CN108910923A - A kind of method of alumina producing Bayer process - Google Patents
A kind of method of alumina producing Bayer process Download PDFInfo
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- CN108910923A CN108910923A CN201810887435.0A CN201810887435A CN108910923A CN 108910923 A CN108910923 A CN 108910923A CN 201810887435 A CN201810887435 A CN 201810887435A CN 108910923 A CN108910923 A CN 108910923A
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- red mud
- mother liquor
- setting tank
- dilution
- bayer process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
- C01F7/02—Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
- C01F7/04—Preparation of alkali metal aluminates; Aluminium oxide or hydroxide therefrom
- C01F7/14—Aluminium oxide or hydroxide from alkali metal aluminates
- C01F7/144—Aluminium oxide or hydroxide from alkali metal aluminates from aqueous aluminate solutions by precipitation due to cooling, e.g. as part of the Bayer process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
- C01F7/02—Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
- C01F7/44—Dehydration of aluminium oxide or hydroxide, i.e. all conversions of one form into another involving a loss of water
- C01F7/441—Dehydration of aluminium oxide or hydroxide, i.e. all conversions of one form into another involving a loss of water by calcination
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of alumina producing Bayer process, and the method comprising the steps of:Dilution desiliconization slot and/or red mud setting tank and/or red mud setting tank is added to the underflow flow path between once washing subsider in 2~20% evaporation mother liquor;Remaining evaporation mother liquor is for preparing bauxite ore pulp.By the way that any position of dilution desiliconization slot, red mud setting tank, red mud setting tank into the underflow flow path between once washing subsider is added in the evaporation mother liquor of fraction, molecular proportion α k can be significantly improved, and feed liquid temperature, the hydrolysising loss of sodium aluminate solution is reduced in processes such as dilution, sedimentation separation, washings to realize, the ascensional range for effectively reducing outlet red mud A/S reduces the loss of aluminium oxide.Mother liquor is evaporated by effective use, improves the Rp value of sperm, realizes energy efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of alumina production, and in particular to a kind of method of alumina producing Bayer process.
Background technique
The alumina producing overwhelming majority uses bayer process at present, and existing Bayer process process for making alumina is referring to figure
1, bauxite and evaporation mother liquor, lime are sent into raw material grinding-in mine and are milled into qualified ore pulp, the high pressure digestion after pre-desiliconizing obtains
Dissolved mineral slurry enter dilution desiliconization slot mixed with red mud primary wash liquor, dilution desiliconization after slurry through red mud setting tank sedimentation liquid
Gu separation, the multiple back flush outlet of sedimentation separation underflow, that is, solid phase red mud, red mud primary wash liquor, which returns, to be used, and sedimentation separation is overflow
Stream i.e. crude liquid is refined into sperm by filtering, sends to decomposition process decomposition, the seed precipitation solution (sodium aluminate after decomposition after solid-liquor separation
Solution is defined as seed precipitation solution in alumina producing) enter evaporization process, crystal seed is done in the return of solid aluminum hydroxide a part, and one
Roaster is gone to be fired into aluminium oxide after portion washes, evaporation mother liquor is (by being concentrated by evaporation for salt discharge or material process with mining
Sodium aluminate solution, evaporation mother liquor is defined as in alumina producing) continue material process ore matching.
Sedimentation process is the important procedure of alumina producer, and the A/S of red mud can rise when general exsolution red mud reaches outlet red mud
High by 0.1 or so, predominantly caused by sodium aluminate solution hydrolysis, and sedimentation separation underflow is big compared with the hydrolysis degree of laterite washing overflow.
Red mud A/S, which is increased, will cause the loss of aluminium oxide, as 4 years statistics of certain factory show red mud A/S lift-off value 0.085~
0.185 range is counted with 400,000 tons of scales, and outlet red mud A/S is every to increase 0.01, loses 101 tons of aluminium oxide, then the factory year highest
2.25 ten thousand tons of aluminium oxide can be lost.
Consumption reduction synergy has become the main direction of studying in current alumina producing.In traditional aluminum oxide production process
The Rp of dissolved mineral slurry after high pressure digestion is 1.119~1.192 (Rp=1.645/ α k), and dissolved mineral slurry enters dilution trap and red mud
Primary wash liquor (red mud primary wash liquor is the overflow that a laterite washing subsider comes out) mixing is diluted, and Rp is adjusted to
1.082~1.119.The Rp of red mud primary wash liquor is lower, caused by being mainly exactly sodium aluminate solution hydrolysis.The aluminium hydroxide of hydrolysis
With red mud outlet, evaporates mother liquor and all take away ore matching, this certainly will form the increase of aluminium oxide unit consumption.Currently, most of aluminium oxide
Factory owner will be by reducing exsolution red mud A/S, raising subsider temperature, reduction separating underflow L/S, improveing material flow, stable heavy
The measures such as slot operation are dropped to reduce the loss of outlet aluminium oxide, but unresolved fundamental issue.Outlet red mud A/S rises, aluminic acid
Sodium solution hydrolysis factors account for 50% or so, and for the A/S of industrial outlet red mud 1.3 or so, poor reaches 2.0 or so.At present also
Effective solution of alumina loss is not caused for hydrolysis.
Summary of the invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing a kind of methods of alumina producing Bayer process, effectively solution aluminic acid
Alumina loss caused by sodium solution hydrolyzes, while improving the cycle efficieny of pregnant Bayer process liquor.
In order to solve the above technical problems, one technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:A kind of alumina producing Bayer process
Method, including step:
Dilution desiliconization slot and/or red mud setting tank and/or red mud setting tank is added to primary in 2~20% evaporation mother liquor
Underflow flow path between washing settling groove;Remaining evaporation mother liquor is for preparing bauxite ore pulp.
Wherein, the temperature of the evaporation mother liquor is greater than 80 DEG C, and Nk concentration is greater than 180 grams per liters, and molecular proportion α k is greater than 2.2.
As a preferred embodiment, the middle and lower part that 2~20% evaporation mother liquor is added to red mud setting tank is starched
In liquid.
As a preferred embodiment, the middle and lower part that 2~20% evaporation mother liquor is added to dilution desiliconization slot is starched
In liquid.
The method of alumina producing Bayer process provided by the invention, in the Process ba- sis of existing alumina producing Bayer process
On improved, improvement is, will evaporation mother liquor be split into two parts, distribute 2~20% evaporation mother liquor be added dilution
Desiliconization slot and/or red mud setting tank and/or red mud setting tank are to the underflow flow path between once washing subsider, remaining evaporation
Mother liquor is according to existing process design for preparing bauxite ore pulp.Dilute desiliconization slot, feed liquid and stream in red mud setting tank
Red mud setting tank underflow before to once washing subsider, since sodium aluminate solution concentration therein is relatively low, molecular proportion α k is small,
And temperature is low, therefore easily causes the hydrolysis of sodium aluminate solution, causes outlet red mud A/S to rise, causes the loss of aluminium oxide.It is logical
It crosses and dilution desiliconization slot, red mud setting tank, red mud setting tank is added between once washing subsider in the evaporation mother liquor of fraction
Underflow flow path in any position, molecular proportion α k and feed liquid temperature can be significantly improved, with realize dilution, sedimentation point
From the hydrolysising loss that the processes such as, washing reduce sodium aluminate solution, effectively reduces the ascensional range of outlet red mud A/S, reduce oxidation
The loss of aluminium.By the study found that hydrolysis occurs mainly in first and second washing process of red mud setting tank and laterite washing, especially
It is the underflow part of red mud setting tank, and the addition of high temperature, high concentration, high α k evaporation mother liquor improves red mud setting tank underflow
The liquid phase stability of slurries, due to improving liquid phase α k, in subsequent washing system since α k meets or exceeds its original water
α k value caused by solution will not continue that conduct hydrolysis occurs.Mother liquor is evaporated by effective use, improves the Rp value of sperm, is realized
Energy efficiency.
Due to containing a large amount of Al in evaporation mother liquor2O3, content is 130g/L or so, it is therefore desirable to less evaporation mother liquor
The upper dilution of production can be met for Al2O3The requirement of concentration, the results showed, it is only necessary to distribute 2~20% evaporation
Dilution desiliconization slot and/or red mud setting tank and/or red mud setting tank is added to the underflow stream between once washing subsider in mother liquor
It is red can to effectively reduce outlet still according to existing process design for preparing bauxite ore pulp for road, remaining evaporation mother liquor
The ascensional range of mud A/S reduces the loss of aluminium oxide, improves aluminium oxide yield.
The present invention can also reduce the consumption of alkali, the reason is that:High pressure digestion slurry Rp is than traditional Rp high namely α k ratio
Traditional α k is low, correspondingly increases needed for dilution with liquid measure, and the semen volume of generation also increases, and increasing for semen volume correspondinglys increase
The yield of alumina product, due to dissolving out the raising of Rp, the alkali number being incorporated needed for dissolving out just reduces, and alkaline consumption reduces.
The method of alumina producing Bayer process provided by the invention improves the cycle efficieny of Bayer process evaporation mother liquor, drop
Low hydrolysising loss, improves the rate of recovery of aluminium oxide, has reached raising aluminium oxide yield, reduced the purpose of alkaline consumption.The present invention
With extensive economy, social value, it is easy to Alumina Enterprise popularization and application.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is existing alumina producing Bayer process process flow chart;
Fig. 2 is a kind of alumina producing Bayer process process flow chart provided by the invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, technical solution of the present invention is described in detail.
It is a kind of alumina producing Bayer process process flow chart provided by the invention such as Fig. 2.By with Fig. 1 is existing visits
Ear method production alumina technology flow chart is compared, and the present invention is carried out on the Process ba- sis of existing alumina producing Bayer process
It improves, improvement is, evaporation mother liquor is split into two parts, dilution desiliconization slot is added in the evaporation mother liquor for distributing 2~20%
And/or red mud setting tank and/or red mud setting tank, to the underflow flow path between once washing subsider, remaining evaporation mother liquor is pressed
According to existing process design for preparing bauxite ore pulp, that is, returns to and grind with mine order.
Dilution desiliconization slot, red mud setting tank, red mud setting tank to one can be added in the evaporation mother liquor of 2~20% distributed
Any position in underflow flow path between secondary washing settling groove.Such as the addition dilution desiliconization slot or red mud of the property of can choose are heavy
Slot or red mud setting tank are dropped into the underflow flow path between once washing subsider, and it can also be in dilution desiliconization slot, red-mud settlement
Evaporation mother liquor is added into the underflow flow path between once washing subsider for slot and red mud setting tank.
Specifically, temperature is greater than 80 DEG C, Nk concentration (Na by the method for alumina producing Bayer process provided by the invention2O
Concentration) be greater than 180 grams per liters, molecular proportion α k greater than 2.2 (or Rp is less than 0.748, Rp=1.645/ α k) evaporation mother liquor shunt
At two parts, wherein 2~20% fraction evaporation mother liquor is injected into the dilution desiliconization for easily causing sodium aluminate solution hydrolysis
Slot, one or several positions of red mud setting tank and any position before red mud setting tank underflow to once washing subsider,
When exsolution red mud A/S is 1.0~1.15, outlet red mud A/S is 1.05~1.15, and outlet red mud A/S rises small;Residue evaporation
Mother liquor returns to raw alumina dissolving-out process section according to original process.
When evaporating mother liquor injection red mud setting tank, it is preferably injected into the red-mud settlement for easily causing sodium aluminate solution hydrolysis
In the slurries of the lower half bottom of slot, effect is more preferable.
Equally, it when evaporating mother liquor injection dilution desiliconization slot, is preferably injected into and easily causes the dilute of sodium aluminate solution hydrolysis
It releases in the slurries of lower half bottom of desiliconization slot, effect is more preferable.
Using the method for alumina producing Bayer process provided by the invention, grinds the qualified ore pulp that ore matching obtains and pass through high pressure
Dissolution, into dilution desiliconization slot, the red mud primary wash liquor for being 0.914~1.028 with Rp value is mixed, the slurry Rp after diluting desiliconization
It is 1.192~1.237, stripping slurry Rp is 1.219~1.316, and exsolution red mud A/S is 1.0~1.15, through settling solid-liquor separation
Afterwards, red mud outlet after multiple back flush, outlet red mud A/S are 1.05~1.15, and overflow crude liquid is refined into essence by leaf filter
Decomposition is sent in liquid, Rp >=1.15, the seed precipitation solution devaporation after decomposition after solid-liquor separation, solid aluminum hydroxide a part
Crystal seed is done in return, and a part goes roaster to be fired into aluminium oxide, evaporation mother liquor is obtained after decomposition nut liquid evaporation.
Specific embodiment is set forth below to illustrate technical solution of the present invention and effect.
Embodiment 1
Bauxite, lime and evaporation mother liquor enter raw material and are milled into qualified ore pulp, molten through high pressure digestion after pre-desiliconizing
Slurry Rp is 1.220 out, and stripping slurry enters dilution desiliconization slot, shunts 90 DEG C of 5%, the evaporation of α k=2.8, Nk=200g/L
Mother liquor is added in dilution desiliconization trench bottom slurry, that is, is added to the about one third height position that dilution desiliconization slot is counted from bottom
It sets, (Rp value is 0.914) dilution stripping slurry is mixed with red mud primary wash liquor, the slurry Rp after diluting desiliconization is 1.192, through heavy
After dropping solid-liquor separation, multiple back flush, exsolution red mud A/S is 1.11, and outlet red mud A/S is 1.161, outlet red mud A/S liter
For high-amplitude less than 0.06, alumina loss is few, and overflow crude liquid is refined into sperm by leaf filter, sends to decomposition, liquid divides admittedly after decomposition
Crystal seed is done in seed precipitation solution devaporation from after, the return of solid aluminum hydroxide a part, and a part goes roaster to be fired into aluminium oxide.
Embodiment 2
Bauxite, lime and evaporation mother liquor enter raw material and are milled into qualified ore pulp, molten through high pressure digestion after pre-desiliconizing
Slurry Rp is 1.315 out, and stripping slurry enters dilution desiliconization slot, and the red mud primary wash liquor for being 1.018 with Rp value mixes, and dilution is de-
Slurry Rp after silicon is 1.235, in red mud setting tank, shunts 110 DEG C of 10%, the evaporation mother liquor of α k=3.0, Nk=180g/L
It removes the underflow mixing channel of red mud setting tank, after the multiple back flush of red mud, is 1.15 in stripping slurry red mud A/S, obtains outlet
Red mud A/S is 1.20, so that A/S elevation amplitude is 0.050, overflow crude liquid is refined into sperm by leaf filter, sends to decomposition, is decomposed
Crystal seed is done in seed precipitation solution devaporation after solid-liquor separation afterwards, the return of solid aluminum hydroxide a part, and a part goes roaster to roast
At aluminium oxide.
Embodiment 3
Bauxite, lime and evaporation mother liquor enter raw material and are milled into qualified ore pulp, molten through high pressure digestion after pre-desiliconizing
Slurry Rp is 1.286 out, and stripping slurry enters dilution trap, is mixed with red mud primary wash liquor (Rp value is 0.983), after diluting desiliconization
Slurry Rp be 1.201, in red mud setting tank, shunt 100 DEG C of 20%, α k=2.70, Nk=220g/L evaporation mother liquor go
Red-mud settlement trench bottom mud layer part after the multiple back flush of red mud, is 1.142 in stripping slurry red mud A/S, it is red to obtain outlet
Mud A/S is 1.178, so that A/S elevation amplitude is 0.036, overflow crude liquid is refined into sperm by leaf filter, sends to decomposition, is decomposed
Crystal seed is done in seed precipitation solution devaporation after solid-liquor separation afterwards, the return of solid aluminum hydroxide a part, and a part goes roaster to roast
At aluminium oxide.
It can be illustrated by above embodiments, the method for alumina producing Bayer process provided by the invention effectively reduces
The A/S of outlet red mud, reduces hydrolysising loss, improves the rate of recovery of aluminium oxide, has reached raising aluminium oxide yield, has mentioned simultaneously
The high cycle efficieny of Bayer process evaporation mother liquor, reduces alkaline consumption.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, all to utilize this hair
Equivalent structure transformation made by bright specification and accompanying drawing content is applied directly or indirectly in other relevant technical fields,
It is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method of alumina producing Bayer process, which is characterized in that including step:
Dilution desiliconization slot and/or red mud setting tank and/or red mud setting tank is added to once washing in 2~20% evaporation mother liquor
Underflow flow path between subsider;Remaining evaporation mother liquor is for preparing bauxite ore pulp.
2. the method for alumina producing Bayer process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the temperature of the evaporation mother liquor
Greater than 80 DEG C, Nk concentration is greater than 180 grams per liters, and molecular proportion α k is greater than 2.2.
3. the method for alumina producing Bayer process according to claim 2, which is characterized in that 2~20% evaporation is female
Liquid is added in the middle and lower part slurries of red mud setting tank.
4. the method for alumina producing Bayer process according to claim 2, which is characterized in that 2~20% evaporation is female
Liquid is added in the middle and lower part slurries of dilution desiliconization slot.
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Cited By (2)
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CN109704376A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-05-03 | 湖南绿脉环保科技有限公司 | A kind of Bayer process coproduction chemical aluminum oxide production method |
CN112299459A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-02-02 | 沈阳工业大学 | Method for preventing hydrolysis in separation process of bauxite dissolution experiment |
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CN112299459A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-02-02 | 沈阳工业大学 | Method for preventing hydrolysis in separation process of bauxite dissolution experiment |
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