CN108893641B - Self-lubricating aluminum alloy composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Self-lubricating aluminum alloy composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
- C22C1/1042—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt by atomising
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/17—Metallic particles coated with metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
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- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
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- C22C1/1015—Pretreatment of the non-metallic additives by preparing or treating a non-metallic additive preform
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- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0089—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with other, not previously mentioned inorganic compounds as the main non-metallic constituent, e.g. sulfides, glass
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- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
Abstract
The invention provides a self-lubricating aluminum alloy composite material which comprises a base material and a precursor, wherein the base material is an aluminum alloy, the mass fractions of all elements in the aluminum alloy are 3.8-4.9% of Cu, 1.2-1.8% of Mg, 0.30-0.90% of Mn and the balance of Al. The precursor is high-entropy alloy TiCoCrFeNiAl coated MoS2The particles account for 30-40% of the base material by mass, and the particle size is 20-50 μm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of materials, and particularly relates to an aluminum alloy composite material with self-lubrication and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
With the increasing growth of social development population and more resource demands, the current land near-surface resources are over-exploited, and resources must be searched deeply from the earth in order to meet the social development demands. When the drilling well is deepened continuously, a drill rod needs to be connected continuously to prolong the drill string, the self weight of the drill string is increased continuously, the drilling of deep wells and ultra-deep wells is difficult to finish only by developing a large-specification drilling machine, particularly when the drilling well exceeds a certain depth, the drill string can be damaged in a time-efficient manner due to the self weight of the drill string, and severe working conditions such as a long open hole well section, poor stability of a well wall, high environment temperature in the well and the like exist in any situation. Therefore, the aluminum alloy drill pipe has gradually replaced a steel drill pipe, and has great advantages particularly in drilling horizontal wells, scientific ultra-deep wells, extended reach wells and deep parts of the earth due to the advantages of light weight, strong corrosion resistance, high specific strength, low energy consumption and the like of aluminum alloy. The motion mode of the drill rod in the drilling process comprises whirl and vibration, and the abrasion of the drill rod comprises three aspects: (1) the whirling motion enables the drill rod to generate strong transverse vibration, and abrasion between the drill rod and the casing pipe is accelerated. (2) In an open hole section, the drill bit generates periodic vibration when breaking rocks, and the drill rod and a well wall are collided continuously to cause surface abrasion and abrasion. (3) The ground temperature at the bottom of the well can reach 300 ℃, and the pressure can reach 200 MPa. The abrasion resistance of the drill rod can be attenuated under the action of high temperature and high pressure, the bearing capacity of the drill rod is reduced due to the phenomenon of serious abrasion and thinning, and accident potential is increased. Therefore, in order to solve the disadvantages of the aluminum alloy material such as soft surface quality and poor wear resistance, it is necessary to perform a tribological modification treatment of aluminum and aluminum alloys.
The currently known aluminum-based composite material with self-lubricating property is mainly prepared by preparing a hard anodic oxide film on the surface of an aluminum alloy and then filling various lubricating substances in micropores on the surface of the aluminum oxide film, so that the surface of the aluminum material has good wear resistance and good self-lubricating property. The search of the prior art documents shows that the Chinese patent publication number is CN106733554U, and the publication date is: 2017.05.31 the invention relates to a method for preparing a self-lubricating wear-resistant coating on the surface of an aluminum alloy, which can make a polymer self-lubricating layer adhere to the surface of the alloy to improve the durability of the wear-resistant coating by providing a ceramic intermediate buffer layer and a surface self-lubricating layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy in sequence. The method has the defects that the lubricating layer is made of high polymer materials, the service life is short, and the use requirement of the drill rod cannot be met. The invention discloses a preparation method of a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod and the prepared aluminum alloy drill rod, wherein the Chinese patent publication No. is CN 106835233A, the publication date is 2017.06.13, and the name of the invention is that the wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod is obtained by adopting an electroplating method, and the defects that the surface wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant layer is only 40-60 mu m, the service life is short, and the waste liquid of an electrolytic cell has great pollution to the environment are overcome.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the invention starts from improving the essence of the aluminum alloy material, takes the aluminum alloy as the base material and coats the TiCoCrFeNiAl on MoS2The particles are added into the aluminum alloy, and the self-lubricating aluminum-based composite material for the drill rod is prepared by adopting a spray deposition additive manufacturing and hot extrusion process. The added high-entropy alloy has high hardness, high strength, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, high-temperature thermal stability and good interface wettability and interface compatibility with an aluminum alloy matrix. Coated MoS2The particles have good self-lubricating properties. Therefore, the aluminum matrix composite material for the drill rod prepared by the invention has excellent wear resistance and self-lubricating property, small friction coefficient and long service life.
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and improve the self-lubricating property of the aluminum alloy by changing the essence of the aluminum alloy material. The invention provides an aluminum-based composite material with self-lubricating function for a drill rod and an additive manufacturing method.
The technical scheme adopted for realizing the technical problem of the invention is as follows: firstly, preparing a precursor TiCoCrFeNiAl-coated MoS by adopting a spray deposition method2The particles of (1). And secondly, taking the aluminum alloy as a base material, and synchronously atomizing and depositing the base material metal liquid and the precursor on a substrate under the action of high-pressure argon to obtain an aluminum-based composite material casting blank. And then carrying out hot extrusion densification treatment on the casting blank to extrude the casting blank into a pipe. Finally, the pipe is subjected to secondary solution aging heat treatment to obtain the self-lubricating aluminum for the drill rod
The invention provides an aluminum alloy composite material with self-lubricating property, which consists of a base material and a reinforcement, wherein the base material is aluminum alloy, and the reinforcement is MoS coated by TiCoCrFeNiAl2And (3) granules.
Preferably, the reinforcement body accounts for 30-40% of the base material by mass.
The particle size of the reinforcement is preferably 20-50 μm.
The aluminum alloy comprises, by mass, 3.8-4.9% of Cu, 1.2-1.8% of Mg, 0.30-0.90% of Mn, and the balance of Al.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the composite material, which comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a reinforcement: preparing raw materials of Ti, Co, Cr, Fe, Ni and Al according to atomic ratio, placing the raw materials in a crucible smelting furnace, heating the raw materials to be molten, filling molten liquid into a metal liquid bag in a jet deposition machine, simultaneously filling MoS2 with the particle size of 10 mu m into a solid fluidization conveyor, and mixing high-entropy alloy and MoS2The mass ratio is 6: 4, respectively introducing high-pressure argon of 0.7-0.85 MPa into the molten metal bag and the solid fluidization conveyor to ensure that the high-entropy alloy molten metal and the MoS are subjected to reaction2Synchronously atomizing particles to form liquid drops mixed with solid and liquid, rapidly solidifying the liquid drops under the action of a cooler at the lower end of an atomizing chamber, and depositing the liquid drops on a substrate to obtain enhanced particles, wherein the deposition distance is 700-900 mm;
2) preparing a base material: preparing Al, Cu, Mn and Mg metal blocks according to mass fraction to obtain a base material raw material, and adding the base material raw material into a crucible smelting furnace for melting to obtain an aluminum alloy liquid;
3) preparing a casting blank: ultrasonic oscillation is carried out on the reinforcement particles obtained in the step 1), and the reinforcement particles are fully stirred and filled into a solid particle fluidization conveyor of a jet deposition device; injecting the aluminum alloy liquid obtained in the step 2) into a metal liquid bag; simultaneously introducing argon gas with the air pressure of 0.7-0.85 Mpa into the conveyor and the metal liquid bag to simultaneously atomize the aluminum alloy liquid and the reinforcement, and depositing the aluminum alloy liquid and the reinforcement on the substrate to obtain a casting blank;
4) extrusion molding: preheating the casting blank obtained in the step 3) to 450-500 ℃ in a hot extrusion machine, preserving the heat for 30min, and then carrying out hot extrusion molding under the conditions that the temperature is 520 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 20-30, and the extrusion speed is 1-3 mm/s, so as to obtain an extruded pipe;
5) solid solution and aging treatment: carrying out primary solution treatment on the extruded pipe obtained in the step 4), wherein the solution temperature is 470 +/-5 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2 h; performing secondary solution treatment, wherein the solution temperature is 490 +/-5 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1h, the room temperature is cooled by water, and the transfer time is less than or equal to 12 s; and (4) carrying out artificial aging treatment on the pipe subjected to the second-stage solution treatment at the aging temperature of 190 +/-5 ℃ for 12 h.
The invention provides application of the composite material in preparation of a self-lubricating drill rod.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adds the high-entropy alloy with high hardness, high strength, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and high-temperature thermal stability and the MoS with self-lubrication resistance into the aluminum alloy base material2The aluminum-based composite material for the drill rod is simple in process, convenient to operate, low in material loss and capable of producing self-lubricating drill rods in a large scale and the preparation method thereof are provided.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the invention relates to a process flow chart for preparing a self-lubricating aluminum-based composite material for a drill rod;
FIG. 2: the working principle schematic diagram of the solid-liquid synchronous co-location atomizing device is shown; in the figure: 1-solid particles, 2-molten metal, 3-solid particle fluidized conveyor, 4-molten metal bag, 5-closing valve, 6-sealing plug, 7-atomizer and 8-cooler
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples.
Example 1: an aluminum-based composite material with self-lubricating function for a drill rod and an additive manufacturing method thereof comprise the following specific steps:
1) preparing a reinforcement: preparing raw materials of Ti, Co, Cr, Fe, Ni and Al according to atomic ratio, placing the raw materials in a crucible smelting furnace, heating the raw materials to be molten, filling molten liquid into a molten metal bag in a jet deposition machine, and simultaneously adding MoS with the particle size of 10 mu m2Adding into a solid fluidized conveyer, high-entropy alloy and MoS2The mass ratio is 6: 4, respectively introducing high-pressure argon of 0.85MPa into the molten metal bag and the solid fluidization conveyor to ensure that the high-entropy alloy molten metal and the MoS are molten2Synchronously atomizing particles to form liquid drops mixed with solid and liquid, rapidly solidifying the liquid drops under the action of a cooler at the lower end of an atomizing chamber, and depositing the liquid drops on a substrate to obtain enhanced particles, wherein the deposition distance is 900 mm;
2) preparing a base material: preparing Al, Cu, Mn and Mg metal blocks according to mass fraction to obtain a base material raw material, and adding the base material raw material into a crucible smelting furnace for melting to obtain an aluminum alloy liquid;
3) preparing a casting blank: ultrasonic oscillation and full stirring are carried out on the reinforcement particles obtained in the step 1), and the reinforcement particles are injected into a solid particle fluidization conveyor of a jet deposition device according to the mass percent of a base material by 30%; injecting the aluminum alloy liquid obtained in the step 2) into a metal liquid bag; simultaneously introducing argon gas with the air pressure of 0.85Mpa into the conveyor and the metal liquid bag to simultaneously atomize the aluminum alloy liquid and the reinforcement, and depositing the aluminum alloy liquid and the reinforcement on the substrate to obtain a casting blank;
4) extrusion molding: preheating the casting blank obtained in the step 3) to 500 ℃ in a hot extrusion machine, preserving heat for 30min, and then carrying out hot extrusion molding under the conditions that the temperature is 520 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 30, and the extrusion speed is 3mm/s to obtain an extruded pipe;
5) solid solution and aging treatment: carrying out primary solution treatment on the extruded pipe obtained in the step 4), wherein the solution temperature is 470 +/-5 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2 h; performing secondary solution treatment, wherein the solution temperature is 490 +/-5 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1h, the room temperature is cooled by water, and the transfer time is less than or equal to 12 s; and (4) carrying out artificial aging treatment on the pipe subjected to the second-stage solution treatment at the aging temperature of 190 +/-5 ℃ for 12 h.
Through detection, the aluminum-based composite material for the self-lubricating drill rod obtained by the embodiment has the advantages of uniform tissue, dispersed distribution of the precursor, fine crystal grains, and low wear resistance and friction coefficient.
Example 2: an aluminum-based composite material with self-lubricating function for a drill rod and an additive manufacturing method thereof comprise the following specific steps:
1) preparing a reinforcement: preparing raw materials of Ti, Co, Cr, Fe, Ni and Al according to atomic ratio, placing the raw materials in a crucible smelting furnace, heating the raw materials to be molten, filling molten liquid into a molten metal bag in a jet deposition machine, and simultaneously adding MoS with the particle size of 10 mu m2Adding into a solid fluidized conveyer, high-entropy alloy and MoS2The mass ratio is 6: 4, respectively introducing high-pressure argon of 0.7MPa into the molten metal bag and the solid fluidization conveyor to ensure that the high-entropy alloy molten metal and the MoS are molten2The particles are synchronously atomized to form solidThe liquid drops mixed with the liquid are quickly solidified under the action of a cooler at the lower end of the atomizing chamber, and are deposited on the substrate to obtain enhanced body particles, wherein the deposition distance is 700 mm;
2) preparing a base material: preparing Al, Cu, Mn and Mg metal blocks according to mass fraction to obtain a base material raw material, and adding the base material raw material into a crucible smelting furnace for melting to obtain an aluminum alloy liquid;
3) preparing a casting blank: ultrasonic oscillation and full stirring are carried out on the reinforcement particles obtained in the step 1), and the reinforcement particles are injected into a solid particle fluidization conveyor of a jet deposition device according to the mass percent of the base material of 35%; injecting the aluminum alloy liquid obtained in the step 2) into a metal liquid bag; simultaneously introducing argon gas with the air pressure of 0.7Mpa into the conveyor and the metal liquid bag to simultaneously atomize the aluminum alloy liquid and the reinforcement, and depositing the aluminum alloy liquid and the reinforcement on the substrate to obtain a casting blank;
4) extrusion molding: preheating the casting blank obtained in the step 3) to 450 ℃ in a hot extrusion machine, preserving the heat for 30min, and then carrying out hot extrusion molding under the conditions that the temperature is 520 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 20, and the extrusion speed is 1mm/s to obtain an extruded pipe;
5) solid solution and aging treatment: carrying out primary solution treatment on the extruded pipe obtained in the step 4), wherein the solution temperature is 470 +/-5 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2 h; performing secondary solution treatment, wherein the solution temperature is 490 +/-5 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1h, the room temperature is cooled by water, and the transfer time is less than or equal to 12 s; and (4) carrying out artificial aging treatment on the pipe subjected to the second-stage solution treatment at the aging temperature of 190 +/-5 ℃ for 12 h.
Through detection, the aluminum-based composite material for the self-lubricating drill rod obtained by the embodiment has the advantages of uniform tissue, dispersed distribution of the precursor, fine crystal grains, and low wear resistance and friction coefficient.
Example 3: an aluminum-based composite material with self-lubricating function for a drill rod and an additive manufacturing method thereof comprise the following specific steps:
1) preparing a reinforcement: preparing raw materials of Ti, Co, Cr, Fe, Ni and Al according to atomic ratio, placing the raw materials in a crucible smelting furnace, heating the raw materials to be molten, filling molten liquid into a molten metal bag in a jet deposition machine, and simultaneously adding MoS with the particle size of 10 mu m2Adding into a solid fluidized conveyer, high-entropy alloy and MoS2The mass ratio is 6: 4,respectively introducing high-pressure argon of 0.8MPa into the molten metal bag and the solid fluidized conveyor to ensure that the high-entropy alloy molten metal and the MoS are molten2Synchronously atomizing particles to form liquid drops mixed with solid and liquid, rapidly solidifying the liquid drops under the action of a cooler at the lower end of an atomizing chamber, and depositing the liquid drops on a substrate to obtain enhanced particles, wherein the deposition distance is 800 mm;
2) preparing a base material: preparing Al, Cu, Mn and Mg metal blocks according to mass fraction to obtain a base material raw material, and adding the base material raw material into a crucible smelting furnace for melting to obtain an aluminum alloy liquid;
3) preparing a casting blank: ultrasonic oscillation and full stirring are carried out on the reinforcement particles obtained in the step 1), and the reinforcement particles are injected into a solid particle fluidization conveyor of a jet deposition device according to the mass percent of a base material of 40%; injecting the aluminum alloy liquid obtained in the step 2) into a metal liquid bag; simultaneously introducing argon gas with the air pressure of 0.8Mpa into the conveyor and the metal liquid bag to simultaneously atomize the aluminum alloy liquid and the reinforcement, and depositing the aluminum alloy liquid and the reinforcement on the substrate to obtain a casting blank;
4) extrusion molding: preheating the casting blank obtained in the step 3) to 480 ℃ in a hot extrusion machine, preserving heat for 30min, and then carrying out hot extrusion molding under the conditions that the temperature is 520 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 25, and the extrusion speed is 2mm/s to obtain an extruded pipe;
5) solid solution and aging treatment: carrying out primary solution treatment on the extruded pipe obtained in the step 4), wherein the solution temperature is 470 +/-5 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2 h; performing secondary solution treatment, wherein the solution temperature is 490 +/-5 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1h, the room temperature is cooled by water, and the transfer time is less than or equal to 12 s; and (4) carrying out artificial aging treatment on the pipe subjected to the second-stage solution treatment at the aging temperature of 190 +/-5 ℃ for 12 h.
Through detection, the aluminum-based composite material for the self-lubricating drill rod obtained by the embodiment has the advantages of uniform tissue, dispersed distribution of the precursor, fine crystal grains, and low wear resistance and friction coefficient.
Comparative example 1: adjusting only the high-entropy alloy and MoS in the step 1)2The mass ratio is 6: 3, the rest of the steps are the same as the example 1, and the composite material of the comparative example 1 is prepared.
Through detection, the aluminum-based composite material with the self-lubricating function for the drill rod, which is obtained by the comparative example, has the advantages of uneven structure, agglomerated precursor, large crystal grains, low wear resistance and high friction coefficient.
Comparative example 2: adjusting only the high-entropy alloy and MoS in the step 1)2The mass ratio is 6: 5, the rest of the procedure is the same as example 1, and a composite material of comparative example 2 is prepared.
Through detection, the aluminum-based composite material with the self-lubricating function for the drill rod, which is obtained by the comparative example, has the advantages of uneven structure, agglomerated precursor, large crystal grains, low wear resistance and high friction coefficient.
Comparative example 3: only the mass percent of the reinforcement in the base material in the step 3) is adjusted to be 45 percent, and the rest steps are the same as the step 1 to prepare the composite material of the comparative example 3.
Through detection, the aluminum-based composite material with the self-lubricating drill rod obtained by the comparative example has high wear resistance and small friction coefficient, but microcracks are generated on the surface of the prepared casting blank after extrusion forming.
Comparative example 4: only the mass percent of the reinforcement accounting for the base material in the step 3) is adjusted to be 25 percent, and the rest steps are the same as the step 1 to prepare the composite material of the comparative example 4.
Through detection, the aluminum-based composite material with the self-lubricating function for the drill rod, which is obtained by the comparative example, has high wear resistance and small friction coefficient, and the strength of the prepared casting blank is reduced after the casting blank is extruded into a pipe.
Test example: by adopting the MMQ-02G ball disk type rotary motion high-temperature friction and wear testing machine, the friction mating part is a phi 6mm ceramic ball made of SiO2Hardness 880 HV. The rubbing time was 30min, the rotational speed was 500r/min, and the load was 15N. The results of the friction performance tests performed on the aluminum matrix composites of examples 1-3 above are shown in the following table:
| examples | Amount of wear | Average coefficient of friction |
| Example 1 | 1.1mg | 0.11 |
| Example 2 | 1.0mg | 0.07 |
| Example 3 | 0.9mg | 0.05 |
| Comparative example 1 | 5.5mg | 0.76 |
| Comparative example 2 | 5.7mg | 0.78 |
| Comparative example 3 | 0.88mg | 0.05 |
| Comparative example 4 | 1.5mg | 0.14 |
The self-lubricating aluminum-based composite material for the drill rod and the additive manufacturing method, which are prepared by the 3 embodiments and the multiple experiments, are characterized in that the high-entropy alloy-coated MoS with high hardness, high strength, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and high-temperature thermal stability is added into the aluminum alloy base material2The particles are in a microstructure with uniform components and fine grains obtained by a spray deposition method, and the microstructure is more compact after hot extrusion treatment, so that the material essentially improves the wear resistance and the durability of the materialThe corrosion property overcomes the main defects of the surface wear resistance, thin self-lubricating layer and large pollution of electroplating liquid of the known corrosion-resistant aluminum-based composite material, and provides the aluminum-based composite material for the drill rod, which has simple process, convenient operation, less material loss and self-lubrication and can be produced in a large scale, and the preparation method thereof.
Example 1 compared with comparative examples 1-4 found that only the high entropy alloy and the MoS2The mass ratio is 6: 4, when the reinforcement accounts for 30-50% of the mass of the base material, the prepared composite material improves the wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and overcomes the defects of the surface wear resistance and thin self-lubricating layer of the known corrosion-resistant aluminum-based composite material. Reinforcement accounts for the mass percent of the base material, and the high-entropy alloy and the MoS2Small changes will have a large effect on the properties of the composite.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The self-lubricating aluminum alloy composite material is characterized by comprising a base material and a reinforcement, wherein the base material is aluminum alloy, and the reinforcement is high-entropy alloy TiCoCrFeNiAl-coated MoS2The particle, the reinforcement accounts for 30-40% of the base material by mass, and the particle size of the reinforcement is 20-50 μm.
2. The composite material of claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy comprises, by mass, 3.8 to 4.9% of each element, 1.2 to 1.8% of Mg, 0.30 to 0.90% of Mn, and the balance Al.
3. A method for the preparation of a composite material according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of:
1) preparing a reinforcement: preparing raw materials of Ti, Co, Cr, Fe, Ni and Al according to atomic ratio, placing the raw materials in a crucible smelting furnace, heating the raw materials to be molten, filling molten liquid into a molten metal bag in a jet deposition machine, and simultaneously adding MoS with the particle size of 10 mu m2Adding into a solid fluidized conveyer, high-entropy alloy and MoS2The mass ratio is 6: 4, respectively introducing high-pressure argon of 0.7-0.85 MPa into the molten metal bag and the solid fluidization conveyor to ensure that the high-entropy alloy molten metal and the MoS are subjected to reaction2Synchronously atomizing particles to form liquid drops mixed with solid and liquid, rapidly solidifying the liquid drops under the action of a cooler at the lower end of an atomizing chamber, and depositing the liquid drops on a substrate to obtain enhanced particles, wherein the deposition distance is 700-900 mm;
2) preparing a base material: preparing Al, Cu, Mn and Mg metal blocks according to mass fraction to obtain a base material raw material, and adding the base material raw material into a crucible smelting furnace for melting to obtain an aluminum alloy liquid;
3) preparing a casting blank: ultrasonic oscillation is carried out on the reinforcement particles obtained in the step 1), and the reinforcement particles are fully stirred and filled into a solid particle fluidization conveyor of a jet deposition device; injecting the aluminum alloy liquid obtained in the step 2) into a metal liquid bag; simultaneously introducing argon gas with the air pressure of 0.7-0.85 MPa into the conveyor and the metal liquid bag to atomize the aluminum alloy liquid and the reinforcement simultaneously, and depositing the aluminum alloy liquid and the reinforcement on the substrate to obtain a casting blank;
4) extrusion molding: preheating the casting blank obtained in the step 3) to 450-500 ℃ in a hot extrusion machine, preserving the heat for 30min, and then carrying out hot extrusion molding under the conditions that the temperature is 520 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 20-30, and the extrusion speed is 1-3 mm/s, so as to obtain an extruded pipe;
5) solid solution and aging treatment: carrying out primary solution treatment on the extruded pipe obtained in the step 4), wherein the solution temperature is 470 +/-5 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2 h; performing secondary solution treatment, wherein the solution temperature is 490 +/-5 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1h, the room temperature is cooled by water, and the transfer time is less than or equal to 12 s; and (4) carrying out artificial aging treatment on the pipe subjected to the second-stage solution treatment at the aging temperature of 190 +/-5 ℃ for 12 h.
4. Use of a composite material according to any one of claims 1-2 for the preparation of a self-lubricating drill rod.
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| CN201810643219.1A CN108893641B (en) | 2018-06-21 | 2018-06-21 | Self-lubricating aluminum alloy composite material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN108893641B true CN108893641B (en) | 2020-05-05 |
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