CN108900258A - A method of analysis vibration influences radio signal propagation - Google Patents
A method of analysis vibration influences radio signal propagation Download PDFInfo
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- CN108900258A CN108900258A CN201810152449.8A CN201810152449A CN108900258A CN 108900258 A CN108900258 A CN 108900258A CN 201810152449 A CN201810152449 A CN 201810152449A CN 108900258 A CN108900258 A CN 108900258A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B15/00—Suppression or limitation of noise or interference
- H04B15/02—Reducing interference from electric apparatus by means located at or near the interfering apparatus
- H04B15/04—Reducing interference from electric apparatus by means located at or near the interfering apparatus the interference being caused by substantially sinusoidal oscillations, e.g. in a receiver or in a tape-recorder
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
- H04B1/7097—Interference-related aspects
- H04B1/711—Interference-related aspects the interference being multi-path interference
Abstract
The method that a kind of analysis vibration of the present invention influences radio signal propagation, this method utilizes more mirror image analysis methods, if dual-mode antenna constitutes a system, system transmitting-receiving frequency isf c Electric wave wavelength is λ, reflection generates multipath, the Physical Mechanism of reflection is induced current, according to electromagnetic wave in the boundary condition of conductive surface, induced current is back wave as the electromagnetic field that " secondary source " excitation generates, for causing " secondary source " of multipath, each multipath corresponds to a mirror image emission source, analyzes the level angle power and pitch angle power between the ontology of transmitting antenna and mirror image；Determine that wireless signal transmission decline expresses function, and then fading margin W with the time domain that mechanical oscillation change L (dB) and system mechanics vibrate maximum allowable amplitude peak-to-peak valuer dmax.This method method can more rationally, more accurately prediction wireless signals loss variation, wireless communication system analysis, design, planning, optimization in play a significant role.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the sides that radio signal transmission field more particularly to a kind of analysis vibration influence radio signal propagation
Method.
Background technique
Vibration is ubiquitous in surroundings, has vibration caused by the natural phenomenas such as wind, rain, wave, also there is vehicle, machine
Vibration caused by the human factors such as device, sound wave, in the fail-safe analysis of wireless communication, these vibrations can cause dual-mode antenna
Vibration, and then antenna and installation site is caused to generate relative displacement, and the multipath phase of radio signal propagation can be generated by being displaced
It influences, and then leads to the fluctuation of the transmission loss of signal, especially the shorter wireless system of wavelength (for example uses the of millimeter wave
Five Generation Mobile Communication Systems) it is just more sensitive to vibration displacement, in particular, antenna be mounted on mechanical oscillation, Vehicular vibration,
When in the environment of vibration caused by the natural phenomenas such as wind, rain, wave, traditional wave propagation analysis method does not all account for vibrating
For caused receiving intensity with the variation of vibration, this is incomplete.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention proposes that a kind of method is simple, reduces transmission due to vibration to signal is caused
The analysis vibration of the fluctuation of loss influences the method for radio signal propagation.
The technical scheme is that：A method of analysis vibration influences radio signal propagation, this method；
If dual-mode antenna constitutes a system, system transmitting-receiving frequency is fc, electric wave wavelength is λ, and such as reflection generates multipath,
The Physical Mechanism of reflection is induced current, and according to electromagnetic wave in the boundary condition of conductive surface, induced current is as " secondary
The electromagnetic field that source " excitation generates is back wave.For causing " secondary source " of multipath, the present invention proposes more mirror image analysis sides
Method, it is believed that the corresponding mirror image emission source of each multipath, it is believed that corresponding " transmitting antenna mirror image 0 " is transmitting antenna sheet
Body, as shown in Figure 1.
Under the conditions of line-of-sight transmission (LoS), suitable spherical coordinate system is established by origin of receiving antenna, is original with receiving antenna
Point can be the X axis of equivalent rectangular coordinate system with LoS main diameter direction.Assuming that the ontology and mirror image of transmitting antenna are in horizontal angular region
BetweenIt is inside uniformly distributed, the level angle power distribution profile of each multipath meets distribution functionAllusion quotation
Type can take Gaussian Profile i.e. formula (1)：
If the ontology and mirror image of transmitting antenna are in pitching angle range [- kθσθ,kθσθ] in be uniformly distributed, each multipath is bowed
Function f can be expressed as by facing upward angular power distribution Spectral structureθ[P (θ)], it is more typical to take laplacian distribution P (θ)~La
(μθ,σθ), that is, meet formula (2)：
It can enable for ease of calculationAnd μθIt is 0.Generate two groups of NpathIt is a to exist respectively[- kθσθ,kθ
σθ] the equally distributed random number sequence in section, to set multipath horizontal angle and pitch angle, it assumes that the corresponding angle of some multipath
Coordinate isIt is then based onAnd fθTo calculate in the angle, multipath is corresponding to return the expression of [P (θ)]
One changes relative power, and it is the reception power under antenna gain and the normalized situation of transmission power that normalization, which calculates reference value,
Mode can be selected as the case may be.It is more typical, reception and transmission range d can be used0Upper free space model calculates
The reception power P W arrived0, as shown in (3) formula.
PW0[dB]=- { 32.45+20lgfc[GHz]+20lgd0[m] } (3),
Assuming that the initial phase Ph0 of certain multipathiMeet the random distribution in the section (0,2 π), receives normalization relative power
The product of its corresponding horizontal angle normalization relative power ratio and pitch angle normalization relative power ratio, to the product into
Row evolution obtains the normalization range coefficient M of the multipathi, then the distance of the equivalent image source of the multipath is calculated using formula (4)：
Then the spherical coordinates of the equivalent image source of the multipath isThen its corresponding rectangular co-ordinate is：
The acceleration function of following analysis transmitting antenna ontology vibration, from the point of view of a large amount of measurement results early period, in wind load
Under excitation, antenna response acceleration is that dominant frequency is fvSine wave, have second harmonic in some cases.Then X, Y, Z-direction
On acceleration can be expressed as：
In formula：T is time, ax1It is the amplitude that fundamental wave is vibrated in X-direction, ax2It is the width that second harmonic is vibrated in X-direction
Degree, px1It is the amplitude that fundamental wave is vibrated in X-direction, px2It is the initial phase that second harmonic is vibrated in X-direction.ay1It is to shake in Y-direction
The amplitude of dynamic fundamental wave, ay2It is the amplitude that second harmonic is vibrated on the direction Y, py1It is the amplitude that fundamental wave is vibrated in Y-direction, py2It is Y
The initial phase of second harmonic is vibrated on direction.az1It is the amplitude that fundamental wave is vibrated in Z-direction, az2Be vibrated in Z-direction it is secondary humorous
The amplitude of wave, pz1It is the amplitude that fundamental wave is vibrated in Z-direction,
pz2It is the initial phase that second harmonic is vibrated in Z-direction；
Since initial velocity and displacement are all 0, then displacement is calculated by integrating:
Due to the effect of mirror reflection, the displacement of i-th of mirror image of transmitting antenna can be expressed as：
In formula：Sxi, Syi, SziIt is { -1,1 } two-value random sequence,
Sxi, Syi, SziIt is { -1,1 } two-value random sequence, the considerations of Physical Mechanism is：Equivalent interface of reflection is generally all
Be it is smooth vertical and horizontal, reflecting surface quantity is odd number or even number is random.Only consider that the influence of vibration is passed without considering
The variation of environment other factors is broadcast, so Sx in simulationsi, Syi, SziAfter being randomly generated, just no longer change over time.It is then right
In i-th multipath component, vibrate generation is all microdisplacement, so the influence to dual-mode antenna alignment angle, amplitude can be with
Ignore, it is important to influence signal phase.Since the propagation distance variable quantity that vibration generates is：
The then function △ d that the phase of i-th of multipath changes with time because of vibrationi(t) it is：
In formula, λ is electric wave wavelength, Ph0iFor the initial phase of multipath, △ di(t) the propagation distance variable quantity that vibration generates；
Then after multipath superposition, the normalization in receiving end receives amplitude of the vector Mr(t) it is：
Such as there is direct path, then to ensure that the item of i=0 participates in adduction, transmission loss, which changes with time, to be used down
Formula calculates：
Loss (t) [dB]=- { PW0[dB]+20lg|Mr(t)|} (12)
Loss (t) is a cycle function, and the period is exactly the cycle T vibratedv=1/fv.By the displacement model of mechanical oscillation
It encloses and is denoted as rd, the wavelength of wireless signal is denoted as λ, WIDTHloss(dB) the distributed area width of expression Loss (t) [dB], i.e., one
Maximum value in a period subtracts minimum value, STDloss(dB) standard deviation of Loss (t) [dB] sequence in one cycle is indicated.
Due to the randomness of multipath itself, WIDTHloss(dB) and STDloss(dB) randomness is also showed, but emulation is repeated several times
Median meets certain statistical law.
If (ax-base,ay-base,az-base) be acceleration citation form, determined by (6) formula, acceleration is according to (13) formula
It sets, wherein kaIt is the coefficient of amplitude variation,
In the identical situation of power angular domain distribution parameter of multipath, repeatedly (such as NcaseIt is secondary) emulation, WIDTHloss
(dB) and STDloss(dB) median shows relatively steady state, is denoted as WIDTHloss-M(dB) and STDloss-M(dB),
And simulation result is fitted, show WIDTHloss-M(dB) and STDloss-M(dB) and the r under corresponding vibrational stated/ λ has
It closes, can be expressed as：
The result of arctan operation is indicated in formula (14) (15) with radian, W under the conditions of different multipath angular distributionsmax、
kw、SmaxAnd kSParameter value is different, and typical value is：Width coefficient Wmax=30, the displacement coefficient of the dispersion of distribution
kW=2, coefficient of standard deviation Smax=6, the displacement coefficient k of standard deviationS=3.
Obviously vibration can cause the spatial modulation of electromagnetic wave, i.e. the receiving intensity fluctuation of radio signal, this phenomenon meaning
Taste：Electromagnetic wave receive-transmit system will prepare certain fading margin, can just evade its adverse effect.Assuming that it is desired that due to vibration and
The fading margin to be prepared is WL(dB), then maximum system amplitude peak-to-peak value (i.e. displacement range) rdmaxMeet：
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, there are physical vibration, the present invention
Method can more rationally, more accurately prediction wireless signals loss variation, wireless communication system analysis, design,
Play a significant role in planning, optimization.Especially in the wireless communication system of millimeter wave, wireless vehicle connected network communication system, machinery
In Internet of Things/industry internet wireless communication system analysis and design under vibration environment.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the corresponding multiple image source schematic diagrames of multipath.
Fig. 2 be embodiment 30GHz, reception and transmission range 15m, day linearly coupled cause decline time-domain curve schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the emulation discrete point and statistic median curve of calculated examples two.
Fig. 4 is the emulation discrete point and statistic median curve of calculated examples two.
Fig. 5 is the emulation discrete point and statistic median curve of calculated examples three.
Fig. 6 is the emulation discrete point and statistic median curve of calculated examples four.
Fig. 7 is the statistic median curve of calculated examples four and the matched curve of formula (14), (15).
Specific embodiment
Technical scheme is described further combined with specific embodiments below.
As shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 7, the method that a kind of analysis vibration of the present invention influences radio signal propagation, a kind of point of this method 1.
The method that analysis vibration influences radio signal propagation, which is characterized in that this method utilizes more mirror image analysis methods, if dual-mode antenna structure
At a system, system transmitting-receiving frequency is fc, electric wave wavelength is λ, and reflection generates multipath, and the Physical Mechanism of reflection is induced electricity
Stream, according to electromagnetic wave conductive surface boundary condition, induced current as " secondary source " excitation generation electromagnetic field it is as anti-
Ejected wave, for causing " secondary source " of multipath, the corresponding mirror image emission source of each multipath, analyze transmitting antenna ontology and
Level angle power and pitch angle power between mirror image；It is final to determine fading margin WL(dB) and system amplitude peak-to-peak value
rdmax。
The specific steps are：Firstly, suitable spherical coordinate system is established by origin of receiving antenna, using receiving antenna as origin, with
LoS main diameter direction is the X-axis of equivalent rectangular coordinate system, if the ontology and mirror image of transmitting antenna are in horizontal angle rangeIt is inside uniformly distributed, the level angle power distribution profile of each multipath meets distribution function
If the ontology and mirror image of transmitting antenna are in pitching angle range [- kθσθ,kθσθ] in be uniformly distributed, each multipath
The distribution of pitch angle power distribution profile is expressed as function fθ[P (θ)],
μ is enabled for ease of calculationφAnd μθIt is 0, generates two groups of NpathIt is a to exist respectively[- kθσθ,kθσθ]
The equally distributed random number sequence in section, to set multipath horizontal angle and pitch angle, it assumes that the corresponding angle of some multipath is sat
Mark isIt is then based onAnd fθThe expression of [P (θ)] calculates the corresponding normalizing of multipath in the angle
Change relative power, it is the reception power under antenna gain and the normalized situation of transmission power that normalization, which calculates reference value,；
Assuming that the initial phase Ph0 of certain multipathiMeet the random distribution in the section (0,2 π), receives normalization relative power
The product of its corresponding horizontal angle normalization relative power ratio and pitch angle normalization relative power ratio, to the product into
Row evolution obtains the normalization range coefficient M of the multipathi, then the distance d of the equivalent image source of the multipath is calculated using formula (4)i：
In formula：MiFor the normalization range coefficient of multipath, d0The distance of direct path between dual-mode antenna；
Spherical coordinates according to the equivalent image source of obtained multipath isBring the sheet that formula (5) finds out transmitting antenna into
The coordinate x of bodyi、yi、zi：
Secondly, according to antenna response acceleration be dominant frequency be fvSine wave, then X, Y, the acceleration in Z-direction can be with tables
State for：
In formula：T is time, ax1It is the amplitude that fundamental wave is vibrated in X-direction, ax2It is the width that second harmonic is vibrated in X-direction
Degree, px1It is the amplitude that fundamental wave is vibrated in X-direction, px2It is the initial phase that second harmonic is vibrated in X-direction.ay1It is to shake in Y-direction
The amplitude of dynamic fundamental wave, ay2It is the amplitude that second harmonic is vibrated on the direction Y, py1It is the amplitude that fundamental wave is vibrated in Y-direction, py2It is Y
The initial phase of second harmonic is vibrated on direction.az1It is the amplitude that fundamental wave is vibrated in Z-direction, az2Be vibrated in Z-direction it is secondary
The amplitude of harmonic wave, pz1It is the amplitude that fundamental wave is vibrated in Z-direction, pz2It is the initial phase that second harmonic is vibrated in Z-direction；
Since initial velocity and displacement are all 0, displacement is calculated by integrating:
Due to the effect of mirror reflection, the displacement of i-th of mirror image of transmitting antenna is expressed as：
In formula：Sxi, Syi, SziIt is { -1,1 } two-value random sequence,
Since the propagation distance variable quantity that vibration generates is：
Then the phase of i-th of multipath because vibration and the function that changes with time is：
Then after multipath superposition, the normalization in receiving end, which receives amplitude of the vector, is：
In formula：NpathFor the number of random number in sequence,
Such as there is direct path, then to ensure that the item of i=0 participates in adduction, transmission loss, which changes with time, to be used down
Formula calculates：
Loss (t) [dB]=- { PW0[dB]+20lg|Mr(t)|} (12)。
If (ax-base,ay-base,az-base) be acceleration citation form, determined by (6) formula, acceleration is according to (13) formula
Setting,
Wherein kaFor the coefficient of amplitude variation
In the identical situation of power angular domain distribution parameter of multipath, N is repeatedcaseSecondary emulation, WIDTHloss(dB) and
STDloss(dB) median shows relatively steady state, is denoted as WIDTHloss-M(dB) and STDloss-M(dB), and to imitative
True result is fitted, and shows WIDTHloss-M(dB) and STDloss-M(dB) and the r under corresponding vibrational stated/ λ is related, then table
State for：
The result of arctan operation is indicated in formula (14) (15) with radian, is distributed under the conditions of different multipath angular distributions
Spread factor Wmax, the dispersion of distribution displacement coefficient kw, coefficient of standard deviation Smax；
Assuming that it is desired that the fading margin to be prepared due to vibration is WL(dB), then maximum system amplitude peak-to-peak value is (i.e.
Displacement range) rdmaxMeet：
Embodiment 1：
1 example of table, one conditional parameter
2 example of table, one simulation result
Embodiment 2：
3 example of table, two conditional parameter
4 example of table, two simulation result
Embodiment 3：
5 example of table, three conditional parameter
6 example of table, three simulation result
Embodiment 4：
7 example of table, four conditional parameter
8 example of table, three simulation result
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method that analysis vibration influences radio signal propagation, which is characterized in that this method utilizes more mirror image analysis methods,
If dual-mode antenna constitutes a system, system transmitting-receiving frequency is fc, electric wave wavelength is λ, and reflection generates multipath, the physical machine of reflection
Reason is induced current, and according to electromagnetic wave in the boundary condition of conductive surface, induced current is as " secondary source " excitation generation
Electromagnetic field is back wave, for causing " secondary source " of multipath, the corresponding mirror image emission source of each multipath, and analysis transmitting
Level angle power and pitch angle power between the ontology and mirror image of antenna；Determine that wireless signal transmission decline is shaken with machinery
The time domain of dynamic variation expresses function, and then fading margin WL(dB) and system mechanics vibrate maximum allowable amplitude peak-to-peak value rdmax。
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the specific steps are：Firstly, being established by origin of receiving antenna
Suitable spherical coordinate system take LoS main diameter direction as the X-axis of equivalent rectangular coordinate system, if transmitting antenna using receiving antenna as origin
Ontology and mirror image in horizontal angle rangeIt is inside uniformly distributed, the level angle power distribution profile of each multipath is full
Sufficient distribution function
If the ontology and mirror image of transmitting antenna are in pitching angle range [- kθσθ,kθσθ] in be uniformly distributed, kφAnd kθIt is horizontal respectively
The pitch angle power distribution profile distribution of the spreading factor at angle and pitch angle distribution, each multipath is expressed as function fθ[P (θ)],
μ is enabled for ease of calculationφAnd μθIt is 0, generates two groups of NpathIt is a to exist respectively[- kθσθ,kθσθ] section is equal
The random number sequence of even distribution, to set multipath horizontal angle and pitch angle, it assumes that the corresponding angle coordinate of some multipath isIt is then based onAnd fθThe expression of [P (θ)] calculates the corresponding normalization phase of multipath in the angle
To power, it is the reception power under antenna gain and the normalized situation of transmission power that normalization, which calculates reference value,；
Assuming that the initial phase Ph0 of certain multipathiMeet the random distribution in the section (0,2 π), receiving normalization relative power is it
The product of corresponding horizontal angle normalization relative power ratio and pitch angle normalization relative power ratio, opens the product
Side, obtains the normalization range coefficient M of the multipathi, then the distance d of the equivalent image source of the multipath is calculated using formula (4)i：
In formula：MiFor the normalization range coefficient of multipath, d0The distance of direct path between dual-mode antenna；
Spherical coordinates according to the equivalent image source of obtained multipath isBring the ontology that formula (5) finds out transmitting antenna into
Coordinate xi、yi、zi：
Secondly, according to antenna response acceleration be dominant frequency be fvSine wave, then X, Y, the acceleration in Z-direction can be expressed as：
In formula：T is time, ax1It is the amplitude that fundamental wave is vibrated in X-direction, ax2It is the amplitude that second harmonic is vibrated in X-direction, px1
It is the amplitude that fundamental wave is vibrated in X-direction, px2It is the initial phase that second harmonic is vibrated in X-direction；ay1It is that base is vibrated in Y-direction
The amplitude of wave, ay2It is the amplitude that second harmonic is vibrated in Y-direction, py1It is the amplitude that fundamental wave is vibrated in Y-direction, py2It is in Y-direction
Vibrate the initial phase of second harmonic；az1It is the amplitude that fundamental wave is vibrated in Z-direction, az2It is the width that second harmonic is vibrated in Z-direction
Degree, pz1It is the amplitude that fundamental wave is vibrated in Z-direction, pz2It is the initial phase that second harmonic is vibrated in Z-direction；
Since initial velocity and displacement are all 0, displacement is calculated by integrating:
Due to the effect of mirror reflection, the displacement of i-th of mirror image of transmitting antenna is expressed as：
In formula：Sxi, Syi, SziIt is { -1,1 } two-value random sequence,
Since the propagation distance variable quantity that vibration generates is：
Then the phase of i-th of multipath because vibration and the function that changes with time is：
Then after multipath superposition, the normalization in receiving end, which receives amplitude of the vector, is：
In formula：NpathFor the number of multipath, j is imaginary unit,
Such as there is direct path, then to ensure that the item of i=0 participates in adduction, transmission loss, which changes with time, can use following formula meter
It calculates：
Loss (t) [dB]=- { PW0[dB]+20lg|Mr(t)|} (12)。
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, this method is further comprising the steps of：If (ax-base,ay-base,
az-base) be acceleration citation form, there is fundamental wave to add the expression form of second harmonic, add the acceleration expression formula on X, Y, Z
Speed is set according to (13) formula,
Wherein, kaFor amplitude variation coefficient,
In the identical situation of power angular domain distribution parameter of multipath, N is repeatedcaseSecondary emulation, WIDTHloss(dB) and STDloss
(dB) median shows relatively steady state, is denoted as WIDTHloss-M(dB) and STDloss-M(dB), and to simulation result
It is fitted, shows WIDTHloss-M(dB) and STDloss-M(dB) and the r under corresponding vibrational stated/ λ is related, then is expressed as：
The result of arctan operation is indicated in formula (14) (15) with radian, dispersion of distribution under the conditions of different multipath angular distributions
Coefficient Wmax, the dispersion of distribution displacement coefficient kw, coefficient of standard deviation SMax, loss；Standard deviation displacement coefficient ks；
Assuming that the fading margin to be prepared due to vibration is WL(dB), then maximum system amplitude peak-to-peak value (i.e. displacement range)
rdmaxMeet：
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