CN108895121B - Worm gear reducer and gear motor - Google Patents
Worm gear reducer and gear motor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108895121B CN108895121B CN201811045841.9A CN201811045841A CN108895121B CN 108895121 B CN108895121 B CN 108895121B CN 201811045841 A CN201811045841 A CN 201811045841A CN 108895121 B CN108895121 B CN 108895121B
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- claw
- disc
- tooth
- worm
- worm gear
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- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 209
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H1/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
- F16H1/04—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members
- F16H1/12—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members with non-parallel axes
- F16H1/16—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members with non-parallel axes comprising worm and worm-wheel
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
- H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
- H02K7/1163—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears where at least two gears have non-parallel axes without having orbital motion
- H02K7/1166—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears where at least two gears have non-parallel axes without having orbital motion comprising worm and worm-wheel
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Gear Transmission (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of speed reducers and discloses a worm gear speed reducer, which comprises a worm, wherein one end of the worm is provided with a first claw disc coaxial with the worm, and one side of the first claw disc, which is away from the worm, is provided with a first tooth claw; the worm gear reducer further comprises a transmission assembly used for driving the worm to rotate, wherein the transmission assembly is coaxially arranged with the first claw disc and matched with the first tooth claw to form a gap with the first tooth claw in the circumferential direction of the first claw disc. According to the invention, the circumferential gap is arranged between the first tooth claw and the transmission assembly, so that the time difference exists between the movement of the first tooth claw disk and the movement of the transmission assembly, the angular momentum of the transmission assembly can be improved by utilizing the time difference, and the angular momentum of the transmission assembly can be converted into impulse acting on the worm, thereby achieving the purpose of overcoming the maximum static friction force in the system, and enabling the gear motor to be easy to start.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of speed reducers, in particular to a worm gear speed reducer and a speed reducing motor.
Background
The worm gear reducer drives the worm wheel to rotate by utilizing the rotation of the worm, so that the effects of reducing the rotation speed and increasing the torque are achieved, and the worm gear reducer plays a role in matching the rotation speed and transmitting the torque between the prime motor and the working machine or the executing mechanism. The speed reducing motor is an aggregate of a speed reducer and a motor, a motor main shaft is directly connected with the speed reducer, and the rotating speed is output through an output shaft of the speed reducer.
When the speed reducing motor is started, static friction force and load torque in the system need to be overcome, and the static friction force is larger than the dynamic friction force and the load torque is kept unchanged, so that when the load torque is larger, the maximum static friction of a main shaft of the speed reducing motor can not be overcome when the speed reducing motor is started, and the problem that the main shaft can not rotate occurs. The difficulty in starting a gear motor is a problem to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a worm gear reducer and a gear motor with the worm gear reducer, which are used for solving the problem of difficult starting of the gear motor.
In order to achieve the above purpose, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a worm gear reducer, including a worm, one end of the worm is provided with a first claw disc coaxial with the worm, and a side of the first claw disc facing away from the worm is provided with a first tooth claw; the worm gear reducer further comprises a transmission assembly used for driving the worm to rotate, wherein the transmission assembly is coaxially arranged with the first claw disc and matched with the first tooth claw to form a gap with the first tooth claw in the circumferential direction of the first claw disc.
Preferably, the transmission assembly comprises a second jaw and a transmission jaw coaxially arranged, and the transmission jaw is clamped between the first jaw and the second jaw.
Preferably, a second tooth claw is arranged on one side, close to the transmission claw disc, of the second claw disc, the transmission claw disc comprises a third claw disc and a fourth claw disc which are coaxially arranged, the third claw disc is arranged close to the first claw disc, a third tooth claw is arranged on one side, close to the first claw disc, of the third claw disc, and a fourth tooth claw is arranged on one side, away from the third claw disc, of the fourth claw disc; the third tooth claw and the first tooth claw are mutually matched and form a gap in the circumferential direction of the first claw disk; the fourth tooth claw and the second tooth claw are mutually engaged and form a gap in the circumferential direction of the second claw disk.
Preferably, a side of the third claw disk facing away from the third tooth claw is fixedly connected with a side of the fourth claw disk facing away from the fourth tooth claw.
Preferably, the first, second, third and fourth tooth pawls are fixed at edges of the first, second, third and fourth jaw plates, respectively.
Preferably, the worm gear reducer includes a plurality of the first pawls, a plurality of the second pawls, a plurality of the third pawls, and a plurality of the fourth pawls that are arranged at intervals along a circumferential direction of the worm.
Preferably, the cross sections of the first tooth claw, the second tooth claw, the third tooth claw and the fourth tooth claw are all sector rings.
Preferably, the sum of the angles of the sector ring of each of the first, second, third and fourth pawls is less than 150 degrees.
Preferably, the first claw disc, the second claw disc and the driving claw disc are further provided with spindle holes, and the aperture of the spindle holes on the second claw disc is smaller than that of the spindle holes on the first claw disc and the driving claw disc.
The invention further provides a gear motor, which comprises a motor, a controller and a worm gear reducer, wherein the controller is electrically connected with the motor and used for controlling the rotation direction and rotation time of the motor, and the worm gear reducer is the worm gear reducer.
According to the technical scheme, the worm gear reducer has the advantages that the circumferential gap is formed between the first tooth claw and the transmission assembly, so that the time difference exists between the movement of the first tooth claw and the movement of the transmission assembly, the angular momentum of the transmission assembly can be improved by utilizing the time difference, and the angular momentum of the transmission assembly can be converted into impulse acted on the worm, and therefore the purpose of overcoming the maximum static friction force in a system is achieved, and the gear motor is easy to start.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a worm gear reducer according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the worm and drive assembly of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a worm according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a driving pawl disc according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of a second claw disk according to one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a gear motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
1. First claw disk of worm 2
3. The second claw disk 4 drives the claw disk
5. Drive assembly 6 motor
7. Controller 8 worm gear
21. First tooth claw 31 second tooth claw
41. Third jaw 42 fourth jaw
411. Third jaw 421 fourth jaw
Detailed Description
The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating and illustrating the invention, are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention provides a worm gear reducer, which comprises a worm 1, wherein one end of the worm 1 is provided with a first claw disc 2 coaxial with the worm 1, and one side of the first claw disc 2, which is away from the worm 1, is provided with a first tooth claw 21; the worm gear reducer further comprises a transmission assembly 5 for driving the worm 1 to rotate, wherein the transmission assembly 5 is coaxially arranged with the first claw disc 2 and is matched with the first tooth claw 21 to form a gap with the first tooth claw 21 in the circumferential direction of the first claw disc 2.
According to the worm gear reducer, through the scheme, the transmission assembly 5 and the first tooth claw 21 are coaxially arranged and are matched with the first tooth claw 21 to form a gap with the first tooth claw 21 in the circumferential direction of the first claw disk 2, so that a time difference exists between the motion of the transmission assembly 5 and the motion of the first claw disk 2, the angular momentum of the transmission assembly 5 can be improved by utilizing the time difference, and the angular momentum of the transmission assembly 5 can be converted into impulse acting on the worm 1, so that the aim of overcoming the maximum static friction force in a system is fulfilled, and the speed reducing motor is easy to start.
Specifically, a first claw disc 2 is arranged at one end of the worm 1, the first claw disc 2 is driven to rotate by the transmission assembly 5, and because a circumferential gap exists between the first tooth claw 21 and the transmission assembly 5, the transmission assembly 5 rotates first without driving the first claw disc 2 to rotate, and when the transmission assembly 5 collides with the first claw disc 2, the angular momentum of the transmission assembly 5 is converted into impulse acted on the worm 1, and the transmission assembly 5 drives the first claw disc 2 to rotate continuously, so that a speed reducing motor is started.
In order to further increase the value of the impulse acting on the worm 1, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the transmission assembly 5 includes a second jaw 3 and a transmission jaw 4 coaxially disposed, the transmission jaw 4 being interposed between the first jaw 2 and the second jaw 3, and by providing the transmission jaw 4, the relative rotation angle between the second jaw 3 and the first jaw 2 can be increased, so that the angular momentum of the transmission assembly 5 is increased, and the impulse acting on the worm 1 is increased when the transmission assembly 5 impacts the worm 1.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a second tooth claw 31 is disposed on a side of the second claw disk 3 close to the driving claw disk 4, the driving claw disk 4 includes a third claw disk 41 and a fourth claw disk 42 disposed coaxially, the third claw disk 41 is disposed close to the first claw disk 2 and is provided with a third tooth claw 411 on a side thereof close to the first claw disk 2, and a fourth tooth claw 421 is disposed on a side of the fourth claw disk 42 facing away from the third claw disk 41; the third tooth claw 411 is engaged with the first tooth claw 21 and forms a gap in the circumferential direction of the first claw disk 2; the fourth tooth claw 421 cooperates with the second tooth claw 31 and forms a gap in the circumferential direction of the second claw disk 3.
By providing the driving claw disk 4, the first claw disk 2 and the third claw disk 41, and the second claw disk 3 and the fourth claw disk 42 can coaxially rotate, thereby increasing the relative rotation angle between the first claw disk 2 and the second claw disk 3, and increasing the angular velocity of the second claw disk 3, and increasing the angular momentum of the second claw disk 3.
In order to improve the energy transfer efficiency of the system, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, a side of the third claw 41 facing away from the third tooth claw 411 is fixedly connected with a side of the fourth claw 42 facing away from the fourth tooth claw 421, so as to achieve the purpose of synchronous movement of the third claw 41 and the fourth claw 42.
In order to increase the maximum value of the jaw transfer torque, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first jaw 11, the second jaw 31, the third jaw 411, and the fourth jaw 421 are fixed to edges of the first jaw plate 2, the second jaw plate 3, the third jaw plate 41, and the fourth jaw plate 42, respectively (see fig. 2 to 5).
In the present invention, the number of the first claw 11, the second claw 31, the third claw 411, and the fourth claw 421 is not limited, and may be 1 or more. In order to increase the strength of the claw disk and the relative rotation angle between the claw disks, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the worm gear reducer includes a plurality of the first tooth claws 21, a plurality of the second tooth claws 31, a plurality of the third tooth claws 411, and a plurality of the fourth tooth claws 421 arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the worm 1. Preferably, the number of the first, second, third and fourth pawls 21, 31, 411 and 421 is 1 to 3, respectively, and further preferably, the number of the first, second, third and fourth pawls 21, 31, 411 and 421 is 2, respectively.
In order to reduce the pressure between the contact surfaces of the teeth, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sections of the first, second, third and fourth teeth 21, 31, 411 and 421 are all sector-shaped, so that the teeth are in surface contact when they are in contact, so that the pressure between the teeth is reduced.
In order to increase the relative rotation angle between the claw disks, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sum of the angles of the sector ring of each of the first, second, third and fourth claws 21, 31, 411 and 421 is less than 150 degrees. Preferably, the sum of the angles of the sector ring of each of the first, second, third and fourth pawls 21, 31, 411 and 421 is between 40 and 120 degrees, so that a sufficiently large gap between the mating pawls can be ensured.
In the present invention, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, spindle holes are further formed in the first claw disk 2, the second claw disk 3, and the driving claw disk 4, and the diameter of the spindle hole in the second claw disk 3 is smaller than the diameter of the spindle hole in the first claw disk 2 and the driving claw disk 4. The arrangement enables an input shaft matched with the worm gear reducer to be in interference fit with the second claw disc 3 and in clearance fit with the driving claw disc 4 and the first claw disc 2, so that the input shaft drives the second claw disc 3 to rotate when rotating, and the driving claw disc 4 and the first claw disc 2 keep stationary.
In the present invention, the worm gear reducer may further include a worm wheel 8, and the worm wheel 8 is meshed with the worm 1, as shown in fig. 1.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a gear motor, where the gear motor includes a motor 6, a controller 7, and the worm gear reducer, and the controller 7 is electrically connected to the motor 6 for controlling a rotation direction and a rotation time of the motor 6.
When the external input forward rotation signal is input, the controller 7 performs reverse rotation, sends out reverse rotation signal, and continues for a certain period of time, during which the second claw disk 3 drives the driving claw disk 4 to move until the third claw 411 of the driving claw disk 4 contacts with the first claw 21, and then the controller 7 sends out forward rotation signal, and the motor 6 rotates forward; when the external input of the reverse rotation signal, the controller 7 performs the reverse rotation, sends out the forward rotation signal, and continues for a certain period of time, during which the second claw disk 3 drives the driving claw disk 4 to move until the third claw 411 of the driving claw disk 4 contacts with the first claw 21, and then the controller 7 sends out the reverse rotation signal, and the motor 6 reverses.
For a better understanding of the present invention, the principle of the worm gear reducer of the present invention will be described as follows:
For a particular motor 6, the angular acceleration α is determined, α=m 1/I, where M 1 is the starting torque, M 0 is 1.7 to 2.2 times the rated torque, M 1 is 2.2M 0, I is the moment of inertia, Alpha is/>Maximum free rotation angle of motor/>It is determined that the maximum free rotation angle refers to the maximum angle at which the spindle of the motor rotates without driving the worm to rotate, because α and/>Determination according to the formula/>The maximum free rotation time/>, of the main shaft of the motor is obtainedFrom this, it follows from the formula ω=αt that/>Considering the main shaft of the motor as a cylinder, the rotation center of the cylinder is the axis of the cylinder, and the moment of inertia of the main shaft of the motor is obtained as/>Wherein m is the mass of the main shaft, and r is the radius of the cylinder; for a particular motor 6, the moment of inertia of the main shaft is fixed, and is obtained according to the calculation formula l=iω of angular momentumObtaining the rotation angle/>, of the motor according to the formulaAfter that, angular momentum/>The main shaft drives the second claw disc 3 to impact the first claw disc 2, the angular momentum of the main shaft is converted into the momentum of the worm 1 in the time t 2, and the/>, according to the calculation formula I= ≡mdt of the impulse, the/>, is obtainedFinally, M 2 is obtained as/>M 2/M1 is obtained
The average impact time delta t is about 0.058s, the equivalent diameter of the rotor of the motor in the experiment is 40mm, the rotor mass is 350g, and the maximum free rotation angle is measured by multiple experiments0.75 Pi rad, 0.037NM torque, and substitution/> according to the above dataThe obtained M 2/M1 is 2.24, and the torque M 2 generated by impact is 2.24 times of the starting torque of the motor, so that the maximum static friction force in the gear motor is broken through, and the worm 1 is driven to rotate. In the prior art, when the motor is started, the main shaft drives the worm to synchronously move, and the process of converting the medium angular momentum into impulse cannot be completed, so that when the load moment is large, the motor cannot overcome the maximum static friction force, and the main shaft cannot rotate.
In the above description, the maximum free rotation time t 1 of the spindle of the motor 6 is the duration of the inverted signal after the controller 7 inverts the input signal.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, and all the simple modifications belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, the specific features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. The various possible combinations of the invention are not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
Moreover, any combination of the various embodiments of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which should also be considered as disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. The worm gear speed reducer comprises a worm (1), and is characterized in that one end of the worm (1) is provided with a first claw disc (2) coaxial with the worm (1), and one side of the first claw disc (2) away from the worm (1) is provided with a first tooth claw (21); the worm gear reducer further comprises a transmission assembly (5) for driving the worm (1) to rotate, wherein the transmission assembly (5) is coaxially arranged with the first claw disc (2) and is matched with the first tooth claw (21) to form a gap with the first tooth claw (21) in the circumferential direction of the first claw disc (2);
The transmission assembly (5) comprises a second claw disc (3) and a transmission claw disc (4) which are coaxially arranged, and the transmission claw disc (4) is clamped between the first claw disc (2) and the second claw disc (3);
A second toothed claw (31) is arranged on one side, close to the transmission claw disc (4), of the second claw disc (3), the transmission claw disc (4) comprises a third claw disc (41) and a fourth claw disc (42) which are coaxially arranged, the third claw disc (41) is arranged close to the first claw disc (2) and is provided with a third toothed claw (411) on one side, close to the first claw disc (2), of the third claw disc (41), and a fourth toothed claw (421) is arranged on one side, away from the third claw disc (41), of the fourth claw disc (42); the third claw (411) is engaged with the first claw (21) and forms a gap in the circumferential direction of the first claw disk (2); the fourth tooth claw (421) and the second tooth claw (31) are mutually matched and form a gap in the circumferential direction of the second claw disk (3);
the sum of angles of the sector ring of each of the first tooth claw (21), the second tooth claw (31), the third tooth claw (411) and the fourth tooth claw (421) is less than 150 degrees;
The first tooth claw (21), the second tooth claw (31), the third tooth claw (411) and the fourth tooth claw (421) are respectively and uniformly distributed on the corresponding claw disk.
2. The worm gear reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that a side of the third claw disc (41) facing away from the third tooth claw (411) is fixedly connected with a side of the fourth claw disc (42) facing away from the fourth tooth claw (421).
3. The worm gear reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that the first tooth claw (21), the second tooth claw (31), the third tooth claw (411) and the fourth tooth claw (421) are fixed at edges of the first claw disk (2), the second claw disk (3), the third claw disk (41) and the fourth claw disk (42), respectively.
4. The worm gear reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of the first teeth (21), a plurality of the second teeth (31), a plurality of the third teeth (411) and a plurality of the fourth teeth (421) arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the worm (1).
5. The worm gear reducer according to claim 4, characterized in that the cross-sections of the first tooth claw (21), the second tooth claw (31), the third tooth claw (411) and the fourth tooth claw (421) are all sector rings in shape.
6. The worm gear reducer according to any one of claims 2-5, wherein spindle holes are further formed in the first claw disc (2), the second claw disc (3) and the driving claw disc (4), and the diameter of the spindle holes in the second claw disc (3) is smaller than the diameter of the spindle holes in the first claw disc (2) and the driving claw disc (4).
7. A gear motor, which comprises a motor (6), a controller (7) and a worm gear reducer, and is characterized in that the controller (7) is electrically connected with the motor (6) for controlling the rotation direction and rotation time of the motor (6),
The worm gear reducer is the worm gear reducer according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811045841.9A CN108895121B (en) | 2018-09-07 | 2018-09-07 | Worm gear reducer and gear motor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811045841.9A CN108895121B (en) | 2018-09-07 | 2018-09-07 | Worm gear reducer and gear motor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108895121A CN108895121A (en) | 2018-11-27 |
| CN108895121B true CN108895121B (en) | 2024-05-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201811045841.9A Active CN108895121B (en) | 2018-09-07 | 2018-09-07 | Worm gear reducer and gear motor |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111623082A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-09-04 | 衢州一诚工业设计有限公司 | Worm gear and worm transmission mechanism, worm gear and worm reducer and speed reducing motor |
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