CN108892617A - A kind of preparation method of Isopropyl Nitrite - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of Isopropyl Nitrite Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108892617A
CN108892617A CN201810933036.3A CN201810933036A CN108892617A CN 108892617 A CN108892617 A CN 108892617A CN 201810933036 A CN201810933036 A CN 201810933036A CN 108892617 A CN108892617 A CN 108892617A
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China
Prior art keywords
preparation
nitric acid
isopropyl nitrite
reaction
isopropyl
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CN201810933036.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
邢文国
岳涛
冯维春
杨旭
魏凤
邢伶
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Qingdao University of Science and Technology
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Qingdao University of Science and Technology
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Priority to CN201810933036.3A priority Critical patent/CN108892617A/en
Publication of CN108892617A publication Critical patent/CN108892617A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C201/00Preparation of esters of nitric or nitrous acid or of compounds containing nitro or nitroso groups bound to a carbon skeleton
    • C07C201/04Preparation of esters of nitrous acid

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of Isopropyl Nitrite, and specific step is as follows:Isopropanol is added into reaction vessel, sodium nitrite is added while stirring, control reaction temperature is 20~50 DEG C, and dilution heat of sulfuric acid is slowly added dropwise, rear insulation reaction is added dropwise, separates to obtain the final product.Preparation method simple process of the invention, condition is easy to control, production cost is low, safety coefficient is high, convenient post-treatment, has very strong operability and repeatability, and synthetic method of the invention, product yield can reach 95% or more, be convenient for industrialized production, solve the problems such as difficult control of reaction conditions, high production cost existing for traditional handicraft, yield be low.

Description

A kind of preparation method of Isopropyl Nitrite
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of synthetic methods, and in particular to a kind of preparation method of Isopropyl Nitrite.Belong to organic conjunction At technical field.
Background technique
Isopropyl Nitrite genus nitrosomonas esters, stability is not high, explosive, hardly possible storage, for distending the blood vessels, blood pressure Decline and tachycardia play an important role, and have in military, engineering technology and medicine and other fields and are widely applied.Meanwhile nitrous acid Isopropyl ester or a kind of preferable diazo reagent.
The preparation method of traditional Isopropyl Nitrite has 3 kinds, one is by isopropanol-Nitrosation Process, using isopropanol, Sodium nitrite, sulfuric acid be raw material, under dichloromethane solvent react be made, and sulfuric acid be raw material, by-product sodium sulphate added value compared with Low, for sulfuric acid concentration within 40%, water consumption is larger, and reaction yield is lower (84%);Another kind be 2- bromo (iodo) propane, Silver nitrite is made for raw material;Not only reaction yield is low (52%), but also more demanding to operating condition, and wastewater flow rate is big, production It is expensive;Still an alternative is that being prepared using benzophenone and isopropanol reaction, but by-product diformazan can be generated Ketone, reaction are not easy to control.Therefore, there is an urgent need to the methods that one kind safe and efficient can prepare nitric acid isopropanol.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of preparation side of Isopropyl Nitrite Method, it is sodium nitrite-isopropanol-nitric acid reaction body that this method, which improves original technique sodium nitrite-ethyl alcohol-sulfuric acid reaction system, System.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
A kind of preparation method of Isopropyl Nitrite, specific step is as follows:By nitric acid solution agitation and dropping to sodium nitrite In the mixed system of isopropanol composition, reaction temperature is controlled, rear insulation reaction is dripped, is collected since being added dropwise nitric acid solution Liquid Isopropyl Nitrite obtains Isopropyl Nitrite, reaction equation is as follows until no liquid generates:
iPrOH+HNO3+NaNO2iPrONO+NaNO3+H2O。
In the above method, esterification material sodium nitrite:Isopropanol:Nitric acid (molar ratio) is 1.0:1.05~1.20: 0.50~0.70;
Preferably, esterification material matches sodium nitrite:Isopropanol:Nitric acid (molar ratio)=1.0:1.05:0.50.
Preferably, the nitric acid solution concentration that the esterification of Isopropyl Nitrite uses is prepared as 30~68%;
It is further preferred that the concentration of the nitric acid solution is 40%~50%.
In the above method, 1.5~2h of preferred nitric acid solution time for adding, it is 25~40 DEG C that process reaction temperature, which is added dropwise,;
It is further preferred that it is 30~35 DEG C that process reaction temperature, which is added dropwise, in the nitric acid solution.
In the above method, the time of preferred insulation reaction is 0.5~2 hour, and the temperature of insulation reaction is 40~50 DEG C;
In the above method, reaction system is aqueous systems, with water as solvent.
In the above method, water is the reaction dissolvent of reaction system, and reaction system includes nitric acid solution, sodium nitrite, isopropyl Alcohol.Wherein the mixed system of sodium nitrite and isopropanol composition is the aqueous isopropanol of sodium nitrite.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The present invention is using isopropanol, nitrous acid and dilute nitric acid solution as raw material, by under water phase nitric acidic environment, isopropanol Isopropyl Nitrite is prepared with reacting at ester for nitrous acid, distillation obtains Isopropyl Nitrite.
Preparation method of the invention replaces dichloromethane solvent with water, and technique clean and environmental protection is provided with nitric acid substitution sulfuric acid Acidic environment reacts milder, and condition is easy to control, and safety coefficient is high, and side reaction substantially reduces, and by-product sodium nitrate and tradition Sodium sulphate is compared, and height is added, and cost reduces, and is had very strong operability and repeatability, and synthetic method of the invention, is produced Product yield can reach 92% or more, be convenient for industrialized production, solve difficult control of reaction conditions, life existing for traditional handicraft Produce many problems such as at high cost, yield is low.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention will be further elaborated, it should explanation, following the description merely to It explains the present invention, its content is not defined.
Embodiment 1:
30% nitric acid solution 105ml (0.5mol) stirring is added to 69 grams of (1.0mol) sodium nitrites and 80.4ml In the mixed system of (1.05mol) isopropanol composition, 25 DEG C of reactions are kept the temperature, 1.5h keeps the temperature 40 DEG C of reaction 0.5h again after dripping, Liquid Isopropyl Nitrite is collected since being added dropwise nitric acid, until no longer receiving, obtains Isopropyl Nitrite 82.0g, this is anti- Answering yield is 92.0%.
Embodiment 2:
30% nitric acid solution 105ml (0.5mol) stirring is added to 69 grams of (1.0mol) sodium nitrites and 80.4ml In the mixed system of (1.05mol) isopropanol composition, 40 DEG C of reactions are kept the temperature, 2.0h keeps the temperature 50 DEG C of reaction 2.0h again after dripping, Liquid Isopropyl Nitrite is collected since being added dropwise nitric acid, until no longer receiving, obtains Isopropyl Nitrite 85.6g, this is anti- Answering yield is 96.0%.
Embodiment 3:
68% nitric acid solution 64.9ml (0.7mol) stirring is added to 69 grams of (1.0mol) sodium nitrites and 80.4ml In the mixed system of (1.05mol) isopropanol composition, 25 DEG C of reactions are kept the temperature, 1.5h keeps the temperature 40 DEG C of reaction 2.0h again after dripping, Liquid Isopropyl Nitrite is collected since being added dropwise nitric acid, until no longer receiving, obtains Isopropyl Nitrite 77.5g, this is anti- Answering yield is 87.0%.
Embodiment 4:
40% nitric acid solution 78.8ml (0.5mol) stirring is added to 69 grams of (1.0mol) sodium nitrites and 91.9ml In the mixed system of (1.2mol) isopropanol composition, 35 DEG C of reactions are kept the temperature, 1.5h keeps the temperature 50 DEG C of reaction 2.0h again after dripping, from Nitric acid is added dropwise to start to collect liquid Isopropyl Nitrite, until no longer receiving, obtains Isopropyl Nitrite 86.2g, the reaction Yield is 96.8%.
Embodiment 5:
30% nitric acid solution 105ml (0.5mol) stirring is added to 69 grams of (1.0mol) sodium nitrites and 80.4ml In the mixed system of (1.05mol) isopropanol composition, 30 DEG C of reactions are kept the temperature, 1.5h keeps the temperature 40 DEG C of reaction 0.5h again after dripping, Liquid Isopropyl Nitrite is collected since being added dropwise nitric acid, until no longer receiving, obtains Isopropyl Nitrite 84.2g, this is anti- Answering yield is 94.6%.
Embodiment 6:
30% nitric acid solution 105ml (0.5mol) stirring is added to 69 grams of (1.0mol) sodium nitrites and 80.4ml In the mixed system of (1.05mol) isopropanol composition, 25 DEG C of reactions are kept the temperature, 1.5h keeps the temperature 40 DEG C of reaction 0.5h again after dripping, Liquid Isopropyl Nitrite is collected since being added dropwise nitric acid, until no longer receiving, obtains Isopropyl Nitrite 79.5g, this is anti- Answering yield is 89.3%.
Above-mentioned, although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described, not to the limit of the scope of the present invention System, based on the technical solutions of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to make the creative labor can make it is each Kind modification or deformation are still within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of preparation method of Isopropyl Nitrite, which is characterized in that specific step is as follows:Nitric acid solution agitation and dropping is arrived In the mixed system of sodium nitrite and isopropanol composition, reaction temperature is controlled, rear insulation reaction is dripped, from dropwise addition nitric acid solution Start to collect liquid Isopropyl Nitrite, until no liquid generates, obtains Isopropyl Nitrite, reaction equation is as follows:
iPrOH+NHO3+NaNO2iPrONO+NaNO3+H2O。
2. a kind of preparation method of Isopropyl Nitrite according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the isopropanol, Asia The molar ratio of sodium nitrate and nitric acid is 1.0:1.05~1.20:0.50~0.70.
3. a kind of preparation method of Isopropyl Nitrite according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the isopropanol, Asia The molar ratio of sodium nitrate and nitric acid is 1.0:1.05:0.50.
4. the preparation method of described in any item a kind of Isopropyl Nitrites according to claim 1~3, which is characterized in that described Nitric acid solution concentration is 30~68%.
5. a kind of preparation method of Isopropyl Nitrite according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the nitric acid solution Concentration is 40%~50%.
6. a kind of preparation method of Isopropyl Nitrite according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the nitric acid drop It is 1.5~2h between added-time, the reaction temperature that process is added dropwise is 25~40 DEG C.
7. a kind of preparation method of Isopropyl Nitrite according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the nitric acid dropping mistake Journey reaction temperature is 30~35 DEG C.
8. a kind of preparation method of Isopropyl Nitrite according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the heat preservation Reaction time is 0.5~2 hour, and insulation reaction temperature is 40~50 DEG C.
9. a kind of preparation method of Isopropyl Nitrite according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that reaction system is Aqueous systems, with water as solvent.
CN201810933036.3A 2018-08-16 2018-08-16 A kind of preparation method of Isopropyl Nitrite Pending CN108892617A (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4980496A (en) * 1989-12-05 1990-12-25 Fruchey Olan S Method for producing C1 to C5 alkyl nitrides
CN103570551A (en) * 2012-07-25 2014-02-12 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Device and method for synthesizing nitrite used for oxalate
CN106831439A (en) * 2017-03-06 2017-06-13 西南化工研究设计院有限公司 One kind prepares the method and device of C1 ~ C4 alkyl nitriteesters

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4980496A (en) * 1989-12-05 1990-12-25 Fruchey Olan S Method for producing C1 to C5 alkyl nitrides
CN103570551A (en) * 2012-07-25 2014-02-12 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Device and method for synthesizing nitrite used for oxalate
CN106831439A (en) * 2017-03-06 2017-06-13 西南化工研究设计院有限公司 One kind prepares the method and device of C1 ~ C4 alkyl nitriteesters

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
张奎 等: "改良Gomberg-Bachmann法合成2,4-二氟联苯的研究", 《杭州化工》 *
徐娟娟,胡艾希: "氨噻肟酸的合成", 《精细化工》 *

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