CN108891029A - The planing method of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials 3D printing typical path - Google Patents
The planing method of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials 3D printing typical path Download PDFInfo
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- CN108891029A CN108891029A CN201810854914.2A CN201810854914A CN108891029A CN 108891029 A CN108891029 A CN 108891029A CN 201810854914 A CN201810854914 A CN 201810854914A CN 108891029 A CN108891029 A CN 108891029A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
Abstract
The planing method of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials 3D printing typical path of the present invention belongs to composite material rapid shaping field, is related to a kind of planing method of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials 3D printing typical path.This method is required according to the actual size of shaped component, threedimensional model is established by CAD modeling software, and carry out slicing delamination processing to it using 3D Slice Software, to obtain profile and synusia information.Judge the bending degree in path and start respective paths planning mechanism, jump point is accurately positioned by jump point treatment mechanism and completes jump point movement.Layer transition of the fiber without breakpoint is realized using interlayer path planning mechanism, realizes continuous fiber reinforced composite materials high quality, efficient 3D printing new route.This method cooks up the printing path of minimum breakpoint, guarantees the mechanical property of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials.Continuous fiber is effectively reduced in the forming defect of bending place, it is promoted in the binding force of bending place, improves the overall performance of shaped component.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to composite material rapid shaping fields, and it is typical to be related to a kind of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials 3D printing
The planing method in path.
Background technique
Fibre reinforced composites have the advantages that lightweight, it is high-strength and can whole design manufacture, become Aeronautics and Astronautics
Etc. the preferred material of key member in high-end equipment field.However, with the functionalization of key member in high-end equipment and high property
Demand continuous improvement can be changed, the structure of component designs even more complex, and traditional cured manufacturing process of laying is unable to satisfy complicated structure
The shape requirement of part, has seriously affected application of the fibrous composite in high-end equipment complex structural member.
3D printing technique applies the thought of discrete-accumulation, avoids tradition from the root and subtracts hardly possible present in material manufacture
Molding, unmanageable problem can not only effectively promote manufacture efficiency and stock utilization, reduce production cost, can also realize
The fast precise of complex structural member manufactures.The fast development of 3D printing technique, for fibrous composite manufacture provide it is new
Research direction.However, in the 3D printing forming process of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials, due to the fibrous material itself of enhancing
With hard brittleness, stress easily is formed in knee and is concentrated, binding force declines to a great extent.Meanwhile in the low-angle bending part of part
In the forming process divided, traditional 3D printing path easily causes fiber to be broken, the serious mechanical property for cutting down shaped component
Energy.During continuous fiber reinforced composite materials path planning, keeps fiber continuity and realize that jump point printing is to guarantee structure
The most key factor of part mechanical property.
Accordingly, domestic and foreign scholars expand extensive research.The Garrett W.Melenka of University of Alberta: Alberta, Canada
Et al. deliver on " Composite Structures "《Evaluation and prediction of the tensile
properties of continuous fiber-reinforced 3D printed structures》In describe Mark
The fiber printing path of One printer can be completed preferably by distinctive algorithm, and under the cooperation of the resins such as nylon
The laying forming of continuous fiber works, however this method is easy to generate defect at origin of fibers, leads to the knot of fiber interlayer
Conjunction ability is poor, and the filling content of continuous fiber is limited, constrains the mechanical property of shaped component.Wuhan University of Technology
What Malaysian peak et al. was delivered in " Machine Design and research "《The path of the long fine 3D printing of carbon fiber jumps processing》In propose
A kind of long fibre 3D printing path based on distance relation between three-dimensional path coordinate and distal end disconnecting device jumps algorithm, by disconnected
The identification of point and the matching of position can preferably complete jumping for path, however the location matches mode of above-mentioned algorithm is complicated, meter
Calculation amount is huge, and the efficiency for forming code is very low, is unfavorable for realizing the requirement of 3D printing technique rapid shaping.In addition, the algorithm meter
The path breakpoint of calculating is excessive, has seriously affected the continuity of fiber, can also make the big discounting of the mechanical property of final molding component
Button.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies of existing technologies, for continuous fiber 3D printing path planning still
There are bending place fibrous binding forces weak, low-angle bending place fiber easy fracture, the problems such as path breakpoint is more, this is easily caused continuously
The defect of fibrous composite shaped component is formed, serious to restrict shaped component performance, even results in shaped component printing failure.
During 3D printing, since continuous fiber is bent characteristic easy to break, for path in layer, interlayer path, bending path, jump
The problems such as path and angle and curved path are difficult planning paths common in continuous fiber composite material forming process, are beaten
Print path should guarantee the continuity of fiber as far as possible, reduce fiber breakpoint to the full extent.In view of fiber reinforcement phase and resin
Huge thermodynamic differences between matrix phase have invented a kind of planning of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials 3D printing typical path
Method, with realize this kind of complex structural member it is high-quality, efficiently molding rigors.This method is according to the profile and layer of shaped component
Piece information judges the bending degree in path and starts respective paths planning mechanism, and jump point is accurately positioned by jump point treatment mechanism,
And jump point movement is completed, layer transition of the fiber without breakpoint is realized using interlayer path planning mechanism, is finally obtained achievable
The molding 3D printing new route of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials high quality, high efficiency, low defect, significantly reduces and is molded into
This, significantly improves printing benefit.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is that a kind of planning side of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials 3D printing typical path
Method, which is characterized in that this method is required according to the actual size of shaped component, establishes threedimensional model by CAD modeling software, and
Slicing delamination processing is carried out to it using 3D Slice Software, to obtain profile and synusia information；Judge the bending degree in path simultaneously
Start respective paths planning mechanism, jump point is accurately positioned by jump point treatment mechanism and completes jump point movement, utilizes interlayer path
Planning mechanism realizes layer transition of the fiber without breakpoint, realizes continuous fiber reinforced composite materials high quality, high efficiency, low defect
Molding 3D printing new route；Specific step is as follows for method：
Step 1 is required according to the actual size of shaped component, establishes threedimensional model by CAD modeling software, and utilize 3D
Slice Software carries out slicing delamination processing to it, to obtain profile and synusia information；The profile and synusia information is not only quasi-
The really geometric topology information of description shaped component will also reflect that the different materials attribute of continuous fiber and resin is believed in composite material
Breath；
Profile and synusia information of the step 2 according to acquisition, the print parameters such as setting print speed, nozzle temperature, thickness, really
Determine the external parameters such as gauge or diameter of wire, printing nozzle diameter, calculates wire rod feed speed accordingly, and start path planning machine in layer
System；
Path planning mechanism is specially in the layer：Distance for the layering contour pattern of rule, from layering profile
The nearest vertex A of origin starts, and according to " returning " font trajectory planing method, successively planned trajectory passes through B, C, D, E each point,
Distance l between midpoint A and point EAENot less than the jet diameters of 3D printer；For irregular layering contour pattern, with the former class
Seemingly, but away from starting point A1The point D of suitable distance1Place changes path curve radian, makes rising for the arrival inner ring of path continuously smooth
Initial point E1, and point A1With point E1Between distance lA1E1Not less than jet diameters；
Step 3 judges whether there is bending in interlayer path, if there is bending, starting bending path planning mechanism, and enters
Step 4, conversely, being directly entered step 5；
The bending path planning mechanism is specially：In path bending place, especially less than 120 ° of bending place, according to even
Continuous fiber properties suitably adjust bending radius of curvature, reduce the generation of fibrous material defect；Meanwhile print speed herein being dropped
Low 4%-6%, print temperature increase 1%-2%, and the infiltration between reinforcing fiber and resin is continuous fine to promote knee printing
Tie up binding force；
Whether be low-angle bending, bend if it is low-angle, start low-angle path if being bent in step 4 judgment step 3
Planning mechanism, and 5 are entered step, conversely, being directly entered step 5；The low-angle path planning mechanism is specially：It is curved in path
When dog-ear degree is less than the minimum angles that continuous fiber can be bent, according to continuous fiber property, increases bending angle, reduce simultaneously
Print speed 6%-8% increases print temperature 3%-4%, is further reduced the generation of continuous fiber defect to promote molding structure
Part performance；
Step 5 continuous fiber can not the place of filling filled with resin, to ensure the shape need of integrated member；In thermoplastic resin
Under the cooperation of rouge, the planning in above-mentioned path is completed；
Step 6 judges whether this layer of path filling be complete, if this layer of path filling is complete, is directly entered step 7, instead
It, obtains the profile and synusia information of part to be filled, and starts jump point path treatment mechanism, return step 2, to not filling
Part carry out path planning；
Step 7 starts interlayer path planning mechanism, prepares next layer of path filling；
The interlayer path planning mechanism is specially：O point from terminating from the final path of this layer, adjust continuous fiber into
To the conversion rate of speed and interlayer direction Z coordinate, the interlayer for being allowed to O` point of the completion to match from M layers of O point to N layers turns
It changes；
Step 8 starting path planning terminates decision mechanism；The path planning terminates decision mechanism：Judgement is current
Whether the number of plies is more than the number of plies of shaped component design printing, if being more than the design number of plies, path planning terminates；This printing path rule
Check off beam exports the path code file of planning；Conversely, obtaining next layer of profile and synusia information, return step 2 continues
Plan lower layer path.
A kind of planing method of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials 3D printing typical path, which is characterized in that used continuous
Fibre reinforced materials is continuous carbon fibre wire rod, continuous glass fibre wire rod, continuous ceramic fiber or continuous carbofrax fibre
It is one or more, it further include the continuous fiber tow prepared according to particular application；Resin used is ABS resin, polyamide
Or polyether-ether-ketone thermoplastic resin is one or more.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows the printing paths that can cook up minimum breakpoint, guarantee continuous fiber reinforced composite materials
Mechanical property.Continuous fiber is effectively reduced in the forming defect of bending place, and effectively promotes it in the binding force of bending place, is mentioned
Rise the overall performance of shaped component.It more can accurately determine jump point position, quickly generate jump point path code.The road of method planning
Diameter can high quality, it is efficient complete continuous fiber 3D printing during jump point act.Realize continuous fiber high quality, efficiently
The molding path planning of rate, low defect is that one kind is able to satisfy continuous fiber reinforced composite materials 3D printing shaped component entirety shape
Property require paths planning method.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is paths planning method flow chart of the invention；
Fig. 2 is paths planning method schematic diagram in rule layering contour layer of the invention；
Fig. 3 is paths planning method schematic diagram in irregular layering contour layer of the invention；
Fig. 4 is continuous fiber interlayer paths planning method schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the path planning schematic diagram after three-dimensional model diagram and the exemplar layering of original exemplar in embodiment, wherein figure
5a) N layers of paths rule are jumped to for M layers after exemplar layering in embodiment for the three-dimensional model diagram of original exemplar in embodiment, Fig. 5 b)
Draw schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with technical solution with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Continuous fiber reinforcement material used in planing method of the invention is continuous carbon fibre wire rod, continuous glass fibre line
Material, continuous ceramic fiber or continuous carbofrax fibre it is one or more, further include according to the continuous of particular application preparation
Fibre bundle；Resin used is the one or more of ABS resin, polyamide or polyether-ether-ketone thermoplastic resin.
In the present embodiment, 3D printing is carried out, wherein continuous carbon as former material material using 1K continuous carbon fibre and nylon
It is 13 ° that fiber, which is by pretreated, and according to the minimum angles that it can bend are tested,.
The paths planning method flow chart of the present embodiment as shown in Figure 1, planing method specific step is as follows：
The three-dimensional model diagram of step 1 original exemplar referring to shown in Fig. 5 a), the actual size requirement of shaped component, by
Autodesk Inventor establishes threedimensional model, and layered shaping is carried out to it using 3D Slice Software, obtains profile and synusia
Information；
Step 2 sets this print speed 80mm/min according to material properties information and the profile of acquisition and synusia information,
260 DEG C of nozzle temperature, thickness 0.3mm, select nozzle diameter 1.2mm, fiber gauge or diameter of wire 1mm, resin gauge or diameter of wire 1.75mm；
It is calculated according to constant-volume principle, fiber wire rod feed speed 80mm/min, resin wire rod feed speed 11.5mm/min；According to
Path planning mechanism in layer, from A2Point starts " to return " word filling；Fig. 2 is path planning side in rule layering contour layer of the invention
Method schematic diagram, Fig. 3 are paths planning method schematic diagram in irregular layering contour layer of the invention.
Step 3 judges whether there is bending in interlayer path, as shown in Fig. 5 b), path midpoint B2~H2Between have bending, start
Bend path planning mechanism.Wherein, point B2~E2With point H2Locate bending angle less than 120 degree, print speed herein is adjusted to
76mm/min, temperature are adjusted to 263 DEG C；It and according to the angles of different bendings is everywhere arc shape by path planning.
Step 4 judges Fig. 5 b) shown in path bending whether have low-angle bending, if it is low-angle bend, start it is small
Angular path planning mechanism, Fig. 5 b) path in F '2Bending angle is bent less than 13 ° for low-angle at point, starts low-angle
Path planning mechanism, according to fibre property in example, the radius that track herein is adjusted to 15 ° is being bent in an arc shape for 1.5mm
F2G2, and print speed is adjusted to 74mm/min, temperature is adjusted to 268 DEG C.
Step 5 continuous fiber can not the place of filling filled with resin, above-mentioned F '2Continuous fiber can not fill at point low-angle
The planning in integral-filled path is completed using filled nylon in place.
Step 6 judges whether there are also roads at this layer region II after having planned the fill path of the region I in Fig. 5 b)
Diameter is not planned, and profile herein and synusia information are obtained, and repeats step 2 to step 5, carries out path to the part that do not fill
Planning；
Step 7 starting path planning terminates decision mechanism；After path planning at the region II in Fig. 5 b), this layer
All planning finishes in path, starts interlayer path planning mechanism, and the conversion rate and continuous fiber for adjusting interlayer direction Z coordinate supply
It is identical to speed, the layer transition of the O` point from M layers of O point to N layers is completed, is filled out as shown in figure 4, preparing next layer of path
It fills；
After the lifting of step 8 printer Z axis, starting path planning terminates decision mechanism, judges whether current layer number is more than into
The number of plies of type component design printing, if it exceeds the design number of plies, the planning of this printing path terminates, and exports the path code of planning
File；Otherwise profile and the synusia information for obtaining next layer, repeat step 2 to step 8, continue path planning.
A kind of planing method of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials 3D printing typical path of the invention fully considers continuously
The characteristic of fiber can not only cook up the printing path of minimum breakpoint, guarantee shaped component mechanical property, more can accurately really
Determine jump point position, quickly generates jump point path code；Continuous fiber can be effectively reduced simultaneously in the forming defect of bending place, met
Shaped component meet design requirement type requirement, cook up achievable continuous fiber reinforced composite materials high quality, high efficiency,
The low molding path of damage.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of planing method of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials 3D printing typical path, which is characterized in that this method according to
The actual size requirement of shaped component, establishes threedimensional model by CAD modeling software, and cut to it using 3D Slice Software
Piece layered shaping, to obtain profile and synusia information；Judge the bending degree in path and starts respective paths planning mechanism, by
Jump point is accurately positioned in jump point processing, and completes jump point movement；Layer transition of the fiber without breakpoint is realized using interlayer path planning,
It is final to realize continuous fiber reinforced composite materials high quality, high efficiency, the molding 3D printing new route of low defect；Method it is specific
Steps are as follows：
Step 1 is required according to the actual size of shaped component, establishes threedimensional model by CAD modeling software, and be sliced using 3D
Software carries out slicing delamination processing to it, to obtain profile and synusia information；The profile and synusia information is not only accurately retouched
The geometric topology information of shaped component is stated, also to reflect the different materials attribute information of continuous fiber and resin in composite material；
Step 2 sets print speed, nozzle temperature, thickness print parameters, determines wire rod according to the profile and synusia information of acquisition
Diameter, printing nozzle diameter outer parameter calculate wire rod feed speed accordingly, and start path planning mechanism in layer；
Path planning mechanism is specially in the layer：For rule layering contour pattern, from layering profile on apart from origin
A nearest vertex A starts, and according to " returning " font trajectory planing method, successively planned trajectory passes through B, C, D, E each point；Wherein,
Distance l between point A and point EAENot less than the jet diameters of 3D printer；It is similar with the former for irregular layering contour pattern,
But away from starting point A1The point D of suitable distance1Place changes path curve radian, makes the starting of the arrival inner ring of path continuously smooth
Point E1, and point A1With point E1Between distanceNot less than jet diameters；
Step 3 judges whether there is bending in interlayer path, if there is bending, starting bending path planning mechanism, and enters step
4, conversely, being directly entered step 5；
The bending path planning mechanism is specially：In path bending place, especially less than 120 ° of bending place, according to continuous fibre
Dimension characteristic suitably adjusts bending radius of curvature, reduces the generation of fibrous material defect；Meanwhile print speed herein being reduced
4%-6%, print temperature increase 1%-2%, the infiltration between reinforcing fiber and resin, to promote knee printing continuous fiber
Binding force；
Whether be low-angle bending, bend if it is low-angle, start low-angle path planning if being bent in step 4 judgment step 3
Mechanism, and 5 are entered step, conversely, being directly entered step 5；The low-angle path planning mechanism is specially：In path bending angle
When degree is less than the minimum angles that continuous fiber can be bent, according to continuous fiber property, increase bending angle, while reducing printing
Speed 6%-8% increases print temperature 3%-4%, is further reduced the generation of continuous fiber defect to promote shaped component
Energy；
Step 5 continuous fiber can not the place of filling filled with resin, to ensure the shape need of integrated member；In thermoplastic resin
Under cooperation, the planning in above-mentioned path is completed；
Step 6 judges whether this layer of path filling be complete, if this layer of path filling is complete, step 7 is directly entered, conversely, obtaining
The profile and synusia information of part to be filled are taken, and starts jump point path treatment mechanism, return step 2, to the portion that do not fill
Divide and carries out path planning；
Step 7 starts interlayer path planning mechanism, prepares next layer of path filling；The interlayer path planning mechanism is specific
For：O point from terminating from the final path of this layer adjusts the feed speed of continuous fiber and the conversion rate of interlayer direction Z coordinate,
It is allowed to the layer transition of O` point of the completion to match from M layers of O point to N layers；
Step 8 starting path planning terminates decision mechanism；The path planning terminates decision mechanism：Judge current layer number
Whether it is more than the number of plies of shaped component design printing, if being more than the design number of plies, path planning terminates；This printing path planning knot
Beam exports the path code file of planning；Conversely, next layer of profile and synusia information are obtained, return step 2 to step 8, after
It is continuous to carry out path planning.
2. a kind of planing method of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials 3D printing typical path according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that, continuous fiber reinforcement material used be continuous carbon fibre wire rod, continuous glass fibre wire rod, continuous ceramic fiber or
Continuous carbofrax fibre it is one or more, further include according to particular application prepare continuous fiber tow；Resin used
For the one or more of ABS resin, polyamide or polyether-ether-ketone thermoplastic resin.
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| CN109808171A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-05-28 | 杭州电子科技大学 | A kind of 3D continuous path generation method towards Fused Deposition Modeling |
| CN110001067A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-07-12 | 北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials 3D printing paths planning method |
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