CN108909935B - Pressure-resistant device of manned submersible - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a pressure-resistant device for a manned submersible, comprising a pressure-resistant shell. The two ends of the pressure-resistant shell are respectively an observation window head and a hatch door head. The observation window head and the pressure shell are connected by screws. The door head and the pressure-resistant shell are connected by screws, and the pressure-resistant shell is a bionic spiral cylindrical pressure-resistant shell. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following remarkable features: the present invention adopts the bionic spiral cylindrical shell as the main body of the pressure-resistant device, which is beneficial to reduce the defect sensitivity of the pressure-resistant shell, helps to avoid intercostal instability, and is beneficial to improve the Axial and radial compression resistance; the hatch of the present invention is provided with a pressure sensor, which can detect the pressing force of the hatch door, which is beneficial to judge the locking state of the hatch door according to the pressing force of the hatch door; the lock of the locking device of the present invention The contact surface between the tight pin and the ring groove is an inclined plane. Rotating the handle will gradually increase the pressing force of the hatch, which is beneficial to improve the sealing effect.

Description

Manned submersible pressure device

technical field

The invention relates to the field of diving equipment, in particular to a pressure-resistant device for a manned submersible.

Background technique

The cylindrical pressure hull is an important device and buoyancy unit of a large-space deep-sea submersible, which plays a role in ensuring the normal operation of the internal non-pressure-resistant equipment and the safety of personnel during the diving process.

Existing cylindrical pressure shells are mainly non-ribbed cylindrical shells and ring-ribbed cylindrical shells. Among them, the latitudinal radius of the non-ribbed cylindrical shell is infinite, resulting in low buckling load and poor compressive capacity under underwater high pressure conditions, and there are multiple modes with the same root, which are sensitive to initial geometric defects and require manufacturing and installation accuracy. high.

The annular rib-cylindrical shell is reinforced by several discrete annular ribs, which improves the compressive capacity and reduces the defect sensitivity to a certain extent, but its latitudinal radius is still infinite, which makes intercostal instability prone to occur.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a pressure-resistant device for manned submersibles that has low defect sensitivity of the pressure-resistant shell, avoids intercostal instability, and improves the pressure-resistant capability.

Technical scheme: The pressure-resistant device of a manned submersible according to the present invention includes a pressure-resistant shell. The two ends of the pressure-resistant shell are respectively an observation window head and a hatch head, and the observation window head and the pressure shell pass through. Screw connection, the hatch head and the pressure shell are connected by screws. The pressure shell is a bionic spiral cylindrical pressure shell, which is beneficial to reduce the defect sensitivity of the pressure shell, avoid intercostal instability, and improve the axial and radial direction. Stress resistance.

The intercostal busbar of the bionic helical cylindrical shell satisfies:

Among them, B is the height of the busbar, L is the span of the busbar, and n is the shape coefficient of the busbar. The shape coefficient of the busbar of the helical layer of the pupa snail is 0.06-0.16. After the busbar span L is determined, the outline of the intercostal busbar can be obtained. The busbar span L is 400-600mm.

There is a glass window on the head of the observation window, and a pressure plate is arranged on the outside of the glass window. The glass window is truncated cone. The connection between the glass window and the head of the observation window is provided with a sealing ring, which has a sealing and waterproof effect. There is a sealing gasket to strengthen the sealing and waterproof effect.

The hatch head includes hatch, locking pin, retaining ring, pin shaft, connecting rod, rotating shaft, rotating handle and locking nut. The rotating shaft passes through the central hole on the hatch, and both ends of the rotating shaft are equipped with rotating shafts The handle and the locking pin are connected with the rotating shaft through the connecting rod. The rotating handle can drive the rotating shaft to rotate and the locking pin to expand and contract. The pressure sensor is evenly distributed at the port of the hatch head, which can detect the pressing force of the hatch, and can measure the pressure of the hatch according to the pressure of the hatch. The tightening force judges the locked state of the door, and the rotary handle and the rotary shaft are connected by a key and fixed by a lock nut.

The inner side of the hatch is provided with a beveled ring groove and an anti-loosening device, and the outer end is a bevel. When the locking pin is extended, the beveled surface of the locking pin is in contact with the beveled surface of the ring groove. With the rotation of the turning handle, the fit is tighter. , the greater the pressing force of the hatch, the anti-loosening device includes a fixed seat, a clamping block, a rubber pad, a locking handle and a locking shaft, the fixed seat is fixed on the hatch, one end of the clamping block is hinged with the fixed seat, and the other One end is provided with a through hole, the locking shaft passes through the through hole, the end of the locking shaft is provided with a locking handle, and a rubber pad is arranged on the clamping block.

Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following remarkable characteristics: the present invention adopts the bionic spiral cylindrical shell as the main body of the pressure-resistant device, which is beneficial to reduce the defect sensitivity of the pressure-resistant shell, and is beneficial to avoid intercostal instability, It is beneficial to improve the axial and radial compression resistance; the hatch of the present invention is provided with a pressure sensor, which can detect the pressing force of the hatch, and is conducive to judging the locking state of the hatch according to the pressing force of the hatch; The contact surface between the locking pin and the ring groove of the device is an inclined surface, and rotating the handle will gradually increase the pressing force of the hatch, which is beneficial to improve the sealing effect.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the design parameters of the pressure shell of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view of part I of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view of II of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged view of part III of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a partial enlarged view of IV of the present invention.

Figure 7 is an axonometric view at III of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the anti-loosening device of the present invention.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1, the pressure-resistant device of the manned submersible consists of three parts: the observation window head 2, the pressure shell 1 and the hatch head 3. The two ends of the pressure shell 1 are respectively installed with the observation window head 2 and the cabin door head. 3.

As shown in Figure 2, the pressure shell 1 is a bionic helical cylindrical pressure shell 1. Scan the spiral layer of the pupa snail to obtain the spiral layer curve, and use the software to fit the curve to obtain its intercostal busbar equation:

Among them, B is the height of the busbar, L is the span of the busbar, and n is the shape factor of the busbar. After the busbar span L is determined, the inter-rib busbar profile can be obtained; the spiral rib is a T-shaped rib, which enhances the axial and radial compression resistance. The busbar span L is 400-600mm. t is the wall thickness of the pressure hull, a is the thickness of the floor plate, b is the height of the floor plate, the values of a and t are designed and calculated according to the “Code for Construction and Classification of Diving Systems and Submersibles” by China Classification Society, where b and c Take 2a.

In the numerical model of this embodiment, the inner diameter D=2000mm, the wall thickness t=20mm, the rib thickness a=30mm, B=57mm, and L=500mm. According to the principle of equal wall thickness and equal volume, the comparison model is designed. The comparison model includes spiral rib cylindrical shell, annular rib cylindrical shell and non-ribbed cylindrical shell. The ultimate bearing capacity of the model is calculated. The material is high alloy high strength steel 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb, and its elastic modulus The amount was 213GPa, the Poisson's ratio was 0.270, the density was 7.780g/cm ³ , and the yield strength was 865MPa. The calculation results are: the ultimate load of the numerical model of this patent is 58.017MPa, the ultimate load of the spiral rib cylindrical shell is 52.692MPa, the ultimate load of the ring-ribbed cylindrical shell is 52.46MPa, and the ultimate load of the unribbed cylindrical shell is 26.532MPa. Compared with the ordinary ribbed cylindrical shell, the ultimate bearing capacity of the patented bionic shell is increased by 10.6%.

As shown in Figure 3, an observation window head 2 is installed at one end of the pressure shell 1, and an observation window hole is opened on the head, and the surrounding of the hole is partially reinforced. The glass window 4 is in the shape of a truncated cone. There is a sealing ring 6, which has a sealing and waterproof effect. There is a pressure plate 5 on the outside of the glass window 4. The pressure plate 5 and the observation window head 2 are connected by screws to press the glass window 4. The pressure plate 5 and the observation window head 2 There is a sealing gasket 7 at the connection of the joint to strengthen the sealing and waterproof effect.

As shown in Figure 4, the observation window head 2 and the pressure shell 1 are connected by screws, and there are two sealing rings 6 between the head and the pressure shell 1 to enhance the sealing and waterproof effect. The hatch head 3 and the pressure shell 1 are also Connected by screws.

As shown in FIG. 5 , the hatch head 3 includes a hatch 8, a locking pin 9, a retaining ring 10, a pin shaft 11, a connecting rod 12, a rotating shaft 13, a rotating handle 14 and a locking nut 15. The hatch 8 and the hatch The head 3 is hinged, the hatch 8 can be rotated around the hinge, the hatch 8 is provided with a central hole, the rotating shaft 13 passes through the central hole, and two sealing rings 6 are provided for sealing and waterproofing, and the two ends of the rotating shaft 13 are installed There is a rotating handle 14, the rotating handle 14 is connected with the rotating shaft 13 by a key, and is fixed by a locking nut 15, the rotating shaft 13 and the locking pin 9 are connected by a connecting rod 12, and the connection methods are all hinged, and the locking pin 9 Passing through the guide hole on the cabin door 8, turning the rotary handle 14 can drive the rotating shaft 13 to rotate, and then drive the locking pin 9 to extend and retract. When the locking pin 9 is extended, the inclined surface of the locking pin 9 is in contact with the inclined surface of the ring groove. With the rotation of the rotary handle 14 , the tighter the adhesion, the greater the pressing force of the hatch 8 .

As shown in Figure 6, there is a sealing ring 6 at the joint of the hatch 8 and the hatch head 3, which plays a sealing role. There are 8 to 10 pressure sensors 16 evenly distributed at the port of the hatch head 3, and the pressure sensors 16 are placed in the hatch seal. In the countersunk hole at the end of the head 3, the wiring of the pressure sensor 16 is connected to the cabin through the hole, and is connected to the data analysis and processing device. There is a rubber pad 20 outside the pressure sensor 16, which plays a role of sealing and protection. The height of the rubber pad 20 must exceed The end face of the hatch head 3 facilitates the transfer of the pressure of the hatch 8 to the pressure sensor 16 . Rotate the rotary handle 14 to lock the cabin door 8. When the pressure value of the pressure sensor 16 exceeds a certain value (the pressure should be such that the compression amount of the sealing ring 6 is 20%), it indicates that the lock state of the cabin door 8 is qualified, and it can be stopped at this time. Turn the rotary handle 14. In addition, according to the pressure value of each membrane pressure sensor 16, the fitting state of the hatch 8 and the hatch head 3 is judged. If the pressure value of a membrane pressure sensor 8 is smaller than the value of other sensors, it indicates that the membrane pressure sensor 8 is located in The position of the seal is not tightly fitted, and the sealing ring 6 must be adjusted or replaced. The pressure sensor 16 in this embodiment is a membrane pressure sensor, and its specific parameters are shown in Table 1:

Table 1 Product parameters of membrane pressure sensor

Sensing area diameter 3～40mm Maximum measurement sensing area 7～1256mm² Measurable pressure range 1～100kg Working power 5V, 5mA range of working temperature -40～60℃

As shown in Figures 7-8, in order to prevent the loosening of the rotary handle 14 in the non-working state, an anti-loosening device is installed on the inside of the hatch 8, including a fixed seat 17, a clamping block 18, a rubber pad 20, a locking handle 21 and a lock The tightening shaft 19, the fixing seat 17 is fixedly connected to the cabin door 8 by screws, one end of the clamping block 18 is hinged with the fixing block, and the other end is provided with a through hole, the locking shaft 19 passes through the through hole, and the end of the locking shaft 19 is installed. There is a locking handle 21 , and turning the locking handle 21 makes the clamping block 18 hug the locking shaft 19 . The clamping block 18 is equipped with a rubber pad 20 , which is beneficial to enhance the holding force and can effectively prevent the locking shaft 19 from loosening.

Claims (9)

1. A manned submersible pressure-resistant device, characterized in that: comprise a pressure-resistant shell (1), and the two ends of the pressure-resistant shell (1) are respectively an observation window head (2) and a hatch head (1). 3), the observation window head (2) and the pressure casing (1) are connected by screws, the hatch head (3) and the pressure casing (1) are connected by screws, and the pressure casing (1) ) is a bionic spiral cylindrical pressure shell (1), and the intercostal busbar of the bionic spiral cylindrical pressure shell (1) satisfies:

Among them, B is the height of the busbar, L is the span of the busbar, n is the shape factor of the busbar, and the shape factor of the busbar of the helical layer of the pupa snail is 0.06-0.16. 2 . The pressure-resistant device of a manned submersible according to claim 1 , wherein the busbar span L is 400-600 mm. 3 . 3. The pressure-resistant device of a manned submersible according to claim 1, characterized in that: a glass window (4) is opened on the observation window head (2), and a pressure plate ( 5). 4. The pressure-resistant device of a manned submersible according to claim 3, wherein the glass window (4) is in the shape of a truncated cone. 5. The pressure-resistant device of a manned submersible according to claim 3, characterized in that: a sealing ring (6) is provided at the joint of the glass window (4) and the observation window head (2), and the pressure plate A sealing gasket (7) is arranged between (5) and the observation window head (2). 6. The manned submersible pressure-resistant device according to claim 1, wherein the hatch head (3) comprises a hatch (8), a locking pin (9), a retaining ring (10), A pin shaft (11), a connecting rod (12), a rotating shaft (13), a rotating handle (14) and a locking nut (15), the rotating shaft (13) passing through the central hole on the hatch (8), Both ends of the rotating shaft (13) are equipped with rotating handles (14), the locking pin (9) is connected with the rotating shaft (13) through the connecting rod (12), and the rotating handle (14) can drive the rotation The shaft (13) is rotated and the locking pin (9) is telescopic, and pressure sensors (16) are evenly distributed at the port of the cover (3) of the hatch (8). 7 . The pressure-resistant device of a manned submersible according to claim 6 , wherein the rotating handle ( 14 ) is connected with the rotating shaft ( 13 ) by a key, and is fixed by a locking nut ( 15 ). 8 . 8 . The pressure-resistant device of a manned submersible according to claim 6 , characterized in that: the inner side of the hatch ( 8 ) is provided with an inclined surface ring groove and an anti-loosening device, and the outer end is an inclined surface. 9 . 9. The pressure-resistant device of a manned submersible according to claim 8, wherein the anti-loosening device comprises a fixed seat (17), a clamping block (18), a rubber pad (20), a locking handle ( 21) and a locking shaft (19), the fixing seat (17) is fixed on the cabin door (8), one end of the clamping block (18) is hinged with the fixing seat (17), and the other end is provided with a through hole, The locking shaft (19) passes through the through hole, and a locking handle (21) is installed at the end thereof, and a rubber pad (20) is arranged on the clamping block (18).

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