with metal, and has high stability. In addition, through the hydrogen bond action between amino and amide groups, molecules of the antiwear agent can form a tight net structure on the metal surface, and a good effect can be kept under a high-temperature condition; c) the thickness of an oil film (protective film) can be changed by adjusting the chain length of the polyisobutylene, so that the anti-wear effect of the product is improved; d) the polyisobutene chain adopted by the antiwear additive has a plurality of methyl side chains, is not easy to crystallize, has good low-temperature fluidity, and is convenient for the product to use in winter.
2) In the step of preparing the polyisobutylene succinic anhydride in the preparation method of the anti-wear additive, the catalyst is adopted to catalyze the addition of the polyisobutylene and the maleic anhydride to obtain the polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, so that the reaction temperature can be obviously reduced, the conversion rate is high, the byproducts are few, the product color is light, and the anti-wear effect is good; furthermore, in the preparation of the polyisobutylene succinic acid ester and the polyisobutylene succinyl (imino) amine, the anti-wear additive comprising the polyisobutylene succinic acid ester and the polyisobutylene succinyl (imino) amine in a certain ratio can be obtained without adding an esterification catalyst, so that a complex post-treatment process for removing residual catalyst in the traditional ester anti-wear additive preparation is avoided, the process flow is simplified, the production cost is reduced, and the product quality is improved.
3) The above antiwear composition is a multifunctional product, specifically: a. the fatty acid ester and the antiwear additive have a synergistic effect and also have a combustion-supporting effect; b. the ethylene-vinyl acetate modified copolymer can improve the low-temperature fluidity of the product, so that the product is suitable for cold weather in winter; c. the fatty acid amino amide and the antiwear additive have a synergistic effect, and also have a corrosion inhibition effect, so that the corrosion of acidic substances in the diesel oil to an engine is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of one embodiment of a method for making an antiwear agent.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
The antiwear additive comprises polyisobutylene succinic acid ester and polyisobutylene succinyl (imino) amine, wherein the molar ratio of the polyisobutylene succinic acid ester to the polyisobutylene succinyl (imino) amine is 1: 1-1: 2.
In one embodiment, the polyisobutylene succinic acid ester is the product of the esterification reaction of polyisobutylene succinic anhydride and an alcohol amine compound.
In one embodiment, the polyisobutylene succinyl (ene) amine is the amidation reaction product of polyisobutylene succinic anhydride and an alcohol amine compound. The polyisobutylene succinimide (imide) is polyisobutylene succinimide or polyisobutylene succinimide.
Wherein, the alcohol amine compound is at least one of the compounds according to the following structural formula:
HO(CH2)kNH(CH2)kOH, wherein k is 1-6;
HO(CH2)mNH2wherein m is 2-6.
Further, the value of k may also be 2, 3, 4, and the value of m may also be 3, 4.
The antiwear assistant comprises polyisobutylene succinic acid ester and polyisobutylene succinimide (imide) with a certain proportion, and comprises nonpolar long carbon chain polyisobutylene chains and strongly polar ester groups, amino groups, amide groups and other groups, and the structure has the following advantages: a) polar groups can be firmly adsorbed on the surface of metal to form an adsorption film, particularly, the existence of amide groups increases the electrostatic attraction among the molecules of the adsorption film, improves the cohesive energy of the adsorption film, and ensures that the prepared adsorption film of the anti-wear additive is firmer and has better anti-wear performance; b) the maleic acid derivative has at least two coordination groups, the metal adsorption capacity is strong, in addition, hydrogen bond action exists between amino or amide groups, molecules of the antiwear agent can form a firm adsorption film on the metal surface, the thermal stability is high, and therefore good abrasion resistance can be kept under a high-temperature condition; c) the antiwear effect is also related to the thickness of a protective film formed by antiwear agent molecules, the traditional antiwear agent is generally C18 acid or a derivative thereof, the thickness of the formed protective film is fixed, and the antiwear effect on certain diesel oil is not obvious, but the antiwear additive can change the thickness of an oil film (protective film) by adjusting the chain length of polyisobutylene so as to improve the antiwear effect and improve the adaptability of a product; d) the main reason that the traditional acid or ester antiwear agent is poor in low-temperature fluidity is that a linear aliphatic chain is easy to crystallize and separate out, so that great inconvenience is brought to production, storage, transportation and use of the antiwear agent in winter, and a polyisobutylene chain adopted by the invention has a plurality of methyl side chains, is difficult to crystallize and separate out, is good in low-temperature fluidity and is convenient to use at low temperature.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for preparing an antiwear agent according to an embodiment is a method for preparing the antiwear agent. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s110, reacting polyisobutylene, maleic anhydride and a first solvent under the action of a catalyst in a protective gas atmosphere to prepare polyisobutylene succinic anhydride.
In one embodiment, the catalyst comprises a carrier and an active component supported on the carrier, wherein the active component comprises at least one of iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, chromium, iron oxide, cobalt oxide, nickel oxide, copper oxide and chromium oxide. In one embodiment, the support of the catalyst is selected from at least one of modified silica, alumina, and activated carbon.
In one embodiment, the reaction temperature is 120 ℃ to 180 ℃, and further, the reaction temperature may be 140 ℃ or 160 ℃.
In one embodiment, a mixed solution of polyisobutylene, maleic anhydride, and a first solvent is passed through a fixed bed reactor packed with a catalyst for a continuous reaction.
In one embodiment, the space velocity of the mixed solution of the polyisobutylene, the maleic anhydride and the first solvent passing through the catalyst is 0.5h-1～5h-1. It should be noted that the space velocity refers to the total mass of reactants treated per unit mass of catalyst per unit time. Further, the space velocity of the reaction can be 0.8h-1Or 1.5h-1。
In one embodiment, the molar ratio of the polyisobutylene to the maleic anhydride is 1:1 to 1:1.5, and the molar ratio of the polyisobutylene to the maleic anhydride may be 1: 1.3.
In one embodiment, the first solvent is selected from at least one of mesitylene, durene, and heavy aromatics.
In one embodiment, the mass ratio of the sum of the masses of the polyisobutylene and the maleic anhydride to the first solvent is 0.5 to 2.
In one embodiment, the number average molecular weight of the polyisobutylene is 400 to 2000, and further, the number average molecular weight of the polyisobutylene may be 800 or 1500.
In one embodiment, the protective gas is selected from at least one of nitrogen and argon.
The traditional preparation methods of the polyisobutylene succinic anhydride mainly comprise three methods, namely a chlorination method, a heating method and a free radical method. Wherein, the chlorination method adopts chlorine with strong corrosivity and toxicity as raw materials, has strong corrosivity to equipment, serious environmental pollution and higher chlorine content in the product; the thermal addition method adopts high-activity polyisobutene as a raw material, so that the raw material cost is high, the reaction temperature is high, the reaction time is long, the conversion rate of the polyisobutene is low, a plurality of byproducts are generated, and the color of the product is dark; the free radical method has the defects that the reaction is difficult to control due to the addition of the initiator, and a polymer is easy to generate, so that the product yield and the use effect are influenced. According to the invention, the catalyst is adopted to catalyze the addition of the polyisobutylene and the maleic anhydride to obtain the polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, so that the reaction temperature can be obviously reduced, the polymerization side reaction can be inhibited, and the generation of insoluble byproducts can be reduced; the polyisobutene conversion rate is high, the product coking is less, the color is light, and the anti-wear effect of the anti-wear additive is further improved; the continuous reaction operation is convenient, the equipment utilization rate is high, the yield is high, and the production cost is low.
In one embodiment, the prepared polyisobutylene succinic anhydride is subjected to refining treatment, specifically, refining comprises reduced pressure distillation to remove the solvent and unreacted raw materials.
And S120, reacting the polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, the alcohol amine compound and the second solvent at 100-130 ℃ for 2-6 h under the protective gas atmosphere to obtain the anti-wear additive.
In one embodiment, the alkanolamine compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of compounds according to the following structural formula:
HO(CH2)kNH(CH2)kOH, wherein k is 1-6;
HO(CH2)mNH2wherein m is 2-6.
Further, the value of k may also be 2, 3, 4, and the value of m may also be 3, 4. In one embodiment, the second solvent is selected from at least one of toluene, xylene, mesitylene, and tetramethylene.
In one embodiment, the molar ratio of the polyisobutylene succinic anhydride to the alcohol amine compound is 1: 1.1-1: 2.2.
In one embodiment, the mass ratio of the sum of the mass of the polyisobutylene succinic anhydride and the alcohol amine compound to the second solvent is 0.5-2.
In one embodiment, the prepared ester antiwear additive is subjected to refining treatment, specifically, refining comprises reduced pressure distillation to remove solvent, water and unreacted raw materials.
In one embodiment, when the polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, the alcohol amine compound and the second solvent are reacted, the antiwear additive comprising polyisobutylene succinic alcohol ester and polyisobutylene succinimide (imide) in a certain ratio can be prepared by combining appropriate reaction conditions without containing other components except the three components.
In the preparation steps of the anti-wear additive, the anti-wear additive comprising the polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, the alcohol amine compound and the second solvent in a certain ratio can be prepared without adding an esterification catalyst, so that a complex post-treatment process for removing residual catalyst in the traditional ester anti-wear additive preparation is avoided, the process flow is simplified, the production cost is reduced, and the product quality is improved.
An antiwear composition of an embodiment comprises, in parts by weight: 40 to 60 parts of the anti-wear additive or the ester anti-wear additive prepared by the preparation method of the ester anti-wear additive, 10 to 20 parts of fatty acid ester, 1 to 10 parts of fatty acid amino amide, 0.5 to 5 parts of acetic acid-vinyl acetate modified copolymer and 20 to 40 parts of diluent.
In one embodiment, the antiwear additive may also be used in an amount of 50 parts or 55 parts. The antiwear additive comprises polyisobutylene succinic acid alcohol ester and polyisobutylene succinyl (imino) amine, and the molar ratio of the polyisobutylene succinic acid alcohol amine to the polyisobutylene succinyl (imino) amine is 1: 1-1: 2.
In one embodiment, the fatty acid ester may also be used in an amount of 10 parts, 12 parts, or 15 parts. The fatty acid ester is an esterification product of an unsaturated linear fatty acid having 8-24 carbon atoms and an alcohol having 1-6 carbon atoms. Further, the fatty acid ester is an esterification product of an unsaturated linear fatty acid having 16 to 20 carbon atoms and an alcohol having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Still further, the unsaturated linear fatty acid is selected from at least one of coconut oil acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, palmitoleic acid, ricinoleic acid, arachidic acid, and soyaoleic acid. The alcohol having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is at least one selected from methanol, ethanol, glycerol, 1,2, 4-butanetriol, pentaerythritol, xylitol and sorbitol.
In one embodiment, the fatty acid amino amide may also be used in an amount of 4 parts, 6 parts, or 8 parts. The fatty acid amino amide is an amidation product of unsaturated linear fatty acid with 8-24 carbon atoms and polyene polyamine. Further, the fatty acid amino amide is an amidation product of unsaturated linear fatty acid with 14-18 carbon atoms and polyene polyamine. Still further, the unsaturated linear fatty acid is selected from at least one of oleic acid, linoleic acid, myristoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, and ricinoleic acid. The polyene polyamine is selected from at least one of the compounds according to the following structural formula: NH (NH)2(CH2CH2NH)pH, wherein p is 1-5; further, the value of p can also be 3, 4 or 5.
In one embodiment, the ethylene-vinyl acetate modified copolymer may also be used in an amount of 1 part, 2 parts, or 3 parts. The ethylene-vinyl acetate modified copolymer is at least one selected from ethylene-vinyl acetate-acrylamide copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate-styrene-maleic acid ester copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate-acrylic ester copolymer and ethylene-vinyl acetate-maleic acid ester copolymer.
In one embodiment, the ethylene-vinyl acetate modified copolymer has a number average molecular weight of 2000 to 8000. Further, the ethylene-vinyl acetate modified copolymer is an ethylene-vinyl acetate-styrene-maleic acid ester copolymer with the number average molecular weight of 4000-6000 or an ethylene-vinyl acetate-acrylate copolymer with the number average molecular weight of 4000-6000.
In one embodiment, the diluent is selected from at least one of toluene, xylene, heavy aromatics, petroleum ether, n-heptane, octanol, nonanol, decanol, and heptanol.
In one embodiment, the antiwear composition comprises, in parts by weight: 45-55 parts of the antiwear additive, 10-15 parts of fatty acid ester, 4-8 parts of fatty acid amino amide, 25-35 parts of diluent and 1-3 parts of acetic acid-vinyl acetate modified copolymer.
The antiwear composition comprises an antiwear additive, fatty acid ester and fatty acid amino amide in a certain ratio, and on one hand, the antiwear additive comprises polyisobutylene succinic acid ester and polyisobutylene succinyl (imino) amine in a certain ratio, so that the antiwear composition has a better antiwear effect; on the other hand, the antiwear additive, the fatty acid ester and the fatty acid amino amide also have a certain synergistic effect, and the molecular compounding of different types of antiwear agents can enhance the adaptability of the antiwear agent and improve the antiwear performance. The fatty acid amide has smaller volume and can be inserted into the molecular gap on the adsorption film formed by the anti-wear additive adsorbed on the metal surface, so that the adsorption film is more compact and firmer, and the anti-wear performance is further improved; in addition, the fatty acid amino amide also has a corrosion inhibition effect, and can inhibit the corrosion of acidic substances in the diesel oil to engine components. In addition, the fatty acid ester has the combustion-supporting effect, can promote the diesel oil to be fully combusted, saves the diesel oil and improves the tail gas emission of the diesel engine.
Furthermore, the ethylene-vinyl acetate modified copolymer component added into the composition can reduce the condensation point of the antiwear composition and improve the low-temperature fluidity, so that the antiwear composition is suitable for low-temperature environment. The addition of the ethylene-vinyl acetate modified copolymer can also improve the flexibility of molecules of the antiwear agent, is beneficial to forming a compact adsorption film on the metal surface and improving the antiwear effect,
in other embodiments, the ethylene-vinyl acetate modified copolymer may be omitted.
When the antiwear additive or the antiwear composition is applied to diesel oil antiwear, the addition amount of the antiwear additive or the antiwear composition in the diesel oil is 50ppm to 500 ppm. Further, the above antiwear agent or antiwear composition may be added to diesel fuel in an amount of 100ppm or 200 ppm.
The following are examples of the following (the following examples, unless otherwise specified, contain no other components not specifically indicated except for unavoidable impurities):
example 1
The antiwear agent of this example was prepared as follows:
in the nitrogen atmosphere, a mixed solution of 80g of polyisobutylene (number average molecular weight 800), 12.7g of maleic anhydride and 100g of mixed trimethylbenzene is reacted in a fixed bed reactor filled with a catalyst, the effluent is subjected to reduced pressure distillation to obtain polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, the conversion rate of the polyisobutylene is 97.8 percent, wherein the reaction temperature is 140 ℃, the catalyst is a supported iron catalyst, the carrier of the catalyst is modified silica, and the space velocity of the mixed solution passing through the catalyst is 0.8h-1(ii) a Under the nitrogen atmosphere, 87g of polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, 18g of diethanolamine and 130g of xylene are reacted for 5 hours at 120 ℃, and then reduced pressure distillation is carried out to obtain the antiwear additive A, wherein the antiwear additive A comprises polyisobutylene succinic acid alcohol ester and polyisobutylene succinimide, and the molar ratio of the polyisobutylene succinic acid alcohol amine to the polyisobutylene succinimide (imide) is 1: 1.5.
Example 2
The antiwear agent of this example was prepared as follows:
in the nitrogen atmosphere, a mixed solution of 150g of polyisobutylene (number average molecular weight 1500), 11.7g of maleic anhydride and 150g of mixed tetramethylbenzene is reacted in a fixed bed reactor filled with a catalyst, the effluent is subjected to reduced pressure distillation to obtain polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, the conversion rate of the polyisobutylene is 97.0 percent, wherein the reaction temperature is 160 ℃, the catalyst is a supported nickel catalyst, the carrier of the catalyst is alumina, and the space velocity of the mixed solution passing through the catalyst is 3h-1(ii) a 153g of polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, 19g of dipropanolamine and 200g of mixed trimethylbenzene are reacted for 3 hours at 130 ℃ in nitrogen atmosphere, and then the pressure reduction distillation is carried out to obtain the antiwear additive B, wherein the antiwear additive B comprises polyisobutylene succinic acid ester and polyisobutylene succinimide, and the molar ratio of the polyisobutylene succinic acid ester to the polyisobutylene succinimide (imide) is 1: 1.6.
Example 3
The antiwear agent of this example was prepared as follows:
in the nitrogen atmosphere, a mixed solution of 40g of polyisobutylene (number average molecular weight 400), 14.7g of maleic anhydride and 100g of mixed trimethylbenzene is reacted in a fixed bed reactor filled with a catalyst, the effluent is subjected to reduced pressure distillation to obtain polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, the conversion rate of the polyisobutylene is 95.6 percent, wherein the reaction temperature is 120 ℃, the catalyst is a supported iron-copper alloy catalyst, the carrier of the catalyst is activated carbon, and the space velocity of the mixed solution passing through the catalyst is 1.5h-1(ii) a Reacting 47g of polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, 33.6g of dibutanolamine and 90g of toluene at 100 ℃ for 6 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere, and then carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain an antiwear additive C, wherein the antiwear additive C comprises polyisobutylene succinic acid ester and polyisobutylene succinimide, and the molar ratio of the polyisobutylene succinic acid ester to the polyisobutylene succinimide (imide) is 1: 1.2.
Example 4
The antiwear agent of this example was prepared as follows:
in the nitrogen atmosphere, a mixed solution of 200g of polyisobutylene (number average molecular weight 2000), 10g of maleic anhydride and 180g of heavy aromatic hydrocarbon is reacted in a fixed bed reactor filled with a catalyst, the effluent is subjected to reduced pressure distillation to obtain polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, the conversion rate of the polyisobutylene is 93.1 percent, wherein the reaction temperature is 180 ℃, the catalyst is a supported cobalt oxide catalyst, the carrier of the catalyst is modified silicon dioxide, and the space velocity of the mixed solution passing through the catalyst is 4h-1(ii) a Reacting 193g of polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, 8.2g of butanol amine and 210g of xylene at 110 ℃ for 2 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere, and then carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain an antiwear additive D, wherein the antiwear additive D comprises polyisobutylene succinic acid ester and polyisobutylene succinimide, and the molar ratio of the polyisobutylene succinic acid ester to the polyisobutylene succinimide (imide) is 1: 1.8.
Example 5
The antiwear agent of this example was prepared as follows:
160g of high-activity polyisobutene (number average molecular weight 800) and 47g of maleic anhydride are reacted for 6h at 195 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain polyisobutene succinic anhydride, wherein the polyisobutene conversion rate is 62.5%; and then reacting 110g of polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, 22g of diethanolamine, 180g of toluene and 0.66g of p-toluenesulfonic acid at 100 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the antiwear aid E, wherein the main component of the antiwear aid E is polyisobutylene succinic acid alcohol ester.
Examples 6 to 19
The antiwear additive (A, B, C, D, E) prepared in example 1-5 was mixed with fatty acid ester (a, b, c, d, e), fatty acid amide (i, ii, iii, iv, v), acetic acid-vinyl acetate modified copolymer and diluent to prepare an antiwear composition.
The components and parts by weight of the antiwear compositions of examples 6 to 19 are shown in table 1.
Wherein, the fatty acid ester a is an esterification product of coconut oil acid and sorbitol;
the fatty acid ester b is an esterification product of linoleic acid and methanol;
the fatty acid ester c is an esterification product of linolenic acid and 1,2, 4-butanetriol;
the fatty acid ester d is an esterification product of palmitoleic acid and pentaerythritol;
the fatty acid ester e is an esterification product of 2-dodecenoic acid and methanol;
the fatty acid amino amide I is an amidation product of oleic acid and triethylene tetramine;
the fatty acid amino amide II is an amidation product of myristic acid and tetraethylenepentamine;
the fatty acid amino amide III is an amidation product of palmitoleic acid and pentaethylene hexamine;
the fatty acid amino amide IV is an amidation product of linoleic acid and diethylenetriamine;
the fatty acid amino amide V is an amidation product of 2-dodecenoic acid and triethylene tetramine;
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0001712768280000141
Figure BDA0001712768280000151
The anti-wear composition prepared in the above examples 6 to 19 was added to elmin diesel oil for detection, and a blank diesel oil and a diesel oil added with a commercial BYT-007 anti-wear agent (chemical industry, dennbia) were used as a comparison, and the specific detection method was as follows:
1. abrasion resistance: the measurement is carried out according to SH/T0765 & 2005 & ltDiesel lubricity evaluation method (high-frequency reciprocating testing machine method) & gt; the result is shown in Table 2, and meets the specification of Q/SHCG 57-2014 technical requirement of diesel antiwear agent that the WS 1.4/mum of additivated diesel is less than or equal to 420).
2. Solidifying point: the determination is carried out according to GB/T510-1983 petroleum product condensation point determination method; the result is shown in Table 2, and meets the specification of Q/SHCG 57-2014 technical requirements of diesel antiwear agent that the pour point of additivated diesel is less than or equal to-16 ℃.
3. Acid value: measuring according to GB/T7304-; the results are shown in Table 2, and the additive diesel oil meets the requirements of Q/SHCG 57-2014 technical requirements on diesel oil antiwear agents that the acid value of the additive diesel oil is less than or equal to 2 mgKOH/g.
4. Contaminants: the pollutant emission test adopts a JX493ZLQ4 type diesel engine, the test conditions meet the relevant regulations of GB/T18297-2001 and GB17691-2005 standards, the rotating speed of a diesel engine test bed is 2000r/min, the running power is 40kW, and the emission of Hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) is measured, and the results are shown in Table 2.
5. And (3) corrosion inhibition efficiency: hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 15% is used as a corrosion medium, and the corrosion inhibition efficiency of the antiwear composition prepared in examples 6-19 on A3 steel sheets is tested by using a hanging piece weight loss method, wherein the test temperature is 90 ℃, and the soaking time is 5 hours.
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0001712768280000161
Figure BDA0001712768280000171
As can be seen from Table 2, the antiwear compositions prepared in examples 6 to 19 have good lubricity when added to diesel oil, and the condensation point and the acid value both meet the standards, and are superior to those of BYT-007 commercially available except for the acid value of example 14 and the condensation point of example 17; in addition, the lubricity, the condensation point and the acid value of the antiwear composition prepared in example 14 are far lower than those of the antiwear composition prepared in other examples, which shows that the antiwear additive or the antiwear composition prepared by the process of the present invention has low condensation point, low acid value and good antiwear effect, while the antiwear additive prepared by the heat-addition method has far lower use effect than that of the antiwear composition prepared by the method of the present invention. From the standpoint of pollutant emissions and corrosion inhibition efficiency, the antiwear compositions of the present invention are superior to commercially available BYT-007 whereas example 18 lacks the fatty acid ester component, thus pollutant emissions are comparable to commercially available BYT-007 and the blank group only, and examples 6, 9, 15 have significantly less pollutant emissions than the other examples because the combustion supporting effect of the fatty acid methyl esters is superior to that of the other fatty acid esters. Example 19, lacking the fatty acid amide component, showed a corrosion inhibition efficiency comparable to that of commercial BYT-007. Therefore, the anti-wear additive or the anti-wear composition prepared by the invention has low acid value and good anti-wear effect, can obviously improve the low-temperature fluidity of diesel oil, promotes the full combustion of the diesel oil, inhibits the corrosion of acidic substances, and has wide application prospect.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The antiwear additive is characterized by comprising polyisobutylene succinic acid ester and polyisobutylene succinyl (imino) amine, wherein the molar ratio of the polyisobutylene succinic acid ester to the polyisobutylene succinyl (imino) amine is 1: 1-1: 2, wherein the polyisobutylene succinic acid ester is a product of esterification reaction of polyisobutylene succinic anhydride and an alcohol amine compound; the polyisobutylene butanedioic anhydride (imide) is a product of an amidation reaction of polyisobutylene butanedioic anhydride and an alcohol amine compound, the antiwear additive is obtained by reacting the polyisobutylene butanedioic anhydride and the alcohol amine compound in a second solvent, and the polyisobutylene butanedioic anhydride and the alcohol amine compound do not contain other components except the polyisobutylene butanedioic anhydride, the alcohol amine compound and the second solvent when reacting in the second solvent, the polyisobutylene butanedioic anhydride is obtained by reacting polyisobutylene, maleic anhydride and a first solvent in a fixed bed reactor filled with a catalyst, the first solvent is selected from at least one of mixed trimethylbenzene, mixed tetramethylbenzene and heavy aromatic hydrocarbon, and the second solvent is selected from at least one of toluene, xylene, mixed trimethylbenzene and mixed tetramethylbenzene.
2. The preparation method of the antiwear additive is characterized by comprising the following steps:
under the protective gas atmosphere, polyisobutylene, maleic anhydride and a first solvent react at 120-180 ℃ under the action of a catalyst to prepare polyisobutylene succinic anhydride;
reacting the polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, the alcohol amine compound and the second solvent at 100-130 ℃ for 2-6 h under the atmosphere of protective gas to obtain the anti-wear additive;
wherein the molar ratio of the polyisobutylene to the maleic anhydride is 1: 1-1: 1.5; the molar ratio of the polyisobutylene succinic anhydride to the alcohol amine compound is 1: 1.1-1: 2.2;
the method comprises the following steps of reacting polyisobutylene, maleic anhydride and a first solvent at 120-180 ℃ under the action of a catalyst in a protective gas atmosphere to prepare polyisobutylene succinic anhydride in a fixed bed reactor;
the first solvent is selected from at least one of mixed trimethylbenzene, mixed tetramethylbenzene and heavy aromatic hydrocarbon, and the second solvent is selected from at least one of toluene, xylene, mixed trimethylbenzene and mixed tetramethylbenzene;
the step of reacting the polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, the alcohol amine compound and the second solvent at the temperature of 100-130 ℃ for 2-6 h does not contain other components except the polyisobutylene succinic anhydride, the alcohol amine compound and the second solvent.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the catalyst comprises a carrier and an active ingredient supported on the carrier, wherein the carrier is at least one of modified silica, alumina and activated carbon, and the active ingredient comprises at least one of iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, chromium, iron oxide, cobalt oxide, nickel oxide, copper oxide and chromium oxide.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the space velocity of the mixture of polyisobutylene, maleic anhydride and first solvent passing over the catalyst in the fixed bed reactor is 0.5h-1~5h-1。
5. The process for the preparation of an antiwear agent according to claim 2, wherein the alkanolamine compound is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds corresponding to the following structural formulae:
HO(CH2)kNH(CH2)kOH, wherein k = 1-6; and
HO(CH2)mNH2wherein m =2~ 6.
6. An antiwear composition is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: 40-60 parts of an anti-wear additive, 10-20 parts of fatty acid ester, 1-10 parts of fatty acid amino amide and 20-40 parts of a diluent, wherein the anti-wear additive is the anti-wear additive disclosed in claim 1 or obtained by the preparation method of the anti-wear additive disclosed in any one of claims 2-5.
7. The antiwear composition according to claim 6, wherein the fatty acid ester is an esterification product of an unsaturated linear fatty acid having 8 to 24 carbon atoms and an alcohol having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; wherein the unsaturated linear fatty acid with 8-24 carbon atoms is selected from at least one of coconut oil acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, palmitoleic acid, ricinoleic acid, arachidic acid and soya oil acid; the alcohol with 1-6 carbon atoms is selected from at least one of methanol, ethanol, glycerol, 1,2, 4-butanetriol, pentaerythritol, xylitol and sorbitol.
8. The antiwear composition according to claim 6, wherein the fatty acid amide is an amidation product of an unsaturated linear fatty acid having 8 to 24 carbon atoms and a polyene polyamine, wherein the unsaturated linear fatty acid having 8 to 24 carbon atoms is selected from at least one of oleic acid, linoleic acid, myristic acid, palmitoleic acid, and ricinoleic acid; the polyene polyamine is selected from at least one of the compounds according to the following structural formula: NH (NH)2(CH2CH2NH)pH, wherein p = 1-5.
9. The antiwear composition according to claim 6, further comprising 0.5 to 5 parts of an ethylene-vinyl acetate modified copolymer selected from at least one of an ethylene-vinyl acetate-acrylamide copolymer, an ethylene-vinyl acetate-styrene-maleic acid ester copolymer, an ethylene-vinyl acetate-acrylate copolymer, and an ethylene-vinyl acetate-maleic acid ester copolymer.
10. Use of an antiwear agent according to claim 1 or an antiwear composition according to any one of claims 6 to 9 in diesel antiwear.
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